Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States as of December 31, 2005 Craig Stroup and John Vu Industry Analysis and Technology Division Wireline Competition Bureau Federal Communications Commission January 2007 This report is available for reference in the FCC's Reference Information Center, Courtyard Level, 445 12th Street SW, Washington, DC 20554. Several private firms specialize in locating, duplicating, and distributing FCC documents. Documents may be purchased by calling Best Copy and Printing, Inc. at (202) 488-5300 or via their website at www.bcpiweb.com. This and many other useful reports can also be downloaded from the Wireline Competition Bureau Statistical Reports Internet site at www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 2 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States As of December 31, 2005 Executive Summary This is the Federal Communications Commission’s report on numbering resource utilization in the United States. 1 In this report, we summarize an ongoing systematic collection of comprehensive data on the utilization of telephone numbers within the United States. The underlying information was acquired from carriers holding numbering resources and was analyzed as part of our ongoing assessment of the efficacy of numbering resource optimization measures prescribed by the Commission’s Numbering Resource Optimization (NRO) Orders. 2 Findings As of December 31, 2005: • Overall, 43.4% of all telephone numbers were assigned to end users. • The overall utilization rate for Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (ILECs) was 52.4%, down from 52.8% six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Cellular/PCS carriers was 59.1%, up from 56.9% six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (CLECs) was 19.7%, up from 18.1% six months earlier. • Thousands-block pooling has made it unnecessary to distribute about 230 million telephone numbers. 1 The previous edition of this report, with data as of June, 2005, was released in May 2006. 2 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 15 FCC Rcd 7574 (2000) (First NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99- 200, 96-98, Second Report and Order, Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99- 200, and Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 16 FCC Rcd 306 (2000) (Second NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Third Report and Order and Second Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, 17 FCC Rcd 252 (2001) (Third NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Fourth Report and Order in CC Docket No. 99-200 and CC Docket No. 95-116, and Fourth Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 18 FCC Rcd 12472 (2003) (Fourth NRO Order). 3 • In the second half of 2005, carriers returned 4.49 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. • In the first half of 2006, carriers returned 3.69 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. • Utahans port their numbers the most, porting 15.4% of their assigned numbers. Delawareans are next, with 13.8% of assigned numbers ported. Background The United States uses ten-digit telephone numbers, which are organized in accordance with the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). 3 The NANP divides the country into separate geographic areas called numbering plan areas (NPAs), more commonly called area codes. Calls between these areas are generally dialed using the three-digit area code, followed by a seven-digit local telephone number. When the NANP was established in 1947, only 78 area codes were assigned to carriers in the United States. Only 36 new codes were added through 1989. But the rate of activation increased dramatically. In the 1990s, 109 new area codes were activated in the United States. 4 Because the remaining supply of unassigned area codes is diminishing, and because a premature exhaust of area codes imposes significant costs on consumers, the Commission has taken a number of steps to ensure that the limited numbering resources are used efficiently. Among other things, the Commission requires carriers to submit data on numbering resource utilization and forecasts twice a year. The information is submitted using FCC Form 502, which is known as the Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast (NRUF) form. 5 Carriers controlling numbering resources for the purpose of providing services to their customers are required to file their NRUF forms with the North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA) 6 by February 1 and August 1 of each year. 7 3 The North American Numbering Plan is used in the United States and its territories, and in Canada, Bermuda, and many Caribbean nations, including Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas not in the Caribbean, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The data contained in this report are all limited to the United States and its overseas territories. 4 NeuStar, Inc. publishes a database containing information about each area code on its website: http://www.nanpa.com/npa/allnpas.zip. 5 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order, 15 FCC Rcd 17005, 17006, n. 9 (2000) (July 2000 NRO Order). FCC Form 502 and most other FCC forms can be downloaded from www.fcc.gov/formpage.html. 6 The current NANPA is NeuStar, Inc. 7 First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7603, para. 67. 4 The administrator compiles the information submitted into a database and provides that database to the Commission. 8 The information in this report presents number utilization as of December 31, 2005. It reflects all corrections and submissions that the NANPA received through April 18, 2006. 9 Historically, local telephone companies received geographic numbers in blocks of 10,000. These blocks of 10,000 numbers are often called NXXs, or central office codes, and are identifiable as the first three digits of a seven-digit telephone number. 10 One of the recent efforts to improve the efficiency with which numbers are used is “thousands-block number pooling,” where an NXX is broken into ten sequential blocks of 1,000 numbers. Carriers may then be required to donate unused or underutilized blocks to a pooling administrator, which then assigns those thousands-blocks to other carriers in need of numbers. 11 This effectively allows the assignment of numbers in blocks of 1,000 rather than 10,000. Most carriers are required to report their telephone number usage at the thousands-block level so that the Commission can evaluate the efficacy of telephone number pooling. Carriers that meet the statutory definition of “rural telephone company” 12 and operate in non-pooling areas are required to submit their number usage at the NXX level. In this report, we present utilization data for four types of carriers: 13 • Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (ILECs) • Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (CLECs) • Cellular/PCS Carriers • Paging Carriers 8 The NANPA’s database is continually updated because not all carriers file by the prescribed date, and because carriers sometimes file updated information throughout the year. 9 Not all carriers filed their NRUF forms by the February 1, 2006 deadline. 10 A ten-thousands block is the block of 10,000 telephone numbers that have the same area code and the same NXX. 11 The current pooling administrator is NeuStar, Inc., which is also the NANPA. See Federal Communications Commission's Common Carrier Bureau Selects NeuStar, Inc. as National Thousands-Block Number Pooling Administrator, Press Release (rel. June 18, 2001). 12 47 U.S.C. § 153(37). 13 Carriers classified themselves in a variety of ways on their NRUF forms. With one exception, each carrier type was aggregated into one of these four categories for the purposes of this report. The exception involves carriers calling themselves interexchange carriers. These carriers reported data for area codes 500 and 900, which are summarized in Table 10 of this report. Therefore, there was no need to classify interexchange carriers as one of the four carrier types listed above. Also, carriers may provide multiple types of services, and may be doing so under a single operating company number. Where this occurs, this may cause a problem because carriers must indicate only their primary line of business on FCC Form 502. Thus, for example, there is some potential that some numbers are classified as cellular but are really used for paging. Only small carriers seem to do this, so the effects of this misclassification should be minor. 5 Carriers report on numbering resources in the following six categories: • assigned • intermediate • reserved • aging • administrative • available An assigned number is one that is in use by an end-user customer. Intermediate numbers are those that one carrier has made available for use by another carrier (or to a non-carrier) so that the numbers may then be assigned to an end user. Reserved numbers are those that are being held by the service provider at the request of an end user for future use. Aging numbers are those that are being held out of use by the carrier for a period of time after the end user that last used them discontinues service. Administrative numbers include test numbers and other numbers used for network purposes. Available numbers are numbers that are generally available for assignment to customers. 14 Some carriers receive telephone numbers from other carriers. When this occurs, the carrier that received its numbers from another carrier (as opposed to directly from the NANPA) is required to report utilization data for those numbers, and to mark those numbers as having been received from other carriers. 15 The vast majority of numbering resources reported were part of geographic area codes. That is, the numbers were part of area codes that are associated with specific regions of the United States or another country. For instance, area code 406 is associated with Montana, and area code 506 is associated with New Brunswick, Canada. Carriers are also required to report on utilization of some non-geographic area codes, such as 500 numbers and 900 numbers (which are described later in this report). Carriers use other types of non-geographic numbering resources as well: millions of numbers are used to provide toll-free services using non-geographic area codes such as 800, 888, 877 and 866. These numbering resources are managed separately. 14 For precise definitions of these categories, see 47 C.F.R. § 52.15. 15 This means that sometimes more than one carrier can report utilization data for the same thousands-block (or ten-thousands block). Carriers receiving numbers from another carrier are required to report utilization data for those numbers on a different page (of FCC Form 502) than the page that carriers use to report numbers received directly from the NANPA. Not all carriers that received numbers from other carriers filed on the correct page, however, so within the database it can appear that more than one carrier has reported data for the same block of numbers. Carriers that receive numbers from other carriers are also required to report on any telephone numbers received from the NANPA. 6 Analysis and Results Table 1 shows the total quantity of telephone numbers reported by the carriers and the number of 10,000 blocks (or NXXs) that were reported. Table 1 also shows the quantity of telephone numbers that carriers reported for each of the six categories described above. The percentages for each of the six categories are provided as well. Carriers have reported usage data on nearly 130,000 NXXs. This is up from the 128,800 NXXs from the previous filing (data for June 30, 2005). As the NANPA calculates that about 134,500 NXXs have been assigned to United States carriers, 16 this round of submissions (data for December 31, 2005) appears to have garnered usable information on nearly 97% of the numbering resources assigned to carriers in the United States. Although the reporting level is high, many carriers still had not provided usable utilization data by April 18, 2006, the cut-off date for inclusion in this report. Carriers filing FCC Forms 502 reported that nearly 582 million telephone numbers were assigned to end users, and that over 669 million were available for assignment. Thus, the quantity of numbers available for assignment exceeds the number already assigned to end users. These 669 million available numbers do not include any telephone numbers in NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. As more NXXs are assigned to carriers by the NANPA, and more area codes are opened, more numbers will become available. Intermediate, reserved, aging and administrative categories collectively account for another 91 million telephone numbers of the NXXs assigned to carriers. The quantity of ILEC assigned numbers is down slightly, reflecting the decreasing number of ILEC lines. 17 The quantity of cellular/PCS assigned numbers is up, reflecting that sector’s growth. Table 2 presents utilization statistics for carriers reporting at the thousands-block level (carriers that do not meet the statutory definition of a rural carrier are required to report at the thousands-block level). Table 3 presents statistics for rural carriers, which are required to report only at the 10,000 block level. 18 As might be expected, overall utilization rates are lower in rural areas (14% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users) than in more urban areas (45% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users). Table 4 shows utilization statistics on a state-by-state basis. As might be expected, states that are relatively rural and have low population densities have a lower percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end-user customers than in more urban, populous states. Again, carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of 16 The NANPA lists the codes that have been issued on their web site: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. 17 See Industry Analysis Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December, 2005 (Table 1) (2006). 18 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7604-05, para. 71. A small number of rural carriers may operate in areas with pooling. As all carriers in pooling areas are required to report at the thousands-block level, rural carriers in pooling areas, if any, should be included in Table 2 rather than Table 3. 7 available numbers does not include any of the NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. Table 5 shows the number of carriers reporting telephone number utilization data for each state. Carriers are required to report their NRUF data at the operating company number (OCN) level. 19 Carriers typically obtain one or more OCNs per state in which they operate. The number of carriers in each state is determined by counting the number of OCNs reported in each state. Table 6 shows utilization statistics on an area code-by-area code basis. The table also shows the total number of OCNs reported in each area code. Again, carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include any of the NXXs in the state that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. Table 7 shows actual quantities of assigned, aging and available numbers for wireline carriers (ILECs and CLECs), and for cellular/PCS carriers (wireless carriers). This information is presented on an area code-by-area code basis. The information in Table 7 is useful for at least two reasons. First, while there is no information on the number of working telephone lines in each area code, Table 7 provides at least some indication of what these numbers are. For several reasons, however, the number of working lines per area code cannot be perfectly divined from this information. Although cellular/PCS carriers typically assign one geographic telephone number to each subscriber, wireline carriers sometimes do not. Some wireline customers want multiple telephone numbers associated with a smaller number of lines. This is common when the customer has a PBX. Other customers, especially those expecting many inbound calls, such as from a help line, want a single telephone number that serves many lines. Thus, the quantity of telephone numbers in an area code provides only a rough guide to the number of lines served in each area code. Second, the information in Table 7 provides the only information available for examining churn. 20 After a customer disconnects from a carrier’s network and chooses not to port the number to another carrier, that carrier will hold that number out of circulation (“age” the number) for up to ninety days if the customer was a residential subscriber, and up to one year if the customer was a business subscriber. Therefore, the quantity of aging numbers gives some indication of the number of customers that have disconnected from the carrier’s network in the previous three months to a year. For several reasons, aging numbers, however, do not give a perfect indication of churn. Aside from not measuring numbers ported to another carrier, not all carriers age their numbers for the full time allowed. In particular, where carriers cannot immediately obtain new numbers from the NANPA or the pooling administrator because of area code rationing, and the carriers have no other available numbers to assign to end users, carriers may assign end users telephone numbers that have not been aged for the full time that the states have prescribed. (Thousands-block pooling alleviates this problem by making more numbering resources available.) Moreover, as mentioned in the previous paragraph, wireline carriers do not always issue one telephone 19 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7594, para. 41. Carriers obtain OCNs from the National Exchange Carrier Association. 20 Churn is the rate at which customers change carriers or disconnect service. 8 number per line. Thus, as with line counts, churn rates can only be roughly estimated from the data in Table 7. Table 8 focuses on telephone number pooling. A thousands-block is potentially poolable when 90% or more of the numbers are classified as available for assignment. Pooling is required in the top 100 MSAs. 21 Pooling also is occurring in other areas where a state commission has exercised delegated authority to require pooling. 22 Carriers also have voluntarily implemented pooling in certain areas. The Commission established an initial roll-out schedule for thousands-block number pooling for wireline carriers, which was completed in December 2003. 23 Table 8 shows the number of thousands-blocks that carriers have received from the Pooling Administrator. Table 8 also shows the total number of thousands-blocks in rate centers where pooling exists, and shows the percentage of those thousands blocks that are pooled. Wireless carriers are listed separately from CLECs and ILECs because wireless carriers started porting on November 24, 2003. Table 9 examines the efficacy of thousands-block pooling. Table 9 shows the utilization of the thousands-blocks that were distributed by the Pooling Administrator, and the utilization rate that would have resulted had whole NXXs been issued. 24 Overall, if whole NXXs had been issued instead of individual thousands-blocks, utilization within those blocks would have been 16.6%. With pooling, however, utilization was 56.2%, more than a three-fold increase. Another way of measuring the benefit of pooling is examining the quantity of telephone numbers saved through pooling. With pooling, 96 million telephone numbers were distributed to carriers in pooling areas. Had there been no pooling, 326 million telephone numbers would have been distributed to the carriers. Thus, about 230 million telephone numbers have been saved through thousands-block pooling. Table 10 shows utilization data for two specialized nongeographic area codes: 500 and 900. Area code 500 is used for “follow me” service, which, among other things, can be used to route an incoming call to different phone numbers, depending on the time of day. Area code 21 The composition of MSAs may change over time. If a rate center is part of a top 100 MSA at any time after 1990, then the FCC generally requires number pooling. See Fourth NRO Order, 18 FCC Rcd at 12473, para. 2. 22 The Commission recently granted authority to the West Virginia, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Michigan, and Missouri commissions to expand pooling to areas outside of the top 100 MSAs. The Commission is also seeking comment on whether it should delegate authority to all states to implement mandatory pooling. Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order and Fifth Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 21 FCC Rcd 1833 (2006). 23 See The Common Carrier Bureau Announces The First Quarter Schedule For National Thousands-Block Number Pooling, CC Docket No. 99-200, Public Notice, 17 FCC Rcd 103 (2001). See also Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, Order, 17 FCC Rcd 7347 (2002). 24 Calculating the utilization rate had whole NXXs been issued was a 4-step process: 1) the number of thousands- blocks that a carrier held in a rate center was determined; 2) that number was rounded up to the next ten, which is the number of thousands-blocks the carrier would have received if it had received whole NXXs; 3) the number in step 2 was multiplied by 1,000 to calculate the total quantity of telephone numbers the carrier would have had in the rate center; 4) the number of telephone numbers in that rate center that the carrier assigned to end users was then divided by the quantity of telephone numbers calculated in step 3. 9 900 is used for information services where the caller is not charged the normal long distance rates set by the caller’s long distance carrier, but usually is charged much higher prices that are preset by the call’s recipient. Figures 1 through 4 focus on utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands-blocks that the carriers hold within a local geographic area. 25 We have used rate centers as our measure of local geographic area because thousands blocks are assigned to carriers on a rate- center basis. 26 Carriers serving densely populated areas may need more than one thousands block (each thousands block contains one thousand numbers) to provide service. In these densely populated areas, carriers should generally be able to achieve higher utilization rates than carriers serving less densely populated areas, where one thousands block (or in many rural areas, a whole NXX) may be used to serve just a few customers. Figure 1 shows average ILEC utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands- blocks in a rate center held by a carrier. The points in the figures were calculated using a three-step process. First, thousands-blocks were grouped depending on the number of thousands-blocks held by a carrier within a rate center. Second, the number of thousands- blocks held in a rate center was rounded to the nearest ten, to help protect the confidentiality of the data. Third, the average utilization rates were calculated for each of the groups (i.e., from the group of 10 thousands-blocks per rate center through the group of 1,000 thousands- blocks per rate center). 27 For example, for all instances where a carrier reported from 5 to 14 (which round to 10) thousands-blocks in a rate center, the average utilization rate was calculated. A similar average utilization rate was calculated for all instances where, for a carrier in a rate center, the number of thousands-blocks in a rate center was rounded to 20, 30, and so on through 1,000. To preserve carrier confidentiality, some data points have been collapsed into a single data point. For example, if there were only two companies with 350 thousands-blocks in a rate center, and another two companies with 360 thousands-blocks in a rate center, those data points were collapsed. This way, no carrier-specific data are released. Figures 2 through 4 show the same information for Cellular/PCS carriers, CLECs, and paging carriers. Table 11 focuses on NPA-NXX assignment information. There are three different databases that contain sources of NPA-NXX assignment information: NANPA’s NRUF database, NANPA’s NANP Administration System (NAS) database of NPA-NXX assignments, and the Local Exchange Routing Guide (LERG). 28 For a variety of reasons, the databases are not identical. Timing is a large factor in the differences. For instance, during an area code split, 25 For the purposes of these figures, the utilization rate is defined as the number of telephone numbers assigned to end-user customers divided by 1,000 (the number of telephone numbers in the thousands block). 26 A rate center is a geographic area used to determine distances and prices for local and long distance calls. 27 In order to prevent disclosure of proprietary information, we have grouped some individual data points into clusters so that the specific utilization data for individual carriers cannot be divined by comparing the individual plot points with other data sources. 28 The NANPA’s assignment information can be found online: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. The analysis in Table 11 examines only those codes that NANPA marked “assigned” (i.e., this study does not examine those codes marked “protected”, “reserved”, “unassignable”, or “vacant”). The LERG is published monthly by Telcordia Technologies. 10 a carrier will maintain both the old and new NPA-NXXs in its systems during the phase called permissive dialing. 29 After permissive dialing ends, the carrier should remove the old NPA-NXXs from its systems. During permissive dialing, some carriers report utilization data for both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Further, some carriers may not remove the old NPA-NXXs from their systems promptly after permissive dialing ends, and may therefore report utilization data on both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Also, carriers sometimes delay updating the LERG after an NPA-NXX has been removed from their switch or when the carrier has given the NPA-NXX back to the NANPA. Thus, the NRUF database, the LERG and the NANPA assignment database may not be identical. Table 11 shows the number of NPA-NXXs that appear in the three databases. Table 12 shows the percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end users over time. The only clear trend is that the utilization rate for paging continues to drop because the paging market is shrinking. Cellular/PCS and CLEC utilization rates are generally increasing. Table 13 shows, on a quarterly basis, the number of NXX assignments made by the NANPA, the number of NXXs that have been returned to the NANPA, and the number of net NXX assignments to carriers. The table shows that fewer NXXs generally are being issued each quarter, and that carriers continue to return unneeded NPA-NXXs to the NANPA for reassignment. Tables 14 through 16 display information on telephone number porting. All telephone number porting information in this report is derived from the local number portability database, which was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. 30 There are several reasons that the quantity of ported numbers in the database at any given time does not equal the sum of numbers ported in prior months. When consumers who have already ported their telephone numbers do so again, the porting database retains only the most recent porting activity for those numbers. Consumers can also port their numbers back to the original carrier. 31 When this happens, it is counted as a port even though the number drops out of the porting database. 32 Table 14 shows, on a monthly basis, the quantities of telephone numbers that have been ported since wireless porting started on November 24, 2003. The table shows that most porting activity is intramodal, that is between two landline carriers or between two mobile carriers. Table 15 shows the quantity of telephone numbers in the porting database at the end 29 During permissive dialing, a phone number may be called by using either the old or the new NPA. 30 NeuStar, Inc. is the portability administrator. NeuStar operates seven different porting databases. The Commission combines information from these databases into a combined database. 31 When a customer who is using a ported number discontinues service entirely, the ported number also goes back to the original carrier. 32 Area code splits can cause a number that was at one time ported from Carrier A to Carrier B to appear to be reported from Carrier A to Carrier B, as the database record must be updated to reflect the new area code. When this happens, the old porting record also disappears from the database. 11 of each quarter. Table 16 is based on ports in the database as of June 30, 2006, and shows the quarter in which the numbers were ported. Table 17 shows the number of ports in the database on a state-by-state basis, and Table 18 shows the number of carriers involved in porting on a state-by-state basis. Table 19 shows the percentage of assigned numbers that were ported as of December 31, 2005. 33 Tables 20 through 24 show information about toll-free numbers in the North American Numbering Plan. AT&T introduced toll-free service in 1967. The Commission changed procedures for routing toll-free calls on May 1, 1993 to make toll-free numbers "portable." This change enabled customers to switch service providers yet still retain their toll-free numbers. Table 20 shows that, between 1993 and 2000, the quantity of assigned toll-free numbers grew rapidly: growing from 3.9 million in 1993 to 24.2 million in 2000. New toll-free calling codes were opened to meet the demand. In March 1996, calling code 888 was placed into service. The third toll-free calling code (877) went into effect April 4, 1998, and the fourth toll-free calling code (866) went into effect July 29, 2000. As of June 2006, there were 23.4 million toll-free numbers assigned. Tables 21 through 24 show the growth of each individual toll-free code: 800, 888, 877, and 866, respectively. In the event that another toll-free code is needed, the 855 code would be opened. Database Service Management, Inc./Team DSMI, a subsidiary of Telcordia Technologies, Inc., maintains the Toll-Free Service Management System for the United States and Canada. Table 25 shows the current list of area codes, the state or territory they serve, and the month the code was opened. Table 26 shows area code assignments since January 1999, along with the month the code was added, and the code that served the area previously. Table 27 shows how dialing patterns differ from state to state. For instance, in some states, callers making local calls within an area code are required to dial only the 7-digit phone number. In other states, callers making local calls must dial the ten-digit phone number (area code plus the phone number). Finally, in some states, local callers must dial a “1” before dialing the area code plus the phone number. Each state’s public utilities commission (or public service commission) determines the calling pattern for each area code in their state. 34 For both local and domestic toll calls, there are two basic types of calls: those within an area code and those between area codes. Table 27 shows the dialing patterns for all four types of calls. The last column of Table 27 indicates whether all toll calls in that state require callers to dial a “1” before the telephone number. 33 Paging carriers are not required to port numbers. 34 The dialing patterns for area codes are listed in area code planning letters, which are available on the North American Numbering Plan Administrator’s web site at www.nanpa.com. 12 Additional Information Additional information too lengthy to include in this report is contained on the Commission’s website. 35 The first set of additional information lists the more than 3,000 filers. The list includes the service provider’s name, its parent name, and its OCN. The second set of information shows, by carrier type and by rate center, the number of assigned telephone numbers and the number of thousands blocks reported in that rate center. Some information has been redacted (asterisked out), to prevent the potential release of non- public data. The information also includes the Metropolitan Statistical Area/Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area in which the rate center resides. 36 The pooling information submitted by NeuStar is also available, and includes the NPA, NXX, X (block number), recipient carrier, date of assignment for the block and other information about the block. NeuStar submitted pooling data as of July 10, 2006. For consistency, only blocks with effective dates through December 31, 2005 were used in creating the tables for this report. Technical Details The following material provides technical details on the data and procedures used in this analysis. With respect to Tables 1 through 3, the reader should note that the number of unique NXXs for each carrier type does not add up to the total number of unique NXXs. 37 This occurs when multiple carriers report data for the same numbering resource. In addition, some carriers reported at the thousands-block level and other carriers reported at the NXX level for the same NXX. In the past, when numbers were transferred from an ILEC to another carrier, these numbers were classified as “assigned” because those numbers could not be used elsewhere in the ILEC’s own system. According to the Commission’s standardized definitions, however, these numbers are classified as “intermediate” numbers. It appears that some large carriers have not reported these numbers as intermediate numbers. Because, in many instances, we were unable to match submissions that report intermediate numbers with submissions that report numbers as being received from another carrier, we had to create filters to ensure that numbers were not double counted. 35 This report and additional numbering information can be found at http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/number.html. All of the Industry Analysis & Technology Division’s reports are available on the web, and are conveniently categorized. See http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 36 The rate center’s V&H coordinates from the LERG were used to determine in which MSA/PMSA the rate center resided. If the rate center is not in an MSA/PMSA, then the MSA/PMSA variable is left blank. 37 In some instances, more than one carrier reported numbering utilization data for the same NPA-NXX. Tables 1-3 report on the number of unique NPA-NXXs that were reported by each carrier type and by the industry as a whole. 13 For ease of comparison, Figures 1 through 4 plot utilization rates only when there were 1,000 or fewer thousands-blocks in a rate center. Some ILECs and Cellular/PCS carriers reported more than 1,000 unique thousands-blocks in a single rate center. For both types of carriers, however, the average utilization rates in these instances (where the carrier has more than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center) were the same as the instances where the carrier has just fewer than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center. Therefore, the figures show only the data where the carriers reported up to 1,000 thousands-blocks within a rate center. This allows a linear scale to be used. In some instances, we observed that some CLECs had a large number of thousands-blocks in a single rate center. Although most CLECs do not have enough end-user lines in a rate center to warrant having so many thousands-blocks in that rate center, there are at least two reasons that a CLEC would do so. First, some CLECs provide service to unified messaging services, such as e-fax. 38 These services use large quantities of numbers. 39 Second, some CLECs are operating in areas undergoing area code splits, where the area code will change for many of its thousands-blocks. When this happens, a CLEC may maintain two thousands- blocks (one using the old area code, and another using the new area code) in its systems for a period of time so that callers can adapt to the new area code. * * * * We invite users of this information to provide suggestions for improved data collection and analysis by using the attached customer response form, e-mailing comments to craig.stroup@fcc.gov, john.vu@fcc.gov, or calling the Industry Analysis and Technology Division at (202) 418-0940 (for TTY, call (202) 418-0484). 38 Unified messaging services allow end users to receive multiple types of messages (such as voice mail and faxes) at one phone number. Typically, these messages are then digitized and e-mailed to the end user. Because the end user does not need to answer the call personally, the messages can be sent to any phone number in the United States. Thus, unified messaging service providers can operate efficiently by obtaining a large number of thousands blocks in a single rate center. 39 Carriers assigning numbers to unified messaging services are instructed to report numbers as “intermediate” until the numbers are assigned by the unified messaging service providers to end users. Some carriers have assigned large quantities of numbers to unified messaging services but may not have received information back from the unified messaging company as to whether any of those numbers had been assigned to end users. This may explain why some carriers reported dozens of NXXs in a single rate center, yet still classified all those numbers as intermediate rather than assigned. Table 1 Number Utilization by Carrier Type as of December 31, 2005 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs ILEC 299,264 13,735 7,222 15,911 10,840 224,256 571,230 60,683 Cellular/PCS 211,995 2,391 1,506 10,769 3,275 129,061 358,996 42,744 CLEC 62,433 10,761 4,943 3,300 1,201 233,581 316,219 37,622 Paging 8,251 2,195 2,347 845 147 82,214 95,999 6,105 All Reporting Carriers 581,944 29,082 16,017 30,826 15,463 669,112 1,342,443 129,899 2 ILEC 52.4% 2.4% 1.3% 2.8% 1.9% 39.3% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 59.1% 0.7% 0.4% 3.0% 0.9% 36.0% 100.0% CLEC 19.7% 3.4% 1.6% 1.0% 0.4% 73.9% 100.0% Paging 8.6% 2.3% 2.4% 0.9% 0.2% 85.6% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 43.4% 2.2% 1.2% 2.3% 1.2% 49.8% 100.0% Table 2 Detail of Number Utilization: Non-rural Carriers (Reported at the Thousands-block Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs ILEC 290,475 12,992 6,003 15,158 10,504 175,967 511,099 54,701 Cellular/PCS 210,460 2,332 1,308 10,631 3,190 123,423 351,343 42,008 CLEC 61,930 10,753 4,810 3,277 1,166 227,429 309,364 36,967 Paging 7,853 1,975 2,162 771 108 77,762 90,631 5,606 All Reporting Carriers 570,718 28,052 14,283 29,837 14,968 604,581 1,262,437 122,193 2 ILEC 56.8% 2.5% 1.2% 3.0% 2.1% 34.4% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 59.9% 0.7% 0.4% 3.0% 0.9% 35.1% 100.0% CLEC 20.0% 3.5% 1.6% 1.1% 0.4% 73.5% 100.0% Paging 8.7% 2.2% 2.4% 0.9% 0.1% 85.8% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 45.2% 2.2% 1.1% 2.4% 1.2% 47.9% 100.0% Table 3 Detail of Number Utilization: Rural Carriers (Reported at the NXX Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs ILEC 8,789 744 1,220 753 336 48,289 60,131 6,007 Cellular/PCS 1,535 58 198 139 85 5,638 7,653 740 CLEC 504 8 133 24 35 6,152 6,855 684 Paging 398 220 184 74 39 4,452 5,368 499 All Reporting Carriers 11,226 1,030 1,734 989 495 64,531 80,006 7,922 2 ILEC 14.6% 1.2% 2.0% 1.3% 0.6% 80.3% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 20.1% 0.8% 2.6% 1.8% 1.1% 73.7% 100.0% CLEC 7.4% 0.1% 1.9% 0.3% 0.5% 89.8% 100.0% Paging 7.4% 4.1% 3.4% 1.4% 0.7% 82.9% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 14.0% 1.3% 2.2% 1.2% 0.6% 80.7% 100.0% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of April 18, 2006 (97% of NXXs reported). 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. 2 Unduplicated total. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. 14 Table 4 Telephone Number Utilization by State as of December 31, 2005 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available 1 Total State/jurisdiction 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s Alabama 7,966 40.1 417 2.1 175 0.9 621 3.1 360 1.8 10,349 52.0 19,888 Alaska 1,170 24.0 28 0.6 32 0.7 48 1.0 19 0.4 3,576 73.4 4,873 Arizona 11,417 55.5 439 2.1 174 0.8 547 2.7 157 0.8 7,823 38.1 20,556 Arkansas 4,197 29.3 663 4.6 50 0.3 265 1.9 187 1.3 8,983 62.6 14,346 California 70,572 44.7 7,975 5.1 1,159 0.7 3,408 2.2 2,331 1.5 72,452 45.9 157,898 Colorado 10,740 53.1 79 0.4 185 0.9 565 2.8 252 1.2 8,396 41.5 20,216 Connecticut 6,942 44.1 425 2.7 84 0.5 266 1.7 202 1.3 7,818 49.7 15,735 Delaware 2,228 53.8 24 0.6 85 2.0 77 1.9 23 0.6 1,705 41.2 4,142 District of Columbia 3,791 67.3 26 0.5 151 2.7 131 2.3 27 0.5 1,509 26.8 5,635 Florida 36,137 49.9 1,996 2.8 592 0.8 2,599 3.6 1,064 1.5 29,966 41.4 72,354 Georgia 17,596 45.7 1,522 4.0 322 0.8 1,185 3.1 634 1.6 17,221 44.8 38,480 Guam 184 30.2 0 0.0 83 13.6 7 1.1 4 0.7 331 54.3 610 Hawaii 2,756 55.3 16 0.3 30 0.6 90 1.8 93 1.9 2,000 40.1 4,986 Idaho 2,532 42.2 16 0.3 66 1.1 107 1.8 74 1.2 3,207 53.4 6,002 Illinois 25,268 42.0 915 1.5 1,153 1.9 1,257 2.1 645 1.1 30,955 51.4 60,191 Indiana 10,239 38.6 363 1.4 289 1.1 503 1.9 404 1.5 14,702 55.5 26,500 Iowa 5,295 30.4 122 0.7 203 1.2 260 1.5 136 0.8 11,387 65.4 17,403 Kansas 4,594 26.9 658 3.8 96 0.6 253 1.5 164 1.0 11,345 66.3 17,111 Kentucky 7,150 35.1 429 2.1 147 0.7 471 2.3 220 1.1 11,937 58.6 20,353 Louisiana 8,329 38.5 495 2.3 116 0.5 790 3.6 245 1.1 11,679 53.9 21,654 Maine 2,283 47.6 28 0.6 64 1.3 101 2.1 26 0.5 2,290 47.8 4,792 Maryland 13,441 53.7 69 0.3 389 1.6 514 2.1 142 0.6 10,454 41.8 25,009 Massachusetts 17,527 45.8 343 0.9 992 2.6 749 2.0 217 0.6 18,463 48.2 38,291 Michigan 19,489 39.6 666 1.4 929 1.9 935 1.9 632 1.3 26,614 54.0 49,265 Minnesota 10,510 39.6 266 1.0 444 1.7 571 2.2 168 0.6 14,567 54.9 26,525 Mississippi 4,483 27.1 250 1.5 134 0.8 385 2.3 320 1.9 10,954 66.3 16,526 Missouri 10,273 35.5 424 1.5 820 2.8 593 2.0 263 0.9 16,539 57.2 28,913 Montana 1,405 23.7 12 0.2 84 1.4 66 1.1 29 0.5 4,335 73.1 5,931 Nebraska 3,137 30.5 101 1.0 19 0.2 148 1.4 77 0.8 6,805 66.2 10,288 Nevada 5,613 58.3 376 3.9 65 0.7 260 2.7 93 1.0 3,223 33.5 9,631 New Hampshire 3,100 45.5 17 0.2 68 1.0 89 1.3 34 0.5 3,503 51.4 6,810 New Jersey 19,457 47.5 425 1.0 760 1.9 918 2.2 218 0.5 19,144 46.8 40,923 New Mexico 3,162 45.9 27 0.4 30 0.4 141 2.1 59 0.9 3,471 50.4 6,891 New York 38,561 51.8 1,254 1.7 1,628 2.2 1,768 2.4 490 0.7 30,725 41.3 74,426 North Carolina 16,114 43.8 728 2.0 173 0.5 1,018 2.8 390 1.1 18,385 49.9 36,807 North Dakota 1,026 18.8 43 0.8 19 0.3 45 0.8 29 0.5 4,301 78.7 5,462 Northern Marianas Is 56 21.5 19 7.2 2 0.9 8 3.2 4 1.6 169 65.6 258 Ohio 20,220 41.2 630 1.3 669 1.4 964 2.0 531 1.1 26,121 53.2 49,136 Oklahoma 5,306 28.8 529 2.9 69 0.4 304 1.6 237 1.3 12,005 65.1 18,450 Oregon 6,762 46.5 63 0.4 149 1.0 333 2.3 186 1.3 7,042 48.5 14,535 Pennsylvania 24,429 43.3 367 0.7 895 1.6 1,139 2.0 308 0.5 29,251 51.9 56,389 Puerto Rico 3,550 57.1 1 0.0 26 0.4 226 3.6 70 1.1 2,346 37.7 6,220 Rhode Island 2,697 53.9 8 0.2 71 1.4 93 1.9 16 0.3 2,120 42.3 5,005 South Carolina 7,456 44.9 425 2.6 90 0.5 426 2.6 268 1.6 7,950 47.9 16,613 South Dakota 1,188 21.9 28 0.5 20 0.4 52 1.0 29 0.5 4,116 75.8 5,433 Tennessee 10,881 43.2 514 2.0 123 0.5 607 2.4 208 0.8 12,845 51.0 25,178 Texas 42,180 40.4 3,286 3.1 712 0.7 2,704 2.6 2,107 2.0 53,447 51.2 104,436 Utah 5,412 49.7 31 0.3 131 1.2 229 2.1 78 0.7 5,016 46.0 10,897 Vermont 2,067 44.8 6 0.1 51 1.1 51 1.1 47 1.0 2,392 51.8 4,614 Virgin Islands 76 58.5 0 0.0 0 0.2 9 6.8 1 0.4 44 34.1 129 Virginia 16,095 55.0 63 0.2 475 1.6 740 2.5 194 0.7 11,681 39.9 29,248 Washington 12,826 48.1 1,186 4.5 234 0.9 671 2.5 369 1.4 11,361 42.6 26,648 West Virginia 2,333 40.6 17 0.3 94 1.6 105 1.8 49 0.9 3,151 54.8 5,751 Wisconsin 8,834 35.9 262 1.1 370 1.5 372 1.5 292 1.2 14,477 58.8 24,607 Wyoming 892 25.7 11 0.3 24 0.7 42 1.2 39 1.1 2,465 71.0 3,472 Totals 581,944 43.3 29,082 2.2 16,017 1.2 30,826 2.3 15,463 1.2 669,112 49.8 1,342,443 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of April 18, 2006. 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. 15 Table 5 Number of Carriers Reporting Numbering Resources as of December 31, 2005 1 Paging Unduplicated State/jurisdiction ILEC 2 Cellular/PCS 2 CLEC 2 Carriers 2 Total Carriers Alabama 27 22 23 9 81 Alaska 21 11 2 2 36 Arizona 16 15 24 7 62 Arkansas 29 17 18 7 71 California 19 18 53 13 103 Colorado 33 17 21 9 80 Connecticut 3 8 19 5 35 Delaware 1 7 19 6 33 District of Columbia 1 7 20 4 32 Florida 11 23 53 10 97 Georgia 33 23 44 8 108 Guam 1 4 1 0 6 Hawaii 2 5 5 3 15 Idaho 21 20 15 3 59 Illinois 57 21 40 7 125 Indiana 35 18 41 8 102 Iowa 159 18 51 4 232 Kansas 46 19 22 7 94 Kentucky 18 24 36 6 84 Louisiana 22 16 25 7 70 Maine 14 8 13 3 38 Maryland 2 14 33 6 55 Massachusetts 4 9 33 4 50 Michigan 30 18 37 8 93 Minnesota 87 14 52 5 158 Mississippi 16 22 24 6 68 Missouri 42 21 27 11 101 Montana 21 6 11 4 42 Nebraska 49 12 13 4 78 Nevada 13 12 22 8 55 New Hampshire 7 10 16 5 38 New Jersey 3 9 35 6 53 New Mexico 16 15 11 4 46 New York 29 15 46 9 99 North Carolina 26 17 30 5 78 North Dakota 37 9 15 2 63 Northern Marianas 1 3 0 0 4 Ohio 34 23 44 9 110 Oklahoma 42 19 22 8 91 Oregon 33 15 27 3 78 Pennsylvania 35 21 48 8 112 Puerto Rico 1 6 3 1 11 Rhode Island 1 7 13 5 26 South Carolina 19 14 27 3 63 South Dakota 47 6 14 2 69 Tennessee 23 23 32 5 82 Texas 65 39 56 17 177 Utah 14 15 15 4 48 Vermont 6 5 8 4 23 Virgin Islands 0 3 0 0 3 Virginia 14 17 41 7 79 Washington 19 14 33 7 73 West Virginia 8 17 12 7 44 Wisconsin 69 19 30 8 126 Wyoming 16 14 7 3 40 Unduplicated Total 1,205 370 1,184 118 2,876 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of April 18, 2006. 1 Company numbers determined by counting operating company numbers (OCNs). Carriers typically obtain at least one OCN per state in which they do business. Thus, carriers with multiple OCNs are counted multiple times. 2 Carriers occasionally misclassify the type of service that they provide. For instance, the CLEC operations of ILECs are occasionally classified as ILEC operations. 16 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2005 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 201 New Jersey Jan-47 51.5% 1.3% 1.8% 2.2% 0.5% 42.6% 38 202 District of Columbia Jan-47 67.3% 0.5% 2.7% 2.3% 0.5% 26.8% 32 203 Connecticut Jan-47 45.7% 3.2% 0.5% 1.8% 1.6% 47.1% 33 205 Alabama Jan-47 47.7% 2.2% 0.4% 3.5% 2.2% 44.0% 37 206 Washington Jan-47 59.5% 1.9% 0.8% 2.5% 1.6% 33.6% 33 207 Maine Jan-47 47.6% 0.6% 1.3% 2.1% 0.5% 47.8% 38 208 Idaho Jan-47 42.2% 0.3% 1.1% 1.8% 1.2% 53.4% 59 209 California Jan-58 38.8% 5.9% 0.9% 1.9% 1.7% 50.9% 44 210 Texas Nov-92 58.0% 3.7% 0.7% 3.1% 1.3% 33.2% 30 212 New York Jan-47 73.2% 0.3% 6.0% 3.0% 1.3% 16.3% 30 213 California Jan-47 39.5% 4.9% 0.5% 2.4% 1.9% 50.8% 48 214 Texas Jan-47 52.2% 0.9% 0.7% 3.2% 2.4% 40.7% 44 215 Pennsylvania Jan-47 54.7% 0.7% 2.8% 2.3% 0.8% 38.8% 37 216 Ohio Jan-47 45.4% 0.9% 2.2% 2.5% 0.5% 48.5% 34 217 Illinois Jan-47 33.2% 1.0% 1.9% 1.4% 1.6% 60.9% 42 218 Minnesota Jan-47 21.7% 1.9% 0.6% 1.0% 0.8% 74.1% 65 219 Indiana Jan-47 41.8% 2.7% 0.9% 1.8% 2.1% 50.8% 36 224 Illinois Jan-02 31.0% 1.1% 5.1% 1.8% 0.7% 60.3% 22 225 Louisiana Aug-98 45.9% 2.7% 0.3% 3.6% 1.5% 46.0% 34 228 Mississippi Sep-97 32.4% 0.9% 0.4% 4.1% 1.6% 60.6% 31 229 Georgia Aug-00 29.3% 3.9% 0.5% 2.0% 0.9% 63.4% 33 231 Michigan Jun-99 29.8% 0.6% 0.9% 1.3% 0.7% 66.7% 32 234 Ohio Oct-00 6.3% 0.0% 0.3% 0.2% 0.8% 92.5% 9 239 Florida Mar-02 51.9% 1.4% 0.4% 2.8% 0.4% 43.0% 26 240 Maryland Jun-97 44.6% 0.6% 1.1% 1.8% 0.4% 51.6% 43 248 Michigan May-97 46.4% 2.1% 1.6% 2.2% 1.2% 46.5% 33 251 Alabama Jun-01 42.5% 1.4% 1.2% 2.9% 1.5% 50.6% 36 252 North Carolina Mar-98 34.7% 0.3% 0.1% 2.5% 0.4% 62.0% 30 253 Washington Apr-97 48.7% 8.1% 0.9% 2.8% 0.9% 38.6% 33 254 Texas May-97 31.4% 1.5% 0.9% 2.2% 2.9% 61.0% 42 256 Alabama Mar-98 38.3% 1.9% 0.4% 3.2% 1.6% 54.6% 41 260 Indiana Jan-02 36.7% 0.5% 0.8% 1.3% 2.4% 58.3% 30 262 Wisconsin Sep-99 34.9% 1.1% 1.4% 1.4% 0.5% 60.8% 35 267 Pennsylvania Jul-99 33.9% 0.5% 0.5% 2.0% 0.3% 62.8% 37 269 Michigan Jul-02 39.5% 1.0% 1.2% 1.7% 1.2% 55.4% 40 270 Kentucky Apr-99 28.6% 2.3% 0.4% 2.3% 0.7% 65.8% 45 276 Virginia Sep-01 32.1% 0.1% 0.4% 2.7% 0.5% 64.1% 31 281 Texas Nov-96 44.9% 3.4% 0.4% 3.0% 1.2% 47.1% 38 301 Maryland Jan-47 59.6% 0.1% 1.4% 2.1% 0.7% 36.1% 40 302 Delaware Jan-47 53.8% 0.6% 2.0% 1.9% 0.6% 41.2% 33 303 Colorado Jan-47 63.6% 0.2% 0.8% 2.9% 1.8% 30.7% 34 304 West Virginia Jan-47 40.6% 0.3% 1.6% 1.8% 0.9% 54.8% 44 305 Florida Jan-47 53.8% 4.8% 0.6% 5.1% 1.2% 34.6% 42 307 Wyoming Jan-47 25.7% 0.3% 0.7% 1.2% 1.1% 71.0% 40 308 Nebraska Jan-55 17.0% 1.2% 0.2% 1.0% 0.9% 79.8% 45 309 Illinois Jan-57 39.8% 0.3% 0.9% 1.3% 1.3% 56.5% 51 310 California Nov-91 54.6% 4.0% 0.6% 2.6% 1.2% 37.1% 50 312 Illinois Jan-47 45.1% 2.8% 3.1% 2.3% 1.5% 45.3% 37 313 Michigan Jan-47 43.7% 1.7% 3.9% 3.4% 1.5% 45.8% 30 314 Missouri Jan-47 53.9% 1.6% 2.9% 3.0% 1.1% 37.4% 31 315 New York Jan-47 40.8% 1.1% 1.1% 1.6% 0.6% 54.8% 37 316 Kansas Jan-47 40.1% 3.4% 0.4% 1.9% 1.5% 52.7% 28 317 Indiana Jan-47 48.6% 1.8% 1.7% 2.4% 1.2% 44.4% 41 318 Louisiana Jan-57 33.5% 1.8% 0.2% 2.7% 1.6% 60.2% 36 319 Iowa Jan-47 36.4% 1.3% 0.4% 1.7% 1.9% 58.3% 57 17 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2005 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 320 Minnesota Mar-96 25.4% 0.4% 0.9% 2.0% 0.4% 70.9% 55 321 Florida Nov-99 52.6% 2.1% 0.5% 3.3% 0.9% 40.7% 41 323 California Jun-98 43.5% 3.6% 0.6% 2.7% 1.2% 48.4% 49 325 Texas Apr-03 25.4% 2.8% 1.5% 1.5% 2.6% 66.2% 34 330 Ohio Mar-96 41.1% 0.6% 1.6% 1.8% 0.9% 54.1% 41 334 Alabama Jan-95 31.5% 2.5% 1.9% 2.7% 1.9% 59.5% 42 336 North Carolina Dec-97 45.8% 2.5% 0.4% 2.7% 0.9% 47.8% 47 337 Louisiana Oct-99 34.7% 1.9% 0.3% 2.5% 0.7% 59.9% 37 339 Massachusetts May-01 18.8% 2.2% 1.4% 0.5% 0.5% 76.6% 15 340 Virgin Islands Jun-97 58.5% 0.0% 0.2% 6.8% 0.4% 34.1% 3 347 New York Oct-99 50.2% 6.6% 1.3% 3.8% 0.7% 37.3% 33 351 Massachusetts May-01 12.8% 0.0% 0.1% 1.0% 0.1% 86.0% 1 352 Florida Dec-95 44.8% 2.1% 0.2% 3.0% 0.7% 49.1% 31 360 Washington Jan-95 47.1% 1.7% 0.6% 2.4% 1.2% 46.9% 51 361 Texas Feb-99 25.3% 2.7% 0.2% 1.6% 1.5% 68.7% 34 386 Florida Feb-01 42.7% 3.8% 0.4% 2.5% 0.8% 49.8% 37 401 Rhode Island Jan-47 53.9% 0.2% 1.4% 1.9% 0.3% 42.3% 26 402 Nebraska Jan-47 36.2% 0.9% 0.2% 1.6% 0.7% 60.3% 50 404 Georgia Jan-47 59.0% 3.4% 0.8% 4.2% 3.0% 29.6% 42 405 Oklahoma Jan-47 39.0% 3.8% 0.4% 2.2% 1.3% 53.3% 41 406 Montana Jan-47 23.7% 0.2% 1.4% 1.1% 0.5% 73.1% 42 407 Florida Apr-88 51.4% 3.1% 0.5% 4.0% 0.7% 40.3% 43 408 California Jan-59 50.8% 5.2% 0.9% 2.6% 1.0% 39.5% 41 409 Texas Nov-82 29.1% 6.7% 0.4% 2.2% 1.2% 60.4% 34 410 Maryland Oct-91 61.2% 0.2% 2.4% 2.5% 0.7% 33.0% 37 412 Pennsylvania Jan-47 44.1% 0.2% 2.0% 2.2% 0.8% 50.6% 30 413 Massachusetts Jan-47 48.4% 0.1% 2.0% 1.3% 0.3% 47.9% 35 414 Wisconsin Jan-47 51.3% 2.4% 2.2% 2.7% 1.2% 40.2% 27 415 California Jan-47 45.3% 3.7% 0.7% 2.3% 1.2% 46.8% 45 417 Missouri Jan-50 29.7% 1.8% 6.1% 1.7% 1.2% 59.4% 47 419 Ohio Jan-47 35.3% 3.2% 0.8% 1.7% 1.9% 57.0% 54 423 Tennessee Sep-95 41.2% 1.7% 0.2% 2.3% 0.7% 53.8% 42 424 California Aug-06 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 1 425 Washington Apr-97 49.1% 7.0% 0.9% 2.9% 1.9% 38.2% 32 430 Texas Feb-03 9.6% 47.9% 9.6% 0.0% 4.2% 28.7% 4 432 Texas Apr-03 27.4% 6.9% 1.4% 2.7% 2.1% 59.5% 28 434 Virginia Jun-01 42.2% 0.1% 1.1% 3.1% 0.6% 52.8% 25 435 Utah Sep-97 26.5% 0.4% 1.1% 1.1% 0.4% 70.5% 45 440 Ohio Aug-97 40.0% 1.8% 1.4% 2.1% 0.3% 54.4% 39 443 Maryland Jun-97 41.8% 0.4% 0.9% 1.6% 0.4% 55.0% 37 469 Texas Jul-99 38.8% 3.2% 1.0% 2.8% 0.7% 53.4% 34 478 Georgia Aug-00 39.2% 5.7% 0.9% 3.5% 1.3% 49.3% 33 479 Arkansas Jan-02 34.6% 4.4% 0.6% 2.3% 1.4% 56.7% 35 480 Arizona Mar-99 66.9% 0.5% 1.3% 3.6% 0.8% 26.8% 31 484 Pennsylvania Jun-99 29.0% 0.8% 0.9% 0.9% 0.2% 68.2% 46 501 Arkansas Jan-47 37.5% 5.3% 0.2% 2.0% 2.0% 53.0% 37 502 Kentucky Jan-47 49.4% 3.0% 0.5% 3.5% 1.7% 41.9% 34 503 Oregon Jan-47 54.0% 0.4% 0.7% 2.6% 1.6% 40.7% 47 504 Louisiana Jan-47 45.7% 3.7% 0.7% 6.5% 1.0% 42.4% 30 505 New Mexico Jan-47 45.9% 0.4% 0.4% 2.1% 0.9% 50.4% 46 507 Minnesota Jan-54 22.0% 0.1% 2.9% 2.0% 0.3% 72.8% 72 508 Massachusetts Jul-88 53.0% 0.7% 3.0% 2.2% 0.8% 40.3% 38 509 Washington Jan-57 37.4% 5.4% 1.2% 2.2% 1.3% 52.5% 44 510 California Sep-91 42.9% 5.3% 0.5% 2.2% 1.5% 47.6% 39 512 Texas Jan-47 50.9% 2.6% 0.8% 3.3% 2.3% 40.1% 39 513 Ohio Jan-47 54.0% 0.4% 1.0% 2.8% 1.2% 40.5% 31 18 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2005 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 515 Iowa Jan-47 51.1% 0.6% 0.7% 1.6% 0.9% 45.1% 46 516 New York Jan-51 48.6% 1.4% 2.0% 2.0% 0.7% 45.3% 37 517 Michigan Jan-47 42.7% 0.8% 1.7% 1.5% 1.5% 51.8% 45 518 New York Jan-47 44.4% 0.9% 0.7% 1.7% 0.7% 51.5% 46 520 Arizona Mar-95 52.3% 1.6% 0.8% 2.4% 0.7% 42.2% 37 530 California Nov-97 32.8% 8.3% 0.9% 1.3% 1.1% 55.6% 44 540 Virginia Jul-95 50.1% 0.3% 2.3% 2.5% 1.0% 43.9% 43 541 Oregon Nov-95 38.4% 0.4% 1.4% 2.0% 1.0% 56.9% 55 551 New Jersey Dec-01 52.6% 3.0% 0.3% 3.4% 1.2% 39.3% 6 559 California Nov-98 36.4% 6.5% 0.6% 1.9% 1.5% 53.0% 34 561 Florida May-96 53.9% 4.0% 1.1% 4.1% 1.2% 35.7% 38 562 California Jan-97 43.3% 2.6% 0.5% 2.5% 2.1% 48.9% 44 563 Iowa Mar-01 31.4% 0.7% 0.3% 2.2% 0.5% 64.9% 48 567 Ohio Jan-02 9.4% 0.7% 1.1% 0.1% 0.2% 88.5% 21 570 Pennsylvania Dec-98 40.6% 1.1% 2.5% 3.2% 0.5% 52.1% 42 571 Virginia Mar-00 56.1% 0.4% 0.4% 2.2% 0.4% 40.5% 29 573 Missouri Jan-96 28.3% 0.7% 3.3% 1.6% 0.5% 65.6% 43 574 Indiana Jan-02 40.0% 0.8% 0.9% 1.6% 1.0% 55.7% 33 580 Oklahoma Nov-97 14.9% 2.0% 0.3% 1.0% 1.3% 80.5% 49 585 New York Nov-01 55.3% 1.0% 4.6% 1.0% 0.3% 37.7% 27 586 Michigan Sep-01 38.9% 1.3% 3.8% 1.7% 0.3% 53.9% 31 601 Mississippi Jan-47 29.1% 1.6% 0.7% 2.2% 2.9% 63.5% 43 602 Arizona Jan-47 60.2% 1.6% 0.7% 2.8% 0.9% 33.9% 32 603 New Hampshire Jan-47 45.5% 0.2% 1.0% 1.3% 0.5% 51.4% 38 605 South Dakota Jan-47 21.9% 0.5% 0.4% 1.0% 0.5% 75.8% 69 606 Kentucky Jan-55 25.2% 1.7% 1.4% 1.5% 1.5% 68.7% 36 607 New York Jan-54 39.0% 1.1% 0.7% 1.1% 0.4% 57.8% 26 608 Wisconsin Jan-55 38.9% 1.0% 2.1% 1.4% 1.8% 54.8% 53 609 New Jersey Jan-57 51.6% 0.7% 1.1% 1.9% 0.5% 44.2% 37 610 Pennsylvania Jan-94 54.9% 0.4% 2.4% 2.2% 0.5% 39.6% 46 612 Minnesota Jan-47 58.8% 1.1% 3.0% 2.6% 1.2% 33.2% 37 614 Ohio Jan-47 49.6% 1.3% 2.2% 2.2% 1.6% 43.2% 35 615 Tennessee Jan-54 50.2% 2.6% 0.6% 2.6% 1.2% 42.8% 35 616 Michigan Jan-47 45.8% 0.8% 2.4% 2.1% 2.0% 46.9% 33 617 Massachusetts Jan-47 55.7% 0.6% 3.6% 3.0% 0.8% 36.2% 37 618 Illinois Jan-47 31.5% 0.5% 2.5% 1.8% 1.6% 62.1% 47 619 California Jan-82 49.4% 4.4% 0.6% 2.5% 1.7% 41.4% 38 620 Kansas Feb-01 15.9% 4.5% 0.6% 1.0% 0.3% 77.7% 56 623 Arizona Mar-99 61.4% 0.7% 0.8% 3.6% 1.1% 32.3% 28 626 California Jun-97 45.3% 3.7% 0.6% 2.2% 1.3% 46.9% 49 630 Illinois Aug-96 44.5% 2.1% 1.7% 2.1% 0.7% 49.0% 34 631 New York Nov-99 43.8% 2.4% 2.5% 2.4% 0.4% 48.5% 35 636 Missouri May-99 34.8% 0.6% 1.2% 1.6% 0.6% 61.1% 27 641 Iowa Jul-00 18.0% 0.2% 1.0% 1.5% 0.4% 78.9% 61 646 New York Jul-99 61.3% 4.5% 1.0% 4.6% 0.6% 28.1% 36 650 California Aug-97 40.0% 5.8% 0.8% 1.7% 1.1% 50.6% 39 651 Minnesota Jul-98 59.5% 1.3% 2.2% 3.0% 0.7% 33.2% 42 660 Missouri Oct-97 13.0% 1.1% 2.3% 1.1% 0.7% 81.9% 48 661 California Feb-99 38.0% 8.3% 0.7% 1.9% 1.3% 49.9% 44 662 Mississippi Apr-99 22.8% 1.6% 1.0% 1.8% 0.9% 71.8% 49 670 Northern Marianas Jul-97 21.5% 7.2% 0.9% 3.2% 1.6% 65.6% 4 671 Guam Jul-97 30.2% 0.0% 13.6% 1.1% 0.7% 54.3% 6 678 Georgia Jan-98 41.3% 2.8% 1.3% 3.0% 1.2% 50.4% 53 682 Texas Oct-00 31.1% 4.1% 0.6% 2.7% 1.8% 59.6% 16 701 North Dakota Jan-47 18.8% 0.8% 0.3% 0.8% 0.5% 78.7% 63 702 Nevada Jan-47 62.7% 4.3% 0.9% 3.8% 0.8% 27.5% 36 703 Virginia Jan-47 66.0% 0.3% 1.6% 2.3% 0.5% 29.3% 38 704 North Carolina Jan-47 48.3% 2.9% 0.5% 3.4% 1.4% 43.5% 42 706 Georgia May-92 41.7% 4.7% 0.6% 2.5% 1.4% 49.0% 66 707 California Jan-59 37.2% 6.2% 0.7% 1.7% 1.2% 53.1% 45 19 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2005 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 708 Illinois Nov-89 38.8% 1.4% 2.8% 2.1% 0.7% 54.2% 34 712 Iowa Jan-47 18.9% 0.7% 2.8% 0.9% 0.3% 76.5% 97 713 Texas Jan-47 53.5% 2.7% 1.1% 3.4% 1.1% 38.3% 34 714 California Jan-51 49.4% 3.9% 0.9% 2.3% 1.7% 41.9% 49 715 Wisconsin Jan-47 25.6% 0.7% 0.7% 1.2% 1.1% 70.7% 75 716 New York Jan-47 50.1% 0.6% 1.4% 2.0% 0.7% 45.1% 27 717 Pennsylvania Jan-47 52.5% 0.5% 1.1% 2.0% 0.7% 43.3% 37 718 New York Sep-84 62.7% 2.1% 3.2% 3.8% 0.8% 27.3% 33 719 Colorado Mar-88 47.8% 0.7% 0.7% 3.2% 0.8% 46.8% 46 720 Colorado Jun-98 52.2% 0.5% 0.9% 3.2% 0.9% 42.2% 24 724 Pennsylvania Feb-98 32.3% 1.1% 0.6% 2.2% 0.4% 63.5% 47 727 Florida Jul-98 54.3% 0.7% 0.9% 2.9% 4.0% 37.2% 39 731 Tennessee Feb-01 26.3% 1.1% 0.1% 1.4% 0.6% 70.4% 33 732 New Jersey Jun-97 48.1% 1.5% 2.7% 2.2% 0.6% 44.9% 35 734 Michigan Dec-97 44.8% 1.5% 1.3% 1.8% 0.6% 49.9% 38 740 Ohio Dec-97 32.5% 0.7% 0.7% 1.4% 1.1% 63.6% 51 754 Florida Aug-01 75.3% 5.4% 0.0% 7.3% 1.5% 10.5% 3 757 Virginia Jul-96 57.6% 0.1% 1.4% 2.8% 0.6% 37.5% 27 760 California Mar-97 45.3% 6.2% 0.9% 2.0% 1.7% 44.0% 51 763 Minnesota Feb-00 52.6% 0.8% 0.7% 2.4% 0.6% 43.0% 40 765 Indiana Feb-97 29.4% 1.3% 0.8% 1.4% 0.9% 66.0% 53 770 Georgia Aug-95 54.6% 4.6% 0.5% 3.1% 1.7% 35.5% 41 772 Florida Feb-02 48.6% 2.3% 2.3% 2.7% 0.9% 43.2% 32 773 Illinois Oct-96 48.7% 1.3% 1.0% 4.0% 0.7% 44.3% 37 774 Massachusetts May-01 25.1% 0.5% 2.8% 1.0% 0.4% 70.2% 30 775 Nevada Dec-98 52.6% 3.4% 0.4% 1.3% 1.1% 41.1% 36 781 Massachusetts Sep-97 40.3% 1.5% 1.9% 1.8% 0.4% 54.0% 36 785 Kansas Jul-97 20.2% 4.6% 0.5% 1.1% 0.9% 72.7% 52 786 Florida Mar-98 51.6% 2.6% 0.9% 5.2% 0.9% 38.9% 38 787 Puerto Rico Mar-96 57.1% 0.0% 0.4% 3.6% 1.1% 37.8% 11 801 Utah Jan-47 60.5% 0.3% 1.2% 2.6% 0.9% 34.6% 27 802 Vermont Jan-47 44.8% 0.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 51.8% 23 803 South Carolina Jan-47 46.2% 3.8% 0.4% 2.6% 1.7% 45.3% 48 804 Virginia Jun-73 54.0% 0.2% 2.2% 2.4% 0.7% 40.5% 32 805 California Jan-57 41.9% 4.7% 0.9% 1.8% 1.9% 48.8% 44 806 Texas Jan-57 23.8% 5.4% 0.3% 1.6% 1.7% 67.3% 46 808 Hawaii Jan-57 55.3% 0.3% 0.6% 1.8% 1.9% 40.1% 15 810 Michigan Dec-93 36.1% 1.8% 1.6% 1.9% 2.8% 55.9% 33 812 Indiana Jan-47 35.1% 1.0% 1.0% 2.3% 1.9% 58.7% 50 813 Florida Jan-53 55.3% 0.6% 0.9% 2.9% 3.6% 36.7% 41 814 Pennsylvania Jan-47 38.5% 0.7% 0.6% 1.1% 0.6% 58.6% 38 815 Illinois Jan-47 38.6% 1.7% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 55.4% 62 816 Missouri Jan-47 43.0% 2.5% 0.8% 2.5% 1.2% 50.0% 40 817 Texas Jan-53 44.1% 2.3% 0.9% 2.7% 2.4% 47.7% 42 818 California Jan-84 48.5% 5.0% 0.7% 2.4% 1.5% 41.9% 49 828 North Carolina Mar-98 41.5% 1.1% 0.3% 2.3% 1.1% 53.6% 35 830 Texas Jul-97 20.9% 0.9% 0.4% 1.6% 0.9% 75.5% 41 831 California Jul-98 35.0% 10.1% 0.7% 1.6% 1.9% 50.7% 37 832 Texas Jan-99 51.3% 2.8% 0.8% 3.9% 0.9% 40.3% 33 843 South Carolina Mar-98 43.7% 1.7% 0.5% 2.5% 1.9% 49.7% 40 845 New York Jun-00 44.4% 1.9% 1.4% 1.8% 0.6% 49.9% 45 847 Illinois Jan-96 51.7% 1.8% 1.5% 2.1% 0.7% 42.2% 35 848 New Jersey Dec-01 48.8% 4.2% 0.1% 4.1% 0.1% 42.7% 11 850 Florida Jun-97 41.4% 1.7% 1.0% 3.6% 1.1% 51.2% 47 856 New Jersey Jun-99 39.1% 0.5% 1.2% 1.7% 0.5% 57.0% 36 857 Massachusetts May-01 22.4% 2.4% 0.6% 1.7% 0.7% 72.2% 23 858 California Jun-99 48.3% 3.6% 0.7% 2.1% 1.9% 43.4% 32 859 Kentucky Apr-00 40.6% 1.4% 0.7% 1.9% 0.5% 54.9% 45 860 Connecticut Aug-95 42.4% 2.1% 0.5% 1.5% 1.0% 52.4% 30 20 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2005 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 862 New Jersey Dec-01 38.1% 1.5% 0.7% 3.2% 0.3% 56.1% 19 863 Florida Sep-99 38.1% 1.2% 1.5% 2.0% 2.2% 55.0% 41 864 South Carolina Dec-95 44.7% 2.1% 0.8% 2.6% 1.1% 48.7% 32 865 Tennessee Nov-99 49.1% 2.8% 0.9% 2.4% 1.0% 43.8% 27 870 Arkansas Apr-97 20.3% 4.2% 0.3% 1.5% 0.7% 72.8% 46 901 Tennessee Jan-47 54.4% 2.7% 0.8% 3.6% 0.8% 37.8% 28 903 Texas Nov-90 32.6% 4.1% 0.5% 1.9% 2.3% 58.6% 60 904 Florida Jul-65 52.8% 4.0% 0.6% 3.7% 1.4% 37.5% 38 906 Michigan Jan-61 19.6% 0.5% 0.3% 1.0% 1.6% 77.0% 22 907 Alaska Jan-57 24.0% 0.6% 0.7% 1.0% 0.4% 73.4% 36 908 New Jersey Nov-90 41.0% 1.0% 1.7% 2.2% 0.9% 53.3% 35 909 California Nov-92 49.0% 4.2% 1.1% 2.5% 1.4% 41.7% 45 910 North Carolina Nov-93 38.7% 1.1% 0.7% 3.1% 0.6% 55.7% 36 912 Georgia Jan-54 38.6% 3.2% 1.5% 2.9% 1.5% 52.2% 45 913 Kansas Jan-47 45.2% 1.9% 0.7% 2.5% 1.7% 48.1% 39 914 New York Jan-47 44.3% 2.1% 1.9% 1.4% 0.7% 49.7% 39 915 Texas Jan-47 47.1% 4.2% 0.3% 3.3% 5.7% 39.4% 28 916 California Jan-47 51.9% 3.8% 0.6% 2.4% 1.5% 39.8% 41 917 New York Jan-92 49.7% 0.5% 0.3% 2.0% 0.3% 47.1% 26 918 Oklahoma Jan-53 33.6% 3.0% 0.4% 1.8% 1.3% 59.9% 61 919 North Carolina Jan-54 48.5% 2.8% 0.6% 2.3% 1.6% 44.1% 38 920 Wisconsin Jul-97 34.1% 0.6% 1.5% 1.3% 1.3% 61.3% 56 925 California Mar-98 38.3% 5.9% 0.7% 1.6% 1.6% 51.9% 37 928 Arizona Jun-01 36.5% 6.0% 0.8% 1.2% 0.4% 55.2% 47 931 Tennessee Sep-97 30.9% 1.1% 0.4% 1.7% 0.6% 65.4% 39 936 Texas Feb-00 29.2% 4.0% 0.3% 1.4% 0.8% 64.4% 33 937 Ohio Sep-96 38.2% 1.1% 1.2% 1.8% 0.9% 56.9% 41 939 Puerto Rico Sep-01 56.0% 0.1% 1.6% 6.1% 0.9% 35.2% 5 940 Texas May-97 26.6% 2.9% 0.2% 1.6% 5.1% 63.5% 51 941 Florida May-95 48.3% 1.0% 1.1% 2.6% 2.2% 44.7% 40 947 Michigan Sep-02 67.5% 12.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 19.7% 1 949 California Apr-98 50.5% 4.0% 1.1% 2.1% 1.5% 40.8% 43 951 California Jul-04 58.4% 4.1% 0.9% 2.6% 1.3% 32.7% 39 952 Minnesota Feb-00 52.0% 1.3% 0.5% 2.4% 0.4% 43.3% 36 954 Florida Sep-95 49.8% 4.9% 0.9% 4.2% 1.0% 39.2% 43 956 Texas Jul-97 42.5% 2.9% 0.3% 2.8% 2.9% 48.7% 29 970 Colorado Apr-95 40.5% 0.3% 1.2% 2.1% 0.9% 55.1% 47 971 Oregon Oct-00 38.0% 1.7% 0.7% 1.9% 0.4% 57.3% 23 972 Texas Sep-96 49.3% 1.3% 0.6% 2.9% 2.5% 43.4% 42 973 New Jersey Jun-97 51.1% 0.8% 2.4% 2.8% 0.3% 42.6% 40 978 Massachusetts Sep-97 40.1% 1.1% 2.3% 1.5% 0.4% 54.6% 40 979 Texas Feb-00 24.8% 4.0% 0.8% 1.7% 2.0% 66.7% 39 980 North Carolina Apr-01 47.5% 5.1% 0.1% 3.9% 0.7% 42.7% 15 985 Louisiana Feb-01 34.8% 1.2% 1.3% 3.0% 1.0% 58.7% 34 989 Michigan Apr-01 32.9% 0.8% 1.3% 1.4% 1.2% 62.4% 42 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of April 18, 2006. 21 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 201 2,266 112 2,022 26 1,311 43 408 7 202 2,860 76 827 21 889 53 185 7 203 2,339 97 2,800 22 1,349 51 328 7 205 1,691 129 1,613 20 1,133 79 553 13 206 1,989 86 1,121 22 1,132 44 259 7 207 1,463 52 1,569 27 767 48 590 8 208 1,656 68 2,229 36 870 38 933 20 209 1,273 61 1,913 24 963 47 591 12 210 1,778 109 1,261 19 1,288 57 74 7 212 5,605 230 1,257 25 59 6 1 4 213 1,156 70 1,076 32 538 32 456 7 214 2,077 151 1,829 30 1,719 76 255 7 215 3,282 132 1,992 26 1,215 54 290 7 216 1,333 74 1,307 18 771 38 566 9 217 1,069 44 2,633 28 738 31 669 12 218 647 27 2,981 54 393 22 572 9 219 733 29 980 18 515 24 362 11 224 141 5 334 14 180 14 290 8 225 888 61 859 18 594 56 362 11 228 408 59 814 14 316 32 348 13 229 629 31 1,356 18 413 40 677 12 231 803 29 1,634 20 363 21 701 9 234 8 0 51 6 1 0 80 3 239 913 57 654 12 654 28 444 9 240 790 28 1,552 27 871 38 332 12 248 1,924 112 2,449 22 1,181 34 343 7 251 742 40 990 21 441 41 277 11 252 1,062 84 1,973 15 616 34 847 13 253 1,208 77 1,233 23 689 31 131 7 254 655 57 1,618 25 538 28 586 12 256 1,312 104 1,871 22 1,013 91 1,113 14 260 630 26 997 17 408 12 580 8 262 1,122 47 2,104 22 550 18 341 8 267 842 44 2,726 28 847 57 303 7 269 820 33 982 22 473 23 572 12 270 1,194 95 3,274 27 688 59 946 13 276 373 36 765 17 189 11 356 12 281 2,309 180 2,857 26 1,119 46 87 7 301 3,304 123 1,878 25 1,138 31 208 10 302 1,546 43 1,292 20 653 33 154 7 303 3,772 194 1,818 20 1,257 30 82 8 304 1,392 47 2,340 20 908 57 730 17 305 2,783 253 1,097 25 1,116 63 292 9 307 533 25 1,393 23 356 16 1,060 14 308 308 21 1,844 36 218 8 605 7 309 1,333 41 2,308 36 604 19 406 11 310 3,045 145 2,058 34 1,779 82 401 7 312 2,378 108 1,418 24 599 30 844 8 313 1,455 92 1,433 19 1,133 100 754 7 314 1,931 125 1,528 17 1,306 57 354 8 315 1,274 42 2,266 24 848 41 385 8 316 565 27 1,062 12 424 19 126 10 317 1,895 112 2,180 27 1,176 34 298 9 318 1,083 92 1,996 22 755 57 1,109 10 319 833 40 1,633 48 465 19 404 7 22 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 320 526 33 1,892 40 290 31 369 11 321 877 45 977 26 744 35 189 8 323 1,665 105 2,664 33 1,297 82 279 7 325 388 24 1,029 19 234 10 215 12 330 1,777 87 2,514 24 1,211 39 911 12 334 980 82 1,595 28 535 49 842 11 336 1,894 111 2,081 33 1,106 66 714 12 337 935 63 1,580 23 658 49 981 10 339 25 1 211 11 67 1 162 4 340 0 0 0 0 76 9 44 3 347 241 20 660 26 1,297 98 483 7 351 0 0 0 0 1 0 9 1 352 1,140 85 1,194 15 847 50 636 10 360 2,099 117 2,365 39 1,036 43 609 8 361 584 38 1,078 19 484 30 1,020 12 386 694 41 834 22 515 30 326 10 401 1,912 59 1,566 14 754 33 224 7 402 1,683 75 3,374 37 919 42 839 10 404 2,100 112 934 27 1,790 162 389 9 405 1,295 76 1,988 23 781 38 514 13 406 861 39 3,273 32 542 27 989 6 407 1,967 172 1,695 28 1,189 65 256 8 408 2,415 134 1,746 25 1,225 50 485 8 409 555 47 1,100 18 436 27 312 11 410 3,658 156 1,611 24 1,119 37 153 8 412 1,661 99 2,376 20 1,005 33 359 7 413 1,706 36 1,864 22 495 22 175 9 414 1,215 57 985 13 757 43 303 8 415 2,158 115 2,356 28 1,014 46 381 8 417 829 46 1,959 29 579 34 775 12 419 1,485 91 2,698 38 999 32 937 12 423 1,262 72 1,790 25 906 50 740 15 424 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 425 1,647 107 1,544 22 710 31 169 7 430 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 1 432 299 24 973 16 266 12 182 7 434 691 54 904 13 390 26 413 9 435 580 27 1,509 27 332 12 786 15 440 1,362 85 2,135 23 711 21 452 10 443 1,166 36 2,656 25 1,249 55 458 8 469 416 30 1,169 26 489 35 66 7 478 610 60 699 19 400 32 427 10 479 605 38 1,194 22 488 33 516 6 480 2,000 111 892 18 848 43 222 8 484 1,101 29 3,619 35 602 24 261 9 501 1,114 52 1,524 22 655 42 781 10 502 1,289 104 1,134 18 943 57 490 11 503 2,697 150 2,434 38 1,329 44 251 6 504 1,203 217 983 17 840 75 381 8 505 1,932 81 2,228 27 1,195 58 959 15 507 673 27 3,101 58 448 74 598 11 508 2,960 127 2,643 27 1,171 41 254 7 509 1,343 85 2,188 28 803 41 779 13 510 1,830 95 2,070 23 1,179 56 628 8 512 2,066 145 1,724 24 1,123 45 349 11 23 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 513 1,918 77 1,515 20 1,169 83 428 7 515 1,224 42 1,225 33 537 12 279 9 516 1,624 80 1,403 26 1,289 38 565 7 517 1,128 35 1,318 30 602 23 539 11 518 1,432 56 2,186 30 835 34 259 9 520 1,414 56 1,058 23 787 44 503 9 530 1,271 49 2,649 27 744 28 514 13 540 1,463 64 1,201 26 977 56 838 13 541 1,446 80 2,400 37 912 41 973 15 551 0 0 3 2 106 7 76 4 559 1,169 66 2,269 22 924 46 333 8 561 1,710 123 951 24 1,002 57 405 8 562 1,367 80 1,896 29 1,007 57 366 7 563 446 41 1,264 40 296 12 230 7 567 55 0 635 15 27 1 144 6 570 1,391 143 2,045 29 831 30 628 11 571 174 7 305 20 427 17 105 6 573 851 53 2,705 25 636 33 743 14 574 649 27 898 20 421 15 510 9 580 539 43 3,855 28 398 21 1,209 16 585 1,500 11 1,110 17 687 27 243 8 586 769 37 1,004 20 638 20 603 7 601 1,306 90 3,318 23 949 83 1,242 15 602 2,291 95 970 18 1,361 75 597 8 603 2,179 56 2,654 23 882 32 710 10 605 705 39 3,221 61 478 14 873 6 606 741 34 2,222 18 425 34 953 16 607 698 21 1,366 16 436 12 247 8 608 969 39 1,560 37 715 22 666 12 609 1,753 65 1,877 24 1,358 50 389 7 610 3,025 131 2,206 33 1,148 35 223 8 612 1,196 50 827 25 1,165 50 340 8 614 1,976 93 2,056 23 1,084 34 256 8 615 1,866 97 1,972 21 1,105 57 181 10 616 1,000 48 1,100 18 655 27 346 11 617 3,097 191 2,244 26 1,270 44 327 7 618 976 40 2,710 29 741 58 575 14 619 1,585 85 1,352 22 1,400 62 441 7 620 502 38 3,247 37 362 17 972 16 623 759 46 450 16 402 22 122 8 626 1,440 64 1,805 33 1,080 55 275 7 630 2,225 114 2,252 21 1,200 43 1,216 8 631 1,722 114 2,402 25 918 31 282 7 636 826 41 1,594 15 261 9 265 8 641 409 38 2,230 49 260 18 702 11 646 1,063 70 648 29 1,610 130 576 7 650 1,726 76 2,345 24 685 27 306 8 651 1,553 78 1,036 30 611 30 134 8 660 284 26 2,585 31 221 16 610 15 661 1,031 59 1,657 28 821 34 256 8 662 888 61 3,001 32 565 56 1,422 15 670 22 2 111 1 33 6 58 3 671 92 0 230 2 93 7 101 4 678 1,551 117 3,280 36 1,417 96 272 13 682 71 3 280 10 128 14 81 5 24 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 701 610 33 3,285 52 416 12 990 9 702 1,999 142 995 22 1,359 60 173 8 703 3,753 145 1,759 27 1,383 30 119 7 704 2,387 154 2,134 30 1,320 108 655 8 706 1,702 79 1,959 39 1,110 93 987 21 707 1,559 75 2,647 26 881 33 425 12 708 1,471 84 2,139 21 984 45 812 8 712 530 26 2,608 81 277 12 655 15 713 2,915 194 1,879 21 1,197 64 85 7 714 2,210 107 2,046 32 1,683 68 379 7 715 894 31 2,349 55 560 35 1,602 16 716 1,321 54 1,443 16 840 34 313 9 717 1,937 78 1,956 25 1,199 40 313 7 718 4,125 249 2,032 25 773 50 103 7 719 1,281 96 1,241 27 630 29 457 12 720 955 54 972 15 769 52 416 7 724 1,301 118 3,510 33 793 23 494 11 727 1,490 71 965 23 848 39 381 9 731 440 20 1,257 19 313 20 643 11 732 2,570 124 2,542 23 1,121 46 333 8 734 1,452 62 2,220 26 1,020 35 315 8 740 1,119 50 2,405 28 683 27 891 17 754 29 0 1 1 109 13 18 2 757 2,150 87 1,235 13 1,226 77 607 8 760 1,791 85 2,066 32 1,305 53 407 10 763 1,012 45 981 29 311 14 69 8 765 986 46 2,440 36 616 29 1,007 12 770 3,268 199 1,928 26 1,081 47 88 9 772 622 29 459 18 354 18 265 9 773 1,797 137 1,833 23 1,535 133 850 9 774 110 4 715 22 330 13 518 7 775 1,748 35 1,319 20 471 21 347 12 781 2,396 119 3,371 25 603 18 366 7 785 667 42 3,258 35 467 21 817 14 786 481 21 722 26 946 108 282 8 787 1,520 44 1,180 4 1,929 172 1,075 6 801 3,182 135 1,867 16 1,254 52 367 7 802 1,717 26 2,102 14 321 25 235 5 803 1,711 79 1,480 31 976 70 769 14 804 1,748 80 1,215 18 926 41 461 9 805 1,683 72 2,056 29 1,076 46 624 8 806 623 52 2,443 30 506 22 714 12 808 1,723 47 1,264 7 998 42 269 5 810 686 48 1,408 19 641 19 411 9 812 1,274 90 2,353 32 809 44 993 12 813 1,926 93 1,100 26 1,072 58 461 9 814 1,311 40 2,328 22 687 19 596 14 815 1,544 58 3,005 43 1,028 36 547 14 816 1,377 98 2,247 22 973 41 270 12 817 2,047 148 2,921 30 1,251 50 107 7 818 2,210 117 1,910 32 1,474 58 330 7 828 1,151 71 1,502 22 704 33 715 11 830 475 40 1,493 23 279 16 477 13 831 731 36 1,232 23 462 19 230 8 832 591 24 1,121 23 1,405 128 371 7 25 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 843 1,509 82 1,757 28 1,012 63 838 10 845 1,365 60 1,725 30 692 21 398 11 847 3,111 144 2,789 22 1,311 34 547 8 848 1 0 15 6 109 9 82 5 850 1,425 131 2,051 26 1,014 79 691 15 856 1,423 65 2,183 25 539 22 171 7 857 33 2 245 16 111 10 217 7 858 1,272 58 1,210 19 485 17 159 7 859 1,069 41 1,789 25 731 43 522 14 860 1,992 72 3,281 17 1,162 41 323 8 862 15 0 28 12 187 17 270 7 863 803 40 1,100 25 516 24 625 10 864 1,278 88 1,481 23 876 40 519 7 865 839 51 898 16 619 22 178 9 870 693 58 3,082 27 591 40 1,421 16 901 1,322 79 840 15 906 68 255 9 903 1,164 78 2,416 34 830 41 918 17 904 1,620 100 1,190 22 1,083 82 382 9 906 410 10 1,268 16 147 19 919 6 907 807 29 3,119 23 360 19 421 11 908 1,373 95 2,288 23 1,042 34 627 8 909 1,570 85 1,251 28 1,237 55 370 7 910 1,281 119 1,975 23 878 51 952 10 912 795 55 1,040 27 597 49 742 15 913 984 59 1,362 24 574 27 163 10 914 1,449 54 1,587 27 883 22 586 8 915 630 46 557 14 431 27 174 10 916 2,106 96 1,725 25 1,255 59 357 9 917 587 16 273 15 2,866 120 428 7 918 1,280 76 2,878 42 869 40 786 14 919 2,188 111 2,114 25 1,209 51 598 10 920 1,152 46 1,882 35 774 25 902 16 925 1,429 64 2,136 22 724 23 366 8 928 862 25 1,388 28 536 19 690 14 931 661 33 1,670 22 511 30 634 13 936 541 26 978 17 315 16 294 11 937 1,319 58 2,345 26 909 46 652 11 939 0 0 0 0 94 10 59 5 940 482 34 1,519 32 311 14 327 14 941 935 46 788 23 585 23 440 10 947 0 0 0 0 203 0 59 1 949 1,561 73 1,305 28 758 24 195 7 951 1,116 55 847 27 1,089 43 302 7 952 1,285 62 1,125 27 251 10 45 7 954 2,146 180 1,550 28 1,281 78 384 8 956 907 57 937 18 737 52 525 8 970 1,221 70 1,714 29 681 26 821 13 971 100 4 302 16 175 10 115 7 972 3,112 193 2,673 29 634 28 50 7 973 2,965 180 2,564 29 1,141 42 236 7 978 2,196 80 3,405 29 760 30 371 7 979 464 24 1,056 21 322 17 433 10 980 36 0 46 9 80 9 58 6 985 703 65 1,226 18 488 38 626 13 989 1,134 40 1,907 24 538 29 1,061 14 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of April 18, 2006. 26 Table 8 Pooled Thousands-blocks as of December 31, 2005 ILECs and CLECs Cellular/PCS Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks State blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled Alabama 516 9,608 5.37 1,058 5,749 18.40 Alaska 0 0 NM 9 10 90.00 Arizona 749 11,873 6.31 1,343 6,075 22.11 Arkansas 424 5,526 7.67 294 3,861 7.61 California 8,122 103,041 7.88 10,518 38,507 27.31 Colorado 838 12,419 6.75 662 4,989 13.27 Connecticut 857 11,127 7.70 820 3,291 24.92 Delaware 388 2,696 14.39 217 858 25.29 District of Columbia 198 3,944 5.02 387 1,146 33.77 Florida 3,880 41,710 9.30 4,840 21,819 22.18 Georgia 1,277 21,280 6.00 1,642 10,454 15.71 Guam 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Hawaii 70 3,060 2.29 229 1,325 17.28 Idaho 145 2,910 4.98 207 1,590 13.02 Illinois 5,474 35,623 15.37 3,028 16,115 18.79 Indiana 1,397 15,036 9.29 1,068 7,221 14.79 Iowa 330 5,137 6.42 451 3,561 12.66 Kansas 415 8,135 5.10 488 3,524 13.85 Kentucky 536 9,841 5.45 789 4,994 15.80 Louisiana 618 10,568 5.85 1,325 6,067 21.84 Maine 318 2,377 13.38 277 1,338 20.70 Maryland 1,736 16,990 10.22 1,513 5,778 26.19 Massachusetts 3,071 28,235 10.88 1,700 7,470 22.76 Michigan 2,825 25,412 11.12 2,639 13,649 19.33 Minnesota 942 13,407 7.03 720 5,697 12.64 Mississippi 420 6,664 6.30 325 3,799 8.55 Missouri 1,289 15,808 8.15 1,119 6,944 16.11 Montana 135 1,870 7.22 33 1,064 3.10 Nebraska 117 3,022 3.87 181 1,978 9.15 Nevada 276 6,069 4.55 763 2,380 32.06 New Hampshire 647 4,506 14.36 275 1,630 16.87 New Jersey 3,237 27,231 11.89 2,298 9,932 23.14 New Mexico 123 2,884 4.26 364 1,872 19.44 New York 5,549 45,860 12.10 6,641 19,832 33.49 North Carolina 1,502 20,361 7.38 1,502 10,723 14.01 North Dakota 15 769 1.95 29 480 6.04 Northern Marianas 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Ohio 2,237 28,526 7.84 1,450 13,269 10.93 Oklahoma 446 9,719 4.59 698 4,026 17.34 Oregon 483 7,930 6.09 791 3,644 21.71 Pennsylvania 4,439 36,166 12.27 3,052 11,997 25.44 Puerto Rico 59 1,307 4.51 473 2,580 18.33 Rhode Island 274 3,294 8.32 236 1,022 23.09 South Carolina 655 8,548 7.66 634 4,903 12.93 South Dakota 20 1,004 1.99 46 759 6.06 Tennessee 1,282 13,851 9.26 1,028 6,943 14.81 Texas 4,007 63,890 6.27 5,962 22,799 26.15 Utah 921 6,480 14.21 319 2,563 12.45 Vermont 176 2,772 6.35 165 572 28.85 Virgin Islands 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Virginia 1,651 17,071 9.67 1,945 8,745 22.24 Washington 1,002 17,564 5.70 1,294 6,666 19.41 West Virginia 298 2,643 11.28 227 1,524 14.90 Wisconsin 917 10,599 8.65 434 5,929 7.32 Wyoming 60 1,033 5.81 12 702 1.71 Totals 67,363 767,396 8.8% 68,520 334,365 20.5% Source: Pooling data provided by NeuStar. 1 Includes only those thousands-blocks in rate centers with pooling. NM - Not meaningful. 27 Table 9 Increased Utilization and Telephone Numbers Saved due to Thousands-Block Pooling as of December 31, 2005 Numbers Numbers Needed Utilization had Increased Utilization Numbers Assigned Total Percent had Whole NXXs Whole NXXs of Thousands-blocks Saved Due Carrier Type OCNs to End-users 1 Numbers 1 Utilized Been Issued Been Issued due to Pooling to Pooling ILEC 87 2,806,305 3,771,000 74.4% 7,640,000 36.7% 37.7% 3,869,000 Cellular/PCS 572 36,043,613 51,840,000 69.5% 100,790,000 35.8% 33.8% 48,950,000 CLEC 911 15,299,546 40,697,000 37.6% 217,640,000 7.0% 30.6% 176,943,000 Total 1,570 54,149,464 96,308,000 56.2% 326,070,000 16.6% 39.6% 229,762,000 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in pooled blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of April 18, 2006. NeuStar also provided data on Thousands-block pooling. Table 10 Number Utilization for Specialized Nongeographic Area Codes as of December 31, 2005 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Specialized Area Codes (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs 1,633 535 7 1,270 23 2,702 6,170 514 26.5% 8.7% 0.1% 20.6% 0.4% 43.8% 100.0% 336 2 0 0 0 252 590 58 57.0% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 42.6% 100.0% 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of April 18, 2006. 500 900 28 Figure 1 ILECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 29 Figure 2 Cellular/PCS Carriers: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 30 Figure 3 CLECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 31 Figure 4 Paging Carriers: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 32 Table 11 Alternate Sources of NPA-NXX Assignments NPA-NXXs that Appear in NRUF NANPA LERG NXXs All Three Databases NRUF, NANPA and LERG 999128,960 Two of the Three Databases NRUF and NANPA 99388 NANPA and LERG 994,345 NRUF and LERG 190 Only One Database NRUF 9 361 NANPA 9 800 LERG 9 80 Total NXXs in Database. 129,899 134,493 133,575 Sources: NANPA's NPA-NXX; assignments database as of July 1, 2006; the LERG, as of July 1, 2006; NRUF December 31, 2005 database (NRUF forms filed as of April 18, 2006). 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Table 12 Utilization over Time Carrier Type ILEC Cellular/PCS CLEC Paging Overall December 2000 52.1% 46.2% 9.8% 26.3% 40.1% June 2001 52.1% 45.3% 10.9% 24.8% 39.6% December 2001 52.5% 47.2% 11.4% 20.2% 39.7% June 2002 52.2% 47.5% 10.4% 17.6% 39.2% December 2002 52.2% 47.8% 10.6% 17.0% 39.2% June 2003 53.2% 49.0% 10.7% 14.3% 39.9% December 2003 52.6% 50.6% 10.6% 13.0% 39.5% June 2004 54.5% 53.9% 14.8% 10.9% 42.3% December 2004 53.5% 54.6% 16.4% 10.3% 42.2% June 2005 52.8% 56.9% 18.1% 9.9% 43.0% December 2005 52.4% 59.1% 19.7% 8.6% 43.4% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports filed with NeuStar, Inc. 33 Table 13 NPA-NXX Assignments, Returns and Net Assignments NPA-NXXs NPA-NXXs Net Quarter Assigned Returned Assignments 1998 Q3 1,554 0 1,554 1998 Q4 2,375 0 2,375 1999 Q1 3,019 0 3,019 1999 Q2 4,693 95 4,598 1999 Q3 4,202 164 4,038 1999 Q4 3,993 545 3,448 2000 Q1 4,552 775 3,777 FCC Issued First NRO Order 1 2000 Q2 4,126 923 3,203 2000 Q3 3,497 818 2,679 2000 Q4 3,235 1,146 2,089 FCC Issued Second NRO Order 1 2001 Q1 3,095 1,725 1,370 2001 Q2 3,136 1,320 1,816 2001 Q3 2,112 1,611 501 2001 Q4 2,055 1,402 653 FCC Issued Third NRO Order 1 2002 Q1 1,731 1,199 532 2002 Q2 2,392 1,260 1,132 2002 Q3 1,954 587 1,367 2002 Q4 1,101 558 543 2003 Q1 897 533 364 2003 Q2 1,007 431 576 FCC Issued Fourth NRO Order 1 2003 Q3 802 580 222 2003 Q4 539 244 295 2004 Q1 888 182 706 2004 Q2 728 323 405 2004 Q3 748 160 588 2004 Q4 761 319 442 2005 Q1 1,113 249 864 2005 Q2 778 330 448 2005 Q3 716 246 470 2005 Q4 705 203 502 2006 Q1 1,165 194 971 2006 Q2 944 175 769 1 See text footnote 2 for full citation. Source: NPA-NXX data from NeuStar, Inc. NPA-NXX Assigments, Returns, and Net Assignments 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 1998 Q 3 1998 Q 4 1999 Q 1 1999 Q 2 1999 Q 3 1999 Q 4 2000 Q 1 2000 Q 2 2000 Q 3 2000 Q 4 2001 Q 1 2001 Q 2 2001 Q 3 2001 Q 4 2002 Q 1 2002 Q 2 2002 Q 3 2002 Q 4 2003 Q 1 2003 Q 2 2003 Q 3 2003 Q 4 2004 Q 1 2004 Q 2 2004 Q 3 2004 Q 4 2005 Q 1 2005 Q 2 2005 Q 3 2005 Q 4 2006 Q 1 2006 Q 2 Assignments Returns Net Assignments 34 Table 14 Telephone Number Porting Activity Since Wireless Porting Started 1 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless Wireless Month Wireline Wireless Wireless2 to Wireline Total (thousands) (thousands) 2003 November 3 561 2 61 1 625 December 638 12 756 1 1,407 2004 January 809 24 713 1 1,547 February 711 65 591 2 1,369 March 776 79 632 1 1,488 April 718 49 613 1 1,381 May 756 73 689 1 1,519 June 789 165 873 2 1,829 July 656 143 806 3 1,608 August 4 786 95 824 * 1,705 September 701 43 787 1 1,532 October 899 97 738 1 1,735 November 736 131 736 2 1,605 December 692 86 910 1 1,689 2005 January 698 53 808 2 1,561 February 936 81 735 1 1,753 March 1,257 74 815 2 2,148 April 959 55 797 1 1,812 May 892 56 862 1 1,811 June 1,064 38 1,153 2 2,257 July 1,006 62 982 2 2,052 August 1,203 42 933 2 2,179 September 1,114 31 835 2 1,982 October 991 37 866 2 1,896 November 1,023 29 826 2 1,880 December 1,079 22 1,031 2 2,135 2006 January 1,242 37 879 4 2,162 February 1,347 22 807 3 2,178 March 1,422 19 876 2 2,319 April 1,095 19 747 2 1,863 May 1,213 46 813 2 2,073 June 1,010 30 862 2 1,904 Cumulative Total 29,779 1,817 25,356 54 57,004 * Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Monthly figures include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 3 Wireless porting started November 24, 2003. These figures include all ports during the month of November, which for ports from or to a wireless carrier, includes a small number of test ports that happened prior to November 24. 4 Due to a data problem, does not include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger in October 2004. 35 Table 15 Telephone Numbers Remaining in the Porting Database at the End of Each Quarter 1 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Total Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless Wireline (In Thousands) (In Thousands) 1999 Second 1,840 * * * 1,840 Third 2,658 * * * 2,658 Fourth 3,854 * * * 3,854 2000 First 5,029 * * * 5,029 Second 5,781 * * * 5,781 Third 7,595 * * * 7,595 Fourth 9,146 * * * 9,146 2001 First 10,567 * * * 10,567 Second 12,310 * * * 12,310 Third 14,610 * * * 14,610 Fourth 15,519 * * * 15,519 2002 First 16,810 * * * 16,810 Second 18,210 * * * 18,210 Third 19,862 * * * 19,862 Fourth 21,449 * * * 21,449 2003 First 22,781 * * * 22,781 Second 23,723 * * * 23,723 Third 24,796 * * * 24,796 Fourth 25,869 16 795 2 26,682 2004 First 28,462 173 2,686 3 31,324 Second 28,371 406 4,635 4 33,417 Third 29,396 667 6,874 9 36,945 Fourth 30,607 832 9,041 11 41,491 2005 First 32,399 1,001 10,860 16 44,276 Second 34,169 1,092 12,956 19 48,236 Third 36,013 1,201 14,804 23 52,041 Fourth 37,608 1,246 16,101 29 54,983 2006 First 40,194 1,272 17,577 34 59,077 Second 42,130 1,333 19,032 42 62,538 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small, but unknown, number of those ports were test ports; the rest appear to be artifacts of divining the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 1 Numbers ported because customer changed carriers. The database contains the date when the telephone number record was last updated. For most telephone numbers, this was the most recent port. For those telephone numbers affected by area code changes, however, the date refers to when the record was updated to reflect the new area code. See the text for a fuller discussion. 36 Table 16 Numbers in the Porting Database by Quarter in Which They Were Most Recently Ported 1 June 30, 2006 2 Ported During Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless Wireline (In Thousands) (In Thousands) 1998 First 0 3 *** Second 3 * * * Third 40 * * * Fourth 134 * * * 1999 First 225 * * * Second 348 * * * Third 390 * * * Fourth 495 * * * 2000 First 538 * * * Second 586 * * * Third 729 * * * Fourth 845 * * * 2001 First 830 * * * Second 1,006 * * * Third 1,059 * * * Fourth 1,229 * * * 2002 First 1,089 * * * Second 1,211 * * * Third 1,629 * * * Fourth 1,623 * * * 2003 First 1,205 * * * Second 1,271 * * * Third 1,317 * * * Fourth 1,255 10 505 1 2004 First 1,732 124 1,180 1 Second 1,689 123 1,422 2 Third 1,789 202 1,747 6 Fourth 1,723 224 1,831 3 2005 First 2,170 168 1,699 2 Second 2,350 114 1,858 2 Third 2,683 118 2,143 3 Fourth 2,494 80 2,219 9 2006 First 3,473 69 2,197 4 Second 2,985 94 2,230 3 1 Numbers ported because customer changed carriers. 3 Number is between 0 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 2 The local number portability database was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. As such, it retains only the most recent porting activity for any given number. So if a consumer ports a number from Carrier A to Carrier B, and later the consumer then ports the number from Carrier B to Carrier C, the database will not reflect the original port from Carrier A to Carrier B. Also, numbers that revert back to the original carrier (either because the customer ports the number back to the original carrier or because the customer discontinues service with that number) are dropped from the database. Lastly, area code splits can make a number appear to be ported later than it actually was. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small, but unknown, number of those ports were test ports; the rest appear to be artifacts of divining the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 37 Table 17 Ports Between Carrier Types, June 30, 2006 (in thousands) Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless State to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Total Alabama 297 54 197 0 1 548 Alaska * * 23 * 156 Arizona 1,049 10 439 2 1,500 Arkansas 167 29 72 0 1 267 California 7,260 37 2,793 4 10,094 Colorado 872 16 379 1 1,268 Connecticut 480 15 201 0 1 696 Delaware 276 1 45 * 321 District of Columbia 335 3 80 1 420 Florida 1,861 106 1,394 2 3,363 Georgia 1,084 139 600 4 1,827 Guam 0 0 0 0 0 Hawaii 161 * 103 * 266 Idaho 122 7 78 0 1 207 Illinois 2,039 38 923 1 3,001 Indiana 412 47 271 0 1 731 Iowa 225 16 125 0 1 367 Kansas 357 45 128 0 1 530 Kentucky 244 51 183 0 1 479 Louisiana 410 10 218 0 1 639 Maine 153 17 58 0 1 228 Maryland 693 5 377 0 1 1,075 Massachusetts 1,797 22 472 1 2,291 Michigan 1,289 19 613 1 1,922 Minnesota 1,053 16 367 0 1 1,436 Mississippi 87 56 92 0 1 234 Missouri 552 41 306 0 1 900 Montana 35 12 29 1 76 Nebraska 208 9 74 0 1 291 Nevada 262 5 165 1 432 New Hampshire 250 8 69 0 1 328 New Jersey 1,091 8 602 1 1,703 New Mexico 91 9 78 0 1 178 New York 3,760 36 1,425 3 5,223 North Carolina 836 75 453 1 1,366 North Dakota 40 1 23 0 1 65 Ohio 1,043 29 682 2 1,756 Oklahoma 314 44 228 2 588 Oregon 483 18 233 0 1 735 Pennsylvania 2,127 13 734 1 2,874 Puerto Rico * * 205 * 222 Rhode Island 220 4 73 0 1 298 South Carolina 314 14 187 0 1 515 South Dakota 78 3 26 0 1 106 Tennessee 668 24 352 0 1 1,044 Texas 2,911 134 1,339 6 4,390 Utah 668 11 202 0 1 881 Vermont 76 5 14 0 1 95 Virgin Islands 0 0 0 0 0 Virginia 1,224 14 541 1 1,780 Washington 1,235 21 441 1 1,698 West Virginia 118 * 46 * 169 Wisconsin 658 13 263 1 934 Wyoming 11 * 11 * 25 Total 42,130 1,333 19,032 42 62,538 * Indicates that the number has been withheld to protect carrier confidentiality. ** Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 38 Table 18 Number of Carriers Porting or Receiving Ports as of June 30, 2006 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Ports Wireless Ports Wireless Ports Wireline Ports Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers State Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Alabama 30 25 26 14 17 15 11 14 Alaska 3 2 3 4 4 4 4 3 Arizona 29 25 21 12 13 11 8 12 Arkansas 17 15 11 10 11 10 6 5 California 53 49 38 14 19 15 12 30 Colorado 32 30 20 12 16 13 11 14 Connecticut 30 25 15 6 7 7 7 9 Delaware 20 22 7 6 6 6 5 3 District of Columbia 29 27 6 6 6 6 6 14 Florida 76 67 41 11 13 12 9 22 Georgia 66 60 37 14 15 14 12 24 Guam 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 Hawaii 8 6 6 6 7 7 7 3 Idaho 21 17 14 12 19 15 11 6 Illinois 48 46 31 13 13 13 10 22 Indiana 35 43 30 10 10 12 9 17 Iowa 35 36 14 16 15 14 13 9 Kansas 28 26 27 14 15 14 10 11 Kentucky 37 41 16 16 18 18 11 9 Louisiana 37 30 17 9 14 11 9 12 Maine 15 16 12 8 8 8 7 8 Maryland 49 43 16 9 9 9 8 12 Massachusetts 43 36 24 7 7 7 6 17 Michigan 49 48 32 11 16 13 11 21 Minnesota 59 56 57 12 15 12 13 26 Mississippi 28 31 12 13 14 13 7 4 Missouri 39 33 20 12 14 13 8 15 Montana 13 13 8 6 10 6 6 6 Nebraska 16 16 10 11 13 12 10 4 Nevada 24 22 14 9 11 10 7 15 New Hampshire 25 20 10 8 9 8 8 9 New Jersey 41 34 22 6 6 6 6 13 New Mexico 17 13 7 10 13 12 9 4 New York 71 68 45 10 13 11 9 31 North Carolina 41 45 30 13 14 14 11 23 North Dakota 14 13 24 7 8 9 5 4 Ohio 47 46 38 14 17 15 13 18 Oklahoma 23 23 21 12 16 14 11 11 Oregon 32 34 31 13 13 12 11 16 Pennsylvania 60 49 37 11 14 13 10 19 Puerto Rico 1 2 1 7 8 9 6 2 Rhode Island 18 16 10 6 6 6 6 9 South Carolina 34 34 33 10 13 12 8 18 South Dakota 17 15 7 5 6 5 5 4 Tennessee 45 38 30 14 17 16 15 17 Texas 93 81 65 24 33 31 17 36 Utah 20 18 16 10 13 10 10 8 Vermont 9 9 6 5 6 5 4 4 Virgin Islands 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 Virginia 54 48 27 13 13 14 11 20 Washington 42 41 33 11 14 12 11 15 West Virginia 18 16 5 12 15 15 6 3 Wisconsin 41 39 33 12 15 12 11 19 Wyoming 9 8 8 7 11 9 7 3 Unduplicated Total 614 652 537 100 144 128 80 299 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 39 Table 19 Percentage of Numbers Ported, as of December 31, 2005 Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless Total Total Wireline Assigned Percent Wireless Assigned Percent Total Assigned Percent Ports Numbers Ported Ports Numbers* Ported Ports Numbers* Ported State (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) Alabama 335 4,725 7.1 163 3,122 5.2 498 7,847 6.4 Alaska 131 807 16.3 19 360 5.2 150 1,166 12.8 Arizona 962 7,326 13.1 369 3,934 9.4 1,331 11,260 11.8 Arkansas 179 2,411 7.4 60 1,734 3.4 239 4,146 5.8 California 5,756 42,371 13.6 2,437 27,087 9.0 8,193 69,458 11.8 Colorado 873 7,229 12.1 322 3,337 9.7 1,195 10,566 11.3 Connecticut 445 4,332 10.3 171 2,510 6.8 616 6,842 9.0 Delaware 266 1,546 17.2 38 653 5.8 303 2,198 13.8 District of Columbia 326 2,860 11.4 68 889 7.7 394 3,749 10.5 Florida 1,739 21,563 8.1 1,158 13,876 8.3 2,897 35,438 8.2 Georgia 1,124 10,654 10.6 517 6,808 7.6 1,641 17,463 9.4 Guam 0 92 0.0 0 93 0.0 0 184 0.0 Hawaii 147 1,723 8.5 86 998 8.6 233 2,721 8.6 Idaho 126 1,656 7.6 62 870 7.2 188 2,526 7.5 Illinois 1,928 16,045 12.0 778 8,920 8.7 2,705 24,965 10.8 Indiana 409 6,167 6.6 223 3,945 5.6 631 10,112 6.2 Iowa 226 3,443 6.6 101 1,835 5.5 327 5,278 6.2 Kansas 358 2,718 13.2 103 1,828 5.7 461 4,546 10.2 Kentucky 267 4,293 6.2 157 2,788 5.6 425 7,081 6.0 Louisiana 410 4,811 8.5 182 3,334 5.5 592 8,145 7.3 Maine 151 1,463 10.3 48 767 6.3 199 2,231 8.9 Maryland 623 8,918 7.0 318 4,377 7.3 941 13,295 7.1 Massachusetts 1,553 12,523 12.4 400 4,808 8.3 1,953 17,330 11.3 Michigan 1,210 11,581 10.5 490 7,591 6.5 1,701 19,172 8.9 Minnesota 1,029 6,892 14.9 309 3,469 8.9 1,338 10,361 12.9 Mississippi 134 2,602 5.2 76 1,830 4.1 210 4,433 4.7 Missouri 557 6,100 9.1 253 3,975 6.4 810 10,076 8.0 Montana 38 861 4.4 24 542 4.4 61 1,402 4.4 Nebraska 201 1,991 10.1 62 1,137 5.5 264 3,127 8.4 Nevada 224 3,747 6.0 138 1,831 7.6 362 5,578 6.5 New Hampshire 242 2,179 11.1 56 882 6.3 297 3,062 9.7 New Jersey 968 12,367 7.8 516 6,914 7.5 1,484 19,281 7.7 New Mexico 89 1,932 4.6 64 1,195 5.4 153 3,127 4.9 New York 3,447 24,007 14.4 1,217 14,033 8.7 4,664 38,040 12.3 North Carolina 816 10,000 8.2 385 5,912 6.5 1,202 15,912 7.6 North Dakota 40 610 6.5 19 416 4.5 59 1,026 5.7 Northern Marianas 0 22 0.0 0 33 0.0 0 56 0.0 Ohio 916 12,352 7.4 576 7,566 7.6 1,492 19,918 7.5 Oklahoma 333 3,114 10.7 212 2,048 10.3 545 5,161 10.6 Oregon 480 4,243 11.3 195 2,416 8.1 675 6,659 10.1 Pennsylvania 2,007 15,852 12.7 621 8,325 7.5 2,627 24,176 10.9 Puerto Rico 13 1,520 0.8 173 2,023 8.6 186 3,543 5.3 Rhode Island 218 1,912 11.4 62 754 8.2 280 2,666 10.5 South Carolina 290 4,498 6.5 153 2,863 5.3 443 7,361 6.0 South Dakota 74 705 10.5 21 478 4.4 95 1,183 8.0 Tennessee 654 6,390 10.2 295 4,359 6.8 948 10,749 8.8 Texas 2,743 25,147 10.9 1,150 16,044 7.2 3,893 41,191 9.5 Utah 658 3,763 17.5 168 1,586 10.6 826 5,349 15.4 Vermont 77 1,717 4.5 11 321 3.3 87 2,037 4.3 Virgin Islands 0 DNR NA 0 76 0.0 0 76 0.0 Virginia 1,147 10,353 11.1 461 5,518 8.4 1,608 15,871 10.1 Washington 1,184 8,287 14.3 386 4,369 8.8 1,570 12,656 12.4 West Virginia 113 1,392 8.1 37 908 4.1 150 2,301 6.5 Wisconsin 611 5,352 11.4 212 3,357 6.3 823 8,709 9.4 Wyoming 6 533 1.2 9 356 2.5 15 889 1.7 Total 38,854 361,698 10.7 16,130 211,995 7.6 54,983 573,693 9.6 NA: Not applicable; DNR: Did not report. * Paging Carriers are not required to port numbers. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.) and Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of April 18, 2006. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 40 Table 20 Telephone Numbers Assigned for Toll-Free Service (800, 888, 877, 866) Spare 800 Working Miscellaneous Total Numbers 800 800 800 Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 1 Numbers Available 1993 December 3,155,955 731,438 3,887,393 3,822,607 1994 December 4,948,605 763,235 5,711,840 1,998,160 1995 December 6,700,576 286,487 6,987,063 722,937 1996 December 9,527,982 945,671 10,473,653 5,216,347 1997 December 12,980,714 996,449 13,977,163 1,712,837 1998 December 16,200,883 965,466 17,166,349 6,503,651 1999 December 19,677,001 1,101,964 20,778,965 2,891,035 2000 December 23,022,015 1,178,096 24,200,111 7,449,889 2001 December 23,453,029 1,027,973 24,481,002 7,168,998 2002 December 22,496,215 1,051,232 23,547,447 8,102,553 2003 December 21,108,662 941,520 22,050,182 9,599,818 2004 December 22,159,440 1,145,661 23,305,101 8,344,899 2005 December 22,474,643 957,835 23,432,478 8,217,522 2006 June 22,292,943 1,113,803 23,406,746 8,243,254 Note: For individual month assignments through June 2003, see Industry Analysis and Technology Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Trends in Telephone Service (August 2003). * Toll-free (800) service was initially offered by AT&T in 1967. On May 1, 1993, procedures for routing toll- free calls were changed and 800 numbers were made "portable" so customers who switched service providers could retain their numbers. Due to the growth in toll-free numbers, a new toll-free calling code, 888, was add in March 1996, which made it possible to assign about 8 million new toll-free numbers. A third toll-free calli code, 877, was added in April 1998; and a fourth toll-free code, 866, was added in July 2000. 1 Miscellaneous numbers include those in the 800, 888, 877, and 866 service management systems maintained by Database Service Management, Inc., and categorized as reserved, assigned but not yet activated, recently disconnected, or suspended. 41 Table 21 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 800 Toll-Free Service Spare 800 Working Miscellaneous Total Numbers 800 800 800 Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 1 Numbers Available 1993 June 2,589,123 722,006 3,311,129 4,398,871 September 2,818,262 639,547 3,457,809 4,252,191 December 3,155,955 731,438 3,887,393 3,822,607 1994 March 3,516,620 743,813 4,260,433 3,449,567 June 3,933,037 792,698 4,725,735 2,984,265 September 4,506,014 841,381 5,347,395 2,362,605 December 4,948,605 763,235 5,711,840 1,998,160 1995 March 5,528,723 793,771 6,322,494 1,387,506 June 6,340,534 481,633 6,822,167 887,833 September 6,503,018 437,215 6,940,233 769,767 December 6,700,576 286,487 6,987,063 722,937 1996 March 6,907,098 293,244 7,200,342 509,658 June 6,986,821 324,899 7,311,720 398,280 September 7,119,167 310,562 7,429,729 280,271 December 7,272,819 343,905 7,616,724 93,276 1997 March 7,402,769 305,362 7,708,131 1,869 June 7,415,591 293,802 7,709,393 607 September 7,427,717 280,668 7,708,385 1,615 December 7,429,160 267,429 7,696,589 13,411 1998 March 7,455,240 249,964 7,705,204 4,796 June 7,480,468 227,041 7,707,509 2,491 September 7,489,271 219,080 7,708,351 1,649 December 7,487,529 215,267 7,702,796 7,204 1999 March 7,498,527 204,515 7,703,042 6,958 June 7,502,118 207,061 7,709,179 821 September 7,523,302 185,363 7,708,665 1,335 December 7,505,737 202,416 7,708,153 1,847 2000 March 7,516,391 193,246 7,709,637 363 June 7,570,082 139,444 7,709,526 474 September 7,572,091 137,705 7,709,796 204 December 7,566,810 132,887 7,699,697 10,303 2001 March 7,434,621 264,967 7,699,588 10,412 June 7,357,279 242,106 7,599,385 110,615 September 7,383,111 164,881 7,547,992 162,008 December 7,370,055 184,689 7,554,744 155,256 2002 March 7,181,636 400,955 7,582,591 127,409 June 7,234,847 282,005 7,516,852 193,148 September 7,200,821 177,723 7,378,544 331,456 December 7,210,159 203,268 7,413,427 296,573 2003 March 7,182,120 224,536 7,406,656 303,344 June 7,171,068 234,576 7,405,644 304,356 September 7,031,806 222,846 7,254,652 455,348 December 7,089,752 260,807 7,350,559 359,441 2004 March 7,187,381 234,719 7,422,100 287,900 June 7,181,216 187,107 7,368,323 341,677 September 7,262,915 197,252 7,460,167 249,833 December 7,332,085 208,368 7,540,453 169,547 2005 March 7,267,936 234,679 7,502,615 207,385 June 7,163,402 425,206 7,588,608 121,392 September 7,160,678 495,326 7,656,004 53,996 December 7,317,165 277,052 7,594,217 115,783 2006 March 7,416,046 197,083 7,613,129 96,871 June 7,330,416 317,525 7,647,941 62,059 See Table 20 notes. 42 Table 22 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 888 Toll-Free Service Spare 800 Working Miscellaneous Total Numbers 800 800 800 Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 1 Numbers Available 1996 March 267,874 568,574 836,448 7,143,552 June 922,849 544,079 1,466,928 6,513,072 September 1,641,519 590,345 2,231,864 5,748,136 December 2,255,163 601,766 2,856,929 5,123,071 1997 March 2,857,608 661,164 3,518,772 4,461,228 June 3,660,984 681,981 4,342,965 3,637,035 September 4,776,688 774,431 5,551,119 2,428,881 December 5,551,554 729,020 6,280,574 1,699,426 1998 March 6,167,479 728,415 6,895,894 1,084,106 June 6,591,764 665,496 7,257,260 722,740 September 6,898,718 612,254 7,510,972 469,028 December 7,146,159 515,009 7,661,168 318,832 1999 March 7,278,531 495,904 7,774,435 205,565 June 7,428,424 231,697 7,660,121 319,879 September 7,601,867 211,318 7,813,185 166,815 December 7,643,158 324,405 7,967,563 12,437 2000 March 7,685,423 230,035 7,915,458 64,542 June 7,789,986 140,658 7,930,644 49,356 September 7,806,252 173,588 7,979,840 160 December 7,789,188 177,328 7,966,516 13,484 2001 March 7,616,189 355,451 7,971,640 8,360 June 7,548,761 270,198 7,818,959 161,041 September 7,508,100 203,518 7,711,618 268,382 December 7,452,071 190,727 7,642,798 337,202 2002 March 6,964,624 577,910 7,542,534 437,466 June 6,629,862 354,771 6,984,633 995,367 September 6,682,043 92,050 6,774,093 1,205,907 December 6,610,191 154,015 6,764,206 1,215,794 2003 March 6,408,723 324,558 6,733,281 1,246,719 June 6,228,846 251,701 6,480,547 1,499,453 September 5,818,266 216,862 6,035,128 1,944,872 December 5,711,949 250,662 5,962,611 2,017,389 2004 March 5,680,105 133,824 5,813,929 2,166,071 June 5,640,743 128,141 5,768,884 2,211,116 September 5,716,957 210,068 5,927,025 2,052,975 December 5,563,469 384,320 5,947,789 2,032,211 2005 March 5,465,594 159,097 5,624,691 2,355,309 June 5,306,927 296,729 5,603,656 2,376,344 September 5,314,969 221,122 5,536,091 2,443,909 December 5,265,331 196,817 5,462,148 2,517,852 2006 March 5,049,966 321,175 5,371,141 2,608,859 June 4,930,941 387,726 5,318,667 2,661,333 See Table 20 notes. 43 Table 23 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 877 Toll-Free Service Spare 800 Working Miscellaneous Total Numbers 800 800 800 Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 1 Numbers Available 1998 June 552,037 209,967 762,004 7,217,996 September 1,072,046 206,714 1,278,760 6,701,240 December 1,567,195 235,190 1,802,385 6,177,615 1999 March 2,141,228 329,044 2,470,272 5,509,728 June 2,899,466 410,026 3,309,492 4,670,508 September 3,755,361 436,433 4,191,794 3,788,206 December 4,528,106 575,143 5,103,249 2,876,751 2000 March 5,436,297 598,702 6,034,999 1,945,001 June 6,317,507 402,858 6,720,365 1,259,635 September 6,539,180 496,015 7,035,195 944,805 December 6,391,285 719,333 7,110,618 869,382 2001 March 6,289,079 469,980 6,759,059 1,220,941 June 6,094,898 715,097 6,809,995 1,170,005 September 6,163,297 489,084 6,652,381 1,327,619 December 6,214,863 345,468 6,560,331 1,419,669 2002 March 6,174,529 340,472 6,515,001 1,464,999 June 6,016,107 267,320 6,283,427 1,696,573 September 5,656,158 275,722 5,931,880 2,048,120 December 5,448,276 421,984 5,870,260 2,109,740 2003 March 5,132,413 579,240 5,711,653 2,268,347 June 4,791,792 376,236 5,168,028 2,811,972 September 4,617,147 170,787 4,787,934 3,192,066 December 4,536,366 191,410 4,727,776 3,252,224 2004 March 4,528,716 163,856 4,692,572 3,287,428 June 4,550,870 146,826 4,697,696 3,282,304 September 4,537,840 214,197 4,752,037 3,227,963 December 4,551,486 254,082 4,805,568 3,174,432 2005 March 4,590,227 139,089 4,729,316 3,250,684 June 4,498,452 232,477 4,730,929 3,249,071 September 4,476,657 193,315 4,669,972 3,310,028 December 4,424,365 212,543 4,636,908 3,343,092 2006 March 4,387,383 178,974 4,566,357 3,413,643 June 4,227,661 203,501 4,431,162 3,548,838 See Table 20 notes. 44 Table 24 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 866 Toll-Free Service Spare 800 Working Miscellaneous Total Numbers 800 800 800 Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 1 Numbers Available 2000 September 672,250 155,646 827,896 7,152,104 December 1,274,732 148,548 1,423,280 6,556,720 2001 March 1,652,602 361,888 2,014,490 5,965,510 June 1,944,520 362,880 2,307,400 5,672,600 September 2,256,792 308,801 2,565,593 5,414,407 December 2,416,040 307,089 2,723,129 5,256,871 2002 March 2,640,414 321,530 2,961,944 5,018,056 June 2,864,605 219,232 3,083,837 4,896,163 September 2,977,379 244,297 3,221,676 4,758,324 December 3,227,589 271,965 3,499,554 4,480,446 2003 March 3,461,686 299,700 3,761,386 4,218,614 June 3,486,674 420,477 3,907,151 4,072,849 September 3,609,244 265,446 3,874,690 4,105,310 December 3,770,595 238,641 4,009,236 3,970,764 2004 March 3,966,922 231,683 4,198,605 3,781,395 June 4,281,378 263,560 4,544,938 3,435,062 September 4,476,150 281,577 4,757,727 3,222,273 December 4,712,400 298,891 5,011,291 2,968,709 2005 March 5,015,324 267,412 5,282,736 2,697,264 June 5,047,314 487,471 5,534,785 2,445,215 September 5,259,730 352,226 5,611,956 2,368,044 December 5,467,782 271,423 5,739,205 2,240,795 2006 March 5,613,475 211,021 5,824,496 2,155,504 June 5,803,925 205,051 6,008,976 1,971,024 See Table 20 notes. 45 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened 205 Alabama Jan-47 229 Georgia Aug-00 651 Minnesota Jul-98 814 Pennsylvania Jan-47 334 Alabama Jan-95 478 Georgia Aug-00 763 Minnesota Feb-00 610 Pennsylvania Jan-94 256 Alabama Mar-98 762 Georgia May-06 952 Minnesota Feb-00 724 Pennsylvania Feb-98 251 Alabama Jun-01 671 Guam Jul-97 601 Mississippi Jan-47 570 Pennsylvania Dec-98 907 Alaska Jan-57 808 Hawaii Jan-57 228 Mississippi Sep-97 484 Pennsylvania Jun-99 684 American Samoa Oct-04 208 Idaho Jan-47 662 Mississippi Apr-99 267 Pennsylvania Jul-99 602 Arizona Jan-47 217 Illinois Jan-47 769 Mississippi Mar-05 878 Pennsylvania Aug-01 520 Arizona Mar-95 312 Illinois Jan-47 314 Missouri Jan-47 787 Puerto Rico Mar-96 480 Arizona Mar-99 618 Illinois Jan-47 816 Missouri Jan-47 939 Puerto Rico Sep-01 623 Arizona Mar-99 815 Illinois Jan-47 417 Missouri Jan-50 401 Rhode Island Jan-47 928 Arizona Jun-01 309 Illinois Jan-57 573 Missouri Jan-96 803 South Carolina Jan-47 501 Arkansas Jan-47 708 Illinois Nov-89 660 Missouri Oct-97 864 South Carolina Dec-95 870 Arkansas Apr-97 847 Illinois Jan-96 636 Missouri May-99 843 South Carolina Mar-98 479 Arkansas Jan-02 630 Illinois Aug-96 406 Montana Jan-47 605 South Dakota Jan-47 213 California Jan-47 773 Illinois Oct-96 402 Nebraska Jan-47 901 Tennessee Jan-47 415 California Jan-47 224 Illinois Jan-02 308 Nebraska Jan-55 615 Tennessee Jan-54 916 California Jan-47 779 Illinois Mar-07 702 Nevada Jan-47 423 Tennessee Sep-95 714 California Jan-51 219 Indiana Jan-47 775 Nevada Dec-98 931 Tennessee Sep-97 805 California Jan-57 317 Indiana Jan-47 603 New Hampshire Jan-47 865 Tennessee Nov-99 209 California Jan-58 812 Indiana Jan-47 201 New Jersey Jan-47 731 Tennessee Feb-01 408 California Jan-59 765 Indiana Feb-97 609 New Jersey Jan-57 214 Texas Jan-47 707 California Jan-59 260 Indiana Jan-02 908 New Jersey Nov-90 512 Texas Jan-47 619 California Jan-82 574 Indiana Jan-02 732 New Jersey Jun-97 713 Texas Jan-47 818 California Jan-84 319 Iowa Jan-47 973 New Jersey Jun-97 915 Texas Jan-47 510 California Sep-91 515 Iowa Jan-47 856 New Jersey Jun-99 817 Texas Jan-53 310 California Nov-91 712 Iowa Jan-47 551 New Jersey Dec-01 806 Texas Jan-57 909 California Nov-92 641 Iowa Jul-00 848 New Jersey Dec-01 409 Texas Nov-82 562 California Jan-97 563 Iowa Mar-01 862 New Jersey Dec-01 903 Texas Nov-90 760 California Mar-97 316 Kansas Jan-47 505 New Mexico Jan-47 210 Texas Nov-92 626 California Jun-97 913 Kansas Jan-47 212 New York Jan-47 972 Texas Sep-96 650 California Aug-97 785 Kansas Jul-97 315 New York Jan-47 281 Texas Nov-96 530 California Nov-97 620 Kansas Feb-01 518 New York Jan-47 254 Texas May-97 925 California Mar-98 502 Kentucky Jan-47 716 New York Jan-47 940 Texas May-97 949 California Apr-98 606 Kentucky Jan-55 914 New York Jan-47 830 Texas Jul-97 323 California Jun-98 270 Kentucky Apr-99 516 New York Jan-51 956 Texas Jul-97 831 California Jul-98 859 Kentucky Apr-00 607 New York Jan-54 832 Texas Jan-99 559 California Nov-98 504 Louisiana Jan-47 718 New York Sep-84 361 Texas Feb-99 661 California Feb-99 318 Louisiana Jan-57 917 New York Jan-92 469 Texas Jul-99 858 California Jun-99 225 Louisiana Aug-98 646 New York Jul-99 936 Texas Feb-00 951 California Jul-04 337 Louisiana Oct-99 347 New York Oct-99 979 Texas Feb-00 424 California Aug-06 985 Louisiana Feb-01 631 New York Nov-99 682 Texas Oct-00 303 Colorado Jan-47 207 Maine Jan-47 845 New York Jun-00 430 Texas Feb-03 719 Colorado Mar-88 301 Maryland Jan-47 585 New York Nov-01 325 Texas Apr-03 970 Colorado Apr-95 410 Maryland Oct-91 704 North Carolina Jan-47 432 Texas Apr-03 720 Colorado Jun-98 240 Maryland Jun-97 919 North Carolina Jan-54 801 Utah Jan-47 203 Connecticut Jan-47 443 Maryland Jun-97 910 North Carolina Nov-93 435 Utah Sep-97 860 Connecticut Aug-95 413 Massachusetts Jan-47 336 North Carolina Dec-97 802 Vermont Jan-47 302 Delaware Jan-47 617 Massachusetts Jan-47 252 North Carolina Mar-98 340 Virgin Islands Jun-97 202 District of Columbia Jan-47 508 Massachusetts Jul-88 828 North Carolina Mar-98 703 Virginia Jan-47 305 Florida Jan-47 781 Massachusetts Sep-97 980 North Carolina Apr-01 804 Virginia Jun-73 813 Florida Jan-53 978 Massachusetts Sep-97 701 North Dakota Jan-47 540 Virginia Jul-95 904 Florida Jul-65 339 Massachusetts May-01 670 Northern Marianas Is Jul-97 757 Virginia Jul-96 407 Florida Apr-88 351 Massachusetts May-01 216 Ohio Jan-47 571 Virginia Mar-00 941 Florida May-95 774 Massachusetts May-01 419 Ohio Jan-47 434 Virginia Jun-01 954 Florida Sep-95 857 Massachusetts May-01 513 Ohio Jan-47 276 Virginia Sep-01 352 Florida Dec-95 313 Michigan Jan-47 614 Ohio Jan-47 206 Washington Jan-47 561 Florida May-96 517 Michigan Jan-47 330 Ohio Mar-96 509 Washington Jan-57 850 Florida Jun-97 616 Michigan Jan-47 937 Ohio Sep-96 360 Washington Jan-95 786 Florida Mar-98 906 Michigan Jan-61 440 Ohio Aug-97 253 Washington Apr-97 727 Florida Jul-98 810 Michigan Dec-93 740 Ohio Dec-97 425 Washington Apr-97 863 Florida Sep-99 248 Michigan May-97 234 Ohio Oct-00 304 West Virginia Jan-47 321 Florida Nov-99 734 Michigan Dec-97 567 Ohio Jan-02 414 Wisconsin Jan-47 386 Florida Feb-01 231 Michigan Jun-99 405 Oklahoma Jan-47 715 Wisconsin Jan-47 754 Florida Aug-01 989 Michigan Apr-01 918 Oklahoma Jan-53 608 Wisconsin Jan-55 772 Florida Feb-02 586 Michigan Sep-01 580 Oklahoma Nov-97 920 Wisconsin Jul-97 239 Florida Mar-02 269 Michigan Jul-02 503 Oregon Jan-47 262 Wisconsin Sep-99 404 Georgia Jan-47 947 Michigan Sep-02 541 Oregon Nov-95 307 Wyoming Jan-47 912 Georgia Jan-54 218 Minnesota Jan-47 971 Oregon Oct-00 706 Georgia May-92 612 Minnesota Jan-47 215 Pennsylvania Jan-47 770 Georgia Aug-95 507 Minnesota Jan-54 412 Pennsylvania Jan-47 678 Georgia Jan-98 320 Minnesota Mar-96 717 Pennsylvania Jan-47 Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator. Table 25 Area Codes by State (1947 - 2006) 46 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2006) Previous Added Location Date Code Code Texas (Houston) Jan-99 713 832 California Feb-99 805 661 Texas Feb-99 512 361 Arizona Mar-99 602 480 Arizona Mar-99 602 623 Kentucky Apr-99 502 270 Mississippi Apr-99 601 662 Alberta May-99 403 780 Missouri May-99 314 636 Michigan Jun-99 616 231 Pennsylvania Jun-99 610 484 California Jun-99 619 858 New Jersey Jun-99 609 856 New York (Manhattan) Jul-99 212 646 Pennsylvania Jul-99 215 267 Texas (Dallas) Jul-99 214 469 Florida Sep-99 941 863 Wisconsin Sep-99 414 262 New York Oct-99 718 347 Louisiana Oct-99 318 337 Florida Nov-99 407 321 New York Nov-99 516 631 Tennessee Nov-99 423 865 Texas Feb-00 409 936 Texas Feb-00 409 979 Minnesota Feb-00 612 763 Minnesota Feb-00 612 952 Virginia Mar-00 703 571 Kentucky Apr-00 606 859 New York Jun-00 914 845 Iowa Jul-00 515 641 Georgia Aug-00 912 229 Georgia Aug-00 912 478 Oregon Oct-00 503 971 Texas Oct-00 817 682 Ohio Oct-00 330 234 Kansas Feb-01 316 620 Louisiana Feb-01 504 985 Tennessee Feb-01 901 731 Florida Feb-01 904 386 Ontario Mar-01 416 647 Iowa Mar-01 319 563 North Carolina Apr-01 704 980 Michigan Apr-01 517 989 Massachusetts May-01 508 774 47 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2006) Previous Added Location Date Code Code Massachusetts May-01 617 857 Massachusetts May-01 781 339 Massachusetts May-01 978 351 Virginia Jun-01 804 434 Ontario Jun-01 905 289 Alabama Jun-01 334 251 Arizona Jun-01 520 928 Florida Aug-01 954 754 Pennsylvania Aug-01 412 878 Virginia Sep-01 540 276 Puerto Rico Sep-01 787 939 Michigan Sep-01 810 586 British Columbia Nov-01 604 778 New York Nov-01 716 585 New Jersey Dec-01 201 551 New Jersey Dec-01 732 848 New Jersey Dec-01 973 862 Ohio Jan-02 419 567 Illinois Jan-02 847 224 Indiana Jan-02 219 260 Indiana Jan-02 219 574 Arkansas Jan-02 501 479 Florida Feb-02 561 772 Florida Mar-02 941 239 Michigan Jul-02 616 269 Michigan Sep-02 248 947 Texas Feb-03 903 430 Texas Apr-03 915 325 Texas Apr-03 915 432 California Jul-04 909 951 Mississippi Mar-05 601 769 Dominican Republic Aug-05 809 829 Georgia May-06 706 762 California Aug-06 310 424 Ontario Oct-06 519 226 Quebec Nov-06 514 438 Note: For years 1984 - 1998, see Industry Analysis Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Trends in Telephone Service (August 2003). Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA), which can be accessed at www.nanpa.com. 48 Table 27 Number of Digits Necessary to Dial Local and Toll Calls in the US (As of June 2006) Local Calls Toll Calls Toll Calls Within Same Between Within Same Between Require State Area Code Area Codes Area Code Area Codes Dialing 1 + Alabama 7 1 10 2 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Alaska 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arizona 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arkansas 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes California 7 3 1 + 10 7 3 1 + 10 No Colorado 7 4 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Connecticut 7 5 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Delaware 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes District of Columbia 7 10 NA 1 + 10 Yes Florida 7 6 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Georgia 7 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Hawaii 7 NA 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Idaho 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Illinois 7 8 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Indiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Iowa 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kansas 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kentucky 7 10 9 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Louisiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Maine 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No Maryland 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Massachusetts 10 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Michigan 7 11 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Minnesota 7 10 12 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Mississippi 7 13 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Missouri 7 14 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Montana 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nebraska 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nevada 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New Hampshire 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No New Jersey 10 15 1 + 10 10 15 1 + 10 No New Mexico 7 NA 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New York 7 16 1 + 10 7 16 1 + 10 No North Carolina 7 17 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes North Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Ohio 7 18 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oklahoma 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oregon 10 19 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Pennsylvania 10 20 1 + 10 21 10 20 1 + 10 No Rhode Island 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No South Carolina 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes South Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Tennessee 7 10 22 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Texas 7 23 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Utah 7 10 24 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Vermont 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Virginia 7 25 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Washington 7 26 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes West Virginia 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wisconsin 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wyoming 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes NA - Not Applicable. Source: NPA database. The database is available at www.nanpa.com/area_codes/index.html. 49 Notes to Table 27 1 In area code 659, 10-digit dialing is used. 2 In area code 659, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 3 In area codes 424 and 310, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 4 In area codes 303 and 720, 10-digit dialing is used. 5 In area codes 475 and 959, 10-digit dialing is used. 6 In area codes 305, 321, 407, 689, 754, 786, and 954, 10-digit dialing is used. 7 In area codes 404, 470, 678, 762 and 770, 10-digit dialing is used. 8 In area codes 224, 331, 872, 464, 706 and 847, 1+ 10-digit dialing is used. 9 In area codes 270 and 502, 7-digit dialing is used. 10 In area code 413, 7-digit dialing is used. 11 In area codes 248, 679 and 947, 10-digit dialing is used. 12 In area codes 218, 320, and 507, 7-digit dialing is used. 13 In area codes 601 and 769, 10-digit dialing is used. 14 In area codes 557 and 975, 10-digit dialing is used. 15 In area codes 609, 856, and 908, 7-digit dialing is used. 16 In area codes 212, 347, 646, 718, and 917, 1+10 digit dialing is used. 17 In area codes 704, 980 and 984, 10-digit dialing is used. 18 In area codes 234, 283, 330, 380, 419, and 567, 10-digit dialing is used. 19 In area code 541, 7-digit dialing is used. 20 In area codes 570, 717, and 814, 7-digit dialing is used. 21 In some area codes, local calls to some other area codes may be dialed using 10 digits. 22 In area codes 615 and 931, 7-digit dialing is used. 23 In area codes 214, 281, 430, 469, 682, 713, 817, 832, 903, and 972, 10-digit dialing is used. 24 In area code 435, 7-digit dialing is used. 25 In area codes 571 and 703, 10-digit dialing is used. 26 In area code 564, 10-digit dialing is used. 50 Customer Response Publication: Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States as of December 31, 2005. 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Overall, how do you Excellent Good Satisfactory Poor No opinion rate this report? (_) (_) (_) (_) (_) 4. How can this report be improved? 5. May we contact you to discuss possible improvements? Name: Telephone #: To discuss the information in this report, contact: 202-418-0940 or for users of TTY equipment, call 202-418-0484 Fax this response to or Mail this response to 202-418-0520 FCC/WCB/IATD Washington, DC 20554