Federal Communications Commission DA 15-932
Before the
Federal Communications Commission
Washington, D.C. 20554
In the Matter of
Daniel R. Hicks
Licensee of Amateur Radio Station KB8UYZ
Cincinnati, Ohio
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File No.:  EB-FIELDNER-14-00014634
NAL/Acct. No.:  201532360002
FRN:  0008996514
NOTICE OF APPARENT LIABILITY FOR FORFEITURE
Adopted:  August 20, 2015 Released: August 20, 2015
By the District Director, Detroit Office, Northeast Region, Enforcement Bureau:
I. INTRODUCTION
1. We propose a penalty of $8,000 against Daniel R. Hicks for intentionally causing 
interference to other amateur radio operators and failing to provide his proper station identification.  
Amateur radio frequencies are shared and licensees may not monopolize any frequency for their exclusive 
use.  Deliberate interference undermines the utility of the Amateur Radio Service by preventing 
communications among licensed users that comply with the Commission’s Rules.  In addition, the failure to 
transmit a licensee’s assigned call sign information disrupts the orderly administration of the Amateur Radio 
Service by preventing licensed users from identifying a transmission’s source. 
2. In this Notice of Apparent Liability for Forfeiture (NAL), we find that Mr. Hicks, licensee 
of Amateur Radio Station KB8UYZ in Cincinnati, Ohio, apparently willfully violations Section 333 of the 
Communications Act of 1934, as amended (Act), and Sections 97.101(d) and 97.119(a) of the 
Commission’s rules (Rules) by causing intentional interference to licensed radio operations and failing to 
transmit his assigned call sign in the Amateur Radio Service.
1
II. BACKGROUND
3. From April 7-9, 2014, in response to multiple complaints of interference, an agent from 
the Enforcement Bureau’s Detroit Office (Detroit Office) used mobile direction finding techniques in an 
attempt to identify the source of the radio transmissions.  The agent, working with a local amateur group 
which included Mr. Hicks, was unable to locate the source of the transmissions.  
4. On March 3, 2015, in response to continued complaints of interference, an agent from the 
Detroit Office returned to the Cincinnati area to again attempt to identify the source of the transmissions.  
This time the agent did not advise the local amateur radio group that he was in the area.  The agent used 
mobile direction finding techniques to locate the source of the transmissions to 4472 Forest Trail, 
Cincinnati, Ohio, the address of record for Mr. Hicks’ amateur station KB8UYZ.  The agent monitored the 
transmissions emanating from Mr. Hicks’ station for approximately one (1) hour and heard his station
transmit several prerecorded messages.  These transmissions prevented other amateur licensees from 
communicating over the frequency.  During the monitoring period, the agent did not hear Mr. Hicks 
transmit his assigned call sign.  The transmissions used the call sign of another licensee.
                                                          
1
47 U.S.C. §333, 47 C.F.R. §§ 97.101(d), 97.119(a).
Federal Communications Commission DA 15-932
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III. DISCUSSION
5. Section 503(b) of the Act provides that any person who willfully or repeatedly fails to 
comply substantially with the terms and conditions of any license, or willfully or repeatedly fails to comply 
with any of the provisions of the Act or of any rule, regulation, or order issued by the Commission 
thereunder, shall be liable for a forfeiture penalty.
2
  Section 312(f)(1) of the Act defines “willful” as the 
“conscious and deliberate commission or omission of [any] act, irrespective of any intent to violate” the law.
3
  
The legislative history to Section 312(f)(1) of the Act clarifies that this definition of willful applies to both 
Sections 312 and 503(b) of the Act,
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and the Commission has so interpreted the term in the Section 503(b) 
context.
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  The Commission may also assess a forfeiture for violations that are merely repeated, and not 
willful.
6
  The term “repeated” means the commission or omission of such act more than once or for more 
than one day.
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A. Causing Intentional Interference to Licensed Communications
6. We find that the evidence in this case is sufficient to establish that Mr. Hicks willfully and 
repeatedly violated Section 333 of the Act and Section 97.101(d) of the Rules.  Section 333 of the Act states 
that “[n]o person shall willfully or maliciously interfere with or cause interference to any radio 
communications of any stations licensed or authorized by or under the Act or operated by the United States 
Government.”
8
  The legislative history for Section 333 of the Act identifies willful and malicious 
interference as “intentional jamming, deliberate transmission on top of the transmissions of authorized 
users already using specific frequencies in order to obstruct their communications, repeated interruptions, 
and the use and transmission of whistles, tapes, records, or other types of noisemaking devices to interfere 
with the communications or radio signals of other stations.”
9
  Section 97.101(d) of the Rules states that 
“[n]o amateur operator shall willfully or maliciously interfere with or cause interference to any radio 
communication or signal.”
10
                                                          
2
47 U.S.C. § 503(b).
3
47 U.S.C. § 312(f)(1).
4
H.R. Rep. No. 97-765, 97
th
Cong. 2d Sess. 51 (1982) (“This provision [inserted in Section 312] defines the terms 
‘willful’ and ‘repeated’ for purposes of section 312, and for any other relevant section of the act (e.g., Section 503)   
. . . .  As defined[,] . . . ‘willful’ means that the licensee knew that he was doing the act in question, regardless of 
whether there was an intent to violate the law.”).
5
See, e.g., Southern California Broadcasting Co., Memorandum Opinion and Order, 6 FCC Rcd 4387, 4388, para. 5 
(1991), recons. denied, 7 FCC Rcd 3454 (1992).
6
See, e.g., Callais Cablevision, Inc., Notice of Apparent Liability for Monetary Forfeiture, 16 FCC Rcd 1359, 1362, 
para. 10 (2001) (Callais Cablevision, Inc.) (proposing a forfeiture for, inter alia, a cable television operator’s 
repeated signal leakage).
7
Section 312(f)(2) of the Act, 47 U.S.C. § 312(f)(2), which also applies to violations for which forfeitures are 
assessed under Section 503(b) of the Act, provides that “[t]he term ‘repeated’, when used with reference to the 
commission or omission of any act, means the commission or omission of such act more than once or, if such 
commission or omission is continuous, for more than one day.”  See Callais Cablevision, Inc., 16 FCC Rcd at 1362, 
para. 9.
8
47 U.S.C. § 333.
9
H.R. Rep. No. 101-316, at 8 (1989).  
10
47 C.F.R. § 97.101(d).  See 47 C.F.R. § 97.101(a) (stating that “each amateur radio station must be operated in 
accordance with good engineering and good amateur practice”). 
Federal Communications Commission DA 15-932
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7. On March 5, 2015, an agent from the Detroit Office located the source of interference to the 
address of record for Mr. Hicks’ amateur station, KB8UYZ.  The agent heard Mr. Hicks’ amateur radio 
station intentionally interfering with other amateur licensees by transmitting a prerecorded message and a 
false call sign.  These transmissions were a deliberate act to prevent other amateur radio operators from 
conducting legitimate communications.  Based on the evidence before us, we find that Mr. Hicks apparently 
and willfully violated Section 333 of the Act and Section 97.101(d) of the Rules by intentionally interfering 
with other licensed amateur radio communications.
B. Failure to Transmit a Legitimate Call Sign Identification
8. The evidence in this case also is sufficient to establish that Mr. Hicks violated Section 
97.119(a) of the Rules.  Section 97.119(a) of the Rules states that “[e]ach amateur station . . . must transmit 
its assigned call sign on its transmitting channel at the end of each communication, and at least every 10 
minutes during a communication, for the purpose of clearly making the source of the transmissions from the 
station known to those receiving the transmissions.”  Section 97.119(a) further states that “[n]o station may 
transmit  . . . any call sign not authorized to the station.”
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  On March 5, 2015, an agent from the Detroit 
Office monitored several frequencies for approximately one (1) hour and heard transmissions from Mr. 
Hicks’ station in which he failed to transmit his assigned call sign.  Instead, the transmissions were
identified with the call sign assigned to another amateur radio operator.   Based on the evidence before us, 
we find that Mr. Hicks apparently willfully violated Section 97.119(a) of the Rules by failing to transmit his 
assigned call sign.
C. Proposed Forfeiture
9. Pursuant to the Commission’s Forfeiture Policy Statement and Section 1.80 of the Rules, 
the base forfeiture amount for interference is $7,000 and the base forfeiture amount for failure to provide 
station identification is $1,000.
12
  We retain the discretion, however, to issue a higher or lower forfeiture 
than provided in the Forfeiture Policy Statement or to apply alternative or additional sanctions as permitted 
by statute, subject to the statutory cap.
13
  In assessing the monetary forfeiture amount, we must take into 
account the statutory factors set forth in Section 503(b)(2)(E) of the Act, which include the nature, 
circumstances, extent, and gravity of the violations, and with respect to the violator, the degree of 
culpability, any history of prior offenses, ability to pay, and other such matters as justice may require.
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10. Therefore, applying the Forfeiture Policy Statement, Section 1.80 of the Rules, and the 
statutory factors to the instant case, we conclude that Mr. Hicks is apparently liable for a forfeiture in the 
amount of eight thousand dollars ($8,000).  
IV. ORDERING CLAUSES
11. Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED that, pursuant to Section 503(b) of the Act and Sections 
0.111, 0.204, 0.311, 0.314, and 1.80 of the Rules, Daniel R. Hicks is hereby NOTIFIED of this 
APPARENT LIABILITY FOR A FORFEITURE in the amount of eight thousand dollars ($8,000) for 
                                                          
11
47 C.F.R. § 97.119(a).
12
The Commission’s Forfeiture Policy Statement and Amendment of Section 1.80 of the Rules to Incorporate the 
Forfeiture Guidelines, Report and Order, 12 FCC Rcd 17087 (1997) (Forfeiture Policy Statement), recons. denied, 
15 FCC Rcd 303 (1999); 47 C.F.R. § 1.80.
13
47 C.F.R. § 1.80(b)(8), Note (“The Commission and its staff retain the discretion to issue a higher or lower 
forfeiture than provided in the guidelines, to issue no forfeiture at all, or to apply alternative or additional sanctions 
as permitted by statute.”).
14
47 U.S.C. § 503(b)(2)(E).
Federal Communications Commission DA 15-932
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willful and repeated violations of Section 333 of the Act and Sections 97.101(d), and 97.119(a) of the 
Rules.
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12. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that, pursuant to Section 1.80 of the Rules, within thirty 
(30) calendar days of the release date of this Notice of Apparent Liability for Forfeiture, Daniel R. Hicks 
SHALL PAY the full amount of the proposed forfeiture or SHALL FILE a written statement seeking 
reduction or cancellation of the proposed forfeiture.
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13. Payment of the forfeiture must be made by check or similar instrument, wire transfer, or 
credit card, and must include the NAL/Account Number and FRN referenced above.  Daniel R. Hicks 
shall also send electronic notification on the date said payment is made to NER-Response@fcc.gov.  
Regardless of the form of payment, a completed FCC Form 159 (Remittance Advice) must be 
submitted.
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  When completing the FCC Form 159, enter the Account Number in block number 23A (call 
sign/other ID) and enter the letters “FORF” in block number 24A (payment type code).  Below are 
additional instructions that should be followed based on the form of payment selected:
? Payment by check or money order must be made payable to the order of the Federal 
Communications Commission. Such payments (along with the completed Form 159) must be 
mailed to Federal Communications Commission, P.O. Box 979088, St. Louis, MO 63197-9000, 
or sent via overnight mail to U.S. Bank – Government Lockbox #979088, SL-MO-C2-GL, 1005 
Convention Plaza, St. Louis, MO 63101.  
? Payment by wire transfer must be made to ABA Number 021030004, receiving bank 
TREAS/NYC, and Account Number 27000001. To complete the wire transfer and ensure 
appropriate crediting of the wired funds, a completed Form 159 must be faxed to U.S. Bank at 
(314) 418-4232 on the same business day the wire transfer is initiated.  
? Payment by credit card must be made by providing the required credit card information on FCC 
Form 159 and signing and dating the Form 159 to authorize the credit card payment.  The 
completed Form 159 must then be mailed to Federal Communications Commission, P.O. Box 
979088, St. Louis, MO 63197-9000, or sent via overnight mail to U.S. Bank – Government 
Lockbox #979088, SL-MO-C2-GL, 1005 Convention Plaza, St. Louis, MO 63101.
14. Any request for making full payment over time under an installment plan should be sent 
to: Chief Financial Officer—Financial Operations, Federal Communications Commission, 445 12th 
Street, S.W., Room 1-A625, Washington, D.C. 20554.
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  Questions regarding payment procedures should 
be directed to the Financial Operations Group Help Desk by phone, 1-877-480-3201, or by e-mail, 
ARINQUIRIES@fcc.gov.  
15. The written statement seeking reduction or cancellation of the proposed forfeiture, if any, 
must include a detailed factual statement supported by appropriate documentation and affidavits pursuant 
to Sections 1.16 and 1.80(f)(3) of the Rules.
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  Mail the written statement to Federal Communications 
Commission, Enforcement Bureau, Northeast Region, Detroit Office, 24897 Hathaway Street, Farmington 
                                                          
15
47 U.S.C. §§ 333, 503(b); 47 C.F.R. §§ 0.111, 0.204, 0.311, 0.314, 1.80, 97.101(d), and 97.119(a).
16
47 C.F.R. § 1.80.
17
An FCC Form 159 and detailed instructions for completing the form may be obtained at 
http://www.fcc.gov/Forms/Form159/159.pdf.
18
See 47 C.F.R. § 1.1914.
19
47 C.F.R. §§ 1.16, 1.80(f)(3).
Federal Communications Commission DA 15-932
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Hills, Michigan 48335, and include the NAL/Acct. No. referenced in the caption.  The statement must also
be e-mailed to NER-Response@fcc.gov.
16. The Commission will not consider reducing or canceling a forfeiture in response to a claim 
of inability to pay unless the petitioner submits: (1) federal tax returns for the most recent three-year period; 
(2) financial statements prepared according to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP); or (3) 
some other reliable and objective documentation that accurately reflects the petitioner’s current financial 
status.  Any claim of inability to pay must specifically identify the basis for the claim by reference to the 
financial documentation submitted.
17. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that a copy of this Notice of Apparent Liability for 
Forfeiture shall be sent by first class mail and certified mail, return receipt requested, to Daniel R. Hicks at 
his address of record.  
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
James Bridgewater
District Director 
Detroit Office
Northeast Region
Enforcement Bureau