6 - 1 6. Subscribership and Penetration The number and percentage of households that have telephone service represent the most fundamental measures of the extent of universal service. Continuing analysis of telephone penetration statistics allows us to examine the aggregate effects of Commission actions on households' decisions to maintain, acquire or drop telephone service. This section presents comprehensive data on telephone penetration statistics from the Current Population Survey (CPS) collected by the Bureau of the Census under contract with the Federal Communications Commission. 1 Along with telephone penetration statistics for the United States and each of the states from November 1983 to March 2006, data are provided on penetration based on various demographic characteristics. This section also presents historical data from the decennial census and the American Community Survey (ACS) collected by the Bureau of the Census. This section also updates information on telephone penetration by income by state. 2 This information is designed to help evaluate the degree of success of making telephone service available to low-income households in each state. The most widely used measure of telephone subscribership is the percentage of households with telephone service, sometimes called a measure of telephone penetration. Prior to 1980, precise measurements of telephone subscribership received little attention. Historical estimates of telephone penetration were based on a comparison of the number of residential main stations to the number of households or housing units. Measures of penetration based on the number of residential lines, however, became subject to a large margin of error as more and more households added second telephone lines and more consumers acquired second homes. By 1980, the traditional measure of penetration (residential lines divided by the number of households) reached 96%, while the proportion of households reporting that they had telephones in the 1980 census was 92.9%. Recognizing the need for more precise periodic measurements of subscribership, the Commission requested that the Census Bureau include questions on telephone availability as part of its CPS, which monitors demographic trends between the decennial censuses. This survey is a staggered panel survey in which the people residing at particular addresses are included in the survey for four consecutive months in one year and the same four months in the following year. Use 1 This information was included in Industry Analysis and Technology Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Federal Communications Commission, Telephone Subscribership in the United States (May 12, 2006). That report is updated three times a year. 2 This information was included in Industry Analysis and Technology Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Federal Communications Commission, Telephone Penetration by Income by State (May 12, 2006). That report contains information on the number of households in each state as well as the percentages reported here. However, the percentages reported here may differ slightly from those in that report because this report reflects changes in the weights of individual household observations that were released by the CPS on August 29, 2006. 6 - 2 of the CPS has several advantages: it is conducted every month by an independent and expert agency; the sample is large; and the questions are consistent. Thus, changes in the results can be compared over time with a reasonable degree of confidence. In the 1980 decennial census, the question "Do you have a telephone?" was added to the long-form questionnaire. The same question was used in 1990. With the telephone companies no longer owning the telephone instruments beginning in 1984, it is possible for someone to have a telephone but not have service. Therefore, the question was changed in 2000 to avoid the possible bias from having a phone but no service. In the 2000 decennial census, the question was changed to “Is there telephone service available in this [housing unit] from which you can both make and receive calls?” The question also allows for the possibility of the substitution of wireless service for wireline service. Beginning in 2001 the Census Bureau introduced the ACS, which was designed to replace the long form of the decennial census. Unfortunately, the results of the CPS cannot be directly compared with the penetration figures contained in the 1980, 1990, and 2000 decennial censuses or the ACS. This is due to differences in sampling techniques and survey methodologies, and because of differences in the context in which the questions were asked. Also, the CPS uses households as the basis of measurement, while the decennial census and the ACS use occupied housing units instead. For example, the 2000 decennial census reported 97.6% of all occupied housing units in the United States had telephone service available, whereas the CPS data showed a penetration rate of 94.6% of households for March 2000. This difference is statistically significant and appears to indicate that the CPS value may be on the low side and the decennial census value may be on the high side, with the most probable value lying somewhere in between. The decennial census data have the advantage of using much larger samples than the CPS because they are based on a sample of one-in-six households that filled out the Census Bureau’s long form. This makes it possible to look at long-run trends for small minority groups. For example, statistics from the 2000 census estimated that 67.9% of all American Indian households living on federally recognized reservations and trust lands had telephone service, as compared with 46.6% estimated from the 1990 census. 3 The specific questions asked in the CPS are: "Does this house, apartment, or mobile home have telephone service from which you can both make and receive calls? Please include cell phones, regular phones, and any other type of telephone." 4 And, if the answer to the first question 3 For more information, see the report Industry Analysis and Technology Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Federal Communications Commission, Telephone Subscribership on American Indian Reservations and Off-Reservation Trust Lands (May 5, 2003). 4 The questions are intended to be neutral as to whether the household has wireline or wireless phones. Through November 2004, this question had been worded: "Is there a telephone in this house/apartment?" Because of the increasing number of households that have wireless only, there was some concern that some of these households may not think of their cell phones when asked if they have a telephone. Consequently, beginning in 6 - 3 is "no," this is followed up with, "Is there a telephone elsewhere on which people in this household can be called?" If the answer to the first question is "yes," the household is counted as having a telephone "in unit." If the answer to either the first or second question is "yes," the household is counted as having a telephone "available." The “in unit” data and the “available” data are reported in Tables 6.9 through 6.13 and 6.15 through 6.19, and Charts 6.1 and 6.8. All of the remaining tables and charts of this section just report the “in unit” data. Although the survey is conducted every month, not all questions are asked every month. The telephone questions are asked once every four months: in the month that a household is first included in the sample and in the month that the household reenters the sample a year later. Since the sample is staggered, the reported information for any given month actually reflects responses over the preceding four months. Aggregated summaries of the responses are reported to the Commission, based on the surveys conducted through March, July, and November of each year. The CPS later provides the Commission with the raw data files containing all of the responses to all of the questions on the CPS questionnaires in those months. 5 The CPS data are based on a nationwide sample of about 50 to 60 thousand households in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. (The CPS does not cover outlying areas that are not states, such as Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands.) Because a sample is used, the estimates are subject to sampling error. For the nationwide totals, changes in telephone penetration between consecutive reports of less than 0.4% may be due to sampling error and cannot be regarded as statistically significant. 6 As explained below, when comparing the same month in two consecutive years, changes of less than or equal to 0.3% are not statistically significant. When comparing annual averages, changes of less than or equal to 0.2% are not statistically significant. The annual averages are the average of the three surveys of the year in question. For individual states or other subgroups of the U.S. population, the amount of sampling variability is much greater, because the sample sizes are smaller. This will require larger changes to yield statistical significance at the same confidence level. The data in this section are not seasonally adjusted. After adjusting for the trend over time, there is an average increase of less than 0.2% among the reported months. All of the changes are below the threshold of statistical significance. December 2004, CPS changed its telephone question to the wording given above. It is possible that some of the drop in the penetration rate between November 2004 and March 2005 is for households who had a phone, but did not have service. 5 Tables 6.3 through 6.5, 6.11, and 6.17 of this section are derived from these raw data files. 6 The determination of the statistical significance of a change over time is discussed below. The critical value is dependent on the sizes of the samples from which the change is computed and by the confidence level, which is 95% here. 6 - 4 Once a year, in March, the CPS supplements its survey with additional questions, which include detailed information about income, and augments its sample with about 2,500 additional Hispanic households. Starting in 2001, the sample was further augmented with about 20,000 additional households with children. 7 The more detailed information from the March surveys makes it possible to adjust the income categories for inflation, and therefore make the purchasing power within each category stable over time. In the July and November surveys, only broad income categories are reported. (These are the categories that appear in Table 6.8.) The Commission's Lifeline support mechanism was instituted in 1985 to help low-income households afford the monthly cost of telephone service. Under the federal Lifeline support mechanism, telephone companies offer reduced rates to qualifying households and receive reimbursement from the federal universal service support mechanisms. Initially, Lifeline was available only in those states that chose to participate by providing matching assistance. Effective in 1998, the federal Lifeline support mechanism was revised so that a basic level of assistance would be provided in all states. 8 Additional federal support is also provided wherever a state chooses to provide matching assistance, at a rate of $1 in federal support for each $2 of state matching support, up to a maximum of $1.75 federal support (corresponding to $3.50 of state matching support). States may provide further support without further matching federal assistance. Results and Statistical Analysis Census Bureau figures for March 2006 show that the percentage of households subscribing to telephone service is 92.8%. This figure is up 0.4% from March 2004. This increase is statistically significant. The average penetration rate for the year 2005 was 93.1%, which is down 0.7% from the 2004 average. This decrease is also statistically significant. This section includes figures showing subscribership percentages by state, by the head of the household's age and race, by household size, by income, and for adult individuals by labor force status. The March 2006 data show that 93.7% of adult individuals in the civilian non- institutionalized population have a telephone in their household. This is up 0.5% from March 2005. This increase is statistically significant. The average penetration rate for 2004 was 93.8% for adult individuals, which is down 0.9% from the 2003 average. This decrease is also statistically significant. 7 The responses from the additional Hispanic households and households with children are not included in Tables 6.1, 6.3, and 6.7 through 6.11. Thus, in some cases, there may be small discrepancies between the percentages in those tables and the percentages in Tables 6.4 through 6.6 and 6.12. 8 The basic federal Lifeline support level is the subscriber line charge plus $1.75 per line per month. Eligible subscribers living on tribal lands may receive up to $25 additional Lifeline support as needed to bring their monthly rate down to $1. 6 - 5 This section contains twenty tables and nine charts presenting penetration statistics for various geographic and demographic characteristics. The charts and the first eight tables present summaries of the available information. Tables 6.9 through 6.14 present more detailed information. In Tables 6.9 through 6.13, only the annual averages are included for the years 1984 through 2003. March, July, and November data for those years are available in previous Monitoring Reports in CC Docket Nos. 87-339 or 98-202. Tables 6.15 through 6.20 provide information necessary to determine the statistical significance of changes in the penetration rates over time. Table 6.1 summarizes the CPS telephone penetration data for the United States, combining information on the number of households with the penetration rates. Chart 6.1 graphically depicts the nationwide penetration rates for households over time using annual average CPS data. Table 6.2 shows the historical estimates for the United States based on AT&T data through 1970, the decennial censuses for 1980 through 2000, and the ACS for 2001 through 2004. Further information from the ACS is shown in Tables 6.3 and 6.4. Table 6.3 shows characteristics including housing unit tenure, age of the householder, and race and ethnicity of the householder and Table 6.4 shows state data. Table 6.5 summarizes the CPS telephone penetration rates by state, showing the average rates for 1984 and 2005, the change between those two years, and an indication as to whether the change is statistically significant. The statistical significance of a change is determined not only by the magnitude of that change, but also by the sizes of the samples used to estimate the change. Chart 6.2 depicts the states with average 2005 penetration rates (as shown in Table 6.5) more than 1% below the national average, within 1% of the national average, or more than 1% above the national average. Chart 6.3 depicts changes in household penetration rates by state (as shown in Table 6.5) between the average 1984 and 2005 rates. States with statistically significant increases or decreases are shown, along with other states with increases or decreases. Chart 6.4 depicts the relationship between telephone penetration and household income, using average 2005 penetration rates for all households and for households headed by white, black, and Hispanic persons. 9 It is based on data in Table 6.10. 9 The CPS includes three racial categories: white, black, and other. Others, which include Native Americans, Asians, and Pacific Islanders, are not reported separately because of small sample sizes, but they are included in the totals. Hispanics are reported as an ethnic group, and can be of any race. 6 - 6 Chart 6.5 depicts the relationship between telephone penetration and household size, using average 2005 penetration rates for all households and for households headed by white, black, and Hispanic persons. It is based on data in Table 6.11. Chart 6.6 depicts the relationship between telephone penetration and the head of the household's age, using average 2005 penetration rates for all households and for households headed by white, black, and Hispanic persons. It is based on data in Table 6.12. Chart 6.7 depicts the relationship between telephone penetration and labor force status for civilian non-institutionalized adults, using average 2005 penetration rates for all adults and for white, black, and Hispanic adults. It is based on data in Table 6.13. Chart 6.8 graphically depicts the nationwide penetration rates for civilian non- institutionalized adults over time using annual average data. It is also based on data in Table 6.13. Chart 6.9 shows the telephone penetration rates in March of each year through 2005 for each of five income categories, adjusted for inflation, for the entire United States. It is based on data in Table 6.14. The income categories (expressed in March 1984 dollars) are: $9,999 or less; $10,000 - $19,999; $20,000 - $29,999; $30,000 - $39,999; and $40,000 or more. These categories were chosen because they are of approximately equal size, both in terms of income ranges and the number of households in each category. The upper limit of the lowest category is also approximately equal to the federal poverty line for a family of four. Between 1984 and 2005, there was a statistically significant increase in the penetration rate for all households. There also was a statistically significant increase in penetration rates in the lowest income category over this time period. 10 For the next to lowest income category, there was a small and not significant increase from 1984 to 2005. For the three highest income categories there were significant decreases in the penetration rate between 1984 and 2005. Not all of the increases in the national total penetration rate can be explained by increases in real income, because real income increases are reflected in the movement of households between categories. Thus, penetration changes within each income category represent changes holding real income constant. To help evaluate the effect of the federal Lifeline support mechanism, Table 6.6 focuses on changes in telephone penetration rates from just before the program was established to just before it was substantially expanded in 1998, by comparing penetration rates for states with and without state Lifeline programs prior to 1998. 11 Briefly, penetration rate increases were greater, 10 See footnote 16 for the critical values for these significance tests. 11 The expanded program was adopted in 1997, and took effect on January 1, 1998. States with Lifeline programs prior to 1998 are identified in Table 6.8 by showing that the year that Lifeline began was before 1998. Prior to the expansion, states participating in the federal Lifeline program were required to match the federal support with their own state support. 6 - 7 on average, in states with Lifeline programs than in states without Lifeline programs. 12 The effect is especially apparent for low-income households, 13 which are the households primarily affected by the federal and state Lifeline programs. Between March 1984 and March 1997, the increase in the average penetration rate in states with Lifeline programs was 6.5% for low- income households. During this period, the increase in subscribership among low-income households in those states that adopted Lifeline programs was double that of states that did not adopt such programs, although there may have been other factors besides Lifeline that contributed to this result. Information on all households is also included in Table 6.6. Overall penetration rates are more generally available and more commonly cited as measures of penetration than are rates only for low-income households. Penetration rate increases were again greater, on average, in states that established Lifeline programs. The increase for states with Lifeline programs was statistically significant, 14 but the increase for states without state Lifeline programs was not. States that adopted Lifeline programs before 1998 generally had lower penetration rates in 1984 than those that did not adopt such programs. By 1997, the difference in the penetration rates for the two groups diminished significantly. Table 6.7 focuses on the change in penetration rates between March 1997 (before the expansion of the federal Lifeline program) and March 2005. The states are divided into three groups: • “Full or High Assistance” states providing at least $2 of state support to get federal matching support of at least $1 per line per month; • “Intermediate Assistance” states providing between $1 and $2 of state support, and receiving between $0.50 and $1 federal matching support per line per month; • “Basic or Low Assistance” states providing less than $1 of state support, and receiving less than $0.50 federal matching support per line per month. 12 The averages for the groups of states were computed as weighted averages of the states in the groups, using the total number of households in each state as weights. This was calculated as the total number of households with telephone service in each group of states divided by the total number of households in that group. 13 Low-income households are those with incomes under $10,000 expressed in 1984 dollars, which is equivalent to $18,840 in 2005 dollars. 14 See the paragraph describing Tables 6.15 through 6.19 for a discussion of the determination of the statistical significance of a change over time. The critical value is dependent on the sizes of the samples from which the change is computed. 6 - 8 On average, for low-income households in those states where full or high assistance is provided, telephone penetration increased by 1.1%, between March 1997 and March 2005. This increase is statistically significant. In this group of states there was a statistically significant decrease of 1.0% in the overall penetration rate for all households. For states with intermediate assistance, there was an increase of 0.5% in the low-income penetration rate and a significant decrease of 2.0% in overall penetration. For states with basic or low assistance, the average penetration for low-income households decreased significantly by 2.4% and the average penetration for all households decreased significantly by 2.7%. Data on individual states are provided in Table 6.8. The support amounts shown in Table 6.8 are the average state support plus federal matching support for all lifeline subscribers in March 2005. They do not include state support in excess of the $3.50 limit that is eligible for federal matching support. 15 Thus, they range from zero to a maximum of $5.25. Table 6.9 shows the CPS penetration rates for the United States and for each state beginning with November 1983. Because the CPS began collecting this data only in 1983, comparable values are not available prior to November 1983. For each of the surveys, the column headed "Unit" indicates the percentage of households for which there is a telephone in the housing unit. The column headed "Avail." indicates the percentage of households which have telephone service available for incoming calls, either in the housing unit or elsewhere (such as at work or at a neighbor’s home). Table 6.10 shows the nationwide penetration rates for households by income and the race of the head of the household. It shows a strong relationship between income and penetration. Caution should be used in comparing these figures over time, because these income levels are not adjusted for inflation. Thus, the same nominal income level at two points in time will reflect different real incomes in terms of purchasing power. Also, the income categories have changed over time due to the changing value of the dollar. Consequently, when evaluating penetration changes by income levels over time, Table 6.14 should be used. Table 6.11 shows the nationwide penetration rates for households by the size of the household and the race of the householder. It shows that penetration is higher for households of 2 to 5 people than it is for single-person households or those with 6 or more people. Table 6.12 shows the nationwide penetration rates for households by the age and race of the head of the household. It shows that the penetration rate is lowest for young and non-white households. 15 Any state support over $3.50 per line is not matched by further federal support. The federal support includes half of the state support up to the $3.50 limit. Thus the maximum federal matching support is $1.75 per line per month. 6 - 9 Table 6.13 shows the nationwide penetration rates for all persons that are at least 15 years old in the civilian non-institutionalized population by their race and employment status. Since this table is for individual adults rather than households, the total penetration rates are different from those in the previous tables. It shows that penetration is lowest among the unemployed. Table 6.14 shows the penetration rates for each of the income categories, adjusted for inflation, shown in Chart 6.9, for each state for March of each year. The table shows only five categories, rather than the more numerous categories of the nationwide data in Table 6.10, because the small sample sizes caused by a larger number of categories would result in unreliably large sampling variability for the individual states. The relative levels of the March Consumer Price Index for all items (as reported in Table 7.4) were used to make the inflation adjustment. Thus, for example, $10,000 in March 1984 dollars had the same purchasing power as $18,840 in March 2005 dollars. The precise current dollar values in each year are reported at the end of Table 6.14. Tables 6.15 through 6.19 present the critical values at the 95% confidence level for testing the statistical significance of changes in penetration rates over time in the earlier tables. These critical values are relevant because changes less than or equal to the values shown are likely to be due to sampling error, and thus cannot be regarded as demonstrating that a change in telephone penetration has occurred. In some cases, these critical values are very large because the sample sizes are very small for these subcategories, rendering the changes in estimated penetration rates unreliable. Because there is an overlap of half of the sample from year to year, but no overlap in the sample between surveys that are four months apart, annual changes are less subject to variations in sampling error. Consequently, the critical values should be multiplied by 0.8 when making a comparison for the same month in two consecutive years. When comparing the annual averages, the critical values should be multiplied by 0.5774, since these averages are based on three surveys, and hence have a lower standard error. When comparing annual averages of two consecutive years, the critical values should be multiplied by .46, taking into account both of the above factors. Table 6.20 shows the sample sizes on which the estimates of Table 6.14 are based. The sampling variability is inversely related to the square root of the sample size. The critical values for individual income categories in Table 6.14 can therefore be estimated by taking the critical value for the state "In Unit" total and multiplying it by the square root of the ratio of the sample size for the state total to the sample size for the income category. In most cases, the critical value for an individual income category will be between two and three times the critical value for the state total. 16 In some cases, these critical values are very large because the sample sizes are very small for these subcategories, thereby rendering the estimated penetration rates unreliable. 16 For example, using this methodology to calculate critical values for comparing the 1984 and 2005 values for the United States Total, the critical values are 0.8% for the $10,000 - $19,999 and the $40,000 or more categories, 0.9% for the $9,999 or less and $20,000 - $29,999 categories, and 1.1% for the $30,000 - $39,999 category. These compare with 0.4% for all households. Households Percentage Households Percentage with with without without Date Households Telephones Telephones Telephones Telephones (millions) (millions) (millions) November 1983 85.8 78.4 91.4% 7.4 8.6% March 1984 86.0 78.9 91.8% 7.1 8.2% July 1984 86.6 79.3 91.6% 7.3 8.4% November 1984 87.4 79.9 91.4% 7.5 8.6% March 1985 87.4 80.2 91.8% 7.2 8.2% July 1985 88.2 81.0 91.8% 7.2 8.2% November 1985 88.8 81.6 91.9% 7.2 8.1% March 1986 89.0 82.1 92.2% 6.9 7.8% July 1986 89.5 82.5 92.2% 7.0 7.8% November 1986 89.9 83.1 92.4% 6.8 7.6% March 1987 90.2 83.4 92.5% 6.8 7.5% July 1987 90.7 83.7 92.3% 7.0 7.7% November 1987 91.3 84.3 92.3% 7.0 7.7% March 1988 91.8 85.3 92.9% 6.5 7.1% July 1988 92.4 85.7 92.8% 6.7 7.2% November 1988 92.6 85.7 92.5% 6.9 7.5% March 1989 93.6 87.0 93.0% 6.6 7.0% July 1989 93.8 87.5 93.3% 6.3 6.7% November 1989 93.9 87.3 93.0% 6.6 7.0% March 1990 94.2 87.9 93.3% 6.3 6.7% July 1990 94.8 88.4 93.3% 6.4 6.7% November 1990 94.7 88.4 93.3% 6.3 6.7% March 1991 95.3 89.2 93.6% 6.1 6.4% July 1991 95.5 89.1 93.3% 6.4 6.7% November 1991 95.7 89.4 93.4% 6.3 6.6% March 1992 96.6 90.7 93.9% 5.9 6.1% July 1992 96.6 90.6 93.8% 6.0 6.2% November 1992 97.0 91.0 93.8% 6.0 6.2% March 1993 97.3 91.6 94.2% 5.7 5.8% July 1993 97.9 92.2 94.2% 5.7 5.8% November 1993 98.8 93.0 94.2% 5.8 5.8% March 1994 98.1 92.1 93.9% 6.0 6.1% July 1994 98.6 92.4 93.7% 6.2 6.3% November 1994 99.8 93.7 93.8% 6.2 6.2% March 1995 99.9 93.8 93.9% 6.1 6.1% July 1995 100.0 94.0 94.0% 6.0 6.0% November 1995 100.4 94.2 93.9% 6.2 6.1% March 1996 100.6 94.4 93.8% 6.2 6.2% July 1996 101.2 95.0 93.9% 6.1 6.1% November 1996 101.3 95.1 93.9% 6.2 6.1% March 1997 102.0 95.8 93.9% 6.2 6.1% July 1997 102.3 96.1 93.9% 6.2 6.1% November 1997 102.8 96.5 93.8% 6.3 6.2% March 1998 103.4 97.4 94.1% 6.1 5.9% July 1998 103.4 97.3 94.1% 6.1 5.9% November 1998 104.1 98.0 94.2% 6.1 5.8% March 1999 104.8 98.5 94.0% 6.3 6.0% July 1999 105.1 99.2 94.4% 5.9 5.6% November 1999 105.4 99.1 94.1% 6.3 5.9% March 2000 105.3 99.6 94.6% 5.7 5.4% July 2000 105.8 99.8 94.4% 5.9 5.6% November 2000 106.5 100.2 94.1% 6.3 5.9% March 2001 107.0 101.1 94.6% 5.8 5.4% July 2001 106.9 101.7 95.1% 5.2 4.9% November 2001 107.7 102.2 94.9% 5.5 5.1% March 2002 108.3 103.4 95.5% 4.8 4.5% July 2002 108.5 103.2 95.1% 5.3 4.9% November 2002 109.0 104.0 95.3% 5.1 4.7% March 2003 112.1 107.1 95.5% 5.0 4.5% July 2003 112.1 106.8 95.2% 5.3 4.8% November 2003 113.1 107.1 94.7% 6.0 5.3% March 2004 112.9 106.4 94.2% 6.5 5.8% July 2004 113.5 106.5 93.8% 7.1 6.2% November 2004 113.8 106.4 93.5% 7.4 6.5% March 2005 114.5 105.8 92.4% 8.7 7.6% July 2005 114.4 107.5 94.0% 6.8 6.0% November 2005 115.2 107.0 92.9% 8.2 7.1% March 2006 115.5 107.2 92.8% 8.4 7.2% Note: Details may not appear to add to totals due to rounding. Table 6.1 Household Telephone Subscribership in the United States 6 - 10 Chart 6.1 6 - 11 Telephone Penetration Households 85 88 91 94 97 100 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Year Per c ent with T e lephone In Housing Unit Available Year Percentage of Housing Units with Telephones 1920 35.0 % 1930 40.9 1940 36.9 1950 61.8 1960 78.3 1970 90.5 1980 92.9 1990 94.8 2000 97.6 2001 96.9 2002 96.6 2003 96.2 2004 95.7 Sources: Percentage data for 1920 to 1970 from the U.S. Census Bureau, Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970, Part 2, page 783. These data are AT&T estimates based on residential main stations. Percentage data for 1980 to 2000 from the decennial censuses. Percentage data for 2001 to 2004 from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey. Table 6.2 Historical Telephone Penetration Estimates 6 - 12 Characteristic Housing Unit Tenure Owner Occupied 98.8 % 98.7 % 98.5 % 98.3 % Renter Occupied 93.4 92.6 91.6 90.4 Age of Householder 15 - 34 94.5 93.6 92.0 90.2 35 - 64 97.3 97.2 97.1 96.7 65 + 98.7 98.6 98.7 98.7 Race of Householder White 97.6 97.3 96.9 96.3 Black or African American 93.6 93.0 93.0 92.3 American Indian or Alaska Native 89.1 89.5 87.8 89.6 Asian 98.4 98.0 97.5 96.9 Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islande 95.9 95.5 91.4 92.2 Other 94.6 95.1 93.9 93.3 Two or More Races 95.1 92.7 95.6 92.8 Ethnicity of Householder Hispanic or Latino 94.2 93.9 93.4 92.6 Total United States 96.9 % 96.6 % 96.2 % 95.7 % Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey. 20022001 Table 6.3 Telephone Penetration by Selected Characteristics (Percentage of Housing Units with Telephone Service) 20042003 6 - 13 State Alabama 95.2 % 95.3 % 95.1 % 94.5 % Alaska 96.6 97.9 96.7 97.6 Arizona 95.8 95.6 95.0 95.2 Arkansas 94.7 94.3 92.5 91.0 California 98.0 98.3 98.3 97.9 Colorado 98.5 97.4 97.0 96.5 Connecticut 98.8 98.7 98.2 98.3 Delaware 98.2 98.2 97.7 97.9 District of Columbia 97.1 97.5 96.9 96.1 Florida 97.0 96.6 96.3 95.5 Georgia 95.6 95.5 95.0 94.1 Hawaii 97.9 97.0 96.3 95.2 Idaho 96.2 97.4 96.3 95.7 Illinois 95.9 95.7 95.4 94.7 Indiana 95.4 94.7 93.7 93.4 Iowa 97.6 97.4 96.6 95.6 Kansas 96.9 96.3 95.8 95.7 Kentucky 96.0 94.8 95.0 93.3 Louisiana 95.3 95.4 94.7 92.9 Maine 98.8 98.2 98.4 97.7 Maryland 97.7 97.5 97.5 97.0 Massachusetts 98.5 98.6 98.5 97.9 Michigan 96.4 95.5 95.1 94.4 Minnesota 98.7 98.2 98.5 97.4 Mississippi 93.3 93.4 92.8 91.4 Missouri 96.6 96.7 96.3 96.1 Montana 97.1 96.9 96.5 95.1 Nebraska 97.2 96.4 95.6 94.8 Nevada 95.2 95.3 94.4 95.2 New Hampshire 98.7 98.5 98.1 98.2 New Jersey 98.0 97.7 97.6 96.9 New Mexico 92.9 90.7 93.0 94.4 New York 97.2 96.9 96.8 96.5 North Carolina 96.5 95.6 94.1 94.5 North Dakota 97.8 97.3 96.8 95.9 Ohio 97.7 96.7 97.1 96.2 Oklahoma 95.7 93.9 94.7 93.7 Oregon 98.0 97.1 96.9 96.0 Pennsylvania 97.8 98.0 97.5 97.2 Rhode Island 98.3 97.8 97.7 96.8 South Carolina 96.0 94.7 94.7 93.6 South Dakota 97.6 96.8 96.1 95.8 Tennessee 96.8 96.3 95.1 95.2 Texas 95.9 95.4 94.3 93.7 Utah 97.4 97.7 97.5 97.4 Vermont 98.1 98.1 97.7 97.6 Virginia 97.3 97.0 97.0 95.8 Washington 97.5 97.8 97.0 96.5 West Virginia 95.1 95.9 94.8 94.0 Wisconsin 97.9 97.5 96.3 95.5 Wyoming 95.1 94.9 94.5 94.4 Total United States 96.9 % 96.6 % 96.2 % 95.7 % Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey. 20022001 Table 6.4 Telephone Penetration by State (Percentage of Housing Units with Telephone Service) 20042003 6 - 14 Table 6.5 Telephone Penetration by State (Annual Average Percentage of Households with Telephone Service) State 1984 2005 Change Alabama 88.4 % 91.6 % 3.2 % * Alaska 86.5 95.2 8.7 * Arizona 86.9 92.9 6.0 * Arkansas 86.6 87.9 1.3 California 92.5 95.4 3.0 * Colorado 93.2 95.1 1.8 * Connecticut 95.5 93.9 -1.6 # Delaware 94.3 91.5 -2.7 # District of Columbia 94.9 92.2 -2.7 # Florida 88.7 91.8 3.1 * Georgia 86.2 89.8 3.6 * Hawaii 93.5 94.8 1.3 Idaho 90.7 94.8 4.1 * Illinois 94.2 89.6 -4.6 # Indiana 91.6 90.8 -0.8 Iowa 96.2 95.4 -0.8 Kansas 94.3 94.3 0.0 Kentucky 88.1 91.3 3.1 * Louisiana 89.7 91.8 2.2 * Maine 93.4 95.7 2.3 * Maryland 95.7 94.0 -1.7 # Massachusetts 95.9 94.5 -1.4 # Michigan 92.8 92.6 -0.2 Minnesota 95.8 96.2 0.4 Mississippi 82.4 89.5 7.1 * Missouri 91.5 94.2 2.7 * Montana 91.0 93.0 2.0 * Nebraska 95.7 94.3 -1.4 # Nevada 90.4 91.2 0.8 New Hampshire 94.3 95.8 1.5 New Jersey 94.8 93.8 -1.0 New Mexico 82.0 91.2 9.2 * New York 91.8 92.1 0.3 North Carolina 88.3 92.8 4.5 * North Dakota 94.6 96.3 1.7 * Ohio 92.4 94.1 1.6 * Oklahoma 90.3 89.2 -1.1 Oregon 90.6 95.7 5.1 * Pennsylvania 94.9 95.6 0.7 Rhode Island 93.6 95.3 1.7 South Carolina 83.7 93.1 9.5 * South Dakota 93.2 95.9 2.7 * Tennessee 88.5 92.3 3.8 * Texas 88.4 91.1 2.7 * Utah 92.5 96.9 4.4 * Vermont 92.3 95.6 3.3 * Virginia 93.1 93.2 0.2 Washington 93.0 96.9 3.9 * West Virginia 87.7 92.6 4.9 * Wisconsin 95.2 94.8 -0.4 Wyoming 89.9 94.8 4.9 * Total United States 91.6 % 93.1 % 1.5 % * * Increase is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. # Decrease is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. Differences may not appear to equal changes due to rounding. 6 - 15 Chart 6.2 6 - 16 92.0% or less 92.1% - 94.1% 94.2% or more Average 2005 Telephone Penetration Chart 6.3 6 - 17 Significant Decrease Decrease Increase Significant Increase 1984 - 2005 Penetration Changes Chart 6.4 6 - 18 Telephone Penetration by Income Level 2005 Annual Average 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 UNDER $5,000 $5,000 - $7,499 $7,500 - $9,999 $10,000 - $12,499 $12,500 - $14,999 $15,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $24,999 $25,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $34,999 $35,000 - $39,999 $40,000 - $49,999 $50,000 - $59,999 $60,000 - $74,999 $75,000 - $99,999 $100,000 - $149,999 $150,000 + Income Per c ent of H ousehol ds Total White Black Hispanic Chart 6.5 * Chart 6.6 Chart 6.7 6 - 19 Telephone Penetration by Household Size 2005 Annual Average 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6+ Persons in Household P e r c ent of Hous eholds Telephone Penetration by Householder's Age 2005 Annual Average 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 15-24 25-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-99 Householder's Age P e r c ent of Hous eholds Telephone Penetration by Labor Force Status 2005 Annual Average 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 Total CNP Employed Unemployed Not in Labor Force Labor Force Status P e r c ent of A dult s Total White Black Hispanic Chart 6.8 6 - 20 Telephone Penetration Civilian Noninstitutionalized Adults 85 88 91 94 97 100 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Year Per c ent with T e lephone In Housing Unit Available Chart 6.9 6 - 21 Telephone Penetration Rates by Income Annual Household Income in 1984 Dollars 75 80 85 90 95 100 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Year T e lephone Penetr a tion Per c entage $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.6 Low-Income Households # All Households Change Change Lifeline Category March 1984 March 1997 Change per Year March 1984 March 1997 Change per Year With Assistance 79.3% 85.8% 6.5% * 0.50% 91.5% 93.9% 2.4% * 0.18% Without Assistance 83.6% 86.9% 3.3% * 0.25% 93.3% 94.4% 1.0% 0.08% Average All States 80.1% 86.0% 5.9% * 0.45% 91.8% 94.0% 2.1% * 0.16% # Households with income under $10,000 expressed in March 1984 dollars. * Change is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. Note: Changes may not appear to be the same as calculated differences due to rounding. Low-Income Households # All Households Change Change Lifeline Category March 1997 March 2005 Change per Year March 1997 March 2005 Change per Year Full or High Assistance 85.3% 86.4% 1.1% * 0.14% 93.5% 92.4% -1.0% * -0.13% Intermediate Assistance 87.9% 88.4% 0.5% 0.06% 95.9% 93.9% -2.0% * -0.25% Basic or Low Assistance 87.6% 85.3% -2.4% * -0.30% 94.7% 92.0% -2.7% * -0.33% Average All States 86.0% 86.4% 0.4% 0.05% 94.0% 92.5% -1.5% * -0.18% # Households with income under $10,000 expressed in March 1984 dollars. * Change is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. Note: Changes may not appear to be the same as calculated differences due to rounding. Comparison of Penetration Rates for States With and Without Lifeline Assistance Table 6.7 Comparison of Penetration Rates for States by Level of Lifeline Assistance 6 - 22 Table 6.8 Comparison of Penetration Rates for States by Level of Lifeline Assistance Avg. $ State Support Plus Year Federal Match Lifeline per Line Change Change Change Change State Began March 2005 March 1984 March 1997 March 2005 March 1984 March 1997 March 2005 Alabama 1995 5.22 77.4% 78.0% 80.7% 0.6% 2.7% 89.0% 91.3% 90.2% 2.2% -1.0% Alaska 1994 4.85 61.5% 74.1% 87.3% 12.6% * 13.2% * 85.9% 94.3% 95.3% 8.4% * 1.0% Arizona 1987 4.14 73.6% 82.4% 85.3% 8.9% 2.9% 90.0% 90.3% 92.7% 0.3% 2.4% Arkansas 1986 1.06 78.3% 78.8% 80.0% 0.5% 1.3% 87.2% 88.7% 87.8% 1.5% -1.0% California 1985 3.68 82.9% 87.7% 90.4% 4.7% * 2.7% * 92.6% 94.0% 94.8% 1.4% 0.8% Colorado 1986 5.24 86.9% 88.0% 88.7% 1.2% 0.7% 94.6% 96.5% 94.4% 1.9% -2.1% # Connecticut 1993 1.77 80.5% 85.9% 85.8% 5.4% 0.0% 94.7% 95.6% 93.0% 1.0% -2.7% # Delaware 1998 0.00 87.3% 94.4% 87.8% 7.1% -6.6% 95.5% 95.2% 91.1% -0.3% -4.1% # District of Columbia 1987 5.25 92.5% 81.1% 83.4% -11.4% # 2.3% 95.9% 91.4% 91.1% -4.5% -0.3% Florida 1994 5.24 80.2% 84.4% 85.4% 4.1% * 1.0% 89.9% 92.1% 91.3% 2.2% * -0.8% Georgia 1991 5.07 69.1% 81.6% 83.1% 12.5% * 1.4% 85.9% 90.4% 90.1% 4.5% * -0.3% Hawaii 1987 0.00 76.1% 89.9% 92.4% 13.8% * 2.5% 94.0% 94.9% 95.0% 0.9% 0.1% Idaho 1987 5.24 78.4% 87.9% 90.0% 9.4% * 2.1% 90.6% 95.0% 94.4% 4.4% * -0.5% Illinois 1998 0.00 87.8% 83.2% 81.6% -4.6% -1.6% 95.6% 93.5% 89.6% -2.0% -3.9% # Indiana 1998 0.00 80.4% 91.6% 83.3% 11.2% * -8.4% # 92.0% 94.3% 91.3% 2.2% -2.9% Iowa 1998 0.01 89.7% 87.7% 92.2% -2.0% 4.5% 95.8% 96.1% 96.3% 0.3% 0.2% Kansas 1998 5.25 86.5% 87.0% 86.4% 0.4% -0.6% 94.5% 94.9% 94.1% 0.4% -0.7% Kentucky 1998 3.51 72.1% 87.7% 85.4% 15.6% * -2.3% 87.1% 93.1% 90.6% 6.0% * -2.5% Louisiana 1998 0.00 80.9% 81.7% 80.8% 0.8% -0.9% 89.6% 91.2% 89.9% 1.6% -1.3% Maine 1987 5.25 83.1% 90.5% 91.2% 7.4% * 0.7% 94.3% 93.7% 95.4% -0.6% 1.7% Maryland 1987 5.25 87.0% 85.9% 83.1% -1.1% -2.8% 96.2% 95.3% 93.1% -0.9% -2.2% Massachusetts 1990 5.25 88.2% 91.7% 90.3% 3.5% -1.4% 95.7% 95.9% 93.8% 0.2% -2.1% Michigan 1989 2.98 80.9% 86.0% 84.5% 5.1% * -1.5% 93.3% 94.9% 91.7% 1.6% -3.2% # Minnesota 1988 2.31 85.2% 91.7% 92.0% 6.5% * 0.3% 95.9% 97.4% 95.6% 1.5% -1.8% Mississippi 1991 5.02 71.3% 76.6% 78.2% 5.3% 1.6% 81.9% 89.4% 87.1% 7.5% * -2.4% Missouri 1987 1.16 82.5% 95.2% 83.7% 12.7% * -11.5% # 92.2% 97.5% 92.3% 5.3% * -5.2% # Montana 1987 4.40 79.6% 86.3% 86.7% 6.7% * 0.4% 90.3% 94.1% 92.9% 3.8% * -1.2% Nebraska 1998 5.17 90.7% 92.8% 84.4% 2.2% -8.4% # 96.6% 97.0% 94.3% 0.4% -2.6% # Nevada 1988 4.42 78.4% 90.8% 86.8% 12.3% * -3.9% 93.0% 93.8% 90.4% 0.8% -3.4% New Hampshire 1998 0.00 82.2% 93.6% 91.0% 11.4% * -2.6% 94.8% 97.1% 95.5% 2.4% -1.6% New Jersey 1998 5.15 83.2% 88.6% 90.8% 5.4% 2.2% 93.6% 96.1% 94.1% 2.5% * -2.0% New Mexico 1987 4.97 61.8% 69.6% 82.9% 7.8% * 13.3% * 82.1% 86.0% 90.9% 3.9% * 4.8% * New York 1985 4.84 84.6% 87.5% 85.1% 6.0% * -2.4% 91.4% 94.5% 91.0% 3.1% * -3.5% # North Carolina 1986 5.24 73.5% 83.6% 86.4% 10.1% * 2.8% 89.0% 93.5% 91.9% 4.5% * -1.6% North Dakota 1990 2.77 85.2% 93.6% 88.5% 8.5% * -5.1% # 93.9% 96.2% 95.4% 2.3% * -0.8% † Households with income under $10,000 expressed in March 1984 dollars. * Increase is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. # Decrease is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. Note: Changes may not appear to be the same as calculated differences due to rounding. Low-Income Households † All Households 1984 to 1997 1997 to 20051984 to 1997 1997 to 2005 6 - 23 Table 6.8 Comparison of Penetration Rates for States by Level of Lifeline Assistance Avg. $ State Support Plus Year Federal Match Lifeline per Line Change Change Change Change State Began March 2005 March 1984 March 1997 March 2005 March 1984 March 1997 March 2005 Low-Income Households † All Households 1984 to 1997 1997 to 20051984 to 1997 1997 to 2005 Ohio 1987 4.96 81.0% 88.5% 86.7% 7.5% * -1.7% 93.2% 95.0% 93.6% 1.8% -1.4% Oklahoma 1996 0.83 81.9% 78.9% 84.6% -3.0% 5.7% 91.0% 91.8% 90.5% 0.7% -1.3% Oregon 1986 5.21 76.4% 90.5% 92.7% 14.1% * 2.2% 91.4% 95.3% 94.4% 3.9% * -0.9% Pennsylvania 1996 1.41 85.6% 93.6% 91.3% 8.0% * -2.3% 94.4% 97.3% 94.9% 3.0% * -2.4% # Rhode Island 1987 5.07 86.4% 87.6% 88.7% 1.2% 1.1% 94.0% 94.6% 94.0% 0.5% -0.6% South Carolina 1995 5.23 66.1% 76.2% 87.1% 10.1% * 10.9% * 85.1% 92.0% 94.1% 6.9% * 2.1% South Dakota 1988 0.04 84.6% 90.5% 87.4% 5.9% -3.1% 93.0% 94.7% 95.3% 1.7% 0.6% Tennessee 1992 4.67 71.1% 89.3% 90.1% 18.2% * 0.8% 87.1% 94.1% 91.5% 7.1% * -2.7% Texas 1988 5.14 74.0% 79.6% 83.9% 5.6% * 4.2% * 88.4% 91.0% 90.4% 2.6% * -0.6% Utah 1987 5.24 81.5% 98.3% 88.2% 16.8% * -10.2% # 92.4% 97.5% 97.0% 5.1% * -0.5% Vermont 1986 5.25 75.3% 84.6% 95.2% 9.3% * 10.6% * 91.5% 93.9% 96.1% 2.4% 2.2% Virginia 1988 4.88 80.4% 84.7% 85.1% 4.3% 0.4% 93.2% 93.6% 91.3% 0.5% -2.3% Washington 1987 2.88 82.7% 89.0% 93.0% 6.3% * 4.0% 92.9% 96.1% 96.2% 3.2% * 0.1% West Virginia 1986 4.12 75.7% 83.8% 84.9% 8.1% * 1.1% 87.3% 93.6% 91.4% 6.3% * -2.1% Wisconsin 1991 1.84 88.4% 87.8% 90.7% -0.6% 2.9% 96.0% 96.4% 94.4% 0.4% -1.9% Wyoming 1991 5.10 74.2% 89.5% 88.5% 15.2% * -1.0% 89.2% 94.9% 94.5% 5.7% * -0.4% † Households with income under $10,000 expressed in March 1984 dollars. * Increase is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. # Decrease is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. Note: Changes may not appear to be the same as calculated differences due to rounding. 6 - 24 Table 6.9 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 91.4 93.7 91.6 93.7 91.8 93.9 92.3 94.1 ALABAMA 87.9 90.2 88.4 90.5 89.1 91.0 88.7 90.4 ALASKA 83.8 88.8 86.5 89.0 87.1 89.5 86.4 88.9 ARIZONA 88.8 90.7 86.9 89.4 87.3 89.6 89.4 90.9 ARKANSAS 88.2 91.4 86.6 90.6 85.9 89.9 86.4 90.4 CALIFORNIA 91.7 93.5 92.5 93.8 92.9 94.1 93.0 94.0 COLORADO 94.4 96.5 93.2 95.4 94.3 96.2 94.1 96.0 CONNECTICUT 95.5 98.4 95.5 97.0 96.2 97.6 97.0 97.9 DELAWARE 95.0 96.6 94.3 95.7 94.8 96.2 94.7 96.3 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 94.7 95.6 94.9 96.3 93.6 95.2 92.2 94.0 FLORIDA 85.5 89.9 88.7 91.3 89.6 91.7 90.0 92.5 GEORGIA 88.9 92.1 86.2 89.1 87.6 89.7 88.4 91.0 HAWAII 94.6 96.4 93.5 94.9 93.0 95.0 92.2 94.4 IDAHO 89.5 92.2 90.7 91.7 91.8 93.1 91.5 93.1 ILLINOIS 95.0 95.9 94.2 95.8 93.7 95.3 93.6 95.2 INDIANA 90.3 93.5 91.6 93.6 92.3 94.7 92.2 94.3 IOWA 95.4 97.2 96.2 97.4 95.1 96.4 95.7 96.5 KANSAS 94.9 96.7 94.3 95.8 94.4 96.4 94.6 96.1 KENTUCKY 86.9 90.9 88.1 91.0 87.4 91.1 86.2 90.6 LOUISIANA 88.9 93.3 89.7 92.7 90.3 93.6 88.7 91.9 MAINE 90.7 93.1 93.4 95.3 94.0 95.6 93.4 95.4 MARYLAND 96.3 96.7 95.7 96.5 95.5 96.7 95.7 96.7 MASSACHUSETTS 94.3 95.9 95.9 96.9 95.2 96.3 96.4 97.1 MICHIGAN 93.8 94.9 92.8 94.5 92.9 94.2 93.4 94.5 MINNESOTA 96.4 97.5 95.8 97.1 96.4 97.4 96.2 97.2 MISSISSIPPI 82.4 89.1 82.4 87.5 80.9 87.6 80.1 87.3 MISSOURI 92.1 94.1 91.5 93.7 92.5 94.8 93.4 94.9 MONTANA 92.8 94.5 91.0 94.0 91.4 93.9 90.9 93.7 NEBRASKA 94.0 95.3 95.7 96.8 95.3 96.6 95.6 96.8 NEVADA 89.4 91.9 90.4 92.8 91.8 93.8 92.4 93.7 NEW HAMPSHIRE 95.0 96.9 94.3 95.8 93.2 94.6 94.0 95.0 NEW JERSEY 94.1 95.1 94.8 96.1 94.9 96.2 94.9 96.1 NEW MEXICO 85.3 90.9 82.0 87.0 84.1 88.2 85.1 89.1 NEW YORK 90.8 92.2 91.8 93.6 92.1 93.6 93.2 94.3 NORTH CAROLINA 89.3 92.9 88.3 91.9 89.4 92.4 90.2 92.5 NORTH DAKOTA 95.1 97.3 94.6 96.8 95.3 96.7 96.1 97.0 OHIO 92.2 93.9 92.4 94.4 92.2 94.5 93.1 94.4 OKLAHOMA 91.5 93.7 90.3 92.5 88.8 91.7 90.4 93.0 OREGON 91.2 93.5 90.6 92.3 90.3 92.1 92.7 94.3 PENNSYLVANIA 95.1 97.1 94.9 96.5 95.3 96.6 96.3 97.4 RHODE ISLAND 93.3 94.6 93.6 94.6 94.0 95.1 95.9 96.8 SOUTH CAROLINA 81.8 84.9 83.7 87.7 86.8 90.5 86.3 90.6 SOUTH DAKOTA 92.7 95.0 93.2 94.9 92.6 94.5 92.6 94.2 TENNESSEE 87.6 92.6 88.5 92.0 89.3 92.6 89.6 93.6 TEXAS 89.0 92.6 88.4 91.6 88.1 91.6 88.9 91.9 UTAH 90.3 92.2 92.5 94.2 93.9 95.1 93.0 93.9 VERMONT 92.7 94.3 92.3 94.0 92.9 94.1 93.8 95.6 VIRGINIA 93.1 94.7 93.1 95.1 91.7 93.8 92.1 94.1 WASHINGTON 92.5 93.7 93.0 94.4 94.7 96.2 94.6 96.3 WEST VIRGINIA 88.1 91.1 87.7 91.8 87.6 91.7 88.2 91.9 WISCONSIN 94.8 96.1 95.2 96.6 94.1 95.4 95.1 95.9 WYOMING 89.7 93.3 89.9 92.8 93.4 94.9 92.1 95.1 1983 1984 1985 1986 NOVEMBER ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE 6 - 25 Table 6.9 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 92.4 94.2 92.7 94.5 93.1 94.9 93.3 95.0 ALABAMA 87.5 89.6 87.3 89.6 89.0 91.3 89.5 91.1 ALASKA 87.8 90.2 87.6 89.9 86.8 89.9 89.3 92.6 ARIZONA 88.6 90.7 90.6 92.3 91.6 93.2 93.0 95.1 ARKANSAS 86.3 90.7 86.1 90.2 87.5 91.0 88.7 91.9 CALIFORNIA 93.8 95.0 94.4 95.5 94.9 96.0 94.6 95.5 COLORADO 92.9 95.5 93.8 95.4 94.6 96.0 94.7 96.3 CONNECTICUT 97.0 98.0 96.3 98.9 98.1 98.5 97.1 97.7 DELAWARE 96.5 97.3 97.0 97.9 96.6 97.5 96.0 97.1 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 92.4 94.2 94.6 95.9 92.7 94.8 91.4 93.2 FLORIDA 91.7 93.8 92.7 94.5 92.9 94.5 93.0 94.9 GEORGIA 88.7 91.3 90.1 92.4 90.2 92.9 90.9 93.4 HAWAII 94.2 96.6 94.5 96.3 95.1 96.9 95.3 96.8 IDAHO 91.1 92.5 92.2 93.3 92.5 93.6 92.8 94.1 ILLINOIS 93.7 95.2 94.2 95.6 93.9 95.4 94.3 95.7 INDIANA 91.2 93.2 92.3 94.9 93.2 95.9 92.8 95.9 IOWA 95.1 96.3 95.4 96.9 96.3 97.5 96.1 96.9 KANSAS 95.2 96.6 94.4 95.7 94.4 95.8 95.4 96.5 KENTUCKY 86.5 90.6 87.5 90.9 88.9 92.7 89.1 93.3 LOUISIANA 87.5 90.8 87.3 91.1 88.6 91.3 89.4 92.0 MAINE 93.5 95.2 94.2 95.9 95.3 96.4 95.7 97.6 MARYLAND 95.4 96.6 95.9 97.2 95.0 96.6 95.4 96.7 MASSACHUSETTS 96.4 97.0 96.9 97.3 97.1 97.8 96.6 97.4 MICHIGAN 93.7 94.8 93.9 95.0 93.7 94.9 94.1 95.5 MINNESOTA 96.0 97.4 97.2 98.4 96.8 97.8 96.9 98.1 MISSISSIPPI 81.5 86.3 83.3 88.6 85.5 90.3 87.0 90.9 MISSOURI 93.0 95.3 93.5 95.6 91.0 93.4 92.0 95.3 MONTANA 90.9 93.9 91.7 94.2 91.7 94.3 92.0 94.2 NEBRASKA 94.6 96.1 95.4 96.1 95.2 96.3 96.2 97.1 NEVADA 92.4 93.7 92.4 93.4 92.7 93.3 92.6 93.6 NEW HAMPSHIRE 94.1 96.2 95.2 96.1 95.4 97.1 95.0 96.5 NEW JERSEY 95.0 96.3 94.4 95.9 94.8 96.1 94.7 95.9 NEW MEXICO 86.0 89.3 85.7 89.1 85.8 89.6 85.8 89.5 NEW YORK 92.7 94.2 92.4 94.0 92.3 94.0 91.1 92.8 NORTH CAROLINA 89.2 91.7 90.4 92.8 91.9 94.1 91.9 94.2 NORTH DAKOTA 96.8 97.4 96.8 97.5 97.0 98.0 97.0 97.9 OHIO 93.4 94.7 94.4 95.2 94.6 95.5 95.2 96.3 OKLAHOMA 88.7 91.8 88.9 91.6 88.2 91.2 89.5 92.7 OREGON 93.3 94.8 92.0 93.5 92.3 93.9 94.5 95.9 PENNSYLVANIA 96.4 97.3 96.2 97.1 97.0 97.5 96.9 97.6 RHODE ISLAND 95.2 96.3 95.4 96.5 95.4 96.3 95.6 96.5 SOUTH CAROLINA 87.7 90.6 88.5 91.4 87.8 90.8 90.2 93.2 SOUTH DAKOTA 92.8 95.0 92.9 95.4 93.3 95.0 93.4 95.3 TENNESSEE 89.2 92.6 90.3 93.5 91.9 95.1 91.6 94.1 TEXAS 89.5 92.2 88.5 91.3 88.8 91.6 89.4 92.0 UTAH 92.3 94.6 92.5 94.5 95.9 96.5 95.6 96.3 VERMONT 95.3 96.9 95.6 96.8 93.9 95.7 94.9 96.9 VIRGINIA 92.5 94.6 92.9 95.5 93.2 95.7 93.0 94.9 WASHINGTON 94.3 96.4 94.3 95.7 96.4 97.3 97.1 97.7 WEST VIRGINIA 87.8 91.5 87.3 91.4 86.8 90.3 87.6 91.7 WISCONSIN 96.4 97.1 97.0 98.0 97.3 98.4 96.9 97.7 WYOMING 92.3 94.1 93.0 94.4 93.6 95.5 94.1 95.9 1987 1988 1989 1990 ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE 6 - 26 Table 6.9 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State 1992 1993 1994 Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 93.4 95.1 93.8 95.3 94.2 95.6 93.8 95.4 ALABAMA 91.4 93.3 90.8 93.2 91.9 94.3 91.3 94.3 ALASKA 90.8 93.5 91.7 94.4 89.9 93.8 91.8 94.6 ARIZONA 93.4 94.9 93.3 94.7 93.3 94.4 93.9 95.3 ARKANSAS 87.6 91.4 87.3 91.0 87.8 91.0 90.2 93.5 CALIFORNIA 95.0 95.9 95.6 96.5 95.8 96.7 94.8 95.7 COLORADO 95.4 97.0 95.5 96.3 96.1 96.5 96.7 97.7 CONNECTICUT 96.2 97.3 96.6 97.3 96.7 97.5 96.5 97.5 DELAWARE 96.4 97.5 96.5 97.8 96.5 96.8 95.5 97.1 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 90.9 92.6 88.7 90.5 90.2 91.7 90.0 91.2 FLORIDA 93.3 95.0 93.5 95.1 93.8 95.1 93.5 94.9 GEORGIA 89.9 91.7 90.2 91.9 93.2 94.2 91.1 93.2 HAWAII 95.1 96.4 95.3 96.8 94.4 96.3 94.3 96.1 IDAHO 92.0 93.6 93.0 94.7 94.4 95.7 94.7 96.2 ILLINOIS 93.8 95.6 93.8 95.5 93.6 95.3 93.6 95.2 INDIANA 92.2 94.6 91.9 93.2 93.7 95.1 93.6 94.8 IOWA 95.6 97.4 95.4 97.4 96.4 97.4 96.8 98.0 KANSAS 94.5 95.7 95.2 96.6 95.6 96.3 94.7 96.2 KENTUCKY 88.1 92.9 89.6 92.6 89.8 93.1 91.2 93.8 LOUISIANA 91.1 93.9 91.7 93.9 90.4 92.2 91.4 93.9 MAINE 94.4 96.6 93.2 95.3 96.0 98.1 96.0 97.8 MARYLAND 96.3 97.2 96.0 97.4 96.7 97.9 95.6 96.6 MASSACHUSETTS 96.4 97.4 96.8 97.5 96.9 97.9 96.5 97.1 MICHIGAN 94.1 95.5 94.4 95.5 95.6 96.5 95.0 96.6 MINNESOTA 97.1 97.9 96.7 98.1 96.1 97.3 95.6 97.2 MISSISSIPPI 86.0 90.9 86.3 90.4 87.2 90.6 88.6 92.5 MISSOURI 93.6 95.2 94.0 96.0 93.1 95.3 93.8 96.0 MONTANA 92.5 94.4 93.2 95.7 94.6 96.3 93.9 95.5 NEBRASKA 95.9 96.4 96.4 97.1 96.6 97.2 96.7 98.0 NEVADA 93.3 94.5 93.7 94.6 95.4 95.9 93.0 93.5 NEW HAMPSHIRE 96.2 97.5 95.4 96.4 96.0 96.9 96.4 97.3 NEW JERSEY 93.6 95.2 94.4 95.3 94.3 95.1 92.9 94.1 NEW MEXICO 87.1 89.9 88.4 90.9 90.2 93.3 88.3 91.2 NEW YORK 91.9 93.4 93.4 94.5 93.5 94.8 93.1 94.4 NORTH CAROLINA 91.8 94.2 92.5 94.5 92.7 94.6 92.6 95.2 NORTH DAKOTA 96.3 97.6 95.8 97.1 97.1 98.0 96.5 97.7 OHIO 94.5 95.8 94.6 95.6 94.9 96.0 94.8 96.0 OKLAHOMA 89.3 91.9 90.9 93.1 92.1 94.0 91.8 93.6 OREGON 94.7 95.4 93.9 94.7 94.8 95.7 96.1 97.0 PENNSYLVANIA 96.8 97.8 96.9 97.7 97.3 98.0 97.0 98.0 RHODE ISLAND 94.7 96.3 94.8 96.0 95.5 96.7 95.9 97.3 SOUTH CAROLINA 90.0 93.3 89.2 92.9 89.8 91.9 89.4 92.3 SOUTH DAKOTA 93.7 95.7 94.1 95.6 93.7 95.4 94.7 96.1 TENNESSEE 92.2 94.6 93.1 95.2 92.0 93.9 93.1 95.6 TEXAS 91.1 93.6 91.5 94.2 91.6 94.3 90.8 93.2 UTAH 96.2 97.0 95.9 96.5 96.0 96.8 95.7 97.1 VERMONT 94.4 96.5 94.2 95.6 94.6 95.9 94.6 96.3 VIRGINIA 92.6 94.7 94.8 96.4 94.3 95.9 94.8 96.7 WASHINGTON 96.8 97.3 96.0 96.9 96.8 98.0 96.0 97.2 WEST VIRGINIA 89.0 93.0 89.3 92.6 90.6 93.6 90.8 94.2 WISCONSIN 96.5 97.5 97.0 97.7 96.9 97.6 96.1 97.6 WYOMING 94.6 96.3 92.7 94.9 93.9 95.7 93.5 95.5 1991 ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE 6 - 27 Table 6.9 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State 1995 1996 1997 1998 Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 93.9 95.2 93.9 95.0 93.9 95.0 94.1 95.2 ALABAMA 92.2 94.0 92.2 93.9 92.3 93.6 93.3 94.4 ALASKA 93.6 95.6 94.4 95.4 94.5 96.4 94.0 96.0 ARIZONA 93.8 95.1 93.1 94.1 91.6 93.2 91.9 93.0 ARKANSAS 89.4 92.5 86.9 89.7 89.8 91.8 88.0 89.8 CALIFORNIA 94.5 95.3 95.0 95.6 94.3 94.9 95.2 95.9 COLORADO 96.6 97.2 95.5 96.4 95.9 97.3 95.0 96.0 CONNECTICUT 96.9 98.0 97.5 98.2 94.2 94.8 95.5 96.2 DELAWARE 96.2 96.8 96.1 97.1 95.7 96.7 96.7 97.0 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 90.9 92.3 93.0 94.2 90.8 92.3 91.0 92.3 FLORIDA 93.9 94.8 93.1 94.2 92.8 94.0 92.6 93.5 GEORGIA 90.0 91.8 89.7 91.1 92.0 93.0 91.4 92.5 HAWAII 94.7 96.0 94.8 95.9 94.5 95.6 95.4 96.3 IDAHO 95.1 96.1 92.9 94.3 94.0 94.7 93.3 94.2 ILLINOIS 93.6 95.0 93.0 94.2 92.2 93.7 92.8 93.9 INDIANA 94.4 95.9 93.7 95.1 93.8 95.1 94.4 95.7 IOWA 96.4 97.6 96.6 96.9 96.7 97.5 96.7 97.5 KANSAS 93.9 95.0 93.9 95.2 94.0 95.2 94.3 95.3 KENTUCKY 92.1 94.2 92.3 93.3 93.2 94.3 93.3 95.1 LOUISIANA 92.6 95.3 91.1 93.3 91.0 93.5 92.3 93.3 MAINE 95.7 96.9 96.5 97.8 96.1 97.3 96.9 97.9 MARYLAND 96.4 96.8 96.7 97.2 95.7 96.3 96.5 97.0 MASSACHUSETTS 95.9 96.7 95.7 96.7 95.4 96.3 94.5 95.4 MICHIGAN 95.2 96.0 95.0 95.6 94.3 95.2 95.0 96.0 MINNESOTA 97.3 98.1 97.1 98.0 96.9 98.0 97.8 98.3 MISSISSIPPI 86.5 91.1 87.5 91.6 89.2 93.2 89.5 92.0 MISSOURI 94.4 95.7 95.3 96.7 95.0 96.2 94.6 95.9 MONTANA 94.2 95.3 94.3 95.5 93.7 94.8 94.1 95.0 NEBRASKA 97.1 97.8 96.0 96.9 97.1 97.8 96.2 97.0 NEVADA 92.6 93.6 93.5 94.1 94.1 94.4 92.3 93.3 NEW HAMPSHIRE 96.2 97.2 96.1 96.9 96.5 97.4 95.5 96.6 NEW JERSEY 92.3 93.2 93.6 94.8 94.9 96.0 94.5 95.3 NEW MEXICO 86.4 88.8 86.2 88.6 88.1 90.8 88.2 91.3 NEW YORK 92.9 93.9 93.4 94.3 94.2 95.1 94.8 95.7 NORTH CAROLINA 93.4 95.1 93.5 95.1 93.1 94.2 93.1 94.0 NORTH DAKOTA 97.2 97.9 96.3 96.7 95.8 97.0 96.8 97.5 OHIO 94.0 95.0 94.5 95.6 94.6 95.3 95.6 96.3 OKLAHOMA 91.5 92.9 91.3 92.6 91.4 93.1 90.6 91.7 OREGON 96.4 96.9 96.0 96.8 95.6 96.3 96.0 97.2 PENNSYLVANIA 96.8 97.5 96.9 97.5 97.1 97.6 96.8 97.4 RHODE ISLAND 96.0 97.4 95.7 96.3 94.5 95.6 95.6 96.5 SOUTH CAROLINA 90.5 92.3 91.3 93.6 92.5 93.8 92.9 94.1 SOUTH DAKOTA 94.3 95.9 93.3 94.5 93.9 95.0 90.6 91.7 TENNESSEE 93.0 95.5 94.0 96.2 94.5 96.4 94.6 96.3 TEXAS 91.3 93.3 91.0 92.6 91.3 93.0 92.2 93.7 UTAH 97.6 97.9 96.7 97.0 96.9 97.7 97.1 97.7 VERMONT 96.5 98.0 95.9 97.7 95.1 96.7 95.2 96.1 VIRGINIA 95.9 97.3 94.9 96.1 94.5 95.7 93.9 94.6 WASHINGTON 95.7 96.6 94.5 95.5 95.9 96.9 95.2 95.9 WEST VIRGINIA 92.7 94.9 92.9 95.0 93.2 94.9 93.8 95.5 WISCONSIN 97.3 97.7 97.0 97.7 96.3 97.2 95.9 96.8 WYOMING 94.1 95.5 95.0 95.7 93.4 95.0 93.7 94.6 AVERAGE ANNUALANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE 6 - 28 Table 6.9 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State 1999 2000 2001 2002 Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 94.2 95.0 94.4 95.2 94.9 95.7 95.3 96.2 ALABAMA 91.5 93.0 91.9 93.3 92.8 94.0 92.2 93.2 ALASKA 94.6 96.5 94.3 96.9 96.0 97.1 96.4 97.9 ARIZONA 93.2 93.8 93.9 94.8 94.5 95.1 94.8 96.0 ARKANSAS 88.9 90.5 88.6 89.9 91.3 92.9 92.1 93.4 CALIFORNIA 95.7 96.2 95.8 96.4 96.6 97.0 97.0 97.4 COLORADO 96.7 97.2 96.3 96.7 96.7 97.3 97.2 97.7 CONNECTICUT 96.5 96.8 96.4 96.8 96.1 96.8 97.4 97.9 DELAWARE 95.7 96.9 96.3 97.1 96.2 96.9 96.8 97.3 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 92.4 93.5 93.2 94.1 94.5 95.5 94.0 95.6 FLORIDA 92.6 93.6 92.1 92.9 93.2 94.0 94.3 95.2 GEORGIA 92.1 93.2 91.1 92.5 92.4 93.4 94.0 94.8 HAWAII 96.3 97.1 94.7 95.3 95.7 96.6 96.8 97.7 IDAHO 93.8 94.6 93.9 94.8 94.5 95.6 95.0 96.1 ILLINOIS 91.8 93.0 91.5 92.3 92.5 93.4 92.8 93.7 INDIANA 93.8 95.2 94.5 95.3 93.9 95.0 93.4 94.5 IOWA 95.8 96.5 96.2 97.1 97.1 97.8 96.9 97.8 KANSAS 93.8 94.8 94.8 95.7 94.2 95.9 95.5 96.6 KENTUCKY 92.8 94.1 93.3 94.3 93.5 94.5 95.0 96.0 LOUISIANA 91.5 93.1 92.6 93.8 93.6 94.6 92.4 93.6 MAINE 97.2 97.9 97.9 98.3 97.8 98.5 97.9 98.7 MARYLAND 95.3 95.8 95.0 96.0 96.0 96.3 96.4 97.0 MASSACHUSETTS 95.4 96.0 94.6 95.5 95.6 96.1 96.9 97.5 MICHIGAN 94.2 94.9 95.0 95.6 94.7 95.6 94.3 94.9 MINNESOTA 96.9 97.3 97.4 97.8 97.5 97.8 97.7 98.3 MISSISSIPPI 88.0 91.2 89.2 92.0 89.9 92.6 91.4 93.3 MISSOURI 95.6 96.6 95.8 96.9 96.1 96.8 96.2 97.0 MONTANA 95.3 96.2 94.6 95.1 95.0 95.7 94.8 96.0 NEBRASKA 95.9 96.6 97.3 98.0 96.6 97.4 95.8 96.7 NEVADA 93.1 93.5 94.0 94.5 95.1 95.8 95.5 96.1 NEW HAMPSHIRE 97.0 97.6 97.7 98.3 98.3 98.6 97.2 97.7 NEW JERSEY 93.9 94.3 94.6 95.0 95.8 96.4 95.9 96.9 NEW MEXICO 89.8 91.4 91.2 92.7 92.2 93.6 91.8 93.9 NEW YORK 95.3 96.1 95.1 95.7 95.1 95.9 95.8 96.3 NORTH CAROLINA 93.9 94.8 93.9 95.0 93.6 94.7 94.3 95.2 NORTH DAKOTA 97.3 97.9 95.8 96.4 94.4 95.3 94.9 95.0 OHIO 94.7 95.6 94.8 95.8 96.0 96.7 95.9 96.9 OKLAHOMA 91.2 92.5 91.2 92.3 93.2 94.3 93.1 94.6 OREGON 95.2 96.1 94.8 95.6 95.6 96.5 97.2 97.7 PENNSYLVANIA 97.1 97.4 96.6 97.1 97.0 97.5 98.0 98.2 RHODE ISLAND 94.3 94.7 94.9 95.9 96.3 96.7 96.1 96.7 SOUTH CAROLINA 92.9 94.0 93.2 94.2 94.5 95.6 94.3 95.1 SOUTH DAKOTA 92.7 93.4 94.3 95.0 95.1 95.8 95.1 95.6 TENNESSEE 94.5 96.0 95.5 96.6 93.2 94.7 93.6 94.9 TEXAS 92.4 93.5 93.5 94.4 93.8 94.9 94.2 95.5 UTAH 95.6 96.5 95.9 96.5 96.6 96.9 96.7 97.6 VERMONT 95.3 96.7 95.6 96.2 97.2 97.8 97.6 98.1 VIRGINIA 93.2 94.1 95.4 96.0 94.7 95.3 96.2 96.8 WASHINGTON 95.9 96.4 94.9 96.0 96.0 96.9 96.4 97.2 WEST VIRGINIA 92.7 94.6 94.0 95.3 93.5 95.3 94.5 95.7 WISCONSIN 95.7 96.6 94.8 96.0 95.8 96.8 96.1 97.0 WYOMING 95.0 95.6 94.7 96.0 93.8 94.8 94.0 94.8 ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL ANNUAL AVERAGEAVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE 6 - 29 Table 6.9 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State 2003 2004 Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 95.1 96.0 94.2 95.1 93.8 94.7 93.5 94.6 ALABAMA 91.7 93.0 91.7 93.4 91.4 92.2 93.5 94.7 ALASKA 96.8 98.2 96.2 97.5 94.5 95.9 96.1 97.0 ARIZONA 95.2 96.1 93.4 93.7 92.8 94.4 89.3 90.0 ARKANSAS 91.0 92.3 88.8 91.0 87.1 89.8 89.9 91.7 CALIFORNIA 97.1 97.5 95.9 96.5 95.8 96.4 96.2 96.6 COLORADO 96.8 97.4 97.0 97.3 95.0 95.9 95.4 96.1 CONNECTICUT 96.8 97.9 98.1 98.4 94.3 95.6 94.0 94.8 DELAWARE 96.6 97.2 96.1 97.3 96.3 97.1 95.7 96.6 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 95.3 96.3 93.2 93.4 91.9 92.8 90.6 92.9 FLORIDA 94.6 95.3 93.7 94.7 93.3 94.6 93.2 94.5 GEORGIA 93.7 94.4 92.1 92.7 90.8 91.5 90.7 91.9 HAWAII 97.3 98.2 95.3 96.6 96.9 97.6 93.9 95.0 IDAHO 94.5 95.9 96.8 97.1 95.2 96.2 92.5 93.8 ILLINOIS 91.7 92.6 90.4 91.1 89.7 90.6 90.1 91.3 INDIANA 93.5 94.5 91.3 92.5 91.8 93.0 92.4 93.7 IOWA 96.8 97.5 95.2 96.9 95.0 95.9 96.1 97.0 KANSAS 95.9 97.0 94.0 95.3 95.2 96.3 95.1 96.4 KENTUCKY 94.6 95.5 90.8 92.4 91.9 92.9 91.5 93.3 LOUISIANA 93.2 94.3 90.5 91.6 90.7 92.3 91.6 93.0 MAINE 97.8 98.3 96.6 98.1 96.9 98.1 96.3 97.2 MARYLAND 97.7 98.1 94.3 95.1 92.2 93.3 93.7 94.2 MASSACHUSETTS 97.6 98.2 96.8 97.1 96.3 96.7 96.1 96.9 MICHIGAN 94.3 95.5 94.2 95.5 93.8 94.5 93.2 93.8 MINNESOTA 96.9 97.5 97.7 97.8 96.6 97.5 97.1 98.4 MISSISSIPPI 91.7 93.5 91.6 92.9 89.2 89.7 87.9 90.2 MISSOURI 95.9 96.5 93.9 94.5 92.0 93.8 95.1 96.0 MONTANA 93.2 94.3 93.6 94.7 92.8 93.6 94.0 95.0 NEBRASKA 96.0 96.5 94.8 96.2 96.5 97.2 95.7 97.0 NEVADA 94.5 95.1 93.8 94.3 90.9 91.4 91.9 92.9 NEW HAMPSHIRE 97.6 97.9 95.0 95.6 97.5 97.8 96.8 97.3 NEW JERSEY 96.3 97.2 96.1 96.7 94.3 95.3 94.8 95.6 NEW MEXICO 91.7 93.7 91.6 93.7 91.5 94.1 91.1 92.7 NEW YORK 95.2 95.8 95.0 95.7 94.3 95.0 94.2 94.9 NORTH CAROLINA 94.1 95.2 93.6 94.3 93.5 94.3 92.9 94.6 NORTH DAKOTA 94.1 94.9 94.5 94.7 94.4 95.4 96.0 97.0 OHIO 96.3 96.9 94.0 95.5 96.1 97.0 94.7 95.5 OKLAHOMA 91.6 92.7 93.8 94.2 88.7 92.2 90.4 93.0 OREGON 96.5 97.0 95.5 96.0 96.1 97.0 94.8 95.5 PENNSYLVANIA 97.0 97.5 96.2 96.5 95.6 96.1 94.9 95.7 RHODE ISLAND 96.9 97.4 95.5 96.0 96.0 96.5 94.4 94.8 SOUTH CAROLINA 93.2 94.9 94.2 95.1 93.3 95.4 92.8 95.9 SOUTH DAKOTA 94.1 95.0 92.9 93.8 92.1 92.9 95.8 96.5 TENNESSEE 94.2 95.4 93.6 94.5 94.0 94.4 90.9 93.2 TEXAS 93.6 94.8 92.5 93.9 92.8 94.0 90.2 92.3 UTAH 97.1 97.8 97.0 97.2 95.7 96.7 96.1 97.4 VERMONT 97.0 97.9 96.9 97.5 96.0 96.8 94.8 95.6 VIRGINIA 95.5 96.3 94.5 95.0 94.5 95.1 93.1 94.5 WASHINGTON 96.6 97.4 95.1 95.8 95.3 96.0 96.1 97.4 WEST VIRGINIA 94.3 95.8 94.7 95.9 92.6 94.5 92.2 93.2 WISCONSIN 96.1 96.8 96.2 96.9 95.9 96.3 94.3 95.7 WYOMING 93.8 95.0 95.8 96.5 94.6 95.3 95.1 96.4 JULY NOVEMBERMARCHAVERAGE ANNUAL 6 - 30 Table 6.9 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State 2004 2005 Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 93.8 94.8 92.4 93.7 94.0 95.1 92.9 94.1 ALABAMA 92.2 93.4 90.6 92.6 92.7 93.5 91.5 92.4 ALASKA 95.6 96.8 95.2 96.1 94.9 95.9 95.4 97.3 ARIZONA 91.8 92.7 93.0 93.8 92.2 93.5 93.5 94.3 ARKANSAS 88.6 90.8 87.7 90.4 87.4 91.0 88.5 90.2 CALIFORNIA 96.0 96.5 94.5 95.3 96.4 97.1 95.4 96.1 COLORADO 95.8 96.4 95.0 96.1 95.8 96.7 94.4 95.1 CONNECTICUT 95.5 96.3 92.7 94.5 95.2 95.9 93.8 94.5 DELAWARE 96.0 97.0 90.7 91.9 93.7 95.3 90.2 91.3 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 91.9 93.0 91.2 93.3 93.1 94.5 92.2 94.1 FLORIDA 93.4 94.6 91.6 93.6 93.0 94.0 90.9 92.6 GEORGIA 91.2 92.0 90.4 92.4 92.2 92.9 86.8 88.0 HAWAII 95.4 96.4 95.2 96.7 96.3 96.9 92.8 93.6 IDAHO 94.8 95.7 94.8 95.6 95.6 96.8 94.0 95.0 ILLINOIS 90.1 91.0 89.1 89.8 90.6 91.8 89.0 89.8 INDIANA 91.8 93.1 91.4 92.9 90.9 91.8 90.0 92.2 IOWA 95.4 96.6 96.3 97.0 95.6 96.2 94.4 95.2 KANSAS 94.8 96.0 93.5 94.5 95.5 96.6 93.9 95.6 KENTUCKY 91.4 92.9 90.1 91.6 92.7 94.7 91.0 92.7 LOUISIANA 90.9 92.3 89.8 91.3 92.6 94.4 93.1 94.9 MAINE 96.6 97.8 95.4 96.6 96.6 97.6 95.2 96.2 MARYLAND 93.4 94.2 93.5 94.1 95.6 96.5 92.8 93.6 MASSACHUSETTS 96.4 96.9 93.9 94.7 95.2 96.6 94.3 95.4 MICHIGAN 93.7 94.6 91.5 93.4 94.0 95.0 92.4 93.8 MINNESOTA 97.1 97.9 95.6 97.2 96.5 97.3 96.6 97.3 MISSISSIPPI 89.6 90.9 86.7 90.2 89.9 92.7 91.8 93.0 MISSOURI 93.7 94.8 92.1 94.4 95.2 96.2 95.3 96.2 MONTANA 93.5 94.4 93.3 95.1 94.1 95.4 91.6 94.2 NEBRASKA 95.7 96.8 94.5 96.0 94.8 96.5 93.6 96.3 NEVADA 92.2 92.9 90.0 91.5 93.1 93.6 90.5 91.2 NEW HAMPSHIRE 96.4 96.9 94.4 95.4 97.3 98.4 95.8 96.7 NEW JERSEY 95.1 95.9 93.9 95.0 94.7 95.9 92.7 94.2 NEW MEXICO 91.4 93.5 92.2 93.8 91.9 93.6 89.6 91.3 NEW YORK 94.5 95.2 91.3 92.5 92.7 94.1 92.3 94.1 NORTH CAROLINA 93.3 94.4 91.4 92.5 93.8 95.3 93.3 94.6 NORTH DAKOTA 95.0 95.7 95.2 95.6 97.5 97.7 96.3 97.7 OHIO 94.9 96.0 93.3 93.9 95.0 96.1 93.9 94.7 OKLAHOMA 91.0 93.1 90.3 92.2 89.1 90.9 88.2 90.4 OREGON 95.5 96.2 94.5 95.4 96.3 97.1 96.4 97.7 PENNSYLVANIA 95.6 96.1 94.3 94.9 96.7 97.5 95.7 96.7 RHODE ISLAND 95.3 95.8 93.9 94.8 95.7 96.2 96.3 96.9 SOUTH CAROLINA 93.4 95.5 93.2 94.8 94.8 96.1 91.4 93.2 SOUTH DAKOTA 93.6 94.4 94.7 95.8 96.8 97.4 96.1 96.6 TENNESSEE 92.8 94.0 90.5 92.2 93.8 94.7 92.5 93.1 TEXAS 91.8 93.4 90.2 91.8 92.2 93.6 90.8 92.1 UTAH 96.3 97.1 96.9 97.4 96.8 97.7 97.0 97.7 VERMONT 95.9 96.6 96.7 97.9 95.6 96.8 94.5 94.8 VIRGINIA 94.0 94.9 91.2 92.4 93.2 94.5 95.3 96.2 WASHINGTON 95.5 96.4 96.9 97.8 97.3 97.3 96.4 97.1 WEST VIRGINIA 93.2 94.5 91.5 92.5 93.3 95.0 92.9 94.7 WISCONSIN 95.5 96.3 94.2 94.8 95.1 96.1 95.1 95.4 WYOMING 94.6 95.3 94.0 95.4 96.2 96.6 94.2 95.4 AVERAGE JULY NOVEMBERMARCH ANNUAL 6 - 31 Table 6.9 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State 2005 2006 Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 93.1 94.3 92.8 93.9 ALABAMA 91.6 92.8 89.3 92.0 ALASKA 95.2 96.4 95.5 97.3 ARIZONA 92.9 93.9 91.2 92.4 ARKANSAS 87.9 90.5 90.6 92.3 CALIFORNIA 95.4 96.2 95.1 95.9 COLORADO 95.1 96.0 93.8 94.5 CONNECTICUT 93.9 95.0 94.9 95.6 DELAWARE 91.5 92.8 92.6 94.2 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 92.2 94.0 90.9 92.4 FLORIDA 91.8 93.4 92.1 93.5 GEORGIA 89.8 91.1 89.5 90.5 HAWAII 94.8 95.7 95.4 95.8 IDAHO 94.8 95.8 95.7 96.4 ILLINOIS 89.6 90.5 90.3 90.9 INDIANA 90.8 92.3 91.0 92.0 IOWA 95.4 96.1 96.3 97.0 KANSAS 94.3 95.6 94.4 95.2 KENTUCKY 91.3 93.0 89.5 91.2 LOUISIANA 91.8 93.5 93.0 94.5 MAINE 95.7 96.8 96.0 97.0 MARYLAND 94.0 94.7 95.0 96.3 MASSACHUSETTS 94.5 95.6 93.5 94.5 MICHIGAN 92.6 94.0 93.8 94.3 MINNESOTA 96.2 97.3 97.4 98.2 MISSISSIPPI 89.5 92.0 90.8 93.4 MISSOURI 94.2 95.6 92.8 94.6 MONTANA 93.0 94.9 92.9 94.4 NEBRASKA 94.3 96.3 92.9 95.8 NEVADA 91.2 92.1 92.6 93.3 NEW HAMPSHIRE 95.8 96.8 94.9 96.0 NEW JERSEY 93.8 95.0 93.4 94.5 NEW MEXICO 91.2 92.9 86.7 88.7 NEW YORK 92.1 93.6 89.5 90.8 NORTH CAROLINA 92.8 94.1 93.2 94.3 NORTH DAKOTA 96.3 97.0 95.4 96.9 OHIO 94.1 94.9 93.6 94.6 OKLAHOMA 89.2 91.2 90.4 92.9 OREGON 95.7 96.7 96.5 97.1 PENNSYLVANIA 95.6 96.4 94.8 95.5 RHODE ISLAND 95.3 96.0 94.5 95.6 SOUTH CAROLINA 93.1 94.7 92.9 93.6 SOUTH DAKOTA 95.9 96.6 95.6 96.9 TENNESSEE 92.3 93.3 92.6 93.5 TEXAS 91.1 92.5 90.1 92.0 UTAH 96.9 97.6 96.6 97.7 VERMONT 95.6 96.5 96.3 96.7 VIRGINIA 93.2 94.4 93.2 94.2 WASHINGTON 96.9 97.4 96.1 96.8 WEST VIRGINIA 92.6 94.1 93.4 94.2 WISCONSIN 94.8 95.4 93.7 94.4 WYOMING 94.8 95.8 94.5 95.3 MARCH ANNUAL AVERAGE 6 - 32 Table 6.10 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail NOVEMBER 1983 TOTAL 91.4 93.7 93.1 95.0 78.8 83.9 80.7 84.6 UNDER $5,000 71.7 78.4 75.7 81.9 62.7 70.4 58.3 64.6 $5,000 - $7,499 82.7 87.2 84.5 88.5 74.7 82.0 71.1 76.5 $7,500 - $9,999 88.2 90.9 89.6 92.2 80.5 83.9 72.6 77.9 $10,000 - $12,499 89.7 92.7 91.2 93.9 82.0 86.2 76.8 82.1 $12,500 - $14,999 92.1 94.6 93.4 95.2 82.5 90.7 89.8 91.7 $15,000 - $17,499 94.6 96.2 94.9 96.4 91.7 95.1 86.9 90.8 $17,500 - $19,999 95.7 97.4 96.1 97.7 91.4 95.0 88.4 91.5 $20,000 - $24,999 96.9 97.8 97.4 98.2 91.2 93.2 93.1 94.3 $25,000 - $29,999 98.0 98.9 98.2 99.0 96.1 97.2 98.3 99.0 $30,000 - $34,999 98.8 99.1 99.0 99.2 95.1 97.7 97.7 98.9 $35,000 - $39,999 99.0 99.5 99.1 99.5 98.4 98.4 92.1 98.2 $40,000 - $49,999 99.2 99.5 99.4 99.7 97.3 97.3 100.0 100.0 $50,000 - $74,999 99.4 99.7 99.5 99.7 98.5 100.0 99.6 100.0 $75,000 + 99.4 99.6 99.4 99.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1984 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 91.6 93.7 93.2 94.9 79.8 84.5 80.9 84.3 UNDER $5,000 71.2 77.5 74.5 80.4 63.2 70.5 55.1 62.3 $5,000 - $7,499 83.3 86.9 85.5 88.7 74.8 80.2 69.8 73.6 $7,500 - $9,999 86.5 89.6 88.3 91.0 77.2 82.7 75.0 79.7 $10,000 - $12,499 89.7 92.6 91.1 93.6 81.1 86.3 79.7 84.6 $12,500 - $14,999 92.1 94.4 93.0 95.0 85.4 89.5 87.3 90.5 $15,000 - $17,499 93.7 95.7 94.2 96.0 88.5 92.2 88.4 90.0 $17,500 - $19,999 95.1 96.4 95.6 96.7 91.7 94.4 91.0 92.8 $20,000 - $24,999 96.8 97.8 97.1 98.0 93.3 95.8 92.5 94.5 $25,000 - $29,999 98.1 98.8 98.4 98.9 95.1 97.2 96.4 97.2 $30,000 - $34,999 98.7 99.1 98.8 99.3 96.8 97.2 98.8 99.1 $35,000 - $39,999 99.2 99.5 99.3 99.6 97.7 98.3 98.2 98.5 $40,000 - $49,999 99.3 99.6 99.4 99.7 96.6 96.9 98.9 99.3 $50,000 - $74,999 99.4 99.8 99.5 99.8 98.0 98.4 100.0 100.0 $75,000 + 98.9 99.6 98.9 99.6 96.5 100.0 98.0 100.0 1985 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 91.8 93.9 93.3 95.0 81.1 85.2 81.3 84.4 UNDER $5,000 71.9 78.1 75.3 81.3 63.9 70.6 61.6 67.0 $5,000 - $7,499 82.7 86.5 84.8 88.1 74.0 79.8 66.6 71.3 $7,500 - $9,999 86.8 90.0 88.1 90.9 80.3 85.0 75.0 79.4 $10,000 - $12,499 89.6 92.2 90.8 93.2 82.3 86.0 80.4 82.8 $12,500 - $14,999 91.0 93.7 92.2 94.5 82.7 87.8 82.8 85.8 $15,000 - $17,499 93.4 95.6 94.2 96.2 88.2 91.8 85.7 88.6 $17,500 - $19,999 94.7 96.2 95.1 96.6 91.5 93.4 90.4 92.8 $20,000 - $24,999 96.3 97.5 96.5 97.6 94.4 96.3 91.3 93.7 $25,000 - $29,999 97.6 98.5 97.8 98.6 95.8 97.3 93.0 95.9 $30,000 - $34,999 98.6 99.0 98.7 99.1 97.3 98.4 97.3 97.3 $35,000 - $39,999 98.8 99.2 98.9 99.4 96.9 97.8 98.2 99.4 $40,000 - $49,999 99.1 99.4 99.1 99.4 97.8 98.2 97.5 98.2 $50,000 - $74,999 99.3 99.7 99.4 99.7 97.9 98.8 99.5 99.5 $75,000 + 99.2 99.5 99.2 99.5 97.6 97.6 98.5 98.5 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 33 Table 6.10 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1986 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 92.3 94.1 93.7 95.2 81.6 85.9 81.4 84.1 UNDER $5,000 71.6 77.4 74.9 80.1 63.9 71.0 57.5 62.9 $5,000 - $7,499 83.1 86.5 85.2 88.2 74.3 79.6 68.1 72.1 $7,500 - $9,999 86.9 90.2 88.4 91.1 78.6 85.2 72.9 75.8 $10,000 - $12,499 89.6 92.1 90.7 93.0 82.6 86.4 80.3 82.6 $12,500 - $14,999 91.2 93.8 91.9 94.4 86.4 90.3 83.9 87.8 $15,000 - $17,499 93.1 95.1 94.3 95.7 85.3 91.6 86.3 88.9 $17,500 - $19,999 94.9 96.3 95.3 96.7 92.2 94.2 87.2 90.1 $20,000 - $24,999 96.5 97.5 96.9 97.9 92.8 94.6 93.0 94.1 $25,000 - $29,999 97.7 98.4 98.0 98.7 94.5 95.9 93.9 95.2 $30,000 - $34,999 98.4 98.9 98.6 99.0 96.7 97.5 97.5 98.4 $35,000 - $39,999 98.9 99.3 99.0 99.4 97.6 97.9 98.1 99.3 $40,000 - $49,999 99.1 99.4 99.1 99.4 98.2 98.2 98.5 98.8 $50,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.8 99.6 99.8 99.4 99.4 99.4 99.7 $75,000 + 99.4 99.6 99.4 99.6 98.0 99.5 97.5 100.0 1987 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 92.4 94.2 93.8 95.4 81.8 85.9 83.0 85.4 UNDER $5,000 71.5 77.4 75.0 80.3 63.7 71.0 60.7 65.7 $5,000 - $7,499 83.4 86.7 85.5 88.4 74.8 80.2 69.9 72.4 $7,500 - $9,999 86.7 89.6 88.1 90.6 79.3 84.0 75.8 78.9 $10,000 - $12,499 89.5 92.3 90.4 93.1 83.2 87.5 81.0 84.1 $12,500 - $14,999 90.8 93.2 91.9 94.1 83.8 87.7 85.2 86.9 $15,000 - $17,499 92.6 94.9 93.5 95.5 86.9 90.8 85.6 88.7 $17,500 - $19,999 94.4 96.0 95.1 96.4 89.0 92.7 89.3 90.6 $20,000 - $24,999 96.4 97.6 96.8 97.9 93.5 95.1 93.1 94.9 $25,000 - $29,999 97.5 98.4 98.0 98.7 93.4 95.3 96.4 97.1 $30,000 - $34,999 98.1 98.9 98.3 99.0 96.1 97.2 96.9 97.7 $35,000 - $39,999 98.8 99.2 98.9 99.3 96.5 98.6 97.4 97.7 $40,000 - $49,999 99.4 99.7 99.5 99.7 98.7 98.7 99.7 99.8 $50,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 99.1 99.4 98.7 99.6 $75,000 + 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 98.5 99.6 98.6 100.0 1988 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 92.7 94.5 94.1 95.6 83.0 86.8 82.1 85.1 UNDER $5,000 72.0 78.4 74.9 80.8 65.8 73.2 58.5 64.5 $5,000 - $7,499 83.3 87.1 85.1 88.4 76.9 82.3 66.4 71.7 $7,500 - $9,999 85.6 88.7 87.2 90.3 77.7 81.4 67.3 72.8 $10,000 - $12,499 88.8 91.5 90.1 92.4 81.7 86.5 77.5 80.9 $12,500 - $14,999 91.3 93.7 92.2 94.4 85.1 88.8 81.5 84.5 $15,000 - $19,999 93.6 95.3 94.3 95.9 88.5 91.1 88.6 90.6 $20,000 - $24,999 96.2 97.4 96.5 97.6 93.5 95.7 91.1 93.1 $25,000 - $29,999 97.6 98.4 97.9 98.5 94.4 96.7 95.0 96.4 $30,000 - $34,999 98.4 99.0 98.7 99.2 95.4 96.7 98.6 99.0 $35,000 - $39,999 98.8 99.2 98.9 99.3 97.8 98.4 97.2 97.7 $40,000 - $49,999 99.3 99.6 99.4 99.7 97.3 98.5 98.7 99.7 $50,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.8 99.6 99.8 99.2 99.3 99.4 99.8 $75,000 + 99.5 99.9 99.4 99.9 100.0 100.0 97.8 100.0 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 34 Table 6.10 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1989 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.1 94.9 94.5 95.9 83.2 87.1 83.0 86.0 UNDER $5,000 74.4 80.4 78.1 83.2 65.6 73.5 62.1 67.3 $5,000 - $7,499 83.7 87.4 85.7 89.1 77.4 82.0 68.8 73.8 $7,500 - $9,999 86.6 89.8 88.5 91.3 78.4 83.6 75.9 80.2 $10,000 - $12,499 88.4 91.3 90.0 92.6 79.3 84.9 73.2 76.8 $12,500 - $14,999 91.3 93.7 92.4 94.5 84.5 88.8 79.2 83.7 $15,000 - $19,999 93.2 95.0 94.2 95.8 85.9 89.2 86.3 88.8 $20,000 - $24,999 95.9 97.2 96.4 97.5 91.6 94.3 92.0 94.4 $25,000 - $29,999 97.5 98.4 97.9 98.6 94.0 96.0 93.3 96.3 $30,000 - $34,999 98.3 98.8 98.5 98.9 96.1 97.0 95.6 96.2 $35,000 - $39,999 98.7 99.3 98.9 99.4 96.7 98.0 95.8 97.5 $40,000 - $49,999 99.1 99.5 99.2 99.6 97.2 97.7 97.0 98.2 $50,000 - $59,999 99.5 99.7 99.5 99.8 98.7 99.0 98.7 99.2 $60,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.7 99.5 99.7 99.3 99.3 95.7 96.8 $75,000 + 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.5 99.7 99.7 1990 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.3 95.0 94.6 96.1 83.5 87.0 82.7 85.3 UNDER $5,000 75.4 81.0 79.1 84.2 66.1 72.8 61.1 66.1 $5,000 - $7,499 82.6 86.8 84.9 88.8 74.9 80.1 66.7 70.6 $7,500 - $9,999 86.9 89.9 89.0 91.6 77.3 82.4 74.8 77.8 $10,000 - $12,499 88.9 91.7 90.2 92.8 81.9 85.5 74.1 77.1 $12,500 - $14,999 91.7 93.9 92.7 94.7 85.9 88.7 82.0 84.3 $15,000 - $19,999 93.3 95.3 94.2 96.0 87.7 91.0 85.1 88.6 $20,000 - $24,999 95.6 97.0 96.1 97.4 91.9 93.7 89.4 91.3 $25,000 - $29,999 97.0 98.0 97.7 98.5 90.9 93.2 94.2 95.5 $30,000 - $34,999 97.9 98.6 98.4 98.9 93.3 95.4 96.0 97.0 $35,000 - $39,999 98.7 99.3 98.8 99.4 97.0 98.0 94.1 96.3 $40,000 - $49,999 99.1 99.4 99.2 99.5 98.5 98.8 97.8 97.8 $50,000 - $59,999 99.4 99.6 99.5 99.7 98.7 98.7 97.5 98.2 $60,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.7 99.6 99.8 98.3 98.8 98.8 99.1 $75,000 + 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 98.6 98.6 97.7 99.6 1991 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.4 95.1 94.8 96.2 83.5 87.2 84.1 86.7 UNDER $5,000 73.9 80.1 78.3 83.7 63.3 71.2 65.2 71.3 $5,000 - $7,499 82.9 86.8 85.2 88.8 75.0 80.3 69.6 74.7 $7,500 - $9,999 86.5 89.7 88.1 91.0 79.1 83.7 73.1 76.9 $10,000 - $12,499 88.9 91.6 90.0 92.5 82.4 86.2 76.0 79.2 $12,500 - $14,999 91.1 93.4 92.1 94.3 85.5 88.4 82.4 84.6 $15,000 - $19,999 93.4 95.2 94.3 95.9 87.1 90.7 87.0 89.8 $20,000 - $24,999 95.5 97.0 96.0 97.5 91.2 93.3 91.6 93.5 $25,000 - $29,999 96.8 97.9 97.3 98.2 93.6 96.0 90.9 92.4 $30,000 - $34,999 98.3 98.9 98.6 99.2 95.4 97.1 95.8 97.1 $35,000 - $39,999 98.7 99.1 98.8 99.3 97.0 97.7 96.2 97.3 $40,000 - $49,999 99.1 99.5 99.2 99.6 98.1 98.6 98.2 98.8 $50,000 - $59,999 99.5 99.7 99.5 99.7 98.6 99.0 97.9 98.6 $60,000 - $74,999 99.7 99.9 99.7 99.9 99.3 99.5 98.8 99.2 $75,000 + 99.7 99.9 99.7 99.9 99.6 100.0 98.5 99.6 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 35 Table 6.10 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1992 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.8 95.3 95.2 96.4 84.2 87.9 85.8 88.2 UNDER $5,000 72.0 78.1 75.5 81.1 64.1 71.3 65.0 70.7 $5,000 - $7,499 83.2 86.8 85.4 88.3 76.3 82.3 72.0 75.5 $7,500 - $9,999 87.5 90.2 89.2 91.4 79.9 84.9 76.2 79.9 $10,000 - $12,499 90.5 92.9 91.6 93.9 84.6 87.9 82.1 85.3 $12,500 - $14,999 91.5 93.7 92.7 94.7 85.1 88.4 85.7 88.8 $15,000 - $19,999 93.3 95.0 94.3 95.7 86.6 90.6 86.7 89.5 $20,000 - $24,999 95.9 97.1 96.5 97.5 91.2 93.7 93.2 94.5 $25,000 - $29,999 97.1 98.0 97.6 98.5 92.6 94.6 94.8 95.6 $30,000 - $34,999 98.2 98.9 98.4 99.0 96.3 97.4 96.1 97.1 $35,000 - $39,999 98.6 99.0 98.9 99.3 96.4 97.4 96.6 97.5 $40,000 - $49,999 99.2 99.5 99.4 99.6 97.6 98.5 98.2 98.7 $50,000 - $59,999 99.4 99.7 99.4 99.7 98.9 99.6 98.3 98.5 $60,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 99.3 99.6 98.9 99.7 $75,000 + 99.4 99.7 99.5 99.8 97.7 97.9 99.1 99.1 1993 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 94.2 95.6 95.5 96.6 85.2 88.3 86.7 88.8 UNDER $5,000 72.9 78.9 76.4 82.0 65.5 72.7 66.3 70.7 $5,000 - $7,499 84.0 87.2 85.7 88.8 78.7 82.4 75.7 78.6 $7,500 - $9,999 87.4 90.1 89.1 91.4 80.1 84.6 79.7 82.8 $10,000 - $12,499 90.6 92.7 91.9 93.8 82.9 86.7 85.7 88.3 $12,500 - $14,999 92.0 94.1 93.2 95.1 84.8 88.7 84.0 86.2 $15,000 - $19,999 93.6 95.2 94.5 96.0 88.0 90.4 85.3 88.3 $20,000 - $24,999 96.3 97.5 96.8 97.8 92.6 94.6 91.9 94.6 $25,000 - $29,999 97.7 98.5 98.1 98.8 94.5 96.1 95.5 96.9 $30,000 - $34,999 98.3 98.9 98.6 99.1 96.3 96.9 96.2 97.3 $35,000 - $39,999 98.6 99.0 98.8 99.2 96.3 97.1 95.7 96.3 $40,000 - $49,999 99.2 99.5 99.3 99.5 98.2 98.6 96.9 97.4 $50,000 - $59,999 99.5 99.7 99.5 99.7 99.0 99.3 98.4 99.1 $60,000 - $74,999 99.6 99.8 99.6 99.8 99.3 99.3 100.0 100.0 $75,000 + 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 99.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 1994 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.8 95.4 95.1 96.4 85.7 89.4 86.0 88.3 UNDER $5,000 76.1 82.1 79.8 84.6 68.7 77.4 66.3 71.8 $5,000 - $7,499 82.7 87.0 84.9 88.9 77.2 82.4 73.1 77.3 $7,500 - $9,999 87.3 90.5 89.1 92.1 81.4 84.9 81.1 83.8 $10,000 - $12,499 89.6 92.2 90.9 93.1 81.5 88.6 83.3 86.2 $12,500 - $14,999 91.5 94.0 92.9 95.0 85.5 89.2 84.6 87.8 $15,000 - $19,999 93.6 95.3 94.4 95.8 86.6 92.2 87.6 89.7 $20,000 - $24,999 95.2 96.7 95.8 97.2 90.3 93.5 91.4 93.5 $25,000 - $29,999 96.6 97.6 97.0 97.9 93.9 95.8 92.1 93.3 $30,000 - $34,999 97.3 98.2 97.7 98.5 93.8 95.7 91.7 93.9 $35,000 - $39,999 97.8 98.5 98.1 98.6 94.4 97.3 95.2 96.0 $40,000 - $49,999 98.6 99.1 98.8 99.3 97.2 97.8 96.4 96.6 $50,000 - $59,999 99.0 99.3 99.2 99.4 96.3 98.1 99.5 99.7 $60,000 - $74,999 99.4 99.5 99.4 99.5 99.5 99.7 98.3 98.5 $75,000 + 99.1 99.4 99.2 99.4 98.6 99.3 98.7 98.7 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 36 Table 6.10 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1995 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.9 95.2 95.2 96.2 86.2 89.2 85.9 87.8 UNDER $5,000 75.3 80.5 79.1 83.0 67.4 75.1 68.8 72.2 $5,000 - $7,499 82.8 86.3 84.8 87.7 77.9 83.0 72.6 75.5 $7,500 - $9,999 87.3 89.6 89.5 91.5 79.0 83.3 78.0 80.4 $10,000 - $12,499 89.8 92.1 91.2 93.2 83.5 87.6 84.2 86.4 $12,500 - $14,999 91.7 93.5 92.8 94.4 86.4 89.3 84.9 86.8 $15,000 - $19,999 93.1 95.0 94.1 95.6 88.5 92.4 84.9 87.6 $20,000 - $24,999 95.4 96.4 96.0 96.9 92.4 94.1 90.2 92.1 $25,000 - $29,999 96.6 97.6 97.0 97.9 93.7 95.6 92.2 94.3 $30,000 - $34,999 97.6 98.0 97.9 98.3 94.3 95.2 94.2 95.1 $35,000 - $39,999 98.3 98.7 98.5 98.8 96.9 97.5 97.3 98.4 $40,000 - $49,999 98.6 98.9 98.8 99.0 97.1 97.8 96.6 96.6 $50,000 - $59,999 98.8 99.1 99.0 99.3 97.7 98.2 95.7 97.0 $60,000 - $74,999 99.2 99.3 99.2 99.4 98.8 99.0 98.6 99.4 $75,000 + 99.0 99.2 99.0 99.2 99.1 99.5 99.0 99.0 1996 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.9 95.0 94.9 95.8 87.3 89.8 86.4 88.0 UNDER $5,000 75.6 80.3 78.0 81.7 70.1 76.9 68.0 71.4 $5,000 - $7,499 83.1 85.8 84.5 86.6 79.9 84.3 76.9 78.8 $7,500 - $9,999 87.2 89.8 88.6 90.7 81.9 86.7 79.7 82.3 $10,000 - $12,499 88.8 91.4 90.2 92.3 83.5 88.1 82.0 84.3 $12,500 - $14,999 91.7 93.5 92.8 94.4 86.1 89.5 85.1 87.0 $15,000 - $19,999 93.0 94.6 93.7 95.1 88.7 91.3 86.5 88.7 $20,000 - $24,999 94.5 95.6 95.1 96.0 91.3 92.6 86.5 88.6 $25,000 - $29,999 96.2 97.1 96.5 97.3 93.3 95.0 94.5 95.4 $30,000 - $34,999 97.5 98.1 97.7 98.3 96.4 97.4 95.7 96.3 $35,000 - $39,999 97.9 98.3 97.8 98.2 97.5 98.0 95.2 95.7 $40,000 - $49,999 98.5 98.9 98.7 99.0 96.7 97.0 96.1 97.5 $50,000 - $59,999 98.8 99.0 99.0 99.1 97.3 97.6 97.5 98.2 $60,000 - $74,999 98.8 99.1 99.0 99.3 97.3 97.3 97.9 99.4 $75,000 + 98.9 99.2 99.0 99.2 98.7 99.2 98.4 98.7 1997 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.9 95.0 95.0 95.9 86.9 89.5 86.7 88.6 UNDER $5,000 75.7 80.8 79.1 83.5 68.4 75.1 68.5 73.5 $5,000 - $7,499 82.8 85.9 84.5 87.1 78.1 82.4 74.6 77.0 $7,500 - $9,999 86.7 89.5 89.0 91.2 78.6 83.3 79.3 81.4 $10,000 - $12,499 89.9 91.9 90.9 92.7 85.3 88.1 82.4 86.0 $12,500 - $14,999 91.0 93.1 92.4 94.0 83.9 88.1 84.5 86.4 $15,000 - $19,999 93.1 94.6 94.1 95.3 88.8 91.8 86.7 88.4 $20,000 - $24,999 95.0 95.9 95.4 96.2 92.1 93.9 89.6 90.9 $25,000 - $29,999 95.8 96.8 96.2 97.1 92.6 94.7 91.8 93.7 $30,000 - $34,999 97.2 97.9 97.5 98.1 95.1 95.9 93.6 94.9 $35,000 - $39,999 97.4 97.9 97.9 98.1 94.8 96.2 94.9 96.4 $40,000 - $49,999 98.2 98.6 98.4 98.7 97.0 97.8 96.6 97.4 $50,000 - $59,999 98.4 98.8 98.5 98.9 96.9 97.3 97.7 98.6 $60,000 - $74,999 99.0 99.2 99.0 99.2 99.5 99.8 98.4 98.4 $75,000 + 99.0 99.2 99.1 99.3 98.5 98.8 98.1 98.3 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 37 Table 6.10 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1998 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 94.1 95.2 95.1 96.0 87.9 89.7 88.4 90.0 UNDER $5,000 77.2 81.3 80.1 83.8 70.3 75.2 72.0 75.3 $5,000 - $7,499 83.0 85.9 84.9 87.6 77.6 81.0 77.0 80.6 $7,500 - $9,999 87.4 89.3 88.8 90.6 83.3 85.0 79.7 81.6 $10,000 - $12,499 89.8 91.7 90.7 92.5 85.7 88.5 84.6 86.2 $12,500 - $14,999 91.0 92.8 92.0 93.7 85.8 88.2 85.3 86.4 $15,000 - $19,999 93.0 94.2 94.0 95.2 88.3 89.6 89.6 91.0 $20,000 - $24,999 93.9 95.2 94.6 95.8 90.2 92.2 88.4 90.2 $25,000 - $29,999 95.6 96.6 95.8 96.7 94.0 95.9 91.3 93.5 $30,000 - $34,999 97.1 97.8 97.5 98.2 94.3 95.6 95.3 96.7 $35,000 - $39,999 97.5 98.0 97.8 98.3 95.4 96.4 95.9 96.8 $40,000 - $49,999 98.1 98.5 98.3 98.7 96.2 96.7 96.9 97.4 $50,000 - $59,999 98.1 98.5 98.2 98.6 96.8 97.5 95.7 96.7 $60,000 - $74,999 98.6 98.8 98.8 99.0 96.9 97.4 97.5 97.5 $75,000 + 99.0 99.2 99.0 99.2 99.1 99.1 98.6 98.8 1999 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 94.2 95.0 95.2 95.9 87.7 89.6 89.9 90.9 UNDER $5,000 76.0 79.8 79.0 82.6 69.5 74.2 72.8 75.6 $5,000 - $7,499 82.9 85.3 84.6 87.0 78.3 81.2 79.8 83.3 $7,500 - $9,999 88.3 90.3 89.9 91.5 81.8 85.5 85.0 85.8 $10,000 - $12,499 88.9 90.5 90.4 91.8 82.1 84.9 85.2 86.5 $12,500 - $14,999 90.3 92.0 91.0 92.4 87.1 89.8 84.8 85.9 $15,000 - $19,999 92.5 94.0 93.5 94.7 87.0 90.2 88.3 89.5 $20,000 - $24,999 94.1 95.1 94.8 95.7 90.5 92.1 91.5 92.8 $25,000 - $29,999 95.3 96.2 95.9 96.6 91.8 93.5 95.2 95.7 $30,000 - $34,999 96.7 97.4 97.2 97.7 93.9 95.5 94.7 95.2 $35,000 - $39,999 97.3 97.8 97.8 98.2 94.3 95.1 96.1 96.6 $40,000 - $49,999 98.2 98.5 98.3 98.6 97.2 97.6 95.8 96.5 $50,000 - $59,999 98.2 98.5 98.3 98.7 97.2 97.4 98.1 98.5 $60,000 - $74,999 98.6 98.8 98.6 98.9 97.6 98.4 98.2 98.4 $75,000 + 98.8 99.0 98.9 99.1 97.8 98.2 97.7 98.2 2000 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 94.4 95.2 95.2 95.9 89.3 90.7 90.5 91.6 UNDER $5,000 80.0 83.1 83.1 86.2 73.0 76.3 79.0 82.0 $5,000 - $7,499 84.2 86.3 85.0 87.0 81.7 84.6 82.4 84.7 $7,500 - $9,999 87.0 89.3 88.4 90.3 82.2 85.7 85.8 87.0 $10,000 - $12,499 90.0 91.5 90.9 92.5 85.9 87.5 84.0 86.0 $12,500 - $14,999 91.5 92.9 92.7 94.0 86.5 87.9 88.0 89.9 $15,000 - $19,999 91.7 93.2 92.6 94.1 86.9 89.1 87.2 88.5 $20,000 - $24,999 93.7 94.7 94.3 95.2 90.5 92.2 90.8 91.3 $25,000 - $29,999 95.5 96.3 96.0 96.8 92.5 93.8 93.0 94.3 $30,000 - $34,999 96.4 97.0 96.6 97.2 95.4 96.1 93.7 94.3 $35,000 - $39,999 97.2 97.7 97.5 98.0 95.1 95.7 95.4 95.8 $40,000 - $49,999 97.7 98.2 97.9 98.4 96.0 96.4 96.7 97.8 $50,000 - $59,999 98.0 98.3 98.1 98.4 97.0 97.5 97.6 97.8 $60,000 - $74,999 98.4 98.7 98.5 98.8 97.0 97.5 95.9 96.5 $75,000 + 98.4 98.7 98.5 98.7 97.5 97.7 96.9 97.4 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 38 Table 6.10 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 2001 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 94.9 95.7 95.6 96.4 90.0 91.4 91.3 92.4 UNDER $5,000 79.9 83.3 83.1 85.7 72.7 78.0 78.8 82.3 $5,000 - $7,499 84.0 86.3 85.4 87.5 80.6 83.8 84.4 85.7 $7,500 - $9,999 88.8 90.6 90.0 91.6 84.6 87.3 86.5 88.6 $10,000 - $12,499 90.2 92.0 91.1 92.8 86.0 88.4 85.8 87.5 $12,500 - $14,999 91.4 92.6 92.2 93.3 86.5 88.3 88.4 88.8 $15,000 - $19,999 92.9 94.4 93.5 94.9 90.0 92.0 88.8 90.6 $20,000 - $24,999 94.3 95.4 94.9 96.0 90.5 92.1 91.3 93.1 $25,000 - $29,999 96.0 96.9 96.2 97.0 94.9 96.0 92.6 93.5 $30,000 - $34,999 96.7 97.3 97.0 97.5 95.3 96.0 94.9 95.2 $35,000 - $39,999 97.2 97.8 97.3 97.9 96.1 96.8 96.0 96.7 $40,000 - $49,999 97.8 98.3 97.9 98.4 97.0 97.3 96.0 96.1 $50,000 - $59,999 98.4 98.8 98.5 98.9 97.3 97.5 97.3 98.4 $60,000 - $74,999 98.6 98.9 98.7 99.0 97.9 98.3 96.5 97.5 $75,000 + 98.8 99.1 98.8 99.1 98.3 98.6 98.2 98.7 2002 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 95.3 96.2 96.2 96.9 90.1 91.6 91.7 92.9 UNDER $5,000 79.9 83.1 82.5 85.2 73.8 78.1 77.8 80.7 $5,000 - $7,499 83.3 86.1 85.9 88.6 76.4 79.7 84.5 85.7 $7,500 - $9,999 89.7 91.6 91.1 92.7 85.3 87.7 88.4 90.6 $10,000 - $12,499 90.6 92.3 91.9 93.3 85.3 87.9 88.1 89.7 $12,500 - $14,999 92.7 93.9 93.4 94.6 89.9 91.0 88.6 90.2 $15,000 - $19,999 93.2 94.5 93.8 94.8 91.1 93.5 87.7 89.1 $20,000 - $24,999 94.3 95.4 95.1 96.2 90.6 92.1 92.3 93.7 $25,000 - $29,999 95.6 96.6 96.0 97.0 93.3 94.4 93.4 95.3 $30,000 - $34,999 96.9 97.5 97.4 97.9 94.7 95.5 95.2 96.0 $35,000 - $39,999 97.9 98.4 98.0 98.6 97.1 97.5 97.4 97.9 $40,000 - $49,999 98.2 98.6 98.4 98.8 96.6 97.1 96.7 97.5 $50,000 - $59,999 98.7 99.2 98.9 99.2 98.0 98.2 97.9 98.3 $60,000 - $74,999 99.1 99.4 99.2 99.5 98.3 98.8 98.3 98.9 $75,000 + 99.3 99.5 99.3 99.6 98.6 98.7 99.2 99.2 2003 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 95.1 96.0 95.9 96.6 90.4 91.6 91.4 92.5 UNDER $5,000 80.1 83.8 82.3 85.9 74.8 79.0 75.0 78.9 $5,000 - $7,499 85.3 87.2 85.9 87.6 82.6 85.0 80.2 82.1 $7,500 - $9,999 89.6 91.4 90.5 91.9 86.2 89.2 86.7 88.0 $10,000 - $12,499 90.3 91.9 91.0 92.7 86.6 88.4 86.3 87.6 $12,500 - $14,999 91.7 93.0 92.5 93.8 87.4 88.9 88.1 89.6 $15,000 - $19,999 92.9 94.3 93.7 95.0 88.8 90.3 89.5 91.1 $20,000 - $24,999 94.1 94.9 94.6 95.4 90.9 91.9 91.8 93.4 $25,000 - $29,999 95.6 96.6 95.9 96.8 94.4 95.4 93.5 94.0 $30,000 - $34,999 96.5 97.2 96.7 97.6 93.9 94.4 95.0 95.6 $35,000 - $39,999 97.7 98.4 97.8 98.5 97.2 97.5 97.1 97.6 $40,000 - $49,999 97.9 98.4 98.1 98.6 96.6 97.4 96.2 97.1 $50,000 - $59,999 98.5 99.0 98.6 99.1 97.8 98.2 96.8 97.9 $60,000 - $74,999 98.7 99.1 98.8 99.2 97.9 98.2 98.3 98.9 $75,000 + 99.0 99.3 99.1 99.5 97.6 97.8 99.2 99.5 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 39 Table 6.10 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail MARCH 2004 TOTAL 94.2 95.1 94.9 95.7 90.1 91.1 90.5 91.6 UNDER $5,000 80.1 83.4 82.1 85.1 76.9 79.8 74.9 76.7 $5,000 - $7,499 85.1 86.8 84.4 85.9 86.7 88.8 83.9 85.1 $7,500 - $9,999 88.1 89.4 89.2 90.5 82.8 84.2 85.5 87.7 $10,000 - $12,499 90.2 91.7 90.8 91.8 88.5 91.3 85.3 85.9 $12,500 - $14,999 90.8 92.8 91.9 93.8 87.9 89.8 88.0 90.1 $15,000 - $19,999 91.2 92.6 92.1 93.4 88.8 90.4 88.1 89.7 $20,000 - $24,999 94.2 95.1 94.7 95.5 90.9 91.7 89.8 90.5 $25,000 - $29,999 94.5 95.6 94.7 95.8 94.0 94.5 93.9 95.1 $30,000 - $34,999 95.8 96.6 96.3 97.0 93.7 94.6 94.5 95.5 $35,000 - $39,999 96.1 96.9 96.3 97.2 95.7 95.7 94.4 96.5 $40,000 - $49,999 96.7 97.4 96.8 97.6 95.2 95.2 93.6 95.2 $50,000 - $59,999 97.9 98.2 98.3 98.6 95.7 95.7 96.8 97.8 $60,000 - $74,999 97.4 97.8 97.7 98.1 96.5 96.5 98.4 98.4 $75,000 + 98.2 98.7 98.2 98.8 97.9 97.9 97.3 98.5 JULY 2004 TOTAL 93.8 94.7 94.7 95.6 87.4 88.9 90.2 91.6 UNDER $5,000 79.9 82.9 82.5 85.5 71.9 75.0 80.4 82.7 $5,000 - $7,499 84.8 86.5 86.0 87.4 81.7 84.3 79.1 81.0 $7,500 - $9,999 87.8 89.9 88.0 90.1 85.9 88.7 82.4 84.5 $10,000 - $12,499 89.3 91.0 91.2 93.0 80.9 82.2 85.4 87.8 $12,500 - $14,999 92.0 93.5 92.6 94.1 89.7 90.9 86.2 90.4 $15,000 - $19,999 91.7 93.4 92.9 94.4 85.6 87.7 87.9 90.5 $20,000 - $24,999 93.1 94.5 93.5 94.8 90.4 91.3 89.2 92.2 $25,000 - $29,999 94.5 95.9 95.4 96.4 90.7 92.9 93.8 95.2 $30,000 - $34,999 94.7 95.8 95.8 96.6 90.6 92.2 90.5 92.1 $35,000 - $39,999 96.0 96.5 96.5 96.7 92.1 94.0 96.4 96.5 $40,000 - $49,999 97.1 97.7 97.3 97.9 95.5 96.5 95.9 95.9 $50,000 - $59,999 97.1 97.7 97.2 97.9 95.8 95.9 94.0 94.2 $60,000 - $74,999 97.9 98.4 98.0 98.5 98.0 98.0 96.9 98.0 $75,000 + 98.1 98.6 98.3 98.7 98.1 98.0 97.9 98.4 NOVEMBER 2004 TOTAL 93.5 94.6 94.3 95.3 88.2 90.0 90.3 91.5 UNDER $5,000 77.3 81.6 81.7 85.5 67.3 72.3 75.5 79.6 $5,000 - $7,499 83.0 85.5 82.9 85.6 83.7 85.8 79.5 80.7 $7,500 - $9,999 87.6 89.9 88.4 90.5 83.6 86.4 85.7 88.4 $10,000 - $12,499 89.6 90.8 90.3 91.5 87.4 88.2 86.5 88.5 $12,500 - $14,999 91.6 93.5 91.9 93.4 91.1 94.2 87.5 89.2 $15,000 - $19,999 91.7 93.3 93.1 94.4 86.3 89.2 89.4 90.2 $20,000 - $24,999 93.7 95.0 94.5 95.7 90.6 93.0 90.9 92.2 $25,000 - $29,999 94.4 96.1 94.9 96.1 90.9 95.3 94.7 96.5 $30,000 - $34,999 94.9 95.9 95.2 96.2 92.2 93.6 92.2 92.4 $35,000 - $39,999 95.3 96.5 95.8 96.8 92.4 94.0 95.0 95.7 $40,000 - $49,999 96.4 97.5 96.5 97.5 95.2 96.9 93.0 94.9 $50,000 - $59,999 97.0 97.6 96.9 97.5 98.5 99.1 96.4 96.5 $60,000 - $74,999 97.6 98.4 97.7 98.4 95.4 97.4 96.7 98.2 $75,000 + 98.0 98.5 98.0 98.6 98.3 98.3 98.5 98.5 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 40 Table 6.10 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 2004 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.8 94.8 94.6 95.5 88.6 90.0 90.3 91.6 UNDER $5,000 79.1 82.6 82.1 85.4 72.0 75.7 76.9 79.7 $5,000 - $7,499 84.3 86.3 84.4 86.3 84.0 86.3 80.8 82.3 $7,500 - $9,999 87.8 89.7 88.5 90.4 84.1 86.4 84.5 86.9 $10,000 - $12,499 89.7 91.2 90.8 92.1 85.6 87.2 85.7 87.4 $12,500 - $14,999 91.5 93.3 92.1 93.8 89.6 91.6 87.2 89.9 $15,000 - $19,999 91.5 93.1 92.7 94.1 86.9 89.1 88.5 90.1 $20,000 - $24,999 93.7 94.9 94.2 95.3 90.6 92.0 90.0 91.6 $25,000 - $29,999 94.5 95.9 95.0 96.1 91.9 94.2 94.1 95.6 $30,000 - $34,999 95.1 96.1 95.8 96.6 92.2 93.5 92.4 93.3 $35,000 - $39,999 95.8 96.6 96.2 96.9 93.4 94.6 95.3 96.2 $40,000 - $49,999 96.7 97.5 96.9 97.7 95.3 96.2 94.2 95.3 $50,000 - $59,999 97.3 97.8 97.5 98.0 96.7 96.9 95.7 96.2 $60,000 - $74,999 97.6 98.2 97.8 98.3 96.6 97.3 97.3 98.2 $75,000 + 98.1 98.6 98.2 98.7 98.1 98.1 97.9 98.5 MARCH 2005 TOTAL 92.4 93.7 93.2 94.4 87.7 89.5 88.2 89.8 UNDER $5,000 80.4 84.7 82.0 86.2 77.8 82.0 76.3 79.8 $5,000 - $7,499 82.8 86.0 83.4 86.8 81.7 84.3 80.5 85.1 $7,500 - $9,999 86.4 88.9 87.4 89.2 83.7 87.9 83.8 84.6 $10,000 - $12,499 88.6 90.1 89.2 90.5 86.1 88.8 81.9 82.6 $12,500 - $14,999 90.3 91.9 91.6 93.2 84.6 86.4 84.0 85.9 $15,000 - $19,999 91.2 92.5 91.7 93.3 87.6 87.9 88.9 89.6 $20,000 - $24,999 92.0 93.4 92.8 93.9 89.2 91.9 88.8 89.9 $25,000 - $29,999 92.7 94.5 92.9 94.6 91.3 94.0 89.8 91.4 $30,000 - $34,999 93.9 95.3 94.9 96.2 88.3 90.2 90.5 92.2 $35,000 - $39,999 94.2 95.3 94.2 95.4 94.7 95.5 91.9 94.0 $40,000 - $49,999 95.9 96.7 96.0 96.9 95.0 96.2 93.1 94.7 $50,000 - $59,999 96.7 97.1 96.9 97.2 96.3 96.8 93.0 93.0 $60,000 - $74,999 96.8 97.8 97.0 97.9 94.9 96.0 97.5 99.9 $75,000 + 96.9 97.5 97.1 97.7 93.2 93.6 97.4 98.2 JULY 2005 TOTAL 94.0 95.1 94.7 95.7 89.7 91.3 89.1 90.7 UNDER $5,000 79.8 84.2 81.7 85.9 76.6 81.1 74.7 77.8 $5,000 - $7,499 83.5 86.0 84.1 86.1 80.9 84.1 85.3 85.4 $7,500 - $9,999 88.4 90.7 89.4 91.5 86.2 88.9 85.0 86.0 $10,000 - $12,499 90.9 92.3 91.9 93.3 87.7 88.7 88.2 89.7 $12,500 - $14,999 90.8 92.5 92.1 93.6 85.8 89.2 85.0 87.6 $15,000 - $19,999 92.2 93.9 92.4 94.0 91.4 93.2 82.3 86.1 $20,000 - $24,999 94.1 95.2 94.5 95.7 92.7 93.7 90.4 92.1 $25,000 - $29,999 94.6 95.9 94.8 96.0 93.4 95.1 90.7 92.2 $30,000 - $34,999 94.7 95.8 94.9 95.9 93.1 94.6 91.6 92.7 $35,000 - $39,999 95.7 96.9 95.8 97.0 95.6 96.8 89.9 92.5 $40,000 - $49,999 96.1 97.0 96.4 97.3 94.4 94.8 93.3 95.2 $50,000 - $59,999 97.3 97.8 97.4 97.9 95.6 96.6 91.9 93.1 $60,000 - $74,999 98.4 98.9 98.6 99.0 98.6 99.6 97.7 97.7 $75,000 - $99,999 98.5 99.1 98.6 99.2 98.1 98.4 96.7 98.9 $100,000 - $149,999 98.3 98.8 98.4 98.9 98.5 99.2 94.6 96.0 $150,000 + 98.2 98.7 98.2 98.9 95.6 95.6 99.3 99.3 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 41 Table 6.10 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail NOVEMBER 2005 TOTAL 92.9 94.1 93.9 95.0 86.7 88.5 89.2 90.7 UNDER $5,000 79.4 82.4 82.7 85.6 72.4 76.3 69.6 73.6 $5,000 - $7,499 82.2 85.5 84.3 87.2 76.8 81.0 80.9 82.0 $7,500 - $9,999 85.2 87.7 86.8 89.3 80.2 82.2 81.4 84.0 $10,000 - $12,499 88.1 89.9 90.0 91.7 81.4 83.2 84.1 85.2 $12,500 - $14,999 90.1 91.6 90.4 91.8 90.4 92.2 88.4 89.3 $15,000 - $19,999 90.6 92.7 92.1 94.2 84.4 86.2 85.6 87.7 $20,000 - $24,999 92.3 93.5 92.8 94.0 90.8 92.4 88.0 89.8 $25,000 - $29,999 94.2 95.5 94.9 95.9 90.6 93.1 93.1 94.1 $30,000 - $34,999 94.8 96.0 95.6 96.4 90.6 93.8 91.1 92.3 $35,000 - $39,999 95.3 96.4 95.5 96.6 95.0 95.7 97.1 98.0 $40,000 - $49,999 95.9 96.8 96.6 97.5 91.1 92.4 93.5 95.2 $50,000 - $59,999 96.4 97.4 96.6 97.7 95.9 96.2 94.7 96.3 $60,000 - $74,999 97.2 97.7 97.5 97.9 96.5 97.4 94.8 95.7 $75,000 + $99,999 97.3 98.0 97.3 98.0 97.5 97.5 96.1 96.9 $100,000 - $149,999 97.7 98.2 97.8 98.4 96.9 96.9 100.0 100.0 $150,000 + 97.6 98.2 97.9 98.4 96.2 96.2 95.8 97.4 2005 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.1 94.3 93.9 95.0 88.0 89.8 88.8 90.4 UNDER $5,000 79.9 83.8 82.1 85.9 75.6 79.8 73.5 77.1 $5,000 - $7,499 82.8 85.8 83.9 86.7 79.8 83.1 82.2 84.2 $7,500 - $9,999 86.7 89.1 87.9 90.0 83.4 86.3 83.4 84.9 $10,000 - $12,499 89.2 90.8 90.4 91.8 85.1 86.9 84.7 85.8 $12,500 - $14,999 90.4 92.0 91.4 92.9 86.9 89.3 85.8 87.6 $15,000 - $19,999 91.3 93.0 92.1 93.8 87.8 89.1 85.6 87.8 $20,000 - $24,999 92.8 94.0 93.4 94.5 90.9 92.7 89.1 90.6 $25,000 - $29,999 93.8 95.3 94.2 95.5 91.8 94.1 91.2 92.6 $30,000 - $34,999 94.5 95.7 95.1 96.2 90.7 92.9 91.1 92.4 $35,000 - $39,999 95.1 96.2 95.2 96.3 95.1 96.0 93.0 94.8 $40,000 - $49,999 96.0 96.8 96.3 97.2 93.5 94.5 93.3 95.0 $50,000 - $59,999 96.8 97.4 97.0 97.6 95.9 96.5 93.2 94.1 $60,000 - $74,999 97.5 98.1 97.7 98.3 96.7 97.7 96.7 97.8 $75,000 + $99,999 97.6 98.2 97.7 98.3 96.3 96.5 96.7 98.0 $100,000 - $149,999 98.0 98.5 98.1 98.7 97.7 98.1 97.3 68.0 $150,000 + 97.9 98.5 98.1 98.7 95.9 95.9 97.6 66.7 MARCH 2006 TOTAL 92.8 93.9 93.6 94.7 87.5 89.1 88.2 89.9 UNDER $5,000 79.8 83.9 82.4 86.4 74.3 78.7 76.4 80.9 $5,000 - $7,499 83.8 86.3 86.2 88.3 80.4 83.9 78.8 81.4 $7,500 - $9,999 88.5 90.4 89.4 91.3 84.4 86.5 81.2 84.0 $10,000 - $12,499 89.6 91.3 90.3 92.1 88.3 90.3 81.2 82.9 $12,500 - $14,999 89.7 92.0 90.9 93.1 83.4 87.0 85.0 88.7 $15,000 - $19,999 89.9 91.7 91.4 93.0 85.0 86.5 85.0 88.1 $20,000 - $24,999 93.0 94.2 93.7 94.8 89.8 90.8 90.1 91.4 $25,000 - $29,999 92.9 94.4 93.3 94.7 91.4 93.0 87.3 88.6 $30,000 - $34,999 94.4 95.1 94.8 95.5 92.6 93.2 90.9 90.9 $35,000 - $39,999 94.7 95.7 95.3 96.4 89.6 91.4 88.6 91.1 $40,000 - $49,999 94.9 96.0 95.2 96.2 92.4 93.7 95.2 96.8 $50,000 - $59,999 96.5 97.4 96.7 97.5 95.8 96.8 95.3 95.7 $60,000 - $74,999 96.9 97.6 97.1 97.9 95.4 96.3 96.3 98.5 $75,000 + $99,999 97.3 97.8 97.4 97.9 95.3 96.7 96.7 96.7 $100,000 - $149,999 97.3 97.9 97.3 98.0 97.0 98.0 99.1 99.9 $150,000 + 97.7 98.3 97.7 98.4 94.7 94.7 97.0 97.0 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 42 Table 6.11 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Household Size Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail NOVEMBER 1983 TOTAL 91.4 93.7 93.1 95.0 78.8 83.9 80.7 84.6 1 PERSON 87.5 91.3 90.2 93.7 71.2 77.1 73.8 82.0 2 - 3 93.3 95.0 94.5 95.9 82.5 87.8 80.7 84.3 4 - 5 92.4 94.2 93.6 95.0 83.1 87.3 83.4 86.2 6 + 86.6 88.9 90.5 92.2 74.5 78.5 81.0 84.0 1984 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 91.6 93.7 93.2 94.9 79.8 84.5 80.9 84.3 1 PERSON 88.3 91.8 90.3 93.4 74.9 80.7 72.9 79.4 2 - 3 93.2 94.9 94.5 95.9 82.3 86.8 82.0 85.2 4 - 5 92.5 94.0 93.9 95.1 81.8 85.7 83.9 86.2 6 + 86.9 88.8 89.8 91.1 76.3 80.1 79.2 81.8 1985 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 91.8 93.9 93.3 95.0 81.1 85.2 81.3 84.4 1 PERSON 87.6 91.2 89.9 93.1 73.6 79.8 71.9 78.5 2 - 3 93.5 95.0 94.5 95.8 84.9 87.9 83.6 86.0 4 - 5 94.2 95.3 95.2 96.1 87.6 90.4 85.6 87.0 6 + 90.3 91.8 92.8 93.6 81.3 84.9 85.6 86.1 1986 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 92.3 94.1 93.7 95.2 81.6 85.9 81.4 84.1 1 PERSON 88.1 91.4 90.4 93.2 75.4 81.0 73.9 79.3 2 - 3 94.0 95.3 95.0 96.1 85.3 88.9 83.1 85.4 4 - 5 94.4 95.3 95.4 96.1 87.9 90.4 85.5 86.7 6 + 90.1 91.5 92.9 93.5 77.8 82.8 83.3 84.1 1987 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 92.4 94.2 93.8 95.4 81.8 85.9 83.0 85.4 1 PERSON 89.5 92.7 91.3 94.1 77.8 83.1 79.5 83.5 2 - 3 93.9 95.3 95.1 96.3 83.9 87.3 83.8 86.3 4 - 5 93.0 94.5 94.3 95.4 83.6 87.4 84.4 86.4 6 + 87.4 89.1 89.8 91.0 77.4 81.5 80.6 81.6 1988 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 92.7 94.5 94.1 95.6 83.0 86.8 82.1 85.1 1 PERSON 88.4 91.7 90.6 93.5 76.4 82.0 74.4 79.5 2 - 3 94.5 95.7 95.4 96.4 86.8 89.7 84.2 86.9 4 - 5 94.9 95.8 95.8 96.5 89.0 90.7 84.4 85.6 6 + 92.8 94.3 93.7 94.9 87.2 90.6 86.1 88.0 1989 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.1 94.9 94.5 95.9 83.2 87.1 83.0 86.0 1 PERSON 90.0 93.0 91.9 94.6 79.1 83.8 75.5 81.3 2 - 3 94.5 95.8 95.6 96.7 85.8 89.3 84.3 87.3 4 - 5 94.5 95.5 95.7 96.4 85.7 88.8 86.9 88.5 6 + 90.5 92.0 92.7 93.8 82.4 85.8 84.9 86.5 TOTAL WHITE BLACK RACE HISPANIC ORIGIN 6 - 43 Table 6.11 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Household Size Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1990 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.3 95.0 94.6 96.1 83.5 87.0 82.7 85.3 1 PERSON 90.9 93.7 92.5 95.1 80.2 84.8 76.2 80.5 2 - 3 94.7 96.0 95.8 96.9 86.0 89.0 84.2 86.7 4 - 5 93.6 95.0 95.0 96.1 84.0 87.1 84.6 86.8 6 + 87.8 89.6 90.2 91.5 78.5 81.8 80.6 81.8 1991 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.4 95.1 94.8 96.2 83.5 87.2 84.1 87.7 1 PERSON 91.1 93.9 92.8 95.3 79.8 84.9 77.7 83.3 2 - 3 94.9 96.2 96.0 97.1 85.8 88.9 86.2 88.4 4 - 5 93.7 95.0 95.1 96.1 84.3 87.4 85.1 87.5 6 + 88.8 90.4 90.5 91.8 81.0 83.9 82.0 83.3 1992 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.8 95.3 95.2 96.4 84.2 87.9 85.8 88.2 1 PERSON 91.8 94.1 93.4 95.4 81.4 86.1 81.3 85.4 2 - 3 95.1 96.3 96.2 97.2 86.1 89.2 86.3 88.9 4 - 5 93.9 95.2 95.3 96.2 84.4 88.0 87.4 89.2 6 + 89.9 91.4 91.7 92.7 82.8 85.4 85.7 86.6 1993 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 94.2 95.6 95.5 96.6 85.2 88.3 86.7 88.8 1 PERSON 92.3 94.6 93.9 95.8 82.5 86.8 81.9 86.4 2 - 3 95.3 96.4 96.3 97.2 87.1 89.6 87.3 89.1 4 - 5 94.5 95.6 95.9 96.7 85.7 88.3 88.4 90.2 6 + 89.9 91.5 92.0 93.0 81.2 84.9 85.7 87.1 1994 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.8 95.4 95.1 96.4 85.7 89.4 86.0 88.3 1 PERSON 91.8 94.2 93.4 95.4 82.2 86.7 82.1 85.9 2 - 3 95.0 96.2 96.0 97.0 87.9 91.1 86.6 88.9 4 - 5 94.2 95.6 95.5 96.6 86.6 89.9 88.1 89.5 6 + 89.4 91.7 91.3 93.1 82.3 86.9 83.4 85.9 1995 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.9 95.2 95.2 96.2 86.2 89.2 85.9 87.8 1 PERSON 91.6 93.4 93.2 94.6 82.1 85.9 80.6 82.7 2 - 3 95.2 96.1 96.2 96.9 88.2 90.7 86.4 88.2 4 - 5 94.5 95.6 95.6 96.5 87.9 90.5 88.0 89.8 6 + 90.4 92.3 92.0 93.6 84.4 87.8 85.2 87.1 1996 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.9 95.0 94.9 95.8 87.3 89.8 86.4 88.0 1 PERSON 91.5 93.1 92.7 94.2 83.8 86.5 80.5 83.4 2 - 3 95.2 96.1 96.1 96.7 88.9 91.5 87.5 88.9 4 - 5 94.5 95.5 95.3 96.1 88.9 91.3 87.8 89.5 6 + 89.8 91.1 91.1 92.1 84.6 87.5 85.4 86.5 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 44 Table 6.11 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Household Size Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1997 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.9 95.0 95.0 95.9 86.9 89.5 86.7 88.6 1 PERSON 91.4 93.1 92.8 94.3 83.3 86.3 80.1 83.7 2 - 3 95.0 96.0 95.9 96.6 89.2 91.4 87.6 89.4 4 - 5 94.8 95.8 95.9 96.6 87.9 90.5 89.1 90.3 6 + 90.3 91.7 91.9 92.9 83.0 86.2 85.7 87.6 1998 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 94.1 95.2 95.1 96.0 87.9 89.7 88.4 90.0 1 PERSON 91.4 92.9 92.9 94.3 82.8 85.2 81.9 84.5 2 - 3 95.4 96.2 96.1 96.8 90.5 92.1 89.5 91.0 4 - 5 94.9 95.7 95.7 96.4 89.5 90.9 89.9 91.3 6 + 91.8 92.9 92.7 93.6 87.9 89.9 88.4 89.4 1999 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 94.2 95.0 95.2 95.9 87.7 89.6 89.9 90.9 1 PERSON 90.9 92.4 92.6 93.8 82.1 84.9 82.7 84.4 2 - 3 95.4 96.1 96.1 96.7 90.3 91.8 90.1 91.3 4 - 5 95.6 96.2 96.4 96.9 90.6 92.0 92.5 93.4 6 + 92.2 93.4 93.4 94.4 85.9 88.5 90.3 90.8 2000 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 94.4 95.2 95.2 95.9 89.3 90.7 90.5 91.6 1 PERSON 91.5 92.8 92.8 94.0 84.4 86.5 84.0 86.2 2 - 3 95.4 96.1 96.0 96.6 91.0 92.1 90.5 91.6 4 - 5 95.6 96.2 96.2 96.7 91.7 92.9 92.6 93.4 6 + 93.4 94.4 93.8 94.7 91.5 92.7 92.1 93.0 2001 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 94.9 95.7 95.6 96.4 90.0 91.4 91.3 92.4 1 PERSON 92.0 93.4 93.1 94.4 85.8 87.8 84.9 87.1 2 - 3 95.8 96.4 96.4 96.9 91.7 93.0 91.2 92.2 4 - 5 96.3 96.9 96.8 97.5 92.2 93.2 93.8 94.7 6 + 94.2 95.0 94.8 95.4 91.3 92.6 92.2 92.7 2002 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 95.3 96.2 96.2 96.9 90.1 91.6 91.7 92.9 1 PERSON 92.7 94.0 94.0 95.2 85.7 87.5 86.7 88.2 2 - 3 96.2 96.9 96.9 97.5 91.8 93.1 91.5 92.7 4 - 5 96.6 97.3 97.1 97.7 92.8 94.1 93.8 94.8 6 + 94.9 95.7 95.4 96.1 92.1 93.4 93.1 94.1 2003 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 95.1 96.0 95.9 96.6 90.4 91.6 91.4 92.5 1 PERSON 92.1 93.4 93.3 94.6 85.3 86.8 83.6 85.8 2 - 3 96.2 96.9 96.8 97.4 92.2 93.3 92.0 93.1 4 - 5 96.7 97.2 97.1 97.6 93.8 94.7 94.0 94.6 6 + 94.4 95.1 95.0 95.6 91.5 92.8 92.5 93.4 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 45 Table 6.11 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Household Size Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail MARCH 2004 TOTAL 94.2 95.1 94.9 95.7 90.1 91.1 90.5 91.6 1 PERSON 90.8 92.1 92.1 93.4 84.2 85.6 82.8 85.0 2 - 3 95.4 96.1 95.9 96.6 92.4 92.9 91.6 92.9 4 - 5 95.8 96.2 96.0 96.4 93.5 94.5 92.4 93.1 6+ 94.7 95.3 94.7 95.2 93.2 94.8 91.5 92.5 JULY 2004 TOTAL 93.8 94.7 94.7 95.6 87.4 88.9 90.2 91.6 1 PERSON 90.1 91.6 91.7 93.1 82.0 83.8 82.4 85.2 2 - 3 94.9 95.7 95.7 96.3 89.5 91.1 89.8 91.1 4 - 5 95.7 96.3 96.6 97.1 90.1 91.4 94.0 94.9 6+ 94.5 95.3 94.4 95.3 93.8 93.8 92.7 93.7 NOVEMBER 2004 TOTAL 93.5 94.6 94.3 95.3 88.2 90.0 90.3 91.5 1 PERSON 89.8 91.6 91.1 92.8 83.0 84.9 83.7 85.9 2 - 3 94.6 95.6 95.4 96.2 89.4 91.3 90.7 92.0 4 - 5 95.6 96.3 96.0 96.5 92.5 94.4 92.4 93.0 6 + 93.8 94.5 94.5 95.0 92.2 92.7 92.9 93.5 2004 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.8 94.8 94.6 95.5 88.6 90.0 90.3 91.6 1 PERSON 90.2 91.8 91.6 93.1 83.1 84.8 83.0 85.4 2 - 3 95.0 95.8 95.7 96.4 90.4 91.8 90.7 92.0 4 - 5 95.7 96.3 96.2 96.7 92.0 93.4 92.9 93.7 6 + 94.3 95.0 94.5 95.2 93.1 93.8 92.4 93.2 MARCH 2005 TOTAL 92.4 93.7 93.2 94.4 87.7 89.5 88.2 89.8 1 PERSON 89.0 90.8 90.3 91.9 82.7 85.1 83.2 85.4 2 - 3 93.4 94.5 94.0 95.1 89.5 91.0 86.7 88.4 4 - 5 94.5 95.5 95.0 95.9 91.6 92.5 92.1 93.3 6 + 92.7 93.7 93.0 93.8 90.3 92.2 89.9 90.9 JULY 2005 TOTAL 94.0 95.1 94.7 95.7 89.7 91.3 89.1 90.7 1 PERSON 90.6 92.4 91.8 93.4 85.5 87.5 81.6 84.6 2 - 3 95.3 96.1 95.9 96.6 91.0 92.5 89.7 91.0 4 - 5 95.3 96.1 95.8 96.5 92.5 93.9 90.4 92.0 6 + 95.0 96.2 95.0 96.2 94.8 96.6 92.9 94.0 NOVEMBER 2005 TOTAL 92.9 94.1 93.9 95.0 86.7 88.5 89.2 90.7 1 PERSON 90.0 91.6 91.7 93.1 81.7 84.0 84.1 85.5 2 - 3 93.9 95.0 94.6 95.7 89.3 90.8 89.6 91.5 4 - 5 94.1 94.9 94.9 95.6 89.2 90.6 90.8 91.9 6 + 92.8 94.2 94.3 95.2 85.9 89.6 91.2 92.3 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 46 Table 6.11 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Household Size Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 2005 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL 93.1 94.3 93.9 95.0 88.0 89.8 88.8 90.4 1 PERSON 89.9 91.6 91.3 92.8 83.3 85.5 83.0 85.2 2 - 3 94.2 95.2 94.8 95.8 89.9 91.4 88.7 90.3 4 - 5 94.6 95.5 95.2 96.0 91.1 92.3 91.1 92.4 6 + 93.5 94.7 94.1 95.1 90.3 92.8 91.3 92.4 MARCH 2006 TOTAL 92.8 93.9 93.6 94.7 87.5 89.1 88.2 89.9 1 PERSON 89.1 90.8 90.5 92.1 82.0 84.2 81.0 84.6 2 - 3 93.9 94.9 94.7 95.5 88.9 90.7 88.3 89.7 4 - 5 94.6 95.4 95.0 95.9 91.5 92.5 90.4 91.6 6 + 94.2 95.0 94.0 94.9 94.4 94.4 92.9 93.9 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 47 Table 6.12 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Householder's Age Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail NOVEMBER 1983 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.4 93.7 93.1 95.0 78.8 83.9 80.7 84.6 16-24 YRS OLD 76.6 84.1 80.2 86.2 49.9 68.2 64.9 71.9 25-54 YRS OLD 91.5 93.7 93.4 95.2 78.7 83.3 81.8 85.6 55-59 YRS OLD 95.0 96.1 96.1 97.0 86.3 88.5 89.3 89.3 60-64 YRS OLD 95.5 96.4 96.4 97.2 89.5 90.7 87.3 90.2 65-69 YRS OLD 95.5 96.2 96.5 97.0 87.2 89.0 90.7 90.7 70-99 YRS OLD 95.4 96.5 96.0 97.0 90.1 92.3 85.5 89.1 1984 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.6 93.7 93.2 94.9 79.8 84.5 80.9 84.3 16-24 YRS OLD 77.0 83.6 79.6 85.4 58.2 70.8 60.9 69.2 25-54 YRS OLD 91.7 93.7 93.4 95.1 79.6 84.1 83.1 85.7 55-59 YRS OLD 94.9 96.1 96.1 97.1 86.6 89.2 87.1 90.1 60-64 YRS OLD 94.9 96.0 96.0 97.0 86.6 88.8 87.1 89.1 65-69 YRS OLD 96.2 96.8 97.1 97.6 87.9 89.9 90.2 91.5 70-99 YRS OLD 95.3 96.5 96.0 97.1 88.2 90.9 84.4 87.6 1985 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.8 93.9 93.3 95.0 81.1 85.2 81.3 84.4 16-24 YRS OLD 77.9 83.8 80.3 85.8 60.0 69.4 64.8 70.8 25-54 YRS OLD 91.9 93.9 93.5 95.2 80.7 85.0 82.5 85.2 55-59 YRS OLD 94.9 96.0 95.8 96.8 87.8 90.0 87.4 89.2 60-64 YRS OLD 94.9 95.9 95.8 96.5 88.4 90.2 89.7 91.3 65-69 YRS OLD 95.9 96.8 96.8 97.5 88.2 90.9 89.1 91.7 70-99 YRS OLD 95.5 96.6 96.2 97.3 89.1 90.7 87.6 90.9 1986 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.3 94.1 93.7 95.2 81.6 85.9 81.4 84.1 16-24 YRS OLD 79.0 84.4 81.5 85.9 59.8 72.2 63.4 67.4 25-54 YRS OLD 92.2 94.0 93.8 95.3 81.1 85.2 82.9 85.5 55-59 YRS OLD 95.2 96.3 96.1 97.0 88.0 91.3 87.6 90.4 60-64 YRS OLD 95.4 96.2 96.2 97.0 88.9 90.4 89.1 90.3 65-69 YRS OLD 95.8 96.7 96.7 97.4 88.4 90.6 90.4 91.9 70-99 YRS OLD 96.0 97.0 96.5 97.4 91.3 92.9 87.5 89.8 1987 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.4 94.2 93.8 95.4 81.8 85.9 83.0 85.4 16-24 YRS OLD 78.9 84.4 81.4 86.1 61.8 72.3 65.2 70.8 25-54 YRS OLD 92.3 94.2 93.9 95.4 81.4 85.5 84.4 86.5 55-59 YRS OLD 95.2 96.2 96.4 97.2 87.0 89.6 89.1 90.7 60-64 YRS OLD 95.7 96.4 96.6 97.3 88.0 90.2 90.9 92.0 65-69 YRS OLD 95.9 96.7 97.0 97.5 87.1 89.3 88.8 88.8 70-99 YRS OLD 96.0 97.0 96.5 97.5 91.9 93.0 91.6 93.1 1988 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.7 94.5 94.1 95.6 83.0 86.8 82.1 85.1 16-24 YRS OLD 80.2 85.1 82.3 86.8 65.6 73.5 64.0 70.9 25-54 YRS OLD 92.6 94.4 94.1 95.6 82.2 86.3 83.5 86.1 55-59 YRS OLD 95.1 96.4 96.1 97.2 88.3 91.0 88.5 89.9 60-64 YRS OLD 95.3 96.2 96.3 97.0 87.6 89.9 87.3 90.0 65-69 YRS OLD 96.4 97.1 97.2 97.7 89.6 92.0 89.6 91.2 70-99 YRS OLD 96.2 97.5 96.7 97.9 92.3 93.9 92.2 94.3 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 48 Table 6.12 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Householder's Age Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1989 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.1 94.9 94.5 95.9 83.2 87.1 83.0 86.0 16-24 YRS OLD 80.5 85.9 82.9 87.7 65.3 75.2 64.8 72.3 25-54 YRS OLD 92.7 94.6 94.3 95.8 82.2 86.4 83.6 86.5 55-59 YRS OLD 95.4 96.5 96.4 97.4 88.7 90.7 90.1 91.2 60-64 YRS OLD 95.7 96.7 96.6 97.3 89.2 91.6 89.8 90.0 65-69 YRS OLD 96.3 97.0 97.1 97.7 90.3 91.9 88.8 91.0 70-99 YRS OLD 96.4 97.4 97.1 97.9 91.1 92.6 89.8 92.0 1990 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.3 95.0 94.6 96.1 83.5 87.0 82.7 85.3 16-24 YRS OLD 81.2 86.5 83.6 88.2 66.4 75.3 67.8 73.5 25-54 YRS OLD 92.6 94.5 94.1 95.7 82.4 86.1 82.0 84.6 55-59 YRS OLD 95.4 96.4 96.5 97.4 87.3 89.6 89.9 90.7 60-64 YRS OLD 96.2 96.9 97.1 97.6 89.7 91.6 90.6 91.1 65-69 YRS OLD 96.3 97.1 97.0 97.8 90.7 91.7 90.7 92.5 70-99 YRS OLD 96.9 97.8 97.4 98.3 91.9 93.3 93.2 94.1 1991 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.4 95.1 94.8 96.2 83.5 87.2 84.1 86.7 16-24 YRS OLD 81.0 86.1 83.4 88.0 65.7 74.5 68.5 73.9 25-54 YRS OLD 92.7 94.6 94.3 95.8 82.3 86.3 84.1 86.7 55-59 YRS OLD 95.5 96.7 96.5 97.5 88.0 90.9 89.8 90.5 60-64 YRS OLD 95.9 96.9 96.9 97.6 88.5 90.8 88.3 90.4 65-69 YRS OLD 96.7 97.5 97.5 98.2 89.8 91.8 92.9 94.0 70-99 YRS OLD 97.3 98.1 97.8 98.6 92.8 93.5 92.1 94.0 1992 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 95.3 95.2 96.4 84.2 87.9 85.8 88.2 15-24 YRS OLD 82.0 87.4 85.0 89.6 64.2 74.1 72.8 80.4 25-54 YRS OLD 93.1 94.8 94.6 95.9 82.9 87.0 85.5 87.7 55-59 YRS OLD 96.0 96.8 97.0 97.5 89.6 91.9 91.5 92.3 60-64 YRS OLD 96.3 97.1 97.0 97.7 91.2 92.6 89.3 91.2 65-69 YRS OLD 96.6 97.3 97.5 98.0 89.8 92.0 92.0 92.4 70-99 YRS OLD 97.5 98.0 98.0 98.5 93.1 94.0 94.2 95.0 1993 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.2 95.6 95.5 96.6 85.2 88.3 86.7 88.8 15-24 YRS OLD 83.3 87.3 85.7 89.2 70.1 77.3 71.8 76.3 25-54 YRS OLD 93.5 95.1 95.0 96.3 83.5 87.0 86.4 88.7 55-59 YRS OLD 95.9 96.8 96.7 97.5 90.0 92.2 91.3 92.1 60-64 YRS OLD 97.0 97.6 97.7 98.3 91.9 93.3 92.5 93.7 65-69 YRS OLD 97.0 97.6 97.5 98.1 92.8 93.5 92.9 93.9 70-99 YRS OLD 97.6 98.2 98.0 98.6 93.2 94.1 94.7 95.4 1994 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 95.4 95.1 96.4 85.7 89.4 86.0 88.3 15-24 YRS OLD 84.3 89.2 86.1 90.4 74.0 83.0 71.8 77.1 25-54 YRS OLD 93.3 95.0 94.7 96.0 84.8 88.7 86.1 88.4 55-59 YRS OLD 95.6 96.6 96.3 97.2 90.7 92.9 89.4 91.1 60-64 YRS OLD 96.3 97.2 97.1 97.9 90.1 91.9 91.8 92.4 65-69 YRS OLD 96.7 97.3 97.3 97.8 91.8 93.2 93.3 93.5 70-99 YRS OLD 96.7 97.6 97.2 98.1 91.7 93.1 92.3 93.7 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 49 Table 6.12 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Householder's Age Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1995 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.2 95.2 96.2 86.2 89.2 85.9 87.8 15-24 YRS OLD 84.6 88.5 87.0 90.2 73.2 80.6 74.8 78.0 25-54 YRS OLD 93.6 94.9 95.0 96.0 85.4 88.5 86.1 88.0 55-59 YRS OLD 95.7 96.4 96.2 96.8 92.5 93.9 88.6 90.0 60-64 YRS OLD 95.8 96.5 96.3 96.9 91.7 93.4 90.0 90.9 65-69 YRS OLD 96.4 96.8 96.9 97.4 92.2 93.1 91.2 92.6 70-99 YRS OLD 96.4 97.1 97.0 97.5 91.4 92.8 90.4 92.1 1996 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.0 94.9 95.8 87.3 89.8 86.4 88.0 15-24 YRS OLD 84.9 88.4 86.8 89.6 74.5 81.2 72.9 76.4 25-54 YRS OLD 93.5 94.8 94.6 95.6 86.6 89.4 87.1 88.8 55-59 YRS OLD 95.7 96.3 96.3 96.8 91.0 92.5 90.3 90.7 60-64 YRS OLD 95.7 96.2 96.3 96.8 92.0 93.0 88.2 88.8 65-69 YRS OLD 95.8 96.3 96.4 96.8 92.5 93.3 89.5 90.4 70-99 YRS OLD 96.5 97.0 96.8 97.3 93.5 94.3 90.9 92.3 1997 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.0 95.0 95.9 86.9 89.5 86.7 88.6 15-24 YRS OLD 84.9 88.8 86.7 90.1 74.9 81.6 75.0 79.4 25-54 YRS OLD 93.6 94.8 94.7 95.7 86.3 89.0 87.1 88.9 55-59 YRS OLD 95.4 96.1 96.4 96.9 89.2 90.8 90.1 92.2 60-64 YRS OLD 96.0 96.5 96.6 97.0 92.1 92.7 90.6 91.2 65-69 YRS OLD 96.2 96.7 96.7 97.1 92.6 93.8 90.9 92.4 70-99 YRS OLD 96.2 96.7 96.6 97.1 93.0 93.7 90.3 91.3 1998 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.1 95.2 95.1 96.0 87.9 89.7 88.4 90.0 15-24 YRS OLD 87.0 89.8 88.4 91.0 79.9 83.8 80.0 83.5 25-54 YRS OLD 93.8 94.9 94.8 95.8 87.2 89.2 88.5 89.9 55-59 YRS OLD 95.6 96.2 96.2 96.8 91.5 92.5 91.4 92.8 60-64 YRS OLD 95.8 96.3 96.5 97.0 91.8 92.8 91.2 92.6 65-69 YRS OLD 95.7 96.3 96.5 97.0 90.2 90.7 95.1 95.8 70-99 YRS OLD 96.3 96.8 96.7 97.1 93.1 93.8 91.0 91.9 1999 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.2 95.0 95.2 95.9 87.7 89.6 89.9 90.9 15-24 YRS OLD 86.4 88.9 88.2 90.2 77.5 82.3 81.0 83.1 25-54 YRS OLD 94.0 94.9 95.1 95.9 87.5 89.5 90.2 91.3 55-59 YRS OLD 95.7 96.3 96.4 96.9 90.5 91.5 93.1 94.3 60-64 YRS OLD 95.7 96.2 96.4 96.8 90.9 92.0 92.2 92.8 65-69 YRS OLD 95.9 96.3 96.6 97.0 90.0 91.1 94.1 94.8 70-99 YRS OLD 95.8 96.3 96.2 96.7 92.2 92.8 92.4 93.1 2000 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.4 95.2 95.2 95.9 89.3 90.7 90.5 91.6 15-24 YRS OLD 87.8 90.1 89.0 91.3 81.2 84.1 81.9 84.4 25-54 YRS OLD 94.2 95.1 95.1 95.9 89.2 90.7 91.1 92.1 55-59 YRS OLD 95.8 96.3 96.2 96.7 91.8 92.5 91.1 92.0 60-64 YRS OLD 95.8 96.2 96.5 96.7 91.2 92.0 92.3 93.2 65-69 YRS OLD 95.8 96.1 96.3 96.5 92.8 93.2 94.5 94.7 70-99 YRS OLD 95.7 96.1 96.1 96.5 91.6 92.4 92.1 92.7 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 50 Table 6.12 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Householder's Age Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 2001 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.9 95.7 95.6 96.4 90.0 91.4 91.3 92.4 15-24 YRS OLD 88.8 91.0 89.4 91.5 85.6 88.1 83.5 85.6 25-54 YRS OLD 94.7 95.6 95.5 96.3 89.4 91.0 91.8 92.9 55-59 YRS OLD 96.4 96.9 96.8 97.2 93.1 94.3 93.3 94.3 60-64 YRS OLD 96.2 96.6 96.7 97.0 93.0 94.1 94.4 95.0 65-69 YRS OLD 96.4 96.8 97.1 97.4 92.0 92.7 94.1 94.3 70-99 YRS OLD 96.3 96.8 96.7 97.2 93.2 93.7 91.9 92.6 2002 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.3 96.2 96.2 96.9 90.1 91.6 91.7 92.9 15-24 YRS OLD 88.5 91.0 89.5 91.9 83.4 86.7 84.2 86.7 25-54 YRS OLD 95.0 95.9 95.9 96.7 89.6 91.1 92.0 93.2 55-59 YRS OLD 96.8 97.4 97.4 97.9 92.2 93.2 93.9 94.6 60-64 YRS OLD 96.9 97.4 97.2 97.7 94.8 95.4 93.0 93.5 65-69 YRS OLD 97.5 97.8 98.0 98.1 94.3 95.3 95.1 95.1 70-99 YRS OLD 97.2 97.6 97.7 98.0 93.7 94.4 94.9 95.3 2003 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.1 96.0 95.9 96.6 90.4 91.6 91.4 92.5 15-24 YRS OLD 87.9 90.4 88.9 91.0 83.6 87.0 85.0 87.3 25-54 YRS OLD 94.8 95.7 95.6 96.4 90.0 91.2 91.8 92.8 55-59 YRS OLD 96.8 97.3 97.3 97.8 93.8 94.3 92.6 93.8 60-64 YRS OLD 96.8 97.3 97.5 97.9 92.1 93.0 94.6 94.9 65-69 YRS OLD 97.0 97.4 97.6 97.9 93.2 93.3 94.3 94.6 70-99 YRS OLD 97.1 97.5 97.5 97.9 93.4 94.1 91.9 93.0 MARCH 2004 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.2 95.1 94.9 95.7 90.1 91.1 90.5 91.6 15-24 YRS OLD 87.0 89.6 87.4 89.5 85.9 88.1 85.1 87.2 25-54 YRS OLD 93.9 94.8 94.6 95.5 90.1 91.1 90.5 91.7 55-59 YRS OLD 95.0 95.5 95.7 96.1 90.1 90.5 91.5 92.0 60-64 YRS OLD 96.0 96.4 96.7 97.0 90.6 90.9 94.7 95.7 65-69 YRS OLD 95.5 96.2 96.0 96.7 91.4 91.7 92.4 93.4 70-99 YRS OLD 96.6 97.0 96.9 97.3 92.8 93.9 93.4 93.9 JULY 2004 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 94.7 94.7 95.6 87.4 88.9 90.2 91.6 15-24 YRS OLD 87.6 90.5 88.8 91.3 81.5 85.8 82.0 84.6 25-54 YRS OLD 93.3 94.4 94.4 95.3 86.7 88.3 90.8 92.2 55-59 YRS OLD 95.1 95.7 95.8 96.5 89.9 90.6 91.4 92.5 60-64 YRS OLD 94.9 95.5 95.7 96.3 88.3 89.0 92.2 93.2 65-69 YRS OLD 96.8 97.0 97.2 97.2 94.6 94.6 94.6 95.5 70-99 YRS OLD 95.7 96.1 96.3 96.7 91.2 91.7 92.2 92.2 NOVEMBER 2004 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.5 94.6 94.3 95.3 88.2 90.0 90.3 91.5 15-24 YRS OLD 84.6 88.2 85.9 89.3 77.6 82.2 82.7 85.8 25-54 YRS OLD 93.3 94.6 94.2 95.3 88.0 90.1 91.0 92.1 55-59 YRS OLD 95.4 96.0 96.1 96.8 90.0 90.5 92.9 93.4 60-64 YRS OLD 94.9 95.3 95.6 96.0 88.9 89.2 92.1 92.5 65-69 YRS OLD 95.9 96.2 95.9 96.3 96.9 96.9 94.0 94.0 70-99 YRS OLD 95.4 95.9 95.8 96.2 91.5 92.4 89.8 90.5 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 51 Table 6.12 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Householder's Age Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 2004 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 94.8 94.6 95.5 88.6 90.0 90.3 91.6 15-24 YRS OLD 86.4 89.4 87.4 90.0 81.7 85.4 83.3 85.9 25-54 YRS OLD 93.5 94.6 94.4 95.4 88.3 89.8 90.8 92.0 55-59 YRS OLD 95.2 95.7 95.9 96.5 90.0 90.5 91.9 92.6 60-64 YRS OLD 95.3 95.7 96.0 96.4 89.3 89.7 93.0 93.8 65-69 YRS OLD 96.1 96.5 96.4 96.7 94.3 94.4 93.7 94.3 70-99 YRS OLD 95.9 96.3 96.3 96.7 91.8 92.7 91.8 92.2 MARCH 2005 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.4 93.7 93.2 94.4 87.7 89.5 88.2 89.8 15-24 YRS OLD 85.5 88.1 87.1 89.2 78.8 83.4 79.2 80.4 25-54 YRS OLD 92.2 93.6 92.9 94.2 87.8 89.4 89.0 90.7 55-59 YRS OLD 93.4 94.4 93.8 94.7 90.2 92.2 88.2 91.3 60-64 YRS OLD 94.0 94.9 94.9 95.7 88.9 90.1 92.3 92.6 65-69 YRS OLD 94.8 95.6 95.8 96.4 89.4 90.5 90.8 91.0 70-99 YRS OLD 93.9 94.7 94.2 95.1 91.2 92.0 90.4 91.0 JULY 2005 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.0 95.1 94.7 95.7 89.7 91.3 89.1 90.7 15-24 YRS OLD 87.6 90.2 88.6 91.1 82.7 86.3 82.0 84.3 25-54 YRS OLD 93.7 94.9 94.4 95.5 89.9 91.5 89.7 91.5 55-59 YRS OLD 95.4 96.0 96.0 96.4 90.8 92.3 88.8 89.5 60-64 YRS OLD 95.7 96.5 96.1 96.9 91.4 92.8 91.3 93.3 65-69 YRS OLD 95.4 96.1 96.0 96.7 90.8 91.5 89.7 89.7 70-99 YRS OLD 95.8 96.4 96.2 96.8 91.3 92.6 90.4 91.1 NOVEMBER 2005 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.9 94.1 93.9 95.0 86.7 88.5 89.2 90.7 15-24 YRS OLD 86.1 88.6 87.1 89.4 81.3 85.3 81.1 83.5 25-54 YRS OLD 92.6 93.8 93.7 94.9 86.3 88.3 89.9 91.3 55-59 YRS OLD 94.5 95.3 95.3 96.1 88.3 89.2 91.1 91.8 60-64 YRS OLD 94.1 94.9 95.1 95.8 87.2 88.4 93.8 95.0 65-69 YRS OLD 95.2 96.1 95.8 96.5 91.5 92.6 92.1 93.9 70-99 YRS OLD 94.4 95.2 94.8 95.7 89.2 90.1 88.5 89.8 2005 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.1 94.3 93.9 95.0 88.0 89.8 88.8 90.4 16-24 YRS OLD 86.4 89.0 87.6 89.9 80.9 85.0 80.8 82.7 25-54 YRS OLD 92.8 94.1 93.7 94.9 88.0 89.7 89.5 91.2 55-59 YRS OLD 94.4 95.2 95.0 95.7 89.8 91.2 89.4 90.9 60-64 YRS OLD 94.6 95.4 95.4 96.1 89.2 90.4 92.5 93.6 65-69 YRS OLD 95.1 95.9 95.9 96.5 90.6 91.5 90.9 91.5 70-99 YRS OLD 94.7 95.4 95.1 95.9 90.6 91.6 89.8 90.6 MARCH 2006 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.8 93.9 93.6 94.7 87.5 89.1 88.2 89.9 15-24 YRS OLD 87.0 90.2 88.5 91.2 81.3 85.7 81.4 85.3 25-54 YRS OLD 92.6 93.8 93.5 94.5 87.4 89.1 88.8 90.2 55-59 YRS OLD 93.7 94.6 94.5 95.4 88.1 88.8 86.1 89.0 60-64 YRS OLD 94.9 95.8 95.4 96.3 90.7 91.7 91.2 91.9 65-69 YRS OLD 94.3 95.2 94.6 95.5 91.9 92.7 90.5 93.5 70-99 YRS OLD 93.6 94.2 94.2 94.9 88.1 88.9 90.3 91.4 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 52 Table 6.13 Percentage of Adults with a Telephone by Labor Force Status Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail NOVEMBER 1983 TOTAL CNP 92.8 94.5 94.1 95.6 82.7 86.6 83.4 86.5 EMPLOYED 94.1 95.9 95.0 96.6 85.7 89.8 86.3 89.6 UNEMPLOYED 82.5 86.5 84.8 88.1 74.6 81.2 76.6 79.9 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.1 93.4 93.8 94.9 80.8 83.7 80.4 83.0 1984 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 92.8 94.5 94.1 95.5 82.9 86.7 83.0 85.6 EMPLOYED 94.0 95.7 95.0 96.4 85.9 89.8 85.7 88.3 UNEMPLOYED 81.7 85.3 84.0 87.0 74.7 80.2 74.0 77.4 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.1 93.5 93.8 95.0 80.7 83.9 80.3 82.8 1985 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 93.0 94.6 94.2 95.6 84.1 87.4 83.5 85.8 EMPLOYED 94.2 95.8 95.0 96.5 87.3 90.4 85.1 87.5 UNEMPLOYED 82.3 85.8 84.2 87.3 76.3 81.1 73.8 76.9 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.2 93.6 93.8 94.9 81.5 84.5 82.6 84.6 1986 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 93.4 94.8 94.6 95.8 84.6 88.1 83.3 85.4 EMPLOYED 94.7 96.1 95.5 96.6 87.7 91.1 85.3 87.4 UNEMPLOYED 82.3 86.0 84.5 87.6 74.8 80.7 75.3 78.2 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.6 93.9 94.1 95.1 82.3 85.4 81.4 83.4 1987 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 93.5 94.9 94.7 95.9 84.7 88.1 84.5 86.4 EMPLOYED 94.6 96.1 95.4 96.7 87.9 91.0 86.3 88.3 UNEMPLOYED 82.7 86.1 85.3 88.2 74.0 79.3 77.0 79.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.7 93.9 94.2 95.2 82.2 85.5 82.5 84.1 1988 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 93.8 95.2 94.9 96.1 85.6 88.7 83.6 86.1 EMPLOYED 94.9 96.2 95.6 96.8 88.5 91.5 85.4 87.7 UNEMPLOYED 83.3 86.8 85.9 88.9 75.4 80.5 76.7 80.3 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.8 94.2 94.3 95.5 83.1 86.0 81.5 84.0 1989 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.1 95.5 95.3 96.4 85.8 89.0 84.7 87.0 EMPLOYED 95.2 96.5 96.0 97.1 88.8 91.7 86.6 89.0 UNEMPLOYED 83.9 87.1 86.2 88.8 77.0 82.5 75.1 78.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.1 94.4 94.7 95.7 82.8 85.9 82.6 84.6 1990 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.2 95.5 95.3 96.5 86.1 88.8 84.5 86.6 EMPLOYED 95.3 96.6 96.0 97.2 89.4 91.8 86.3 88.4 UNEMPLOYED 85.0 88.0 87.9 90.4 75.3 80.0 77.0 80.4 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.0 94.3 94.6 95.6 83.2 85.8 82.4 84.1 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 53 Table 6.13 Percentage of Adults with a Telephone by Labor Force Status Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1991 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.3 95.7 95.5 96.6 86.3 89.1 85.5 87.7 EMPLOYED 95.6 96.8 96.3 97.3 89.8 92.4 87.5 89.6 UNEMPLOYED 86.4 89.5 88.3 91.0 78.9 84.1 78.2 81.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.1 94.4 94.7 95.8 82.6 85.3 83.5 85.4 1992 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.7 95.9 95.8 96.8 86.9 89.8 87.8 89.7 EMPLOYED 95.8 97.0 96.5 97.5 90.1 92.8 89.5 91.6 UNEMPLOYED 88.1 90.3 90.0 91.8 81.2 85.0 83.4 85.8 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.6 94.8 95.2 96.1 83.6 86.5 85.8 87.4 1993 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.0 96.1 96.0 97.0 87.5 90.0 88.2 89.9 EMPLOYED 96.1 97.1 96.8 97.6 90.6 92.8 89.7 91.5 UNEMPLOYED 88.6 90.6 90.7 92.3 80.9 84.7 85.0 87.1 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.8 94.9 95.3 96.2 84.5 87.0 86.1 87.6 1994 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.5 95.9 95.6 96.7 87.9 91.0 87.3 89.2 EMPLOYED 95.6 96.8 96.3 97.3 90.4 93.2 88.5 90.4 UNEMPLOYED 87.8 90.8 89.8 92.2 81.1 86.7 84.1 86.5 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.4 94.8 94.8 95.9 85.4 88.5 85.7 87.6 1995 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.0 96.1 95.9 96.8 89.1 91.4 88.0 89.6 EMPLOYED 95.8 96.7 96.5 97.2 91.2 93.2 88.9 90.4 UNEMPLOYED 88.8 91.7 90.8 93.1 82.3 87.4 84.4 87.2 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.4 94.4 94.8 95.7 84.9 87.3 86.0 87.7 1996 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.9 95.8 95.6 96.4 89.7 91.8 88.4 89.7 EMPLOYED 95.6 96.4 96.2 96.9 91.4 93.0 89.6 90.8 UNEMPLOYED 88.8 91.1 90.1 91.9 85.0 89.5 84.6 86.5 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.4 94.4 94.5 95.3 86.4 88.8 85.6 87.0 1997 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.9 95.8 95.7 96.5 89.3 91.5 88.6 90.2 EMPLOYED 95.6 96.5 96.2 96.9 91.1 92.9 89.5 91.1 UNEMPLOYED 87.8 90.4 89.7 91.4 81.5 87.1 82.4 84.3 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.5 94.4 94.8 95.5 86.4 88.4 86.9 88.4 1998 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.1 95.9 95.7 96.5 90.4 91.9 89.9 91.3 EMPLOYED 95.6 96.4 96.1 96.8 91.9 93.3 90.4 91.8 UNEMPLOYED 89.3 91.4 91.5 93.2 82.9 85.6 85.4 88.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.9 94.7 94.9 95.6 87.8 89.1 89.0 90.2 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 54 Table 6.13 Percentage of Adults with a Telephone by Labor Force Status Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1999 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.2 95.9 95.9 96.5 90.3 91.8 91.2 92.1 EMPLOYED 95.8 96.4 96.3 96.9 91.8 93.2 91.5 92.4 UNEMPLOYED 89.6 91.2 91.6 93.0 83.2 85.4 89.1 90.2 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.1 94.7 95.1 95.7 87.7 89.1 90.7 91.6 2000 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.1 95.8 95.7 96.3 91.0 92.1 91.7 92.6 EMPLOYED 95.7 96.4 96.1 96.8 92.6 93.6 91.9 92.8 UNEMPLOYED 90.5 92.2 92.2 93.5 85.6 88.3 89.3 90.8 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.3 94.9 95.1 95.6 89.1 90.0 91.6 92.4 2001 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.6 96.2 96.2 96.8 91.6 92.7 92.4 93.3 EMPLOYED 96.1 96.8 96.5 97.2 93.1 94.0 92.5 93.3 UNEMPLOYED 92.1 93.4 93.1 94.2 88.5 90.9 91.8 92.5 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.9 95.5 95.7 96.3 89.4 90.6 92.3 93.2 2002 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 96.0 96.8 96.7 97.3 92.0 93.2 92.9 93.8 EMPLOYED 96.7 97.3 97.1 97.7 93.8 94.8 93.2 94.1 UNEMPLOYED 92.1 93.5 93.0 94.3 88.3 90.5 89.8 91.0 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 95.4 96.1 96.3 96.9 89.7 91.0 92.8 93.6 2003 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.9 96.6 96.5 97.1 92.1 93.1 92.6 93.5 EMPLOYED 96.4 97.1 96.8 97.5 93.6 94.5 93.3 94.1 UNEMPLOYED 92.7 94.0 93.6 94.7 88.8 90.6 89.4 91.0 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 95.4 95.9 96.2 96.7 90.4 91.4 92.0 92.9 MARCH 2004 TOTAL CNP 95.0 95.7 95.4 96.1 92.0 92.8 91.7 92.7 EMPLOYED 95.5 96.3 95.8 96.5 93.5 94.1 92.0 93.0 UNEMPLOYED 91.2 92.7 92.0 93.5 87.9 89.4 89.4 90.7 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.5 95.1 95.1 95.6 90.5 91.3 91.7 92.4 JULY 2004 TOTAL CNP 94.8 95.5 95.5 96.2 89.6 90.8 92.0 93.1 EMPLOYED 95.3 96.1 95.8 96.6 91.2 92.7 92.4 93.6 UNEMPLOYED 92.1 93.5 94.5 95.4 84.8 87.6 91.3 92.5 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.0 94.6 94.9 95.5 87.8 88.4 91.3 92.1 NOVEMBER 2004 TOTAL CNP 94.4 95.4 95.0 95.9 90.1 91.8 91.7 92.6 EMPLOYED 94.9 96.0 95.4 96.3 91.5 93.1 92.1 93.1 UNEMPLOYED 91.3 93.2 93.4 94.7 85.3 88.5 92.0 93.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.7 94.5 94.5 95.1 88.8 90.2 90.7 91.3 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 55 Table 6.13 Percentage of Adults with a Telephone by Labor Force Status Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 2004 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.7 95.5 95.3 96.1 90.6 91.8 91.8 92.8 EMPLOYED 95.2 96.1 95.7 96.5 92.1 93.3 92.2 93.2 UNEMPLOYED 91.5 93.1 93.3 94.5 86.0 88.5 90.9 92.3 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.1 94.7 94.8 95.4 89.0 90.0 91.2 91.9 MARCH 2005 TOTAL CNP 93.2 94.4 93.8 94.9 89.6 91.0 89.6 91.0 EMPLOYED 93.7 94.9 94.2 95.3 90.4 91.8 89.5 90.9 UNEMPLOYED 90.1 91.9 90.9 92.8 87.5 89.2 87.2 88.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.7 93.7 93.3 94.3 88.6 90.0 90.3 91.5 JULY 2005 TOTAL CNP 94.8 95.8 95.3 96.2 91.6 93.0 90.4 91.9 EMPLOYED 95.3 96.3 95.7 96.7 92.6 94.1 90.6 92.1 UNEMPLOYED 93.0 94.1 94.1 95.1 89.3 91.3 91.5 92.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.1 94.9 94.7 95.5 90.1 91.3 90.0 91.2 NOVEMBER 2005 TOTAL CNP 93.5 94.6 94.3 95.3 88.3 89.8 90.0 91.5 EMPLOYED 94.2 95.3 94.8 95.8 90.0 91.6 90.1 91.6 UNEMPLOYED 89.7 91.5 92.4 93.9 82.7 85.2 87.6 89.7 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.7 93.6 93.7 94.6 86.6 87.9 89.9 91.4 2005 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 93.8 94.9 94.5 95.5 89.8 91.3 90.0 91.5 EMPLOYED 94.4 95.5 94.9 95.9 91.0 92.5 90.1 91.5 UNEMPLOYED 90.9 92.5 92.5 93.9 86.5 88.6 88.8 90.3 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.2 94.1 93.9 94.8 88.4 89.7 90.1 91.4 MARCH 2006 TOTAL CNP 93.7 94.7 94.3 95.2 89.7 91.1 89.7 91.1 EMPLOYED 94.3 95.4 94.8 95.7 91.0 92.4 90.2 91.7 UNEMPLOYED 90.6 92.0 91.3 92.7 88.5 89.6 87.3 89.1 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.8 93.7 93.6 94.4 87.8 89.1 89.0 90.1 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 6 - 56 Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Alabama $9,999 or less 77.4 77.8 76.7 72.8 75.8 81.4 79.6 81.8 79.1 85.2 83.1 $10,000 - $19,999 91.2 85.1 89.9 91.3 89.1 88.9 85.0 89.0 93.2 93.4 92.7 $20,000 - $29,999 91.0 96.6 96.2 92.2 94.1 97.6 94.9 95.5 95.0 96.3 94.1 $30,000 - $39,999 100.0 99.2 100.0 97.0 100.0 98.6 98.6 96.9 99.0 95.5 96.1 $40,000 or more 98.3 100.0 99.4 99.1 99.0 100.0 99.1 98.3 97.6 99.1 94.4 All Households 89.0 88.5 89.3 87.4 88.6 90.8 88.6 90.2 90.5 92.7 90.8 Alaska $9,999 or less 61.5 69.3 62.8 73.5 69.8 59.9 71.7 66.1 81.5 63.8 72.0 $10,000 - $19,999 80.2 83.6 74.2 74.0 78.8 76.2 83.3 84.4 83.9 88.4 82.2 $20,000 - $29,999 90.9 90.7 93.2 88.1 89.8 86.5 91.1 90.9 90.8 90.5 94.9 $30,000 - $39,999 92.3 95.3 94.5 97.8 91.4 93.3 96.4 96.1 94.3 91.9 100.0 $40,000 or more 96.0 95.7 96.7 99.7 98.1 96.8 98.5 98.7 97.2 99.1 98.9 All Households 85.9 89.4 88.5 88.5 87.5 84.2 89.9 89.7 90.9 90.0 91.6 Arizona $9,999 or less 73.6 69.4 82.9 76.6 80.4 73.6 74.6 83.5 84.2 79.3 87.5 $10,000 - $19,999 91.7 90.0 84.2 83.5 85.2 87.9 91.5 93.0 90.7 94.6 91.9 $20,000 - $29,999 94.1 88.9 94.5 92.3 92.5 95.7 92.6 94.2 97.0 98.2 94.3 $30,000 - $39,999 97.3 92.5 97.2 93.5 98.9 98.1 98.2 99.0 97.7 97.2 96.5 $40,000 or more 99.6 97.7 95.4 97.0 97.3 98.4 99.5 100.0 99.1 98.9 100.0 All Households 90.0 86.6 90.3 88.4 90.7 90.6 91.2 93.5 93.6 93.3 93.7 Arkansas $9,999 or less 78.3 74.4 77.0 74.9 69.6 72.3 75.6 77.4 75.7 80.2 81.7 $10,000 - $19,999 85.7 88.9 81.6 85.0 81.8 80.4 91.4 87.3 88.0 86.0 89.7 $20,000 - $29,999 95.1 91.5 94.9 98.6 94.3 92.0 91.9 93.0 91.4 94.1 95.5 $30,000 - $39,999 96.5 91.7 97.2 95.5 99.0 100.0 98.3 100.0 97.9 97.6 97.0 $40,000 or more 98.4 100.0 96.8 97.6 93.7 98.9 96.5 97.6 97.1 98.8 98.1 All Households 87.2 85.7 85.9 87.1 83.8 84.3 88.3 88.1 87.2 88.7 90.1 California $9,999 or less 82.9 80.3 82.3 84.5 86.9 85.9 84.3 87.5 85.9 87.7 89.0 $10,000 - $19,999 90.5 90.6 92.3 91.1 93.6 94.7 93.9 92.9 94.3 94.1 93.0 $20,000 - $29,999 95.5 95.4 93.6 95.8 95.4 94.8 96.7 96.3 96.6 96.1 95.6 $30,000 - $39,999 97.7 96.6 97.3 98.1 97.2 98.5 97.7 98.6 98.6 98.4 97.3 $40,000 or more 98.1 99.1 99.0 99.1 98.5 99.2 98.2 99.1 98.8 99.3 98.9 All Households 92.6 92.6 93.3 94.1 94.7 95.0 94.7 95.1 95.0 95.2 94.8 Colorado $9,999 or less 86.9 93.0 85.9 85.2 82.8 90.0 86.1 80.3 86.9 90.7 91.6 $10,000 - $19,999 90.4 93.1 94.2 90.4 93.9 96.6 97.1 93.0 94.5 95.5 94.7 $20,000 - $29,999 97.8 98.0 96.3 95.1 98.4 97.5 95.1 98.9 96.0 97.5 95.8 $30,000 - $39,999 98.6 99.3 98.4 97.0 100.0 100.0 99.1 99.0 100.0 100.0 98.3 $40,000 or more 99.6 97.6 97.6 97.5 100.0 99.1 99.0 100.0 100.0 99.3 97.8 All Households 94.6 96.2 94.8 93.0 94.9 96.2 94.8 94.0 95.4 96.5 95.6 Connecticut $9,999 or less 80.5 71.4 91.7 92.5 91.4 86.9 88.6 85.6 85.5 89.1 88.7 $10,000 - $19,999 93.5 94.8 97.2 95.6 91.0 98.0 95.8 98.2 95.7 97.0 91.3 $20,000 - $29,999 97.0 99.0 97.6 97.8 96.0 98.3 100.0 98.3 100.0 98.2 99.3 $30,000 - $39,999 99.0 100.0 98.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.7 100.0 98.9 100.0 98.7 $40,000 or more 99.3 99.4 100.0 100.0 99.5 99.4 99.3 100.0 99.5 100.0 100.0 All Households 94.7 94.1 97.6 97.7 96.0 97.4 97.3 97.2 97.1 97.5 96.2 Delaware $9,999 or less 87.3 89.6 87.2 90.3 95.0 86.6 89.0 94.4 89.1 95.1 88.7 $10,000 - $19,999 92.1 94.8 93.6 96.3 92.6 93.8 92.8 96.6 92.6 90.2 92.3 $20,000 - $29,999 98.4 98.3 98.1 97.9 97.4 96.9 96.7 96.2 97.5 98.6 97.5 $30,000 - $39,999 98.4 98.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.9 100.0 98.3 98.6 100.0 100.0 $40,000 or more 99.5 100.0 98.8 99.4 100.0 99.2 99.1 98.5 99.0 100.0 99.4 All Households 95.5 96.3 95.2 96.6 97.1 95.3 95.8 96.8 95.5 96.9 95.6 District of Columbia $9,999 or less 92.5 84.8 81.7 81.5 81.8 89.5 84.8 87.3 79.5 68.3 72.9 $10,000 - $19,999 94.6 91.5 91.8 88.6 91.5 95.0 91.4 87.7 90.8 86.0 92.8 $20,000 - $29,999 97.2 93.9 95.4 94.0 96.8 98.5 97.4 95.2 92.4 92.6 96.7 $30,000 - $39,999 98.6 99.0 97.4 93.0 98.7 100.0 96.5 97.4 96.3 96.2 94.1 $40,000 or more 98.7 97.5 98.3 99.2 96.9 97.0 99.4 98.4 96.3 99.5 96.1 All Households 95.9 92.0 91.9 91.4 92.9 95.6 93.2 92.4 90.2 87.9 89.1 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 57 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Alabama 79.9 81.9 78.0 83.6 79.5 82.2 84.6 83.9 81.1 82.5 80.7 95.6 95.6 92.5 94.7 90.4 89.3 91.6 91.0 91.0 93.1 91.8 96.1 97.3 95.7 97.2 96.6 95.9 93.1 94.0 94.2 95.8 94.4 100.0 92.9 100.0 98.2 98.3 97.2 97.1 98.4 94.8 95.8 97.2 98.7 97.2 97.5 99.1 100.0 95.9 96.1 99.0 98.9 95.8 94.3 92.5 91.8 91.3 93.6 92.0 91.3 91.7 92.4 91.3 91.8 90.2 Alaska 76.1 82.9 74.1 79.7 86.8 89.0 88.0 92.9 91.4 88.9 87.3 95.0 95.0 91.5 89.8 88.2 97.0 92.9 94.6 96.3 95.2 93.2 95.0 96.7 94.9 96.7 95.7 94.2 98.3 97.9 95.6 95.2 96.7 94.9 100.0 100.0 96.3 99.0 94.8 97.6 98.0 98.8 98.3 95.3 99.7 96.3 99.1 95.9 98.7 97.7 99.1 99.4 99.5 98.1 98.6 94.0 95.4 94.3 92.8 94.8 95.5 96.3 97.4 97.0 95.8 95.3 Arizona 81.9 86.9 82.4 79.5 79.1 88.6 87.6 86.8 87.8 85.6 85.3 91.3 88.4 86.8 92.0 90.2 90.8 90.5 94.2 94.8 95.2 92.6 94.3 98.0 96.4 95.0 94.8 97.4 93.3 96.9 95.7 91.3 95.2 98.7 99.1 95.2 95.6 94.0 96.3 97.9 98.4 100.0 97.8 95.5 96.9 98.1 95.7 97.9 98.8 99.2 98.2 99.2 99.8 96.6 95.3 92.0 93.0 90.3 91.5 91.7 94.4 93.4 95.3 95.5 93.2 92.7 Arkansas 80.8 72.4 78.8 77.2 77.7 80.3 79.8 85.9 82.7 79.9 80.0 88.5 86.9 87.7 83.8 87.7 89.1 93.6 89.4 92.4 89.9 84.8 94.0 90.7 94.2 92.9 94.7 95.5 96.2 96.0 96.1 94.0 88.8 96.3 96.7 96.7 96.7 96.6 97.5 97.2 98.2 97.5 97.2 95.6 97.1 97.8 98.7 98.9 100.0 96.6 99.0 97.8 99.5 98.5 97.3 89.3 86.1 88.7 86.4 88.8 90.1 91.3 92.2 92.1 90.0 87.8 California 87.7 87.0 87.7 89.4 89.2 90.1 90.6 94.3 93.1 92.5 90.4 95.0 94.1 91.6 95.4 92.6 96.3 95.3 96.0 95.8 95.1 93.7 95.1 97.0 96.0 95.0 96.0 95.8 97.3 98.5 97.8 96.6 95.9 97.9 97.2 97.3 96.3 97.1 96.5 97.3 97.9 98.9 96.8 95.6 99.1 98.3 97.8 97.4 97.8 97.6 98.2 99.3 99.2 97.8 97.2 95.0 94.6 94.0 94.9 94.6 95.6 96.0 97.4 97.1 96.0 94.8 Colorado 86.0 87.4 88.0 81.1 89.5 91.4 87.1 94.6 92.6 92.0 88.7 96.9 94.7 96.9 96.0 92.2 94.9 95.6 94.8 94.9 94.5 92.7 99.2 99.0 97.9 97.0 95.9 96.5 95.6 95.0 96.9 97.5 94.5 99.3 99.1 99.1 93.7 95.6 95.0 97.7 99.3 99.3 97.3 94.7 98.2 98.5 98.8 97.7 99.3 96.2 97.7 99.1 99.4 99.3 98.0 96.3 96.2 96.5 94.2 95.4 95.2 95.3 96.9 96.9 96.5 94.4 Connecticut 87.3 96.6 85.9 74.2 80.9 90.2 91.4 90.1 92.5 94.6 85.8 95.9 96.9 95.2 96.9 98.4 94.6 93.4 98.2 96.7 97.5 91.2 100.0 99.3 98.5 95.5 99.4 98.2 97.3 97.7 98.8 99.4 95.1 100.0 98.6 100.0 95.0 98.3 94.5 97.7 99.3 99.1 98.7 95.7 98.9 99.4 98.3 97.9 98.7 97.1 97.3 98.7 99.3 99.0 95.9 96.3 98.3 95.6 92.7 95.3 95.4 95.8 97.3 97.5 97.9 93.0 Delaware 89.7 88.7 94.4 97.3 97.2 91.7 91.4 92.8 91.2 94.0 87.8 94.7 98.0 91.5 96.0 97.2 97.9 95.4 96.2 96.0 96.2 89.1 96.9 94.2 97.7 99.1 97.1 97.8 98.2 98.5 98.6 98.4 90.9 97.4 97.4 100.0 95.1 98.8 98.8 97.0 98.9 96.8 95.5 94.4 100.0 97.4 95.2 98.5 100.0 98.9 98.3 98.1 98.4 98.5 93.1 96.0 95.3 95.2 97.4 98.2 97.4 96.5 97.3 96.7 96.9 91.1 District of Columbia 83.2 81.4 81.1 86.1 88.4 86.6 91.7 87.0 89.4 88.0 83.4 91.4 93.6 93.7 93.7 91.2 87.6 94.4 94.2 94.6 93.3 88.7 96.8 97.4 93.2 89.7 89.1 90.3 96.3 94.8 95.2 96.4 93.1 98.5 98.4 98.5 94.3 93.8 92.0 99.4 96.9 97.9 97.8 92.8 97.2 98.1 97.5 96.1 98.8 97.4 93.9 97.9 99.0 99.3 97.3 92.3 92.5 91.4 91.7 92.4 91.0 94.6 94.0 95.0 95.0 91.1 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 58 Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Florida $9,999 or less 80.2 77.0 74.7 80.2 82.4 83.2 83.6 84.2 86.4 84.7 84.2 $10,000 - $19,999 87.9 87.6 88.2 89.0 91.6 88.0 91.4 91.4 93.0 93.8 91.1 $20,000 - $29,999 94.8 92.6 93.3 94.6 95.5 95.5 94.8 96.2 97.2 95.9 96.1 $30,000 - $39,999 96.8 98.3 96.6 96.5 97.3 97.6 97.7 99.3 98.9 98.4 97.1 $40,000 or more 99.1 97.7 98.1 98.9 99.0 98.1 98.8 99.7 98.5 99.3 98.7 All Households 89.9 88.9 89.1 91.2 92.8 91.7 92.6 93.2 94.1 93.5 92.4 Georgia $9,999 or less 69.1 75.0 73.3 70.0 81.9 79.5 80.3 76.5 77.7 81.9 88.6 $10,000 - $19,999 85.7 86.4 88.3 81.8 88.7 88.5 88.2 90.1 92.0 95.2 91.2 $20,000 - $29,999 91.5 95.7 92.4 95.8 94.2 94.2 92.6 97.1 93.9 97.8 94.1 $30,000 - $39,999 98.7 100.0 97.2 97.8 98.9 98.4 98.7 98.7 98.1 99.3 95.7 $40,000 or more 97.8 99.8 99.1 98.1 99.3 98.8 98.7 98.5 99.1 98.6 98.0 All Households 85.9 89.3 88.0 87.7 92.0 91.0 91.0 91.1 90.5 93.5 93.2 Hawaii $9,999 or less 76.1 74.6 80.1 85.7 85.9 83.4 89.6 81.1 78.0 86.7 84.6 $10,000 - $19,999 93.4 93.7 92.6 90.0 95.4 96.5 94.2 92.2 95.1 91.5 92.7 $20,000 - $29,999 100.0 98.7 100.0 98.9 95.2 95.5 98.4 97.0 97.8 93.7 93.3 $30,000 - $39,999 97.2 96.6 98.5 97.2 98.7 98.5 99.1 98.3 96.8 97.5 98.2 $40,000 or more 99.3 98.7 98.0 99.4 97.4 100.0 99.4 99.4 99.5 98.6 98.0 All Households 94.0 93.4 94.4 94.7 95.3 95.7 96.7 94.8 95.1 94.6 94.6 Idaho $9,999 or less 78.4 78.6 79.6 81.4 82.8 79.8 86.7 86.9 82.3 87.5 87.0 $10,000 - $19,999 89.6 92.4 92.0 89.3 93.4 92.3 88.9 88.5 91.2 92.2 93.6 $20,000 - $29,999 94.7 96.7 96.3 96.0 96.8 98.0 97.6 96.7 96.2 99.4 98.3 $30,000 - $39,999 98.7 98.2 98.0 98.1 98.8 100.0 96.5 97.8 98.9 99.2 99.1 $40,000 or more 99.1 100.0 98.9 100.0 97.3 96.8 99.6 98.4 99.6 99.2 99.1 All Households 90.6 92.0 91.8 91.2 92.7 92.0 92.8 92.3 92.2 94.5 95.0 Illinois $9,999 or less 87.8 84.6 82.5 85.2 84.5 85.8 84.4 83.3 83.7 82.3 81.3 $10,000 - $19,999 95.8 94.2 94.5 92.0 93.6 92.5 92.5 91.4 94.0 93.3 92.8 $20,000 - $29,999 96.8 98.1 95.6 96.6 96.7 98.4 96.9 98.1 97.1 97.3 97.7 $30,000 - $39,999 99.7 97.9 98.0 97.9 99.2 97.6 99.3 97.9 99.0 99.6 97.5 $40,000 or more 99.0 98.9 98.3 99.3 99.4 98.8 99.2 99.1 99.3 98.4 99.3 All Households 95.6 94.4 93.4 94.1 94.4 94.6 94.5 93.9 94.5 93.7 93.5 Indiana $9,999 or less 80.4 78.1 82.9 81.5 80.1 76.7 85.5 85.6 70.0 79.8 87.7 $10,000 - $19,999 90.9 89.0 92.4 88.5 90.0 93.0 89.2 89.9 89.4 86.5 89.8 $20,000 - $29,999 97.7 98.6 96.0 95.3 97.3 98.6 94.7 97.4 97.6 98.6 95.8 $30,000 - $39,999 98.8 99.3 97.3 97.5 96.5 99.2 98.2 98.0 98.6 97.8 93.7 $40,000 or more 98.0 98.3 98.6 98.6 99.3 98.5 98.9 97.9 100.0 99.4 100.0 All Households 92.0 91.7 93.0 91.3 91.6 93.0 92.3 92.8 89.4 91.3 92.8 Iowa $9,999 or less 89.7 91.1 87.8 86.8 83.8 91.0 93.8 88.9 87.8 89.1 93.1 $10,000 - $19,999 96.6 95.5 97.0 96.8 96.3 97.9 95.2 94.6 96.1 95.8 95.4 $20,000 - $29,999 97.3 96.7 96.9 98.2 98.2 99.4 98.9 98.7 96.7 98.8 98.0 $30,000 - $39,999 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.5 100.0 98.2 $40,000 or more 99.0 99.7 99.1 98.1 98.9 99.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.0 100.0 All Households 95.8 95.9 95.5 95.6 94.6 97.3 97.2 95.7 95.3 96.0 96.5 Kansas $9,999 or less 86.5 88.8 90.1 92.2 86.9 91.6 89.2 86.8 86.6 89.7 82.1 $10,000 - $19,999 92.9 91.2 91.1 93.9 93.4 88.4 94.0 93.1 95.2 95.8 94.0 $20,000 - $29,999 97.7 97.0 93.7 96.5 98.5 98.6 97.2 96.2 94.9 99.0 99.6 $30,000 - $39,999 99.0 99.5 99.2 98.7 100.0 98.0 98.8 98.5 100.0 99.1 98.5 $40,000 or more 100.0 99.1 97.9 97.9 100.0 99.4 100.0 98.6 100.0 100.0 99.1 All Households 94.5 94.8 93.8 95.5 95.3 94.5 95.5 94.3 94.8 96.5 94.1 Kentucky $9,999 or less 72.1 79.1 75.4 73.8 76.0 78.8 79.2 75.2 77.6 80.8 78.9 $10,000 - $19,999 89.2 88.7 86.8 90.4 90.9 89.0 87.9 89.7 91.8 91.8 94.7 $20,000 - $29,999 93.5 94.6 94.8 90.5 96.2 95.1 98.4 93.9 96.0 97.6 92.3 $30,000 - $39,999 94.2 95.8 95.8 97.3 94.4 98.6 98.7 100.0 97.9 97.3 96.3 $40,000 or more 97.3 98.4 100.0 98.9 100.0 100.0 98.8 99.0 100.0 100.0 99.3 All Households 87.1 89.1 87.3 87.5 89.5 89.5 90.4 89.2 90.2 90.9 90.1 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 59 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Florida 86.7 86.6 84.4 85.4 87.8 85.6 84.2 89.7 89.8 88.3 85.4 93.7 94.0 92.0 93.6 91.5 90.2 91.1 94.3 94.4 92.4 90.5 97.2 95.8 95.4 95.6 92.8 94.5 95.4 97.5 96.4 93.3 93.6 97.2 95.9 94.7 97.8 95.2 97.1 97.1 96.8 97.3 96.2 93.7 98.0 97.8 97.7 97.3 97.3 96.9 95.3 97.0 98.9 97.4 94.5 93.9 93.4 92.1 93.3 92.6 92.4 92.3 94.7 95.1 93.2 91.3 Georgia 81.0 86.1 81.6 78.4 78.7 81.4 86.0 87.3 86.0 80.7 83.1 90.6 88.4 87.8 90.0 90.7 90.2 90.6 90.9 92.8 92.0 86.3 96.8 94.8 95.4 91.1 94.7 93.2 92.8 95.2 97.2 92.8 93.3 96.5 97.0 97.9 93.3 98.5 95.1 95.1 96.5 98.5 98.3 93.7 95.4 95.7 93.9 97.4 99.0 98.1 96.0 98.9 98.9 95.5 95.8 91.4 92.0 90.4 90.3 92.5 91.9 92.1 93.8 94.8 91.8 90.1 Hawaii 83.5 88.8 89.9 85.4 87.2 88.9 93.6 92.5 93.9 91.6 92.4 91.7 86.7 89.8 92.8 93.2 90.2 95.9 96.2 98.4 96.8 92.6 99.1 97.1 96.4 97.6 97.6 94.2 96.6 96.7 98.5 97.9 95.1 100.0 92.7 97.2 98.2 100.0 95.2 95.6 99.6 100.0 96.9 95.6 98.8 98.7 99.3 100.0 100.0 97.4 97.7 99.5 98.5 97.5 96.9 95.5 93.9 94.9 95.0 95.8 93.6 96.3 97.1 97.8 96.3 95.0 Idaho 83.9 85.6 87.9 85.6 81.9 84.4 87.6 91.1 88.2 89.4 90.0 94.8 91.0 95.8 90.2 93.6 93.9 94.9 92.5 95.0 96.6 91.6 98.2 98.2 96.5 93.0 95.8 94.4 96.5 97.8 96.3 98.9 96.7 98.9 96.7 97.1 98.6 97.9 97.2 92.2 98.3 99.0 97.9 99.4 95.7 99.1 98.4 98.5 97.9 100.0 95.4 98.9 99.2 98.8 95.3 94.2 93.6 95.0 92.5 93.3 93.7 93.4 95.4 95.5 96.6 94.4 Illinois 81.4 83.3 83.2 81.7 75.3 78.8 81.9 83.9 80.0 81.9 81.6 92.3 92.0 92.5 91.4 89.9 92.6 89.1 91.9 93.0 88.6 87.9 95.3 95.8 96.7 93.0 94.2 94.3 93.2 94.9 92.9 91.3 90.8 97.0 93.6 96.8 97.4 96.9 97.9 93.7 96.9 96.9 92.4 92.7 98.9 98.6 97.9 97.6 97.1 97.7 96.3 98.1 98.0 96.4 94.5 92.9 93.1 93.5 92.6 91.3 93.0 91.4 93.5 92.3 90.5 89.6 Indiana 83.2 92.7 91.6 84.5 83.3 92.4 85.3 88.5 87.5 83.9 83.3 94.8 92.3 93.3 90.6 97.1 92.7 93.5 94.1 91.4 91.5 90.5 98.2 96.8 94.6 98.7 95.1 98.4 96.2 95.9 98.0 92.0 94.7 100.0 94.8 96.8 97.9 96.4 99.0 98.8 98.9 95.8 93.2 90.6 99.2 97.6 95.9 97.2 96.9 96.4 96.6 98.0 98.5 96.8 96.7 94.2 94.7 94.3 93.9 93.8 95.7 94.0 94.8 94.1 91.6 91.3 Iowa 88.8 91.3 87.7 93.3 92.5 90.1 94.7 95.0 93.2 91.0 92.2 95.6 92.5 96.3 96.8 97.1 96.3 97.0 95.0 95.1 93.7 96.5 98.7 99.2 98.1 95.1 94.2 97.3 99.2 98.7 98.3 96.2 97.0 99.0 99.1 97.9 100.0 99.4 97.5 98.3 97.1 99.1 97.1 96.1 99.3 98.1 100.0 98.5 97.9 100.0 98.6 99.8 98.7 98.5 99.2 96.0 95.8 96.1 96.6 96.2 96.5 97.6 97.1 96.7 95.2 96.3 Kansas 89.3 85.5 87.0 91.2 94.4 83.2 79.3 88.6 89.1 87.9 86.4 93.1 93.7 92.4 89.9 94.7 93.8 91.3 95.2 94.9 91.9 93.4 97.8 96.9 98.6 100.0 96.8 96.7 97.7 96.1 97.9 97.0 97.2 98.7 99.2 100.0 97.2 100.0 99.0 97.5 99.3 98.6 96.1 97.7 99.7 97.4 100.0 99.0 100.0 98.9 98.0 99.5 99.6 98.3 98.0 94.8 93.6 94.9 95.2 97.0 94.1 92.5 95.7 96.0 94.2 94.1 Kentucky 78.1 81.0 87.7 83.4 81.1 90.4 84.8 90.2 84.7 85.3 85.4 93.9 91.7 90.0 94.7 94.7 91.3 87.8 94.2 93.8 88.9 91.4 97.1 96.5 96.9 98.1 96.4 95.5 96.1 98.6 98.1 94.9 89.7 97.8 100.0 99.1 98.7 98.7 97.2 98.9 99.4 98.5 95.1 95.9 100.0 94.8 96.2 99.2 99.4 97.9 96.9 98.4 99.4 97.2 95.3 91.2 91.3 93.1 94.1 93.4 93.9 91.9 95.7 94.2 91.5 90.6 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 60 Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Louisiana $9,999 or less 80.9 79.6 78.2 72.2 68.8 79.7 77.5 85.3 84.2 77.3 81.7 $10,000 - $19,999 88.0 91.1 89.8 82.5 88.1 89.8 94.3 93.7 91.2 92.5 93.4 $20,000 - $29,999 94.1 95.1 94.9 95.2 97.8 98.8 97.2 98.0 97.9 95.7 95.0 $30,000 - $39,999 97.0 99.2 97.3 100.0 97.9 98.7 99.1 97.2 99.5 100.0 98.4 $40,000 or more 98.0 99.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.3 99.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.1 All Households 89.6 90.7 90.6 87.1 87.1 90.8 90.5 93.0 92.7 90.4 91.6 Maine $9,999 or less 83.1 87.3 83.9 92.1 88.0 86.6 91.7 86.9 82.4 91.8 86.7 $10,000 - $19,999 94.0 91.4 96.0 88.4 92.6 94.8 95.0 96.4 89.3 95.7 96.7 $20,000 - $29,999 98.5 99.3 94.8 97.1 96.8 98.7 96.7 96.9 95.8 99.3 96.4 $30,000 - $39,999 100.0 98.9 96.0 97.0 98.9 97.8 100.0 100.0 98.5 100.0 100.0 $40,000 or more 100.0 98.2 98.6 100.0 98.2 100.0 100.0 99.0 98.6 100.0 100.0 All Households 94.3 94.2 92.8 94.2 94.3 95.2 96.5 95.6 91.8 96.9 95.0 Maryland $9,999 or less 87.0 85.3 82.5 85.4 86.3 78.7 83.0 92.2 86.2 86.6 95.5 $10,000 - $19,999 94.9 90.6 95.4 95.5 95.2 97.1 94.6 94.6 93.8 94.7 94.3 $20,000 - $29,999 97.9 97.6 97.9 97.3 99.1 95.5 96.8 100.0 97.8 98.3 94.1 $30,000 - $39,999 99.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.4 100.0 98.5 97.3 98.8 96.1 95.8 $40,000 or more 98.5 99.7 99.6 100.0 99.2 100.0 99.5 99.2 98.9 100.0 97.3 All Households 96.2 95.3 95.8 96.3 96.5 95.8 95.5 97.3 95.7 95.9 95.6 Massachusetts $9,999 or less 88.2 87.9 89.0 89.9 88.7 88.3 90.0 90.1 91.8 91.3 92.0 $10,000 - $19,999 93.1 95.0 95.4 94.8 96.9 95.0 94.5 95.4 94.8 97.0 95.6 $20,000 - $29,999 97.7 97.3 97.2 99.2 98.6 99.1 98.3 98.2 98.4 98.9 96.0 $30,000 - $39,999 100.0 98.5 98.7 98.8 98.7 98.4 99.5 99.7 99.2 99.3 98.0 $40,000 or more 99.1 99.4 99.5 99.4 99.8 99.8 99.6 99.6 99.7 99.9 98.8 All Households 95.7 95.9 96.2 96.7 96.9 96.6 96.7 96.6 96.9 97.4 96.2 Michigan $9,999 or less 80.9 81.0 85.0 82.7 84.5 84.3 82.7 84.2 81.1 90.2 89.6 $10,000 - $19,999 93.2 92.2 91.8 95.3 93.6 94.2 93.2 94.6 94.9 95.1 93.8 $20,000 - $29,999 97.8 96.9 97.2 95.9 97.1 95.9 97.0 98.9 97.8 97.8 98.1 $30,000 - $39,999 99.1 98.7 97.7 99.1 99.1 99.1 98.7 98.4 99.1 99.7 98.5 $40,000 or more 99.7 99.5 98.9 98.8 99.2 99.6 99.5 99.5 99.3 99.6 99.2 All Households 93.3 92.7 93.6 94.2 94.5 94.6 94.2 94.7 94.1 96.3 95.6 Minnesota $9,999 or less 85.2 90.4 85.5 87.3 92.3 90.4 89.6 92.6 86.2 93.5 87.4 $10,000 - $19,999 95.7 97.9 95.7 96.1 95.5 96.6 96.1 97.5 99.5 98.8 97.5 $20,000 - $29,999 99.7 99.3 99.2 98.2 100.0 98.2 98.5 98.0 100.0 98.5 98.4 $30,000 - $39,999 99.7 97.8 99.1 98.9 98.4 97.6 98.8 97.4 100.0 99.0 100.0 $40,000 or more 99.5 99.5 100.0 99.4 99.3 100.0 99.3 100.0 100.0 99.4 100.0 All Households 95.9 97.1 95.6 95.9 97.1 96.5 96.5 97.2 97.0 97.7 96.5 Mississippi $9,999 or less 71.3 69.1 65.5 68.2 74.2 68.7 76.9 73.5 76.9 75.7 78.6 $10,000 - $19,999 79.0 81.4 86.5 84.3 79.4 86.3 87.5 88.3 88.5 88.9 91.5 $20,000 - $29,999 92.0 92.7 90.8 94.2 93.1 95.0 94.4 93.8 94.0 95.9 94.5 $30,000 - $39,999 96.3 91.6 93.9 96.5 93.3 98.9 100.0 100.0 97.7 96.0 96.0 $40,000 or more 98.4 97.2 97.9 95.4 98.9 98.9 100.0 98.8 97.3 97.3 96.1 All Households 81.9 81.7 82.1 82.8 83.9 84.7 88.1 86.4 86.9 87.0 88.9 Missouri $9,999 or less 82.5 83.3 83.8 78.8 78.4 77.6 81.2 85.6 88.6 80.1 83.2 $10,000 - $19,999 90.4 90.8 91.1 92.3 96.1 91.9 87.9 92.9 91.5 94.7 91.8 $20,000 - $29,999 96.9 96.9 97.4 93.4 97.3 98.5 96.3 99.0 100.0 97.6 96.4 $30,000 - $39,999 99.2 98.5 99.2 98.4 98.1 96.1 98.7 98.9 100.0 99.2 94.4 $40,000 or more 99.4 100.0 98.0 100.0 99.4 97.5 100.0 98.2 99.0 100.0 100.0 All Households 92.2 92.8 93.1 91.5 93.0 91.0 91.9 94.2 94.8 92.8 92.1 Montana $9,999 or less 79.6 84.0 81.2 78.3 81.4 80.4 80.2 77.9 80.5 84.6 91.3 $10,000 - $19,999 88.7 90.2 95.8 93.0 95.6 94.5 92.7 94.2 94.4 95.1 94.6 $20,000 - $29,999 96.4 97.8 97.8 94.9 90.7 96.9 95.0 95.9 96.6 97.9 96.4 $30,000 - $39,999 97.4 97.7 98.9 100.0 98.9 100.0 98.3 98.6 98.5 100.0 98.5 $40,000 or more 100.0 98.2 98.6 97.7 97.9 97.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.7 99.2 All Households 90.3 92.2 93.1 91.3 91.1 92.6 91.7 91.5 92.6 94.5 95.4 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 61 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Louisiana 81.9 79.5 81.7 84.2 82.3 85.4 86.7 84.1 82.8 85.2 80.8 90.3 95.0 93.6 93.6 91.7 92.2 92.5 91.2 94.6 90.9 87.4 96.4 93.2 95.0 97.1 90.5 91.2 96.5 93.3 98.4 89.0 94.1 100.0 93.9 92.4 97.9 94.1 90.7 100.0 96.2 98.7 98.5 98.7 98.1 97.8 98.3 98.0 98.8 96.0 98.0 97.1 98.4 98.3 96.3 91.0 90.5 91.2 93.5 90.6 90.9 93.3 91.4 93.2 91.2 89.9 Maine 88.4 91.9 90.5 92.6 94.5 98.0 97.7 96.5 96.4 91.8 91.2 94.0 94.8 90.3 93.2 95.6 97.5 97.6 97.9 96.3 95.8 97.0 98.9 98.7 95.6 97.8 98.6 98.4 97.6 99.5 99.4 99.7 95.5 100.0 100.0 95.3 98.5 100.0 100.0 98.9 98.9 100.0 98.5 96.8 100.0 98.1 98.9 100.0 100.0 99.2 99.3 98.7 99.7 98.5 97.5 95.4 96.5 93.7 95.9 97.6 98.5 98.2 98.2 98.1 96.4 95.4 Maryland 87.1 92.1 85.9 89.7 91.6 91.2 87.5 90.2 95.7 90.5 83.1 93.3 93.3 96.9 93.7 93.7 94.1 92.2 94.5 98.4 90.4 90.2 96.2 95.6 96.2 94.9 99.3 96.9 95.1 99.0 95.6 96.2 96.2 98.0 96.8 97.0 97.3 100.0 97.9 98.2 97.9 100.0 92.3 96.3 98.0 100.0 98.0 100.0 98.3 98.4 99.5 99.3 99.8 98.4 96.5 94.8 96.2 95.3 96.1 97.0 96.4 95.5 96.8 98.3 94.6 93.1 Massachusetts 90.7 87.3 91.7 84.3 90.2 89.8 90.8 94.4 93.3 93.9 90.3 94.7 94.5 93.0 93.3 93.8 89.2 91.9 93.2 97.4 95.3 94.0 96.4 96.1 97.1 97.8 94.5 95.5 98.6 96.1 98.2 98.6 91.7 99.2 98.6 100.0 97.7 97.0 97.1 98.5 97.3 98.5 97.9 95.4 98.7 99.1 98.2 97.4 98.7 97.7 98.5 97.5 98.9 98.6 96.0 96.0 95.2 95.9 94.1 95.2 94.0 95.8 95.9 97.3 96.9 93.8 Michigan 87.6 84.2 86.0 87.1 83.5 88.1 86.6 86.4 89.1 87.6 84.5 96.2 92.9 92.9 95.0 93.3 95.7 95.2 93.2 94.5 93.3 91.3 97.1 96.1 98.3 96.9 95.3 97.6 95.4 96.2 95.7 93.9 91.4 96.5 97.8 98.6 96.7 97.3 97.0 99.5 97.6 97.0 96.2 95.9 98.7 99.3 98.5 98.9 98.4 98.6 98.7 98.7 98.8 98.2 96.1 95.3 94.0 94.9 95.1 93.9 95.8 95.3 94.7 95.0 94.0 91.7 Minnesota 93.9 95.8 91.7 90.0 86.5 94.1 90.7 92.1 87.7 93.8 92.0 96.9 96.5 96.8 98.3 92.6 98.8 96.3 95.8 94.5 96.2 94.9 95.6 96.6 100.0 97.7 98.8 97.9 97.9 97.7 99.3 98.9 95.8 98.4 99.0 97.1 98.9 97.9 97.0 97.3 98.8 99.1 99.4 97.6 99.4 100.0 100.0 99.4 99.1 99.4 99.0 99.9 98.8 99.2 96.4 96.8 97.7 97.4 97.3 95.7 97.8 97.1 97.5 96.7 97.8 95.6 Mississippi 73.6 76.1 76.6 76.4 75.2 76.7 77.8 79.4 82.4 83.6 78.2 88.5 86.1 90.2 89.1 85.0 92.9 86.6 94.9 90.8 90.3 88.7 96.7 91.5 96.8 98.5 94.3 92.6 92.3 94.5 94.3 96.2 91.7 94.5 98.6 98.0 96.0 93.1 90.9 92.4 97.3 98.0 93.7 91.6 99.1 95.6 99.0 97.3 100.0 96.5 97.1 98.5 95.8 98.7 91.6 87.2 86.7 89.4 89.3 87.2 88.9 88.0 90.9 90.4 91.5 87.1 Missouri 85.5 87.3 95.2 84.4 82.7 86.1 93.2 88.3 92.3 81.4 83.7 93.6 98.1 96.2 96.7 94.6 94.5 93.8 93.9 96.4 94.1 90.5 98.4 96.6 96.7 96.5 95.6 96.5 97.1 96.7 100.0 96.3 94.8 96.6 99.0 100.0 98.9 99.2 100.0 98.4 97.8 97.9 98.0 99.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.3 100.0 99.2 99.6 99.1 99.2 98.3 96.1 94.1 96.3 97.5 95.0 94.8 95.5 96.7 95.4 97.2 93.5 92.3 Montana 91.1 89.4 86.3 87.2 88.0 88.0 90.2 92.9 89.1 88.1 86.7 96.7 92.8 93.1 91.3 96.9 95.5 95.8 98.4 95.5 94.4 93.7 97.3 97.8 98.1 97.9 98.7 98.4 97.5 96.5 97.1 96.1 96.0 99.1 100.0 98.8 97.8 99.1 98.5 98.2 97.0 97.4 97.5 97.0 100.0 95.6 99.2 97.2 97.6 99.1 94.0 95.5 98.8 95.9 96.0 96.3 94.2 94.1 93.2 95.6 95.1 94.8 96.1 94.9 93.7 92.9 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 62 Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Nebraska $9,999 or less 90.7 94.2 92.0 89.0 88.1 87.0 86.3 89.4 91.2 91.1 90.7 $10,000 - $19,999 97.1 93.8 93.4 93.1 97.2 96.6 97.6 95.4 98.0 98.7 96.2 $20,000 - $29,999 99.2 98.1 98.9 97.2 100.0 100.0 97.4 97.4 98.3 97.6 99.4 $30,000 - $39,999 100.0 100.0 97.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.2 100.0 99.3 $40,000 or more 100.0 98.7 100.0 99.1 98.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 All Households 96.6 96.5 95.8 94.9 96.4 96.4 95.8 95.9 97.2 97.3 97.0 Nevada $9,999 or less 78.4 85.2 76.9 78.8 77.9 74.9 80.4 78.4 90.0 88.0 78.3 $10,000 - $19,999 89.8 84.5 92.5 91.1 89.6 91.3 91.8 89.2 91.1 92.7 92.3 $20,000 - $29,999 97.7 96.6 93.0 91.7 96.2 95.5 98.1 97.2 97.0 96.2 96.6 $30,000 - $39,999 98.2 95.4 96.7 97.9 96.6 97.1 96.2 99.3 97.5 98.8 95.3 $40,000 or more 98.6 96.3 100.0 100.0 98.7 96.8 99.1 99.4 98.4 100.0 97.2 All Households 93.0 91.4 91.3 92.5 92.0 91.5 93.6 92.9 94.7 95.1 92.6 New Hampshire $9,999 or less 82.2 87.8 84.9 91.7 90.2 88.7 88.3 86.1 82.1 87.4 89.0 $10,000 - $19,999 94.3 89.7 88.1 88.2 95.3 92.2 91.6 95.9 92.9 97.6 94.8 $20,000 - $29,999 98.4 92.6 97.1 92.4 98.0 98.0 96.9 95.3 97.0 98.1 94.0 $30,000 - $39,999 99.0 98.7 97.5 97.5 95.7 98.0 97.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 $40,000 or more 100.0 97.7 100.0 98.5 99.3 98.6 100.0 100.0 98.6 100.0 100.0 All Households 94.8 93.3 94.0 94.1 96.4 95.8 95.9 96.7 94.6 97.2 95.9 New Jersey $9,999 or less 83.2 84.3 80.0 81.6 85.4 86.8 86.6 83.5 84.8 83.2 83.4 $10,000 - $19,999 91.1 94.6 93.9 93.6 89.0 92.5 94.3 92.1 91.1 93.5 93.6 $20,000 - $29,999 96.1 96.6 96.9 94.4 95.4 95.9 95.0 96.6 98.6 94.5 96.0 $30,000 - $39,999 99.1 100.0 98.4 98.3 98.1 96.5 98.5 97.8 98.2 98.5 97.7 $40,000 or more 98.6 99.4 98.9 99.3 99.2 99.0 98.7 99.0 98.9 99.0 97.4 All Households 93.6 95.2 94.5 94.2 94.3 95.1 95.5 94.8 94.9 94.3 94.0 New Mexico $9,999 or less 61.8 67.4 67.8 73.6 70.3 73.8 75.3 71.5 71.7 75.5 80.3 $10,000 - $19,999 81.7 80.8 83.1 87.3 84.7 84.5 83.3 85.7 89.5 88.0 87.2 $20,000 - $29,999 89.8 90.7 89.9 96.8 92.6 97.1 89.2 96.5 95.1 93.7 93.5 $30,000 - $39,999 98.1 96.3 98.1 94.7 93.9 93.4 97.3 93.6 99.5 97.2 97.3 $40,000 or more 99.0 98.2 98.4 99.3 98.6 98.7 99.3 98.9 98.7 99.1 96.2 All Households 82.1 84.3 85.2 88.2 85.5 86.5 86.4 87.3 88.6 88.7 89.4 New York $9,999 or less 78.4 80.4 81.6 82.9 82.2 80.6 75.4 77.7 83.2 84.2 83.7 $10,000 - $19,999 91.9 91.8 92.7 91.8 92.3 94.1 90.7 89.8 92.9 94.5 93.5 $20,000 - $29,999 97.1 96.8 96.9 97.4 96.5 94.1 94.1 95.6 94.6 96.1 95.7 $30,000 - $39,999 98.0 98.1 98.2 97.6 96.8 98.4 96.4 98.5 97.6 97.6 98.0 $40,000 or more 98.5 98.8 98.4 99.1 98.9 98.9 98.3 98.6 99.3 98.5 99.1 All Households 91.4 92.2 92.9 93.3 93.0 92.9 90.9 91.5 93.1 93.7 93.4 North Carolina $9,999 or less 73.5 75.7 78.4 77.5 77.1 82.4 82.7 84.1 83.6 85.0 83.9 $10,000 - $19,999 87.0 89.2 88.1 88.0 88.2 88.3 91.0 91.2 91.4 90.9 93.6 $20,000 - $29,999 96.4 94.6 94.3 94.1 95.5 96.3 95.5 95.3 96.7 96.3 94.5 $30,000 - $39,999 98.5 99.4 98.2 98.0 98.5 99.4 97.9 98.1 97.5 98.5 97.0 $40,000 or more 98.4 99.5 98.9 99.1 99.7 100.0 99.8 100.0 99.5 99.8 99.1 All Households 89.0 89.9 90.1 89.8 90.2 92.1 92.5 92.8 92.7 93.1 92.9 North Dakota $9,999 or less 85.2 85.5 89.5 94.1 92.1 88.9 89.8 90.6 90.0 91.9 89.8 $10,000 - $19,999 95.0 94.9 93.1 98.3 95.0 98.3 97.9 97.6 97.2 98.2 97.1 $20,000 - $29,999 95.7 98.9 98.1 98.6 100.0 97.7 98.3 99.2 98.9 97.5 98.3 $30,000 - $39,999 98.7 100.0 99.1 100.0 100.0 99.2 99.0 99.2 99.2 100.0 97.9 $40,000 or more 99.0 100.0 99.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.0 99.0 100.0 100.0 All Households 93.9 94.9 95.0 97.9 96.8 96.5 96.7 96.7 96.3 97.2 96.3 Ohio $9,999 or less 81.0 77.4 79.1 80.6 82.8 82.2 88.6 85.9 84.4 86.3 85.8 $10,000 - $19,999 93.2 91.0 94.7 94.0 93.5 94.3 95.8 94.2 93.6 93.7 94.8 $20,000 - $29,999 97.0 96.8 96.4 97.6 97.4 97.5 98.0 97.1 97.8 98.0 96.7 $30,000 - $39,999 98.4 96.9 99.2 98.0 99.4 99.5 98.3 97.9 99.4 99.1 98.8 $40,000 or more 99.4 99.3 99.4 98.5 99.4 99.6 99.6 99.8 99.0 99.7 98.7 All Households 93.2 91.6 93.5 93.4 94.2 94.3 96.0 94.8 94.3 95.1 94.6 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 63 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Nebraska 90.9 90.1 92.8 92.5 85.1 96.6 93.1 92.7 89.4 88.9 84.4 98.8 97.5 97.5 94.4 94.8 96.6 97.4 96.7 95.0 92.8 93.5 99.3 98.0 97.4 96.8 98.6 100.0 98.2 95.3 98.7 97.3 96.8 98.0 95.5 100.0 98.5 97.5 100.0 98.8 97.9 99.3 97.8 99.2 97.8 99.2 98.0 97.9 98.9 98.4 98.5 98.9 99.8 98.6 99.3 97.1 96.0 97.0 95.7 94.6 98.1 97.3 96.5 96.4 95.1 94.3 Nevada 78.5 88.4 90.8 79.3 78.2 89.7 89.0 92.1 84.7 86.6 86.8 92.1 90.0 91.3 88.8 93.3 94.0 94.2 93.3 94.7 93.0 89.8 93.4 96.0 92.3 95.4 97.0 95.9 96.2 95.8 96.5 91.7 88.4 97.7 97.4 96.3 100.0 95.1 96.2 96.6 98.2 96.6 96.4 93.4 98.8 99.3 98.0 98.6 95.2 98.8 97.3 99.0 98.1 97.5 92.8 92.3 94.1 93.8 92.5 92.5 95.4 95.1 95.9 94.8 93.3 90.4 New Hampshire 89.7 96.1 93.6 88.6 90.2 95.6 95.3 92.7 90.7 92.0 91.0 92.5 97.8 97.3 93.3 96.3 96.4 96.9 97.0 99.0 93.6 93.4 97.4 98.2 96.4 94.5 96.4 96.6 98.8 99.3 97.1 92.1 96.5 96.4 95.2 98.3 100.0 95.5 100.0 99.1 100.0 98.8 98.1 97.5 99.4 99.1 99.1 98.7 97.6 100.0 99.3 98.7 99.1 98.2 97.2 95.2 97.6 97.1 95.4 95.7 98.0 98.1 97.8 97.4 95.4 95.5 New Jersey 81.9 83.4 88.6 90.0 88.9 89.8 86.2 86.1 91.3 93.2 90.8 88.4 88.3 94.9 94.4 93.4 93.5 95.2 94.7 95.6 90.2 91.6 91.9 91.6 97.1 95.2 95.6 90.5 94.0 97.7 97.5 96.4 96.8 97.5 96.1 97.7 95.8 97.7 98.0 97.0 98.7 97.9 97.5 95.2 96.9 98.2 99.2 99.0 97.0 97.5 98.6 98.5 98.2 98.8 95.4 92.0 92.4 96.1 95.7 94.9 94.5 94.9 95.6 96.5 95.8 94.1 New Mexico 78.0 68.5 69.6 76.2 76.6 85.9 83.0 83.8 81.7 84.7 82.9 87.4 87.1 90.1 87.8 85.6 90.0 90.9 93.7 92.4 89.5 91.0 92.4 91.1 93.0 93.4 91.5 93.9 94.2 95.0 95.7 94.9 95.6 97.5 96.4 95.2 89.8 94.5 91.7 93.1 95.1 97.5 97.9 91.7 100.0 97.9 100.0 97.6 93.1 97.2 95.7 98.2 96.6 97.8 95.0 89.0 84.3 86.0 87.8 86.7 91.3 90.7 92.4 91.6 91.7 90.9 New York 84.8 85.4 87.5 88.5 90.7 92.0 90.7 89.2 90.7 88.9 85.1 94.4 93.3 95.3 95.3 94.3 96.9 94.0 96.6 94.6 93.4 91.5 95.4 96.3 95.4 97.4 96.2 96.8 95.0 98.2 96.4 97.2 91.9 96.2 97.6 97.3 98.4 97.5 97.6 97.7 98.6 98.3 97.7 92.2 98.5 98.4 98.8 98.7 98.1 97.9 97.8 98.7 99.1 98.0 94.6 93.4 93.6 94.5 95.2 95.1 96.1 95.0 96.0 95.7 94.8 91.0 North Carolina 83.5 85.5 83.6 85.5 84.3 85.1 86.5 86.9 89.8 87.6 86.4 92.3 87.9 91.8 91.0 92.6 92.4 91.7 93.7 93.2 93.4 88.8 95.7 95.9 96.3 94.5 95.7 95.8 96.2 97.6 97.3 95.0 94.6 97.6 98.2 98.9 97.2 99.0 96.7 95.7 96.8 96.3 97.9 95.9 98.7 99.1 98.4 98.1 98.0 98.4 97.1 98.0 98.4 97.8 96.3 92.6 92.5 93.5 93.1 93.3 93.5 93.1 94.3 94.6 93.7 91.9 North Dakota 94.4 91.3 93.6 91.2 89.3 89.1 86.2 89.6 85.6 86.0 88.5 97.8 95.5 95.4 94.9 95.7 95.6 95.2 95.7 95.3 94.8 96.1 98.9 98.1 96.8 100.0 99.4 95.6 98.1 98.0 99.2 96.8 97.8 100.0 100.0 98.7 100.0 98.8 97.8 99.0 98.2 98.1 96.7 99.4 98.8 100.0 98.6 100.0 100.0 99.0 98.3 99.4 98.9 97.6 96.9 97.6 96.2 96.2 96.5 95.7 94.8 94.9 95.7 94.8 94.0 95.4 Ohio 83.4 87.3 88.5 87.7 87.8 88.0 86.9 90.6 93.1 87.2 86.7 95.8 92.9 94.7 95.1 94.0 93.9 95.1 96.2 94.2 93.8 91.8 95.5 98.7 96.8 98.9 98.7 97.1 96.3 97.8 97.3 96.8 96.2 98.3 99.2 97.0 98.6 98.3 96.5 98.4 99.0 98.2 96.7 97.4 99.3 98.8 99.3 99.3 99.2 98.5 98.6 98.7 99.0 98.7 97.2 93.9 95.0 95.0 95.8 95.6 94.8 95.2 96.4 96.3 94.8 93.6 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 64 Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Oklahoma $9,999 or less 81.9 77.5 80.8 67.8 74.7 67.5 75.8 76.7 78.5 82.5 84.6 $10,000 - $19,999 90.8 88.4 86.2 89.7 88.5 86.5 91.4 87.2 90.8 91.2 93.8 $20,000 - $29,999 94.7 93.5 93.1 95.9 96.7 96.8 96.7 96.3 97.8 96.1 98.1 $30,000 - $39,999 94.4 98.7 98.8 98.9 100.0 95.5 98.4 98.7 100.0 100.0 95.2 $40,000 or more 99.0 99.2 98.2 100.0 100.0 99.1 99.2 100.0 100.0 98.9 99.2 All Households 91.0 90.3 89.9 88.3 89.7 86.6 90.5 89.6 91.2 91.8 93.0 Oregon $9,999 or less 76.4 73.5 83.6 72.5 68.6 71.2 82.0 88.6 83.5 82.4 92.6 $10,000 - $19,999 94.2 89.9 91.9 92.1 88.2 87.6 88.7 96.9 90.2 91.3 92.6 $20,000 - $29,999 95.0 94.4 93.5 97.5 98.7 95.1 97.9 98.6 92.4 100.0 100.0 $30,000 - $39,999 100.0 100.0 97.2 98.8 100.0 95.3 100.0 100.0 96.8 92.7 97.9 $40,000 or more 96.9 93.9 99.1 100.0 100.0 99.0 97.9 98.2 99.3 99.3 98.7 All Households 91.4 89.6 92.4 91.5 89.7 89.6 92.8 96.2 91.8 92.8 96.2 Pennsylvania $9,999 or less 85.6 85.2 88.4 88.7 89.8 90.5 91.0 91.9 93.4 92.3 91.9 $10,000 - $19,999 95.2 95.0 96.8 95.7 95.2 96.4 96.6 96.9 97.8 98.2 97.6 $20,000 - $29,999 98.0 97.5 98.0 98.2 99.0 98.2 98.4 98.8 99.0 99.0 98.7 $30,000 - $39,999 99.0 99.5 98.4 98.6 98.3 99.4 98.6 100.0 99.7 99.7 99.4 $40,000 or more 99.2 99.6 99.0 99.6 99.3 99.6 99.2 99.4 99.8 99.6 99.2 All Households 94.4 94.4 95.9 96.0 96.1 96.7 96.7 97.2 97.8 97.5 97.1 Rhode Island $9,999 or less 86.4 80.7 87.8 91.2 92.9 83.5 82.4 83.8 87.0 85.6 87.6 $10,000 - $19,999 93.2 96.4 91.9 89.2 93.5 94.9 96.3 94.8 93.0 96.0 96.0 $20,000 - $29,999 97.8 96.7 96.1 97.3 95.3 98.8 95.5 95.5 98.2 98.1 97.8 $30,000 - $39,999 98.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.8 100.0 100.0 98.3 98.2 96.8 100.0 $40,000 or more 98.3 98.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.2 99.3 99.2 100.0 98.9 99.6 All Households 94.0 93.3 94.8 95.4 96.1 95.3 94.8 94.6 94.9 94.8 95.9 South Carolina $9,999 or less 66.1 73.0 77.1 75.5 75.7 72.2 76.8 75.3 73.1 76.4 74.9 $10,000 - $19,999 88.2 82.7 86.3 86.9 85.1 81.8 86.8 85.2 88.3 88.3 85.7 $20,000 - $29,999 96.1 98.2 94.7 95.7 89.7 93.1 97.9 96.9 98.1 92.6 94.6 $30,000 - $39,999 93.5 98.3 100.0 97.6 98.9 98.2 98.3 96.3 97.3 96.0 98.2 $40,000 or more 99.1 95.7 99.1 98.4 98.4 99.3 100.0 100.0 97.9 100.0 100.0 All Households 85.1 87.5 88.9 89.1 88.5 87.2 89.7 89.7 89.2 89.2 88.1 South Dakota $9,999 or less 84.6 85.6 84.4 82.0 80.0 84.9 88.7 85.8 90.6 87.5 87.6 $10,000 - $19,999 92.5 89.6 93.9 94.8 92.7 93.7 93.5 93.8 91.5 93.3 97.3 $20,000 - $29,999 98.4 97.8 99.3 95.9 98.4 97.5 97.8 95.4 97.9 95.5 95.4 $30,000 - $39,999 98.8 97.9 98.8 99.2 98.4 96.3 98.2 99.0 99.2 99.2 100.0 $40,000 or more 100.0 99.0 97.9 97.1 100.0 98.9 99.1 98.4 97.6 98.4 98.2 All Households 93.0 92.4 93.5 92.3 92.3 93.4 94.4 93.5 94.3 93.6 94.8 Tennessee $9,999 or less 71.1 75.0 79.4 80.4 80.5 86.7 86.0 75.6 89.6 83.0 84.6 $10,000 - $19,999 88.3 91.2 89.4 89.5 93.9 90.0 88.2 93.4 91.3 93.1 91.6 $20,000 - $29,999 94.5 91.2 94.1 95.4 97.5 97.6 97.0 97.6 98.0 99.2 98.4 $30,000 - $39,999 100.0 97.5 100.0 96.0 93.7 97.7 100.0 100.0 97.8 97.8 100.0 $40,000 or more 100.0 98.8 100.0 97.4 99.0 100.0 99.1 97.9 100.0 99.3 100.0 All Households 87.1 88.0 89.8 89.5 91.6 93.0 92.3 90.8 94.1 92.8 92.9 Texas $9,999 or less 74.0 73.8 72.8 77.5 70.8 73.3 77.5 78.8 80.7 79.7 82.6 $10,000 - $19,999 84.6 84.5 85.4 86.0 83.9 84.0 86.5 88.8 91.2 91.7 91.9 $20,000 - $29,999 91.7 90.1 91.2 95.8 95.5 93.1 95.9 94.9 94.5 96.5 93.9 $30,000 - $39,999 97.0 96.9 94.5 96.2 97.9 98.2 98.7 98.3 98.0 98.6 96.9 $40,000 or more 98.5 98.9 99.3 99.0 98.7 97.8 98.5 99.3 99.3 99.0 98.5 All Households 88.4 88.1 88.1 90.2 88.2 87.8 90.0 91.2 91.8 92.0 92.0 Utah $9,999 or less 81.5 87.9 78.3 73.0 79.1 87.7 85.3 96.1 91.0 86.9 87.7 $10,000 - $19,999 88.4 95.9 91.2 91.9 91.0 93.6 96.8 95.4 94.4 95.3 96.5 $20,000 - $29,999 97.0 96.9 98.3 97.8 97.2 99.2 99.2 98.2 92.5 96.3 97.4 $30,000 - $39,999 100.0 97.8 100.0 97.8 92.7 99.1 98.4 98.6 98.7 100.0 97.9 $40,000 or more 100.0 98.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.9 100.0 99.0 97.8 98.2 98.9 All Households 92.4 95.5 94.0 92.9 92.6 95.6 0.0 97.3 94.4 95.6 96.2 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 65 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Oklahoma 76.5 80.4 78.9 80.0 80.0 82.1 87.1 85.1 82.0 84.0 84.6 92.9 90.0 95.4 89.5 89.2 86.6 92.2 91.7 93.7 95.1 87.5 99.5 95.9 98.3 95.6 98.1 93.8 92.2 94.6 95.4 93.4 93.1 100.0 96.4 98.0 97.8 95.5 97.3 95.8 99.1 97.4 96.6 94.6 99.1 98.2 96.1 96.0 96.0 97.6 99.4 99.5 98.4 97.0 95.6 91.4 90.3 91.8 90.6 90.8 90.3 92.7 93.1 92.8 92.7 90.5 Oregon 90.3 88.1 90.5 86.8 87.8 86.7 90.2 91.9 92.9 88.8 92.7 98.1 95.9 95.0 94.7 94.1 91.3 97.2 96.7 95.7 94.6 93.1 97.0 100.0 96.1 96.8 98.4 98.1 96.3 98.4 98.3 97.2 93.6 97.0 98.9 97.4 100.0 100.0 97.3 98.1 100.0 98.8 95.2 96.1 100.0 100.0 97.7 98.4 97.1 97.2 97.2 100.0 98.5 98.8 97.0 96.4 96.7 95.3 95.3 95.1 94.2 96.0 97.4 96.7 95.0 94.4 Pennsylvania 91.8 92.4 93.6 92.1 92.3 94.5 92.9 94.0 93.9 92.1 91.3 95.7 98.2 97.0 97.6 96.5 96.1 96.7 97.7 97.0 96.1 93.8 98.3 98.1 98.6 97.7 98.7 99.0 98.7 98.3 98.7 97.8 95.9 99.4 98.1 99.5 98.8 97.5 98.5 97.8 99.5 98.3 98.0 97.7 99.2 99.4 99.1 98.9 99.1 99.0 97.3 99.3 98.9 98.3 97.0 96.6 97.1 97.3 96.9 96.9 97.3 96.7 97.8 97.4 96.4 94.9 Rhode Island 92.9 90.7 87.6 92.5 85.8 89.6 92.5 92.3 92.9 89.4 88.7 94.4 94.3 91.9 95.9 96.3 91.9 97.0 94.3 98.2 94.2 92.5 98.8 97.2 96.1 98.5 96.6 97.6 96.1 95.0 98.8 97.9 94.5 98.8 99.3 100.0 98.5 98.9 93.8 98.8 99.6 96.5 97.8 96.0 99.0 98.2 100.0 97.7 97.3 99.4 98.7 99.1 99.8 98.4 97.6 96.5 95.5 94.6 96.2 94.7 94.6 96.6 96.1 97.4 95.4 94.0 South Carolina 79.5 80.6 76.2 80.5 89.9 86.2 84.6 85.7 87.4 85.2 87.1 90.8 93.2 91.3 92.5 93.3 88.9 91.1 94.3 94.1 95.6 93.7 93.1 97.3 95.7 94.8 95.3 100.0 97.7 96.4 95.4 92.4 96.3 100.0 96.4 98.5 94.5 96.1 100.0 95.5 98.2 97.6 98.8 98.7 97.6 98.9 100.0 99.1 100.0 100.0 98.9 97.5 98.2 97.6 98.1 90.9 92.0 92.0 92.1 94.6 94.3 93.3 94.0 94.0 93.4 94.1 South Dakota 86.8 82.7 90.5 68.5 73.8 91.1 91.6 88.8 86.9 80.3 87.4 95.9 93.3 92.5 94.1 93.9 90.4 93.8 93.9 95.4 94.4 95.2 97.6 97.6 98.8 95.7 97.8 99.2 96.1 95.9 95.7 98.1 98.1 96.7 99.0 96.7 100.0 96.9 100.0 96.7 99.4 97.2 98.7 99.3 99.0 98.9 98.8 98.2 100.0 99.1 98.1 99.4 99.4 96.3 99.3 94.7 93.1 94.7 89.0 91.4 95.3 95.0 95.2 94.6 92.7 95.3 Tennessee 82.5 82.6 89.3 87.1 83.3 90.9 82.4 85.9 87.7 89.6 90.1 93.9 93.4 92.9 93.3 92.9 96.9 92.7 93.6 92.4 92.0 91.4 94.4 99.3 96.2 97.7 97.4 95.0 98.5 93.2 96.1 94.0 90.6 100.0 100.0 98.3 95.7 97.2 100.0 96.0 97.7 97.4 95.5 93.4 100.0 97.5 97.6 98.3 98.4 100.0 98.4 99.0 98.3 97.3 92.9 92.7 93.4 94.1 93.9 93.3 96.3 92.8 93.2 93.8 93.3 91.5 Texas 82.2 79.7 79.6 83.2 83.1 85.2 86.2 86.7 88.1 85.6 83.9 88.7 89.6 90.6 90.9 91.1 92.0 92.4 92.1 93.2 91.0 89.5 92.7 94.3 94.2 95.5 93.9 95.5 93.8 95.9 96.8 93.1 92.5 97.6 97.4 96.3 98.0 94.4 97.6 95.4 98.4 96.9 97.6 91.4 97.9 98.2 97.5 98.0 98.1 98.4 97.6 99.3 98.1 95.9 95.4 91.0 91.0 91.0 92.4 92.1 93.5 93.0 94.4 94.5 92.1 90.4 Utah 91.2 84.5 98.3 94.1 89.0 88.1 91.1 91.1 92.8 93.8 88.2 96.4 95.5 94.1 98.5 94.0 95.0 94.7 96.6 96.8 95.1 94.5 99.5 97.1 97.8 98.8 97.2 97.7 98.2 97.3 98.0 96.4 98.5 99.1 99.1 100.0 99.0 98.2 98.9 98.4 96.0 99.1 98.2 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.3 98.2 97.4 96.8 97.3 99.0 100.0 98.4 99.7 97.3 96.0 97.5 98.0 95.6 95.8 96.2 96.4 97.6 96.6 97.0 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 66 Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Vermont $9,999 or less 75.3 77.2 83.5 90.8 88.4 87.7 90.8 83.5 83.6 87.9 87.7 $10,000 - $19,999 93.3 90.3 89.9 96.4 93.9 95.0 96.4 94.8 94.0 88.9 95.8 $20,000 - $29,999 96.3 96.0 97.7 95.3 100.0 97.3 97.4 95.9 98.9 97.3 96.6 $30,000 - $39,999 97.6 94.0 100.0 98.9 98.7 98.6 99.0 100.0 98.3 96.3 98.2 $40,000 or more 100.0 97.4 98.4 99.0 100.0 99.2 99.1 100.0 98.9 97.6 96.1 All Households 91.5 90.7 94.1 95.9 95.9 95.8 96.8 94.8 94.2 93.4 94.7 Virginia $9,999 or less 80.4 82.5 74.7 73.1 80.0 79.8 82.1 71.6 80.1 84.0 87.1 $10,000 - $19,999 90.2 86.9 90.2 91.0 94.8 88.7 89.4 91.2 92.4 87.3 93.0 $20,000 - $29,999 95.7 96.9 94.4 96.2 95.0 96.0 94.8 95.6 97.5 97.9 96.2 $30,000 - $39,999 98.2 98.4 99.2 98.7 98.0 97.1 98.3 99.0 98.1 99.2 97.4 $40,000 or more 98.9 98.3 98.9 99.1 100.0 98.6 99.3 100.0 99.6 99.1 97.9 All Households 93.2 92.9 92.2 93.0 94.4 92.8 93.4 92.3 94.3 94.1 94.6 Washington $9,999 or less 82.7 82.9 80.2 81.2 83.3 84.8 92.1 92.3 87.5 93.1 88.8 $10,000 - $19,999 91.1 89.5 92.5 93.5 89.8 96.7 96.7 95.6 97.9 97.6 94.9 $20,000 - $29,999 95.9 96.1 93.3 94.6 96.8 98.5 97.0 98.7 98.7 97.1 95.1 $30,000 - $39,999 96.2 98.6 96.7 99.1 98.0 99.1 99.3 100.0 100.0 98.6 97.7 $40,000 or more 98.4 97.7 97.3 98.5 99.6 100.0 99.4 100.0 98.9 100.0 99.2 All Households 92.9 93.1 92.1 93.4 93.5 96.6 97.2 97.4 96.9 97.4 95.4 West Virginia $9,999 or less 75.7 74.4 79.9 77.1 75.8 76.7 77.1 77.4 79.4 78.6 78.1 $10,000 - $19,999 88.8 90.9 94.0 91.9 93.2 88.6 89.3 87.7 89.2 93.1 92.9 $20,000 - $29,999 91.2 93.8 97.3 95.4 92.7 93.7 94.2 97.8 96.2 95.5 99.3 $30,000 - $39,999 98.9 97.6 97.2 97.2 97.1 97.5 95.3 99.0 97.6 95.7 98.4 $40,000 or more 100.0 97.1 98.7 100.0 97.2 97.6 98.9 95.3 97.9 100.0 98.6 All Households 87.3 88.0 90.7 88.7 88.0 87.6 88.7 89.0 89.6 89.4 90.6 Wisconsin $9,999 or less 88.4 83.5 81.4 85.1 86.1 88.4 89.6 90.4 90.5 93.3 92.8 $10,000 - $19,999 96.0 95.1 95.1 97.7 96.7 95.7 94.9 95.3 97.4 98.2 96.2 $20,000 - $29,999 98.1 99.4 99.5 98.8 100.0 98.7 98.9 99.4 99.7 97.1 97.8 $30,000 - $39,999 99.1 99.2 100.0 100.0 98.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.0 99.4 $40,000 or more 100.0 98.4 100.0 100.0 98.2 100.0 100.0 99.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 All Households 96.0 93.8 94.6 96.2 95.8 96.8 96.6 96.8 97.7 97.4 97.1 Wyoming $9,999 or less 74.2 84.6 73.1 85.6 79.6 84.3 83.1 84.0 76.4 85.5 85.4 $10,000 - $19,999 86.0 90.6 92.6 92.3 91.1 96.1 95.0 96.6 95.6 92.6 91.5 $20,000 - $29,999 91.7 91.8 96.6 94.8 99.3 100.0 97.0 98.1 96.0 96.8 96.0 $30,000 - $39,999 100.0 96.9 96.0 98.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.9 98.8 98.7 97.1 $40,000 or more 98.0 97.3 99.2 98.8 98.2 97.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.8 98.3 All Households 89.2 92.2 90.7 93.5 93.5 95.4 95.3 95.5 92.8 94.1 92.9 United States Total $9,999 or less 80.1 80.0 80.5 80.8 81.4 81.9 82.9 83.4 83.7 84.8 85.7 $10,000 - $19,999 90.8 90.5 91.3 90.9 91.5 91.6 91.9 92.3 93.2 93.7 93.2 $20,000 - $29,999 95.9 95.7 95.3 96.1 96.5 96.3 96.3 96.9 96.9 97.1 96.2 $30,000 - $39,999 98.3 98.1 97.9 98.0 98.0 98.4 98.4 98.7 98.7 98.5 97.6 $40,000 or more 98.8 98.9 98.9 99.0 99.1 99.1 99.0 99.2 99.2 99.3 98.8 All Households 91.8 91.8 92.2 92.5 92.9 93.1 93.4 93.7 93.9 94.2 93.9 1984 Dollars Equivalent in Current Dollars $10,000 $10,000 $10,370 $10,604 $10,926 $11,354 $11,920 $12,514 $13,158 $13,578 $13,996 $14,347 $20,000 $20,000 $20,740 $21,208 $21,852 $22,708 $23,840 $25,028 $26,316 $27,156 $27,992 $28,694 $30,000 $30,000 $31,110 $31,812 $32,778 $34,062 $35,760 $37,542 $39,474 $40,734 $41,988 $43,041 $40,000 $40,000 $41,480 $42,416 $43,704 $45,416 $47,680 $50,056 $52,632 $54,312 $55,984 $57,388 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 67 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households 1984 Dollars $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 Table 6.14 Percentage of Households with Telephone Service in March 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Vermont 88.4 91.7 84.6 85.8 89.0 92.9 93.1 94.9 93.1 93.4 95.2 95.3 96.3 91.7 97.2 96.2 94.8 96.9 97.5 94.9 97.0 95.6 99.2 93.8 98.0 99.0 95.6 96.8 99.5 98.7 97.8 96.8 94.8 99.1 97.1 99.0 98.3 96.1 98.6 99.2 100.0 98.7 97.9 97.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.2 99.1 95.7 98.8 99.1 98.3 99.1 97.3 96.4 95.7 93.9 95.6 95.5 95.6 97.4 98.0 96.5 96.9 96.1 Virginia 89.6 86.2 84.7 84.7 79.5 84.2 89.5 90.9 84.9 87.4 85.1 96.0 96.3 90.0 96.1 92.7 90.8 92.0 92.3 94.3 96.1 89.1 98.8 97.4 97.8 94.3 98.1 98.4 95.3 96.8 96.7 94.7 90.9 99.0 98.9 94.7 99.1 93.4 99.1 96.2 97.2 99.2 93.8 94.7 99.5 99.5 99.1 99.1 97.6 98.4 99.1 99.5 98.9 96.8 95.0 97.0 95.8 93.6 95.0 93.2 94.9 95.0 96.0 95.4 94.3 91.3 Washington 89.9 83.6 89.0 87.1 83.1 79.4 91.7 94.4 92.5 87.5 93.0 95.4 91.6 95.3 91.7 95.2 90.7 95.3 93.2 96.6 94.2 92.7 95.8 100.0 98.4 99.0 99.4 98.1 96.8 95.7 97.3 98.7 97.7 98.1 100.0 98.7 96.4 100.0 97.5 96.9 98.9 100.0 95.1 99.1 98.2 97.1 98.9 97.8 97.8 99.1 98.3 99.1 97.5 97.6 98.2 95.4 94.4 96.1 95.0 96.0 93.7 96.0 96.3 96.6 94.9 96.2 West Virginia 84.1 81.7 83.8 85.6 87.9 84.1 87.3 88.1 91.0 91.6 84.9 94.4 96.9 97.1 96.2 94.9 96.1 95.1 95.0 96.0 94.2 92.0 97.8 98.3 97.4 97.8 92.3 95.2 98.2 98.5 94.7 96.3 96.3 96.9 100.0 100.0 95.5 96.8 97.2 98.5 99.3 98.3 96.6 96.4 98.2 99.1 100.0 99.5 98.5 100.0 97.7 99.6 98.3 97.1 92.6 92.4 93.1 93.6 93.6 93.0 93.3 94.3 94.7 94.9 94.6 91.4 Wisconsin 93.3 90.9 87.8 86.5 83.2 84.5 90.0 87.5 89.5 92.5 90.7 96.7 95.9 94.8 94.4 96.4 90.6 95.2 94.1 94.2 94.1 89.8 99.6 98.6 99.1 95.8 99.2 96.9 97.8 98.2 97.9 96.9 98.4 99.1 98.9 100.0 98.3 100.0 98.2 98.0 99.6 99.0 96.8 97.6 100.0 99.4 99.4 98.5 100.0 97.4 99.0 99.1 99.7 98.8 96.4 97.9 97.2 96.4 94.9 96.3 94.0 96.4 96.1 96.4 96.0 94.4 Wyoming 86.2 87.1 89.5 83.4 91.1 91.7 86.2 82.5 84.4 88.7 88.5 93.6 96.1 93.9 93.4 92.1 91.4 93.1 92.2 90.3 95.2 94.5 94.0 99.2 97.7 96.3 98.3 95.6 95.0 94.8 97.5 97.3 92.1 96.4 98.8 97.5 97.7 97.0 97.4 96.5 96.9 97.1 99.6 97.2 98.5 99.1 98.8 95.7 98.2 99.2 97.8 99.3 99.6 98.3 99.0 93.6 95.5 94.9 92.6 95.0 94.8 93.7 93.0 93.4 95.8 94.5 United States Total 85.1 85.4 86.0 85.7 85.5 87.5 87.6 89.2 89.2 88.0 86.4 93.7 93.0 93.0 93.7 92.9 93.3 93.4 94.3 94.6 93.2 91.2 96.2 96.5 96.5 96.1 96.0 96.1 95.9 96.9 97.0 95.3 94.1 98.0 97.6 97.6 97.4 97.2 97.3 97.1 98.1 98.1 96.7 95.2 98.6 98.5 98.2 98.2 98.2 98.0 97.8 98.8 98.8 97.7 96.0 93.9 93.9 94.0 94.1 94.0 94.5 94.4 95.5 95.5 94.2 92.5 Equivalent in Current Dollars $14,756 $15,175 $15,595 $15,809 $16,082 $16,686 $17,173 $17,427 $17,953 $18,265 $18,840 $29,512 $30,350 $31,190 $31,618 $32,164 $33,372 $34,346 $34,854 $35,906 $36,530 $37,680 $44,268 $45,525 $46,785 $47,427 $48,246 $50,058 $51,519 $52,281 $53,859 $54,795 $56,520 $59,024 $60,700 $62,380 $63,236 $64,328 $66,744 $68,692 $69,708 $71,812 $73,060 $75,360 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 68 Table 6.15 Critical Values for Determining Significant Differences by State In Unit Available UNITED STATES 0.4% 0.3% ALABAMA 4.2% 4.0% ALASKA 3.4% 2.7% ARIZONA 2.7% 2.5% ARKANSAS 3.6% 3.5% CALIFORNIA 1.1% 1.0% COLORADO 2.1% 1.9% CONNECTICUT 2.6% 2.5% DELAWARE 2.8% 2.4% DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 4.7% 4.2% FLORIDA 1.7% 1.7% GEORGIA 3.3% 3.1% HAWAII 3.1% 2.6% IDAHO 2.6% 2.5% ILLINOIS 2.4% 2.0% INDIANA 3.1% 2.9% IOWA 2.8% 2.6% KANSAS 3.0% 2.8% KENTUCKY 3.5% 3.1% LOUISIANA 3.5% 3.1% MAINE 2.0% 1.7% MARYLAND 2.9% 2.8% MASSACHUSETTS 2.1% 2.0% MICHIGAN 1.7% 1.6% MINNESOTA 2.3% 2.2% MISSISSIPPI 4.0% 3.3% MISSOURI 3.2% 2.9% MONTANA 2.5% 2.3% NEBRASKA 2.2% 2.0% NEVADA 3.6% 3.5% NEW HAMPSHIRE 2.7% 2.4% NEW JERSEY 2.3% 2.3% NEW MEXICO 3.6% 3.5% NEW YORK 1.4% 1.2% NORTH CAROLINA 2.0% 1.8% NORTH DAKOTA 1.9% 1.7% OHIO 1.9% 1.7% OKLAHOMA 3.5% 3.2% OREGON 3.1% 2.7% PENNSYLVANIA 1.4% 1.3% RHODE ISLAND 3.3% 3.3% SOUTH CAROLINA 3.6% 3.4% SOUTH DAKOTA 4.0% 3.8% TENNESSEE 2.9% 2.6% TEXAS 1.8% 1.6% UTAH 2.7% 2.5% VERMONT 3.5% 3.0% VIRGINIA 3.5% 3.3% WASHINGTON 2.3% 2.1% WEST VIRGINIA 3.3% 2.8% WISCONSIN 2.7% 2.5% WYOMING 2.7% 2.5% 6 - 69 Table 6.16 Critical Values for Determining Significant Differences by Income In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available TOTAL 0.4% 0.3% 0.4% 0.3% 1.6% 1.5% 1.7% 1.6% UNDER $5,000 4.0% 3.7% 4.4% 4.1% 7.9% 7.4% 10.0% 9.8% $5,000 - $7,499 3.0% 2.9% 3.3% 3.1% 7.5% 7.3% 9.1% 8.5% $7,500 - $9,999 2.4% 2.2% 2.6% 2.5% 7.4% 6.4% 8.4% 8.3% $10,000 - $12,499 2.1% 2.0% 2.3% 2.2% 7.4% 6.7% 7.0% 6.6% $12,500 - $14,999 2.1% 1.9% 2.2% 2.0% 6.8% 6.3% 7.4% 7.3% $15,000 - $19,999 1.5% 1.3% 1.4% 1.2% 5.8% 5.0% 5.3% 4.9% $20,000 - $24,999 1.2% 1.1% 1.2% 1.1% 3.7% 3.4% 4.9% 4.7% $25,000 - $29,999 1.1% 1.0% 1.1% 1.0% 4.7% 4.3% 3.9% 3.7% $30,000 - $34,999 1.0% 0.9% 1.0% 0.9% 5.1% 4.5% 4.6% 4.0% $35,000 - $39,999 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 4.8% 4.6% 3.7% 3.6% $40,000 - $49,999 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 3.0% 2.8% 4.1% 3.7% $50,000 - $59,999 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 3.2% 3.2% 3.0% 2.6% $60,000 - $74,999 0.6% 0.5% 0.6% 0.5% 4.0% 3.8% 2.1% 2.0% $75,000 + 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 2.6% 2.4% 3.0% 2.8% Table 6.17 Critical Values for Determining Significant Differences by Household Size In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available TOTAL 0.4% 0.3% 0.4% 0.3% 1.6% 1.5% 1.7% 1.6% 1 PERSON 0.9% 0.8% 0.9% 0.8% 3.5% 3.2% 5.4% 5.1% 2 - 3 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 2.0% 1.9% 2.3% 2.2% 4 - 5 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 2.9% 2.7% 2.3% 2.1% 6 + 1.9% 1.8% 2.0% 1.9% 6.6% 6.3% 4.6% 4.5% Table 6.18 Critical Values for Determining Significant Differences by Householder's Age In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available TOTAL 0.4% 0.3% 0.4% 0.3% 1.6% 1.5% 1.7% 1.6% 15-24 YRS OLD 2.3% 2.1% 2.4% 2.2% 7.6% 6.8% 6.1% 5.9% 25-54 YRS OLD 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 2.0% 1.8% 1.9% 1.8% 55-59 YRS OLD 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 4.9% 4.5% 5.7% 5.3% 60-64 YRS OLD 1.1% 1.0% 1.1% 1.0% 4.9% 4.5% 6.3% 6.2% 65-69 YRS OLD 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 5.5% 5.1% 7.2% 7.2% 70-99 YRS OLD 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 3.6% 3.3% 5.7% 5.4% Table 6.19 Critical Values for Determining Significant Differences by Labor Force Status In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available TOTAL CNP 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1.3% EMPLOYED 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 1.5% 1.4% 1.6% 1.5% UNEMPLOYED 2.1% 1.9% 2.1% 1.9% 5.7% 5.1% 5.8% 5.3% NOT IN LABOR FORCE 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 2.2% 2.1% 2.0% 1.9% HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN RACE TOTAL WHITE BLACK HISPANIC ORIGIN RACE 6 - 70 Table 6.20 Sample Size Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Alabama $9,999 or less 271 210 177 221 225 196 210 222 228 210 195 $10,000 - $19,999 274 233 155 174 167 212 185 187 193 189 189 $20,000 - $29,999 149 132 106 122 134 125 135 142 135 141 122 $30,000 - $39,999 111 87 65 95 75 82 83 84 93 85 80 $40,000 or more 111 89 74 101 119 86 100 93 106 99 105 All Households 916 751 577 713 720 701 713 728 755 724 691 Alaska $9,999 or less 144 92 82 94 123 124 108 100 97 90 96 $10,000 - $19,999 155 155 140 157 126 167 137 149 166 154 129 $20,000 - $29,999 161 147 163 131 131 142 151 135 128 139 130 $30,000 - $39,999 104 115 140 116 102 114 107 116 112 117 106 $40,000 or more 290 340 353 297 287 264 274 269 290 281 250 All Households 854 849 878 795 769 811 777 769 793 781 711 Arizona $9,999 or less 192 173 120 118 112 127 130 147 123 144 132 $10,000 - $19,999 235 194 154 158 160 179 189 173 163 172 180 $20,000 - $29,999 198 172 139 120 150 134 160 149 129 126 131 $30,000 - $39,999 94 88 91 91 87 92 88 91 80 88 87 $40,000 or more 122 116 123 139 143 138 143 133 136 117 126 All Households 841 743 627 626 652 670 710 693 631 647 656 Arkansas $9,999 or less 230 263 223 238 223 220 225 220 229 234 210 $10,000 - $19,999 233 232 193 176 219 252 224 240 232 204 219 $20,000 - $29,999 136 147 144 138 155 155 147 156 140 155 144 $30,000 - $39,999 69 69 74 91 88 81 106 98 83 77 65 $40,000 or more 71 72 70 86 92 89 85 86 97 98 79 All Households 739 783 704 729 777 797 787 800 781 768 717 California $9,999 or less 1,127 1,013 906 838 816 531 842 923 970 1,001 1,003 $10,000 - $19,999 1,386 1,252 1,032 1,006 1,073 675 1,061 1,150 1,160 1,116 1,059 $20,000 - $29,999 1,071 1,100 944 862 878 559 957 990 923 918 840 $30,000 - $39,999 711 756 685 721 707 465 713 688 669 638 537 $40,000 or more 1,235 1,294 1,245 1,296 1,342 722 1,380 1,365 1,298 1,254 1,200 All Households 5,530 5,415 4,812 4,723 4,816 2,952 4,953 5,116 5,020 4,927 4,639 Colorado $9,999 or less 185 136 112 136 135 139 153 142 141 152 138 $10,000 - $19,999 254 186 128 137 153 176 171 159 178 184 171 $20,000 - $29,999 193 172 135 138 135 141 135 155 150 140 133 $30,000 - $39,999 157 135 117 98 91 86 82 94 90 107 102 $40,000 or more 232 177 154 160 150 141 153 152 166 166 181 All Households 1,021 806 646 669 664 683 694 702 725 749 725 Connecticut $9,999 or less 110 102 99 90 105 65 60 80 60 90 85 $10,000 - $19,999 136 113 116 115 111 79 85 87 102 102 102 $20,000 - $29,999 119 128 121 97 96 111 86 108 94 92 105 $30,000 - $39,999 114 103 92 93 100 82 75 71 83 92 76 $40,000 or more 177 201 229 197 191 183 219 193 171 173 164 All Households 656 647 657 592 603 520 525 539 510 549 532 Delaware $9,999 or less 86 103 111 105 93 102 95 90 84 79 79 $10,000 - $19,999 137 147 139 123 104 129 120 133 114 102 110 $20,000 - $29,999 111 125 104 102 145 120 127 99 115 99 89 $30,000 - $39,999 92 96 83 79 77 98 91 69 73 89 72 $40,000 or more 129 125 118 132 145 145 142 138 121 125 120 All Households 555 596 555 541 564 594 575 529 507 494 470 District of Columbia $9,999 or less 140 181 152 115 127 122 161 145 132 107 129 $10,000 - $19,999 145 135 163 169 140 135 136 118 128 133 124 $20,000 - $29,999 94 109 97 114 119 134 125 109 106 97 74 $30,000 - $39,999 73 64 69 67 83 63 68 56 54 52 47 $40,000 or more 130 134 136 162 165 144 143 123 122 138 131 All Households 582 623 617 627 634 598 633 551 542 527 505 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 71 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.20 Sample Size 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Alabama 194 199 173 171 166 167 307 318 300 291 318 178 172 180 163 131 157 283 286 257 263 241 133 127 116 112 117 144 240 185 196 200 170 75 65 99 113 83 94 149 160 154 130 125 136 111 117 123 159 139 276 299 262 263 216 716 674 685 682 656 701 1,255 1,248 1,169 1,147 1,070 Alaska 91 50 59 72 76 68 123 118 139 134 124 98 97 95 101 92 98 193 177 207 220 205 115 90 88 88 97 104 198 171 214 204 188 92 85 87 81 83 81 193 165 168 163 140 223 189 215 181 211 218 374 427 401 348 372 619 511 544 523 559 569 1,081 1,058 1,129 1,069 1,029 Arizona 157 179 207 191 165 161 178 192 202 227 212 194 207 217 240 233 253 259 242 259 256 252 161 386 147 144 162 176 193 192 204 175 209 82 109 105 90 104 102 153 157 143 150 121 153 144 150 176 203 204 264 303 275 280 267 747 771 826 841 867 896 1,047 1,086 1,083 1,088 1,061 Arkansas 191 199 198 209 189 185 249 241 252 245 212 189 207 186 188 194 196 252 218 241 262 245 121 126 129 133 118 116 153 169 159 167 146 86 87 87 64 70 96 106 111 105 104 100 89 96 72 82 106 105 143 165 146 152 174 676 715 672 676 677 698 903 904 903 930 877 California 1,048 983 996 913 916 793 917 953 986 999 1,002 1,029 1,016 1,007 1,012 1,000 1,046 1,173 1,120 1,242 1,111 1,270 800 714 758 737 801 766 978 977 909 857 1,036 519 551 562 566 548 567 704 708 709 676 787 1,194 1,113 1,173 1,237 1,260 1,281 1,839 1,811 1,754 1,746 1,739 4,590 4,377 4,496 4,465 4,525 4,453 5,611 5,569 5,600 5,389 5,834 Colorado 124 103 133 118 104 102 207 191 227 232 223 153 153 161 156 159 160 272 340 355 330 309 158 128 146 152 154 148 308 275 283 294 287 119 122 122 114 118 108 220 198 223 227 212 171 178 196 233 244 252 515 555 538 553 522 725 684 758 773 779 770 1,522 1,559 1,626 1,636 1,553 Connecticut 95 85 97 93 96 90 192 190 217 234 252 100 101 92 89 104 101 225 246 244 219 246 75 91 85 102 75 85 235 202 181 206 223 66 66 60 62 65 69 170 201 180 188 197 168 155 161 189 200 205 517 508 508 591 595 504 498 495 535 540 550 1,339 1,347 1,330 1,438 1,513 Delaware 82 92 89 71 88 75 132 113 133 132 144 93 126 109 101 106 102 173 193 204 235 260 100 95 83 97 99 97 173 188 187 173 191 66 77 65 69 74 81 139 152 167 147 153 111 111 152 159 136 154 326 355 318 321 313 452 501 498 497 503 509 943 1,001 1,009 1,008 1,061 District of Columbia BIA BIA 136 145 154 138 126 121 238 272 260 263 297 131 139 124 136 128 133 220 226 255 215 265 90 97 104 91 85 109 181 160 169 142 156 66 60 57 55 45 47 113 132 102 103 121 130 123 122 128 144 160 263 255 249 276 284 553 564 561 548 528 570 1,015 1,045 1,035 999 1,123 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 72 Table 6.20 Sample Size Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Florida $9,999 or less 549 614 595 597 610 681 673 703 649 709 744 $10,000 - $19,999 622 730 794 783 800 782 837 831 820 778 705 $20,000 - $29,999 422 506 544 589 599 623 640 646 586 584 556 $30,000 - $39,999 271 301 352 385 428 403 428 389 348 329 332 $40,000 or more 290 395 490 564 587 648 584 537 529 511 525 All Households 2,154 2,546 2,775 2,918 3,024 3,137 3,162 3,106 2,932 2,911 2,862 Georgia $9,999 or less 272 209 180 147 164 168 154 147 165 160 146 $10,000 - $19,999 274 217 161 162 157 146 153 159 148 148 149 $20,000 - $29,999 192 162 125 121 124 143 128 117 111 125 131 $30,000 - $39,999 133 108 89 96 98 88 86 85 81 73 79 $40,000 or more 168 153 123 146 162 150 147 134 117 127 153 All Households 1,039 849 678 672 705 695 668 642 622 633 658 Hawaii $9,999 or less 101 87 76 73 64 80 80 68 61 74 54 $10,000 - $19,999 120 108 109 119 105 108 106 100 110 81 99 $20,000 - $29,999 117 92 84 85 91 107 99 89 95 97 85 $30,000 - $39,999 110 88 75 76 81 84 74 67 60 76 77 $40,000 or more 143 153 154 146 181 151 162 170 166 173 153 All Households 591 528 498 499 522 530 521 494 492 501 468 Idaho $9,999 or less 173 176 167 172 170 182 186 205 181 164 155 $10,000 - $19,999 248 210 217 206 224 187 202 213 193 200 200 $20,000 - $29,999 151 169 153 165 141 174 164 163 166 154 149 $30,000 - $39,999 93 99 96 96 88 87 87 109 73 96 104 $40,000 or more 79 86 89 69 99 95 126 95 100 100 132 All Households 744 740 722 708 722 725 765 785 713 714 740 Illinois $9,999 or less 444 514 527 483 511 480 473 500 496 521 488 $10,000 - $19,999 504 501 495 498 474 491 504 504 556 550 516 $20,000 - $29,999 437 492 500 470 430 457 475 476 453 459 451 $30,000 - $39,999 311 325 356 365 347 343 374 364 336 346 320 $40,000 or more 456 471 527 522 593 605 616 591 578 551 540 All Households 2,152 2,303 2,405 2,338 2,355 2,376 2,442 2,435 2,419 2,427 2,315 Indiana $9,999 or less 259 215 190 188 187 127 159 177 153 142 147 $10,000 - $19,999 273 247 237 215 245 187 177 158 173 178 171 $20,000 - $29,999 220 209 210 194 183 143 155 150 138 147 129 $30,000 - $39,999 151 140 140 120 116 110 98 81 84 93 90 $40,000 or more 157 159 148 130 128 124 104 111 108 110 113 All Households 1,060 970 925 847 859 691 693 677 656 670 650 Iowa $9,999 or less 228 191 172 161 169 158 167 176 158 169 174 $10,000 - $19,999 256 232 202 209 212 207 190 197 210 213 202 $20,000 - $29,999 199 168 159 165 163 162 168 183 183 176 141 $30,000 - $39,999 116 82 94 102 114 96 105 114 119 123 105 $40,000 or more 140 146 103 111 94 121 119 123 113 102 110 All Households 939 819 730 748 752 744 749 793 783 783 732 Kansas $9,999 or less 171 138 158 149 150 140 166 154 153 146 151 $10,000 - $19,999 197 182 178 180 177 192 184 174 190 216 190 $20,000 - $29,999 173 161 135 163 148 141 145 168 172 163 131 $30,000 - $39,999 111 119 107 96 100 98 96 106 93 100 102 $40,000 or more 96 141 147 146 143 144 168 154 139 149 134 All Households 748 741 725 734 718 715 759 756 747 774 708 Kentucky $9,999 or less 214 204 209 197 185 207 184 190 215 247 219 $10,000 - $19,999 208 189 204 167 181 186 162 157 187 159 178 $20,000 - $29,999 164 142 113 142 130 108 127 124 123 120 109 $30,000 - $39,999 95 82 82 79 73 70 79 94 90 85 57 $40,000 or more 103 88 86 84 97 101 100 99 103 113 120 All Households 784 705 694 669 666 672 652 664 718 724 683 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 73 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.20 Sample Size 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Florida 660 666 638 594 599 574 645 757 748 719 693 745 691 706 678 654 733 844 843 857 871 828 486 506 468 481 505 516 655 665 636 626 614 302 310 328 335 347 342 447 399 429 407 396 530 445 468 525 586 619 864 841 841 818 828 2,723 2,618 2,608 2,613 2,691 2,784 3,455 3,505 3,511 3,441 3,359 Georgia 242 164 172 151 138 128 203 204 200 223 291 290 175 209 193 192 197 236 254 284 246 377 246 173 145 167 137 138 222 223 220 214 258 152 103 108 122 120 110 155 156 161 167 180 264 167 187 213 207 195 278 281 271 261 325 1,194 782 821 846 794 768 1,094 1,118 1,136 1,111 1,431 Hawaii 64 71 83 85 75 73 132 176 189 175 163 84 82 83 83 101 88 177 203 193 188 207 75 97 87 74 73 76 191 198 189 177 198 72 61 58 60 50 51 164 138 150 154 168 145 147 136 115 139 154 367 346 337 386 413 440 458 447 417 438 442 1,031 1,061 1,058 1,080 1,149 Idaho 125 155 152 152 145 150 192 184 148 140 125 193 167 168 213 188 198 236 229 286 230 224 139 149 148 143 144 152 188 219 197 207 175 91 92 101 106 109 105 151 137 134 151 136 126 121 130 127 156 136 229 213 193 175 196 674 684 699 741 742 741 996 982 958 903 856 Illinois 489 369 381 370 345 320 440 443 494 491 491 519 418 399 433 416 419 523 550 580 563 543 444 372 348 355 360 382 460 511 496 466 442 310 257 289 306 290 287 373 403 370 350 364 627 582 574 579 650 689 925 886 796 877 751 2,389 1,998 1,991 2,043 2,061 2,097 2,721 2,793 2,736 2,747 2,591 Indiana 122 105 140 123 135 110 228 263 276 253 249 172 182 163 153 146 151 306 300 339 346 330 121 153 136 149 135 126 274 252 262 268 253 60 81 103 111 102 106 207 185 228 176 193 107 119 124 148 150 158 374 385 375 393 355 582 640 666 684 668 651 1,389 1,385 1,480 1,436 1,380 Iowa 138 128 113 118 107 119 200 204 205 231 226 157 154 188 187 180 153 306 301 294 294 286 134 142 127 126 135 127 260 226 233 232 231 107 104 93 93 84 96 200 229 214 201 197 118 119 122 133 141 162 327 319 296 334 316 654 647 643 657 647 657 1,293 1,279 1,242 1,292 1,256 Kansas 160 159 139 127 133 135 225 232 246 248 251 191 174 170 156 159 160 283 285 291 289 280 136 117 107 135 130 113 240 231 237 268 206 70 76 70 89 95 98 165 178 213 195 166 127 134 144 144 148 158 363 372 364 346 325 684 660 630 651 665 664 1,276 1,298 1,351 1,346 1,228 Kentucky 187 159 174 149 153 164 217 233 230 244 301 172 147 140 155 144 156 251 229 257 245 258 107 131 106 99 119 115 223 219 211 215 205 63 69 109 87 82 75 130 125 133 107 141 115 117 112 142 153 146 241 280 224 238 233 644 623 641 632 651 656 1,062 1,086 1,055 1,049 1,138 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 74 Table 6.20 Sample Size Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Louisiana $9,999 or less 259 210 169 171 177 176 193 188 165 169 153 $10,000 - $19,999 185 180 148 119 138 143 112 128 144 130 136 $20,000 - $29,999 126 135 115 96 83 102 109 97 100 101 93 $30,000 - $39,999 101 86 81 69 83 80 64 76 76 70 64 $40,000 or more 120 112 121 119 111 85 92 89 94 83 90 All Households 791 723 634 574 592 586 570 578 579 553 536 Maine $9,999 or less 153 149 154 122 131 139 105 120 132 132 153 $10,000 - $19,999 197 181 147 154 161 133 165 163 148 132 157 $20,000 - $29,999 153 126 135 133 131 137 117 99 123 129 115 $30,000 - $39,999 108 97 77 74 87 98 78 90 85 89 73 $40,000 or more 90 95 74 104 104 113 126 112 91 89 88 All Households 701 648 587 587 614 620 591 584 579 571 586 Maryland $9,999 or less 129 140 140 126 108 75 91 86 85 91 70 $10,000 - $19,999 183 171 156 133 124 104 107 101 111 134 117 $20,000 - $29,999 183 151 153 142 131 95 123 111 115 93 101 $30,000 - $39,999 142 128 122 122 135 79 88 94 85 94 73 $40,000 or more 302 311 276 240 262 202 190 187 175 173 164 All Households 939 901 847 763 760 555 599 579 571 585 525 Massachusetts $9,999 or less 246 331 420 410 418 414 426 481 455 448 477 $10,000 - $19,999 293 378 420 412 412 395 383 414 437 431 415 $20,000 - $29,999 262 340 446 388 383 398 370 342 374 387 393 $30,000 - $39,999 197 278 371 346 347 311 303 335 323 317 293 $40,000 or more 345 483 603 651 712 721 761 697 636 646 662 All Households 1,343 1,810 2,260 2,207 2,272 2,239 2,243 2,269 2,225 2,229 2,240 Michigan $9,999 or less 418 523 529 460 476 456 472 541 523 514 504 $10,000 - $19,999 408 445 527 474 465 454 510 547 536 562 534 $20,000 - $29,999 384 385 415 433 432 478 444 440 465 449 446 $30,000 - $39,999 273 302 337 332 328 341 368 352 340 325 318 $40,000 or more 303 429 537 573 600 558 577 550 581 565 542 All Households 1,786 2,084 2,345 2,272 2,301 2,287 2,371 2,430 2,445 2,415 2,344 Minnesota $9,999 or less 201 165 154 130 131 137 120 118 137 149 134 $10,000 - $19,999 255 212 161 142 131 134 130 145 164 154 134 $20,000 - $29,999 225 175 141 121 124 125 125 118 138 134 138 $30,000 - $39,999 197 140 110 94 120 99 86 86 86 95 90 $40,000 or more 210 192 152 157 153 141 153 153 120 149 156 All Households 1,088 884 718 644 659 636 614 620 645 681 652 Mississippi $9,999 or less 296 259 254 259 240 249 264 267 285 294 251 $10,000 - $19,999 201 222 212 192 205 199 196 218 202 198 200 $20,000 - $29,999 148 125 124 113 121 127 139 125 129 131 115 $30,000 - $39,999 70 66 67 82 82 81 100 78 83 78 85 $40,000 or more 79 77 84 84 87 89 80 74 71 95 96 All Households 794 749 741 730 735 745 779 762 770 796 747 Missouri $9,999 or less 266 249 197 189 188 174 148 156 192 188 171 $10,000 - $19,999 294 257 238 214 197 183 173 172 142 171 154 $20,000 - $29,999 182 198 193 145 162 114 132 126 128 123 123 $30,000 - $39,999 130 134 131 119 114 91 84 79 81 98 96 $40,000 or more 173 171 148 148 147 120 121 112 114 114 97 All Households 1,045 1,009 907 815 808 682 658 645 657 694 641 Montana $9,999 or less 230 185 207 201 233 192 207 210 186 168 182 $10,000 - $19,999 220 201 203 227 210 221 206 232 216 232 225 $20,000 - $29,999 180 143 139 154 152 167 153 160 142 148 145 $30,000 - $39,999 104 98 97 90 91 99 121 90 82 99 84 $40,000 or more 96 102 131 125 106 94 106 101 113 108 121 All Households 830 729 777 797 792 773 793 793 739 755 757 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 75 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.20 Sample Size 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Louisiana 194 177 179 155 188 167 249 239 260 256 211 156 163 153 157 159 161 224 223 227 233 200 110 131 126 114 119 128 140 155 150 152 145 76 70 77 85 79 63 103 82 112 100 82 102 91 113 140 144 133 154 201 184 176 157 638 632 648 651 689 652 870 900 933 917 795 Maine 132 103 109 113 94 95 250 274 269 263 284 132 130 130 149 140 122 279 290 282 313 293 111 134 119 113 123 132 250 237 221 209 256 57 72 82 67 77 60 199 163 164 185 175 91 81 84 97 116 127 290 305 268 279 331 523 520 524 539 550 536 1,268 1,269 1,204 1,249 1,339 Maryland 102 92 94 72 77 81 186 189 175 201 221 124 125 107 111 97 98 214 207 223 190 254 93 102 94 107 95 103 201 198 195 233 228 79 66 76 77 92 86 192 151 144 165 191 158 184 180 197 189 205 481 522 505 450 586 556 569 551 564 550 573 1,274 1,267 1,242 1,239 1,480 Massachusetts 487 250 245 251 227 224 259 248 255 267 225 429 230 247 217 263 241 244 242 238 235 219 328 189 188 194 173 159 224 207 244 198 184 328 143 159 136 159 142 210 193 175 187 158 703 339 346 389 381 380 496 579 531 522 488 2,275 1,151 1,185 1,187 1,203 1,146 1,433 1,469 1,443 1,409 1,274 Michigan 480 327 304 312 291 280 361 346 410 381 397 519 349 366 340 345 328 412 443 487 445 474 467 287 284 308 278 282 370 381 361 332 357 332 224 250 221 239 247 298 285 290 314 273 597 468 477 481 512 551 731 686 637 649 587 2,395 1,655 1,681 1,662 1,665 1,688 2,172 2,141 2,185 2,121 2,088 Minnesota 135 123 117 112 110 116 155 155 156 199 177 145 158 147 141 127 137 240 253 241 242 286 122 126 126 136 112 130 257 249 243 254 274 80 96 110 93 106 105 201 235 217 200 252 151 182 176 209 226 216 553 520 541 525 557 633 685 676 691 681 704 1,406 1,412 1,398 1,420 1,546 Mississippi 207 184 181 167 166 160 225 250 246 223 218 182 160 158 153 158 146 177 197 204 217 178 106 106 118 114 97 104 149 140 123 145 116 70 70 56 73 67 70 100 90 103 85 94 90 75 99 84 101 110 149 135 148 169 149 655 595 612 591 589 590 800 812 824 839 755 Missouri 130 110 120 118 98 101 176 183 217 211 250 147 149 162 145 142 133 240 284 249 256 290 129 122 113 103 96 118 232 206 211 200 211 79 90 92 95 99 95 195 173 161 181 175 83 115 125 135 144 151 337 346 340 320 328 568 586 612 596 579 598 1,180 1,192 1,178 1,168 1,254 Montana 173 165 161 167 157 173 186 204 207 204 198 220 210 210 206 204 192 247 238 215 231 220 152 141 136 146 159 126 173 165 171 146 138 84 72 72 84 74 84 96 110 112 115 107 111 104 109 104 124 112 164 140 151 128 124 740 692 688 707 718 687 866 857 856 824 787 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 76 Table 6.20 Sample Size Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Nebraska $9,999 or less 202 164 167 158 160 156 170 166 163 163 147 $10,000 - $19,999 192 209 193 206 204 206 201 199 204 205 191 $20,000 - $29,999 155 171 166 158 161 166 147 165 176 175 179 $30,000 - $39,999 93 104 99 100 107 100 113 115 126 128 106 $40,000 or more 109 117 104 106 117 121 130 118 113 125 129 All Households 751 765 729 728 749 749 761 763 782 796 752 Nevada $9,999 or less 98 88 114 77 97 94 100 124 112 120 100 $10,000 - $19,999 143 147 135 138 153 144 159 161 185 152 136 $20,000 - $29,999 135 118 101 122 129 143 160 152 139 149 145 $30,000 - $39,999 114 104 87 82 94 87 105 107 93 101 89 $40,000 or more 123 120 106 128 124 134 126 158 166 126 145 All Households 613 577 543 547 597 602 650 702 695 648 615 New Hampshire $9,999 or less 104 86 61 65 63 83 77 58 79 74 66 $10,000 - $19,999 135 116 111 97 112 81 84 74 81 85 91 $20,000 - $29,999 120 111 107 102 100 99 94 83 88 108 98 $30,000 - $39,999 86 86 69 82 93 85 85 83 63 82 71 $40,000 or more 94 107 103 134 149 147 166 136 132 129 109 All Households 539 506 451 480 517 495 506 434 443 478 435 New Jersey $9,999 or less 300 353 375 409 389 355 359 387 433 453 447 $10,000 - $19,999 311 363 432 398 398 396 429 406 452 465 442 $20,000 - $29,999 292 335 384 384 362 382 351 438 385 395 389 $30,000 - $39,999 206 302 377 349 366 346 372 335 317 307 318 $40,000 or more 382 563 739 740 741 793 821 820 834 775 790 All Households 1,491 1,916 2,307 2,280 2,256 2,272 2,332 2,386 2,421 2,395 2,386 New Mexico $9,999 or less 250 232 202 208 206 242 231 203 225 216 192 $10,000 - $19,999 219 214 221 246 249 257 247 235 199 189 203 $20,000 - $29,999 163 162 148 154 155 165 175 155 153 126 112 $30,000 - $39,999 102 101 102 94 84 80 87 91 106 110 96 $40,000 or more 129 150 132 112 111 108 137 124 122 117 122 All Households 863 859 805 814 805 852 877 808 805 758 725 New York $9,999 or less 1,044 1,025 1,028 995 971 628 1,000 1,083 1,111 1,067 1,072 $10,000 - $19,999 800 914 950 870 885 553 877 879 878 941 907 $20,000 - $29,999 663 740 726 745 708 487 766 792 741 704 681 $30,000 - $39,999 493 498 542 569 541 376 584 605 560 546 517 $40,000 or more 676 825 956 947 1,007 677 1,213 1,077 1,049 971 931 All Households 3,676 4,002 4,202 4,126 4,112 2,721 4,440 4,436 4,339 4,229 4,108 North Carolina $9,999 or less 255 434 551 576 575 542 572 563 583 567 530 $10,000 - $19,999 294 458 561 588 589 607 611 632 633 619 600 $20,000 - $29,999 237 346 474 478 441 471 484 464 444 437 429 $30,000 - $39,999 154 220 284 314 323 321 356 329 331 334 314 $40,000 or more 132 266 368 359 402 422 445 401 398 443 405 All Households 1,072 1,724 2,238 2,315 2,330 2,363 2,468 2,389 2,389 2,400 2,278 North Dakota $9,999 or less 187 196 173 180 195 175 167 187 195 168 180 $10,000 - $19,999 185 206 196 206 213 220 219 217 221 227 237 $20,000 - $29,999 157 171 153 153 179 165 176 168 170 177 157 $30,000 - $39,999 102 100 113 127 117 115 110 104 97 78 100 $40,000 or more 108 110 106 97 109 114 97 103 97 107 119 All Households 739 783 741 763 813 789 769 779 780 757 793 Ohio $9,999 or less 462 501 479 495 509 518 503 533 554 541 543 $10,000 - $19,999 531 546 540 555 577 544 608 644 636 639 641 $20,000 - $29,999 485 503 491 491 522 509 504 493 505 521 461 $30,000 - $39,999 308 357 376 355 360 384 366 365 371 400 353 $40,000 or more 373 404 486 497 521 519 551 570 503 521 543 All Households 2,159 2,311 2,372 2,393 2,489 2,474 2,532 2,605 2,569 2,622 2,541 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 77 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.20 Sample Size 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Nebraska 128 153 140 141 149 150 185 180 206 205 223 193 157 170 169 163 151 271 284 275 261 250 139 147 136 133 132 138 236 233 225 223 204 96 78 95 80 95 84 174 204 174 176 167 131 119 122 147 149 166 351 330 328 339 304 687 654 663 670 688 689 1,217 1,231 1,208 1,204 1,148 Nevada 120 115 83 119 111 105 189 166 203 248 168 137 142 156 146 168 182 303 368 404 350 312 118 107 140 130 169 142 294 307 307 269 240 98 94 77 102 97 99 235 208 215 211 175 141 131 155 171 186 212 396 422 413 408 327 614 589 611 668 731 740 1,417 1,471 1,542 1,486 1,222 New Hampshire 77 80 77 71 77 69 154 156 165 152 148 121 98 116 111 85 111 228 218 189 190 238 82 108 86 88 108 90 214 206 215 207 184 79 64 69 69 73 65 187 178 199 193 184 111 128 115 148 157 163 498 466 496 497 491 470 478 463 487 500 498 1,281 1,224 1,264 1,239 1,245 New Jersey 432 284 256 239 252 256 309 309 298 306 263 426 250 292 258 279 297 340 348 346 327 288 364 247 205 229 209 235 315 299 297 276 267 345 226 231 183 207 219 244 244 253 249 190 771 481 522 547 552 526 755 767 787 789 675 2,338 1,488 1,506 1,456 1,499 1,533 1,963 1,967 1,981 1,947 1,683 New Mexico 233 287 295 229 241 221 245 256 257 244 220 211 227 263 245 224 231 244 285 253 274 239 149 152 144 166 152 170 204 195 186 170 171 100 89 91 101 117 92 139 141 127 103 126 117 112 124 142 178 166 185 180 188 195 173 810 867 917 883 912 880 1,017 1,057 1,011 986 929 New York 1,107 909 899 895 848 768 912 928 889 840 791 878 751 715 673 650 703 889 793 846 745 670 673 559 533 535 522 528 649 674 639 562 610 447 407 438 384 406 358 505 467 461 463 432 959 779 804 863 861 950 1,247 1,224 1,165 1,107 970 4,064 3,405 3,389 3,350 3,287 3,307 4,202 4,086 4,000 3,717 3,473 North Carolina 512 278 261 229 281 278 349 353 378 395 390 511 288 314 311 283 303 379 389 423 413 378 390 221 249 237 232 231 320 347 290 279 291 261 156 191 171 169 156 221 201 210 204 226 390 249 290 290 304 331 383 389 374 353 384 2,064 1,192 1,305 1,238 1,269 1,299 1,652 1,679 1,675 1,644 1,669 North Dakota 173 161 158 162 163 152 215 242 232 215 183 197 172 162 161 181 163 274 255 270 224 244 145 116 148 133 89 127 222 217 203 222 191 94 94 84 85 91 87 180 166 163 173 125 92 91 89 103 113 93 210 217 200 205 201 701 634 641 644 637 622 1,101 1,097 1,068 1,039 944 Ohio 548 378 397 364 357 353 435 451 425 414 436 578 438 439 449 429 433 486 504 538 492 521 477 306 316 319 287 360 459 467 439 424 373 317 268 247 264 263 248 371 316 337 322 335 516 442 423 475 538 490 724 709 665 647 614 2,436 1,832 1,822 1,871 1,874 1,884 2,475 2,447 2,404 2,299 2,279 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 78 Table 6.20 Sample Size Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Oklahoma $9,999 or less 228 189 196 170 189 184 178 177 212 219 223 $10,000 - $19,999 245 214 202 189 180 169 187 214 182 197 189 $20,000 - $29,999 159 151 167 128 131 130 115 137 131 125 156 $30,000 - $39,999 113 106 105 78 87 71 80 82 100 91 85 $40,000 or more 144 155 127 124 119 128 131 111 116 121 108 All Households 889 815 797 689 706 682 691 721 741 753 761 Oregon $9,999 or less 181 137 123 126 134 107 119 129 135 136 122 $10,000 - $19,999 197 196 150 133 124 143 157 161 169 152 152 $20,000 - $29,999 184 135 108 142 133 131 132 140 135 108 132 $30,000 - $39,999 111 95 76 85 87 98 94 84 95 102 74 $40,000 or more 118 122 104 99 103 110 108 127 121 141 143 All Households 791 685 561 585 581 589 610 641 655 639 623 Pennsylvania $9,999 or less 575 602 533 494 539 493 513 549 560 590 563 $10,000 - $19,999 564 656 652 625 585 608 590 648 612 626 604 $20,000 - $29,999 488 475 500 497 509 493 488 522 500 482 479 $30,000 - $39,999 297 321 358 326 353 354 361 352 387 332 311 $40,000 or more 369 410 470 469 493 508 554 513 509 520 519 All Households 2,293 2,464 2,513 2,411 2,479 2,456 2,506 2,584 2,568 2,550 2,476 Rhode Island $9,999 or less 147 141 115 101 97 107 104 88 116 121 119 $10,000 - $19,999 143 129 109 110 117 109 121 121 115 127 111 $20,000 - $29,999 124 127 109 105 100 90 109 105 106 109 99 $30,000 - $39,999 96 82 82 85 89 81 86 63 72 69 80 $40,000 or more 95 98 99 117 119 145 125 123 106 100 116 All Households 605 577 514 518 522 532 545 500 515 526 525 South Carolina $9,999 or less 178 151 183 186 163 192 228 171 183 179 201 $10,000 - $19,999 178 159 168 172 177 174 204 173 181 184 174 $20,000 - $29,999 132 121 115 144 140 160 141 164 129 136 121 $30,000 - $39,999 68 81 78 90 115 111 109 102 105 105 67 $40,000 or more 66 104 135 138 144 147 142 148 142 126 137 All Households 622 616 679 730 739 784 824 758 740 730 700 South Dakota $9,999 or less 253 232 225 232 222 196 218 189 199 229 223 $10,000 - $19,999 249 218 260 255 248 234 203 247 257 242 232 $20,000 - $29,999 185 190 169 182 184 158 185 167 171 196 182 $30,000 - $39,999 85 104 90 104 98 91 98 114 98 105 105 $40,000 or more 99 96 96 91 118 129 109 95 94 107 115 All Households 871 840 840 864 870 808 813 812 819 879 857 Tennessee $9,999 or less 256 249 194 212 198 199 213 190 213 216 216 $10,000 - $19,999 229 214 201 188 180 196 164 212 219 223 197 $20,000 - $29,999 154 141 123 134 143 133 132 129 145 140 141 $30,000 - $39,999 96 94 72 73 79 79 86 81 89 94 77 $40,000 or more 107 111 78 87 110 115 105 104 114 103 95 All Households 842 809 668 694 710 722 700 716 780 776 726 Texas $9,999 or less 698 703 687 714 735 782 801 721 755 770 744 $10,000 - $19,999 787 785 750 734 759 800 813 818 796 787 810 $20,000 - $29,999 602 637 552 550 509 612 562 601 571 521 502 $30,000 - $39,999 410 390 404 379 429 345 387 377 334 342 331 $40,000 or more 605 606 615 597 586 567 567 547 517 538 554 All Households 3,102 3,121 3,008 2,974 3,018 3,106 3,130 3,064 2,973 2,958 2,941 Utah $9,999 or less 165 119 84 93 92 103 92 109 135 95 75 $10,000 - $19,999 221 165 154 150 170 171 157 169 169 132 145 $20,000 - $29,999 208 155 131 150 135 133 144 147 129 136 125 $30,000 - $39,999 109 97 78 93 94 102 108 94 80 94 100 $40,000 or more 131 132 119 123 127 97 131 121 104 120 121 All Households 834 668 566 609 618 606 632 640 617 577 566 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 79 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.20 Sample Size 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Oklahoma 217 213 219 186 176 181 252 235 245 227 188 203 214 212 202 185 202 300 265 270 269 231 134 127 136 165 145 137 198 207 217 193 190 95 81 93 86 98 93 114 144 131 113 111 119 118 125 129 156 150 227 216 209 173 184 768 753 785 768 760 763 1,091 1,067 1,072 975 904 Oregon 131 112 115 119 133 114 188 191 215 206 220 167 150 163 148 131 139 258 277 272 287 260 128 136 129 110 115 136 235 235 246 214 183 93 94 78 83 89 91 169 153 172 172 141 123 131 133 160 169 153 348 345 315 281 307 642 623 618 620 637 633 1,198 1,201 1,220 1,160 1,111 Pennsylvania 547 456 445 418 407 407 448 460 491 506 477 609 470 494 445 461 480 528 554 588 575 549 491 413 387 383 373 335 480 465 472 450 411 339 307 276 280 273 269 364 383 373 374 348 522 473 491 524 572 532 839 829 817 826 687 2,508 2,119 2,093 2,050 2,086 2,023 2,659 2,691 2,741 2,731 2,472 Rhode Island 118 143 141 137 119 121 271 272 271 283 270 125 103 88 110 105 105 257 230 261 270 254 101 106 114 76 72 70 205 210 238 223 200 72 87 73 54 69 71 173 168 165 190 180 113 103 111 143 165 148 420 474 395 422 414 529 542 527 520 530 515 1,326 1,354 1,330 1,388 1,318 South Carolina 147 133 105 122 123 104 216 217 245 262 237 147 131 132 125 138 140 240 217 240 245 249 99 82 107 108 91 92 186 192 189 175 183 69 60 66 58 79 76 126 120 119 120 128 118 99 112 127 112 116 246 211 221 250 201 580 505 522 540 543 528 1,014 957 1,014 1,052 998 South Dakota 189 175 179 147 132 122 244 216 238 228 257 203 180 187 182 175 176 286 256 286 253 272 161 149 150 126 130 139 252 271 234 218 227 94 69 70 73 72 96 184 194 168 167 184 121 113 98 111 129 113 244 262 245 246 238 768 686 684 639 638 646 1,210 1,199 1,171 1,112 1,178 Tennessee 173 153 172 142 140 145 214 216 230 216 227 174 186 159 185 165 158 246 223 240 232 267 142 118 120 122 130 126 177 190 172 171 204 72 84 98 90 90 91 124 102 127 106 135 105 96 106 106 131 141 212 239 218 204 214 666 637 655 645 656 661 973 970 987 929 1,047 Texas 709 667 627 657 602 626 732 685 724 819 825 717 668 699 657 720 683 814 826 861 873 918 490 491 481 487 502 505 655 639 635 604 686 314 304 317 336 321 353 442 405 435 407 491 565 531 559 576 632 675 861 926 864 833 851 2,795 2,661 2,683 2,713 2,777 2,842 3,504 3,481 3,519 3,536 3,771 Utah 110 77 74 83 87 83 108 135 134 111 105 141 167 177 133 126 137 185 193 179 194 201 131 142 135 126 123 124 186 179 217 207 239 89 107 102 118 93 96 153 169 147 161 161 133 125 136 166 172 176 300 302 295 290 283 604 618 624 626 601 616 932 978 972 963 989 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 80 Table 6.20 Sample Size Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Vermont $9,999 or less 132 106 81 101 108 84 75 90 111 79 88 $10,000 - $19,999 175 140 111 131 134 120 115 127 120 110 112 $20,000 - $29,999 114 109 106 112 104 110 111 101 94 106 104 $30,000 - $39,999 89 85 79 82 82 72 81 67 67 70 56 $40,000 or more 78 80 112 99 106 116 109 106 100 67 82 All Households 588 520 489 525 534 502 491 491 492 432 442 Virginia $9,999 or less 167 154 134 122 137 138 152 144 120 120 124 $10,000 - $19,999 237 214 163 167 173 164 169 180 175 157 172 $20,000 - $29,999 215 190 143 165 173 142 148 166 153 151 126 $30,000 - $39,999 163 137 132 123 98 112 111 139 111 126 108 $40,000 or more 267 240 202 239 263 264 283 226 217 215 214 All Households 1,049 935 774 816 844 820 863 855 776 769 744 Washington $9,999 or less 160 126 114 123 122 97 104 109 108 105 109 $10,000 - $19,999 229 182 156 138 154 154 176 185 155 145 135 $20,000 - $29,999 210 171 129 133 131 139 143 152 137 149 123 $30,000 - $39,999 136 117 95 100 107 120 131 125 102 82 96 $40,000 or more 170 167 143 153 151 167 175 155 170 157 160 All Households 905 763 637 647 665 677 729 726 672 638 623 West Virginia $9,999 or less 216 203 235 243 238 227 207 207 217 245 219 $10,000 - $19,999 205 201 215 191 191 207 217 200 213 214 208 $20,000 - $29,999 126 132 111 129 131 131 134 134 130 110 132 $30,000 - $39,999 74 78 76 76 71 71 83 91 84 69 64 $40,000 or more 68 75 69 67 73 84 89 76 81 68 74 All Households 689 689 706 706 704 720 730 708 725 706 697 Wisconsin $9,999 or less 175 221 172 161 157 135 154 163 141 158 158 $10,000 - $19,999 246 191 192 163 184 174 197 209 216 196 196 $20,000 - $29,999 191 154 171 179 142 164 180 172 178 173 149 $30,000 - $39,999 144 117 121 123 130 130 128 137 136 137 134 $40,000 or more 149 126 128 157 167 169 169 169 160 191 162 All Households 905 809 784 783 780 772 828 850 831 855 799 Wyoming $9,999 or less 106 101 119 99 94 103 87 111 109 102 114 $10,000 - $19,999 145 131 140 107 102 127 131 120 138 137 118 $20,000 - $29,999 140 133 82 83 92 96 110 113 118 108 90 $30,000 - $39,999 81 91 81 74 80 85 84 84 89 75 76 $40,000 or more 97 113 106 88 114 97 106 94 82 95 78 All Households 569 569 528 451 482 508 518 522 536 517 476 United States Total $9,999 or less 13,633 13,345 12,825 12,530 12,661 11,801 12,676 13,007 13,224 13,325 13,015 $10,000 - $19,999 14,753 14,478 13,991 13,578 13,729 13,014 13,841 14,240 14,329 14,174 13,768 $20,000 - $29,999 11,789 11,789 11,303 11,263 11,185 10,831 11,527 11,637 11,289 11,169 10,631 $30,000 - $39,999 7,968 8,053 8,176 8,157 8,326 7,637 8,337 8,182 7,875 7,910 7,342 $40,000 or more 10,536 11,609 12,198 12,457 13,074 12,052 13,560 12,863 12,502 12,392 12,323 All Households 58,679 59,274 58,493 57,985 58,975 55,335 59,941 59,929 59,219 58,970 57,079 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 81 Total Household Income in March 1984 Dollars * $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households $9,999 or less $10,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $39,999 $40,000 or more All Households Table 6.20 Sample Size 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Vermont 89 99 112 103 82 94 206 186 201 200 171 119 131 134 129 122 107 265 258 215 248 210 94 110 92 109 96 101 237 211 211 202 196 74 71 88 65 72 73 167 142 159 155 156 112 96 81 107 112 118 299 322 285 332 305 488 507 507 513 484 493 1,174 1,119 1,071 1,137 1,038 Virginia 171 132 132 141 118 109 194 206 200 225 249 252 169 169 144 165 152 269 238 284 230 299 218 135 139 118 122 140 245 247 215 211 257 183 86 96 100 93 103 178 165 184 211 189 357 195 211 233 251 257 445 477 457 476 493 1,181 717 747 736 749 761 1,331 1,333 1,340 1,353 1,487 Washington 129 111 116 110 94 114 223 209 233 237 236 174 152 169 119 122 124 278 316 308 259 263 130 124 105 136 134 122 266 232 251 248 250 75 87 86 101 115 88 186 187 159 193 200 155 155 167 203 218 213 397 417 436 424 418 663 629 643 669 683 661 1,350 1,361 1,387 1,361 1,367 West Virginia 223 214 224 206 206 194 297 305 312 298 244 195 195 181 168 185 193 304 292 315 277 264 125 127 119 134 120 136 191 191 191 214 170 76 68 68 78 64 71 168 130 126 134 110 79 98 96 96 107 103 172 190 181 164 177 698 702 688 682 682 697 1,132 1,108 1,125 1,087 965 Wisconsin 119 108 130 119 113 115 202 202 218 216 253 170 145 150 149 154 148 309 325 331 305 295 159 151 140 155 139 135 275 295 296 286 277 105 133 113 99 114 106 241 234 229 220 236 167 179 196 183 187 213 461 469 421 429 391 720 716 729 705 707 717 1,488 1,525 1,495 1,456 1,452 Wyoming 120 150 138 157 129 128 179 174 182 170 151 150 167 180 150 164 162 232 244 266 254 206 114 119 118 131 126 143 230 213 233 207 179 105 90 90 93 93 91 168 158 131 175 164 109 112 105 117 128 134 236 230 227 247 231 598 638 631 648 640 658 1,045 1,019 1,039 1,053 931 United States Total 12,867 11,130 11,103 10,608 10,304 9,941 14,039 14,322 14,839 14,909 14,687 13,540 11,833 11,998 11,625 11,542 11,739 16,674 16,777 17,471 16,792 16,918 10,513 9,271 9,061 9,176 9,016 9,234 14,299 14,123 13,920 13,415 13,480 7,275 6,482 6,714 6,607 6,714 6,643 10,746 10,395 10,425 10,320 10,298 12,746 10,966 11,435 12,337 13,209 13,459 22,296 22,648 21,655 21,713 21,064 56,941 49,682 50,311 50,353 50,785 51,016 78,054 78,265 78,310 77,149 76,447 * Current dollar equivalents are at the end of Table 6.14 6 - 82