Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States NRUF data as of June 30, 2006 Porting and Toll-Free data as of December 31, 2006 Craig Stroup and John Vu Industry Analysis and Technology Division Wireline Competition Bureau Federal Communications Commission August 2007 This report is available for reference in the FCC's Reference Information Center, Courtyard Level, 445 12th Street SW, Washington, DC 20554. Several private firms specialize in locating, duplicating, and distributing FCC documents. Documents may be purchased by calling Best Copy and Printing, Inc. at (202) 488-5300 or via their website at www.bcpiweb.com. This and many other useful reports can also be downloaded from the Wireline Competition Bureau Statistical Reports Internet site at www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 2 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States As of June 30, 2006 Executive Summary This is the Federal Communications Commission’s report on numbering resource utilization in the United States. 1 In this report, we summarize an ongoing systematic collection of comprehensive data on the utilization of telephone numbers within the United States. The underlying information was acquired from carriers holding numbering resources and was analyzed as part of our ongoing assessment of the efficacy of numbering resource optimization measures prescribed by the Commission’s Numbering Resource Optimization (NRO) Orders. 2 Findings As of June 30, 2006: • Overall, 43.3% of all telephone numbers were assigned to end users. • The overall utilization rate for Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (ILECs) was 50.2%, down from 52.4% six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Cellular/PCS carriers was 60.4%, up from 59.1% six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (CLECs) was 20.5%, up from 19.7% six months earlier. • Thousands-block pooling has made it unnecessary to distribute about 261 million telephone numbers. 1 The previous edition of this report, with data as of December, 2005, was released in January 2007. 2 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 15 FCC Rcd 7574 (2000) (First NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99- 200, 96-98, Second Report and Order, Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99- 200, and Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 16 FCC Rcd 306 (2000) (Second NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Third Report and Order and Second Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, 17 FCC Rcd 252 (2001) (Third NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Fourth Report and Order in CC Docket No. 99-200 and CC Docket No. 95-116, and Fourth Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 18 FCC Rcd 12472 (2003) (Fourth NRO Order). 3 • In the first half of 2006, carriers returned 3.69 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. • In the second half of 2006, carriers returned 3.25 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. • Utahans port their numbers the most, porting 16.0% of their assigned numbers. Californians are next, with 13.8% of assigned numbers ported. Background The United States uses ten-digit telephone numbers, which are organized in accordance with the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). 3 The NANP divides the country into separate geographic areas called numbering plan areas (NPAs), more commonly called area codes. Calls between these areas are generally dialed using the three-digit area code, followed by a seven-digit local telephone number. When the NANP was established in 1947, only 78 area codes were assigned to carriers in the United States. Only 36 new codes were added through 1989. But the rate of activation increased dramatically. In the 1990s, 109 new area codes were activated in the United States. 4 Because the remaining supply of unassigned area codes is diminishing, and because a premature exhaust of area codes imposes significant costs on consumers, the Commission has taken a number of steps to ensure that the limited numbering resources are used efficiently. Among other things, the Commission requires carriers to submit data on numbering resource utilization and forecasts twice a year. The information is submitted using FCC Form 502, which is known as the Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast (NRUF) form. 5 Carriers controlling numbering resources for the purpose of providing services to their customers are required to file their NRUF forms with the North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA) 6 by February 1 and August 1 of each year. 7 3 The North American Numbering Plan is used in the United States and its territories, and in Canada, Bermuda, and many Caribbean nations, including Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas not in the Caribbean, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The data contained in this report are all limited to the United States and its overseas territories. 4 NeuStar, Inc. publishes a database containing information about each area code on its website: http://www.nanpa.com/npa/allnpas.zip. 5 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order, 15 FCC Rcd 17005, 17006, n. 9 (2000) (July 2000 NRO Order). FCC Form 502 and most other FCC forms can be downloaded from www.fcc.gov/formpage.html. 6 The current NANPA is NeuStar, Inc. 7 First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7603, para. 67. 4 The administrator compiles the information submitted into a database and provides that database to the Commission. 8 The information in this report presents number utilization as of June 30, 2006. It reflects all corrections and submissions that the NANPA received through December 31, 2006. 9 Historically, local telephone companies received geographic numbers in blocks of 10,000. These blocks of 10,000 numbers are often called NXXs, or central office codes, and are identifiable as the first three digits of a seven-digit telephone number. 10 One of the recent efforts to improve the efficiency with which numbers are used is “thousands-block number pooling,” where an NXX is broken into ten sequential blocks of 1,000 numbers. Carriers may then be required to donate unused or underutilized blocks to a pooling administrator, which then assigns those thousands-blocks to other carriers in need of numbers. 11 This effectively allows the assignment of numbers in blocks of 1,000 rather than 10,000. Most carriers are required to report their telephone number usage at the thousands-block level so that the Commission can evaluate the efficacy of telephone number pooling. Carriers that meet the statutory definition of “rural telephone company” 12 and operate in non-pooling areas are required to submit their number usage at the NXX level. In this report, we present utilization data for four types of carriers: 13 • Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (ILECs) • Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (CLECs) • Cellular/PCS Carriers • Paging Carriers 8 The NANPA’s database is continually updated because not all carriers file by the prescribed date, and because carriers sometimes file updated information throughout the year. 9 Not all carriers filed their NRUF forms by the August 1, 2006 deadline. 10 A ten-thousands block is the block of 10,000 telephone numbers that have the same area code and the same NXX. 11 The current pooling administrator is NeuStar, Inc., which is also the NANPA. See Federal Communications Commission's Common Carrier Bureau Selects NeuStar, Inc. as National Thousands-Block Number Pooling Administrator, Press Release (rel. June 18, 2001). 12 47 U.S.C. § 153(37). 13 Carriers classified themselves in a variety of ways on their NRUF forms. With one exception, each carrier type was aggregated into one of these four categories for the purposes of this report. The exception involves carriers calling themselves interexchange carriers. These carriers reported data for area codes 500 and 900, which are summarized in Table 10 of this report. Therefore, there was no need to classify interexchange carriers as one of the four carrier types listed above. Also, carriers may provide multiple types of services, and may be doing so under a single operating company number. Where this occurs, this may cause a problem because carriers must indicate only their primary line of business on FCC Form 502. Thus, for example, there is some potential that some numbers are classified as cellular but are really used for paging. Only small carriers seem to do this, so the effects of this misclassification should be minor. 5 Carriers report on numbering resources in the following six categories: • assigned • intermediate • reserved • aging • administrative • available An assigned number is one that is in use by an end-user customer. Intermediate numbers are those that one carrier has made available for use by another carrier (or to a non-carrier) so that the numbers may then be assigned to an end user. Reserved numbers are those that are being held by the service provider at the request of an end user for future use. Aging numbers are those that are being held out of use by the carrier for a period of time after the end user that last used them discontinues service. Administrative numbers include test numbers and other numbers used for network purposes. Available numbers are numbers that are generally available for assignment to customers. 14 Some carriers receive telephone numbers from other carriers. When this occurs, the carrier that received its numbers from another carrier (as opposed to directly from the NANPA) is required to report utilization data for those numbers, and to mark those numbers as having been received from other carriers. 15 The vast majority of numbering resources reported were part of geographic area codes. That is, the numbers were part of area codes that are associated with specific regions of the United States or another country. For instance, area code 406 is associated with Montana, and area code 506 is associated with New Brunswick, Canada. Carriers are also required to report on utilization of some non-geographic area codes, such as 500 numbers and 900 numbers (which are described later in this report). Carriers use other types of non-geographic numbering resources as well: millions of numbers are used to provide toll-free services using non-geographic area codes such as 800, 888, 877 and 866. These numbering resources are managed separately. 14 For precise definitions of these categories, see 47 C.F.R. § 52.15. 15 This means that sometimes more than one carrier can report utilization data for the same thousands-block (or ten-thousands block). Carriers receiving numbers from another carrier are required to report utilization data for those numbers on a different page (of FCC Form 502) than the page that carriers use to report numbers received directly from the NANPA. Not all carriers that received numbers from other carriers filed on the correct page, however, so within the database it can appear that more than one carrier has reported data for the same block of numbers. Carriers that receive numbers from other carriers are also required to report on any telephone numbers received from the NANPA. 6 Analysis and Results Table 1 shows the total quantity of telephone numbers reported by the carriers and the number of 10,000 blocks (or NXXs) that were reported. Table 1 also shows the quantity of telephone numbers that carriers reported for each of the six categories described above. The percentages for each of the six categories are provided as well. Carriers have reported usage data on nearly 133,000 NXXs. This is up from the 130,000 NXXs from the previous filing (data for December 31, 2005). As the NANPA calculates that about 136,000 NXXs have been assigned to United States carriers, 16 this round of submissions (data for June 30, 2006) appears to have garnered usable information on over 97% of the numbering resources assigned to carriers in the United States. Although the reporting level is high, many carriers still had not provided usable utilization data by December 31, 2006, the cut-off date for inclusion in this report. Carriers filing FCC Forms 502 reported that nearly 599 million telephone numbers were assigned to end users, and that nearly 694 million were available for assignment. Thus, the quantity of numbers available for assignment exceeds the number already assigned to end users. These 694 million available numbers do not include any telephone numbers in NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. As more NXXs are assigned to carriers by the NANPA, and more area codes are opened, more numbers will become available. Intermediate, reserved, aging and administrative categories collectively account for another 92 million telephone numbers of the NXXs assigned to carriers. The quantity of ILEC assigned numbers is down slightly, reflecting the decreasing number of ILEC lines. 17 The quantity of cellular/PCS assigned numbers is up, reflecting that sector’s growth. The quantity of CLEC assigned numbers continues to rise, in part, because of telephone service provided through voice over Internet protocol (VoIP). Table 2 presents utilization statistics for carriers reporting at the thousands-block level (carriers that do not meet the statutory definition of a rural carrier are required to report at the thousands-block level). Table 3 presents statistics for rural carriers, which are required to report only at the 10,000 block level. 18 As might be expected, overall utilization rates are lower in rural areas (15% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users) than in more urban areas (45% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users). Table 4 shows utilization statistics on a state-by-state basis. As might be expected, states that are relatively rural and have low population densities have a lower percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end-user customers than in more urban, populous states. Again, 16 The NANPA lists the codes that have been issued on their web site: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. 17 See Industry Analysis Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Local Telephone Competition: Status as of June, 2006 (Table 1) (2006). 18 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7604-05, para. 71. A small number of rural carriers may operate in areas with pooling. As all carriers in pooling areas are required to report at the thousands-block level, rural carriers in pooling areas, if any, should be included in Table 2 rather than Table 3. 7 carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include any of the NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. Table 5 shows the number of carriers reporting telephone number utilization data for each state. Carriers are required to report their NRUF data at the operating company number (OCN) level. 19 Carriers typically obtain one or more OCNs per state in which they operate. The number of carriers in each state is determined by counting the number of OCNs reported in each state. Table 6 shows utilization statistics on an area code-by-area code basis. The table also shows the total number of OCNs reported in each area code. Again, carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include any of the NXXs in the state that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. Table 7 shows actual quantities of assigned, aging and available numbers for wireline carriers (ILECs and CLECs), and for cellular/PCS carriers (wireless carriers). This information is presented on an area code-by-area code basis. The information in Table 7 is useful for at least two reasons. First, while there is no information on the number of working telephone lines in each area code, Table 7 provides at least some indication of what these numbers are. For several reasons, however, the number of working lines per area code cannot be perfectly divined from this information. Although cellular/PCS carriers typically assign one geographic telephone number to each subscriber, wireline carriers sometimes do not. Some wireline customers want multiple telephone numbers associated with a smaller number of lines. This is common when the customer has a PBX. Other customers, especially those expecting many inbound calls, such as from a help line, want a single telephone number that serves many lines. Thus, the quantity of telephone numbers in an area code provides only a rough guide to the number of lines served in each area code. Second, the information in Table 7 provides the only information available for examining churn. 20 After a customer disconnects from a carrier’s network and chooses not to port the number to another carrier, that carrier will hold that number out of circulation (“age” the number) for up to ninety days if the customer was a residential subscriber, and up to one year if the customer was a business subscriber. Therefore, the quantity of aging numbers gives some indication of the number of customers that have disconnected from the carrier’s network in the previous three months to a year. For several reasons, aging numbers, however, do not give a perfect indication of churn. Aside from not measuring numbers ported to another carrier, not all carriers age their numbers for the full time allowed. In particular, where carriers cannot immediately obtain new numbers from the NANPA or the pooling administrator because of area code rationing, and the carriers have no other available numbers to assign to end users, carriers may assign end users telephone numbers that have not been aged for the full time that the states have prescribed. (Thousands-block pooling alleviates this problem by making more numbering resources available.) Moreover, as 19 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7594, para. 41. Carriers obtain OCNs from the National Exchange Carrier Association. 20 Churn is the rate at which customers change carriers or disconnect service. 8 mentioned in the previous paragraph, wireline carriers do not always issue one telephone number per line. Thus, as with line counts, churn rates can only be roughly estimated from the data in Table 7. Table 8 focuses on telephone number pooling. A thousands-block is potentially poolable when 90% or more of the numbers are classified as available for assignment. Pooling is required in the top 100 MSAs. 21 Pooling also is occurring in other areas where a state commission has exercised delegated authority to require pooling. 22 Carriers also have voluntarily implemented pooling in certain areas. The Commission established an initial roll-out schedule for thousands-block number pooling for wireline carriers, which was completed in December 2003. 23 Table 8 shows the number of thousands-blocks that carriers have received from the Pooling Administrator. Table 8 also shows the total number of thousands-blocks in rate centers where pooling exists, and shows the percentage of those thousands blocks that are pooled. Wireless carriers are listed separately from CLECs and ILECs because wireless carriers started porting on November 24, 2003. Table 9 examines the efficacy of thousands-block pooling. Table 9 shows the utilization of the thousands-blocks that were distributed by the Pooling Administrator, and the utilization rate that would have resulted had whole NXXs been issued. 24 Overall, if whole NXXs had been issued instead of individual thousands-blocks, utilization within those blocks would have been 18.0%. With pooling, however, utilization was 58.5%, more than a three-fold increase. Another way of measuring the benefit of pooling is examining the quantity of telephone numbers saved through pooling. With pooling, 116 million telephone numbers were distributed to carriers in pooling areas. Had there been no pooling, 378 million telephone numbers would have been distributed to the carriers. Thus, about 261 million telephone numbers have been saved through thousands-block pooling. Table 10 shows utilization data for two specialized nongeographic area codes: 500 and 900. Area code 500 is used for “follow me” service, which, among other things, can be used to 21 The composition of MSAs may change over time. If a rate center is part of a top 100 MSA at any time after 1990, then the FCC generally requires number pooling. See Fourth NRO Order, 18 FCC Rcd at 12473, para. 2. 22 The Commission recently granted authority to the West Virginia, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Michigan, and Missouri commissions to expand pooling to areas outside of the top 100 MSAs. The Commission is also seeking comment on whether it should delegate authority to all states to implement mandatory pooling. Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order and Fifth Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 21 FCC Rcd 1833 (2006). 23 See The Common Carrier Bureau Announces The First Quarter Schedule For National Thousands-Block Number Pooling, CC Docket No. 99-200, Public Notice, 17 FCC Rcd 103 (2001). See also Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, Order, 17 FCC Rcd 7347 (2002). 24 Calculating the utilization rate had whole NXXs been issued was a 4-step process: 1) the number of thousands- blocks that a carrier held in a rate center was determined; 2) that number was rounded up to the next ten, which is the number of thousands-blocks the carrier would have received if it had received whole NXXs; 3) the number in step 2 was multiplied by 1,000 to calculate the total quantity of telephone numbers the carrier would have had in the rate center; 4) the number of telephone numbers in that rate center that the carrier assigned to end users was then divided by the quantity of telephone numbers calculated in step 3. 9 route an incoming call to different phone numbers, depending on the time of day. Area code 900 is used for information services where the caller is not charged the normal long distance rates set by the caller’s long distance carrier, but usually is charged much higher prices that are preset by the call’s recipient. Figures 1 through 4 focus on utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands-blocks that the carriers hold within a local geographic area. 25 We have used rate centers as our measure of local geographic area because thousands blocks are assigned to carriers on a rate- center basis. 26 Carriers serving densely populated areas may need more than one thousands block (each thousands block contains one thousand numbers) to provide service. In these densely populated areas, carriers should generally be able to achieve higher utilization rates than carriers serving less densely populated areas, where one thousands block (or in many rural areas, a whole NXX) may be used to serve just a few customers. Figure 1 shows average ILEC utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands- blocks in a rate center held by a carrier. The points in the figures were calculated using a three-step process. First, thousands-blocks were grouped depending on the number of thousands-blocks held by a carrier within a rate center. Second, the number of thousands- blocks held in a rate center was rounded to the nearest ten, to help protect the confidentiality of the data. Third, the average utilization rates were calculated for each of the groups (i.e., from the group of 10 thousands-blocks per rate center through the group of 1,000 thousands- blocks per rate center). 27 For example, for all instances where a carrier reported from 5 to 14 (which round to 10) thousands-blocks in a rate center, the average utilization rate was calculated. A similar average utilization rate was calculated for all instances where, for a carrier in a rate center, the number of thousands-blocks in a rate center was rounded to 20, 30, and so on through 1,000. To preserve carrier confidentiality, some data points have been collapsed into a single data point. For example, if there were only two companies with 350 thousands-blocks in a rate center, and another two companies with 360 thousands-blocks in a rate center, those data points were collapsed. This way, no carrier-specific data are released. Figures 2 through 4 show the same information for Cellular/PCS carriers, CLECs, and paging carriers. Table 11 focuses on NPA-NXX assignment information. There are three different databases that contain sources of NPA-NXX assignment information: NANPA’s NRUF database, NANPA’s NANP Administration System (NAS) database of NPA-NXX assignments, and the Local Exchange Routing Guide (LERG). 28 For a variety of reasons, the databases are not 25 For the purposes of these figures, the utilization rate is defined as the number of telephone numbers assigned to end-user customers divided by 1,000 (the number of telephone numbers in the thousands block). 26 A rate center is a geographic area used to determine distances and prices for local and long distance calls. 27 In order to prevent disclosure of proprietary information, we have grouped some individual data points into clusters so that the specific utilization data for individual carriers cannot be divined by comparing the individual plot points with other data sources. 28 The NANPA’s assignment information can be found online: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. The analysis in Table 11 examines only those codes that NANPA marked “assigned” (i.e., this study does not examine those codes marked “protected”, “reserved”, “unassignable”, or “vacant”). The LERG is published monthly by Telcordia Technologies. 10 identical. Timing is a large factor in the differences. For instance, during an area code split, a carrier will maintain both the old and new NPA-NXXs in its systems during the phase called permissive dialing. 29 After permissive dialing ends, the carrier should remove the old NPA-NXXs from its systems. During permissive dialing, some carriers report utilization data for both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Further, some carriers may not remove the old NPA-NXXs from their systems promptly after permissive dialing ends, and may therefore report utilization data on both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Also, carriers sometimes delay updating the LERG after an NPA-NXX has been removed from their switch or when the carrier has given the NPA-NXX back to the NANPA. Thus, the NRUF database, the LERG and the NANPA assignment database may not be identical. Table 11 shows the number of NPA-NXXs that appear in the three databases. Table 12 shows the percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end users over time. The only clear trend is that the utilization rate for paging continues to drop because the paging market is shrinking. Cellular/PCS and CLEC utilization rates are generally increasing. Table 13 shows, on a quarterly basis, the number of NXX assignments made by the NANPA, the number of NXXs that have been returned to the NANPA, and the number of net NXX assignments to carriers. The table shows that fewer NXXs generally are being issued each quarter, and that carriers continue to return unneeded NPA-NXXs to the NANPA for reassignment. Tables 14 through 16 display information on telephone number porting. All telephone number porting information in this report is derived from the local number portability database, which was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. 30 There are several reasons that the quantity of ported numbers in the database at any given time does not equal the sum of numbers ported in prior months. When consumers who have already ported their telephone numbers do so again, the porting database retains only the most recent porting activity for those numbers. Consumers can also port their numbers back to the original carrier. 31 When this happens, it is counted as a port even though the number drops out of the porting database. 32 Table 14 shows, on a monthly basis, the quantities of telephone numbers that have been ported since wireless porting started on November 24, 2003. The table shows that most porting activity is intramodal, that is between two landline carriers or between two mobile carriers. Table 15 shows the quantity of telephone numbers in the porting database at the end 29 During permissive dialing, a phone number may be called by using either the old or the new NPA. 30 NeuStar, Inc. is the portability administrator. NeuStar operates seven different porting databases. The Commission combines information from these databases into a combined database. 31 When a customer who is using a ported number discontinues service entirely, the ported number also goes back to the original carrier. 32 Area code splits can cause a number that was at one time ported from Carrier A to Carrier B to appear to be reported from Carrier A to Carrier B, as the database record must be updated to reflect the new area code. When this happens, the old porting record also disappears from the database. 11 of each quarter. Table 16 is based on ports in the database as of June 30, 2006, and shows the quarter in which the numbers were ported. Table 17 shows the number of ports in the database on a state-by-state basis, and Table 18 shows the number of carriers involved in porting on a state-by-state basis. Table 19 shows the percentage of assigned numbers that were ported. 33 Tables 20 through 24 show information about toll-free numbers in the North American Numbering Plan. AT&T introduced toll-free service in 1967. The Commission changed procedures for routing toll-free calls on May 1, 1993 to make toll-free numbers "portable." This change enabled customers to switch service providers yet still retain their toll-free numbers. Table 20 shows that, between 1993 and 2000, the quantity of assigned toll-free numbers grew rapidly: growing from 3.9 million in 1993 to 24.2 million in 2000. New toll-free calling codes were opened to meet the demand. In March 1996, calling code 888 was placed into service. The third toll-free calling code (877) went into effect April 4, 1998, and the fourth toll-free calling code (866) went into effect July 29, 2000. As of December 2006, there were 23.5 million toll-free numbers assigned. Tables 21 through 24 show the growth of each individual toll-free code: 800, 888, 877, and 866, respectively. In the event that another toll-free code is needed, the 855 code would be opened. Database Service Management, Inc./Team DSMI, a subsidiary of Telcordia Technologies, Inc., maintains the Toll-Free Service Management System for the United States and Canada. Table 25 shows the current list of area codes, the state or territory they serve, and the month the code was opened. Table 26 shows area code assignments since January 1999, along with the month the code was added, and the code that served the area previously. Table 27 shows how dialing patterns differ from state to state. For instance, in some states, callers making local calls within an area code are required to dial only the 7-digit phone number. In other states, callers making local calls must dial the ten-digit phone number (area code plus the phone number). Finally, in some states, local callers must dial a “1” before dialing the area code plus the phone number. Each state’s public utilities commission (or public service commission) determines the calling pattern for each area code in their state. 34 For both local and domestic toll calls, there are two basic types of calls: those within an area code and those between area codes. Table 27 shows the dialing patterns for all four types of calls. The last column of Table 27 indicates whether all toll calls in that state require callers to dial a “1” before the telephone number. 33 Paging carriers are not required to port numbers. 34 The dialing patterns for area codes are listed in area code planning letters, which are available on the North American Numbering Plan Administrator’s web site at www.nanpa.com. 12 Additional Information Additional information too lengthy to include in this report is contained on the Commission’s website. 35 The first set of additional information lists the more than 3,000 filers. The list includes the service provider’s name, its parent name, and its OCN. The second set of information shows, by carrier type and by rate center, the number of assigned telephone numbers and the number of thousands blocks reported in that rate center. Some information has been redacted (asterisked out), to prevent the potential release of non- public data. The information also includes the Metropolitan Statistical Area/Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area in which the rate center resides. 36 The pooling information submitted by NeuStar is also available, and includes the NPA, NXX, X (block number), recipient carrier, date of assignment for the block and other information about the block. NeuStar submitted pooling data as of March 6, 2007. For consistency, only blocks with effective dates through December 31, 2006 were used in creating the tables for this report. Technical Details The following material provides technical details on the data and procedures used in this analysis. With respect to Tables 1 through 3, the reader should note that the number of unique NXXs for each carrier type does not add up to the total number of unique NXXs. 37 This occurs when multiple carriers report data for the same numbering resource. In addition, some carriers reported at the thousands-block level and other carriers reported at the NXX level for the same NXX. In the past, when numbers were transferred from an ILEC to another carrier, these numbers were classified as “assigned” because those numbers could not be used elsewhere in the ILEC’s own system. According to the Commission’s standardized definitions, however, these numbers are classified as “intermediate” numbers. It appears that some large carriers have not reported these numbers as intermediate numbers. Because, in many instances, we were unable to match submissions that report intermediate numbers with submissions that report numbers as being received from another carrier, we had to create filters to ensure that numbers were not double counted. 35 This report and additional numbering information can be found at http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/number.html. All of the Industry Analysis & Technology Division’s reports are available on the web, and are conveniently categorized. See http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 36 The rate center’s V&H coordinates from the LERG were used to determine in which MSA/PMSA the rate center resided. If the rate center is not in an MSA/PMSA, then the MSA/PMSA variable is left blank. 37 In some instances, more than one carrier reported numbering utilization data for the same NPA-NXX. Tables 1-3 report on the number of unique NPA-NXXs that were reported by each carrier type and by the industry as a whole. 13 Where a Regional Bell Operating Company (RBOC) has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as ILEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. For ease of comparison, Figures 1 through 4 plot utilization rates only when there were 1,000 or fewer thousands-blocks in a rate center. Some ILECs and Cellular/PCS carriers reported more than 1,000 unique thousands-blocks in a single rate center. For both types of carriers, however, the average utilization rates in these instances (where the carrier has more than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center) were the same as the instances where the carrier has just fewer than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center. Therefore, the figures show only the data where the carriers reported up to 1,000 thousands-blocks within a rate center. This allows a linear scale to be used. In some instances, we observed that some CLECs had a large number of thousands-blocks in a single rate center. Although most CLECs do not have enough end-user lines in a rate center to warrant having so many thousands-blocks in that rate center, there are at least two reasons that a CLEC would do so. First, some CLECs provide service to unified messaging services, such as e-fax. 38 These services use large quantities of numbers. 39 * * * * We invite users of this information to provide suggestions for improved data collection and analysis by using the attached customer response form, e-mailing comments to craig.stroup@fcc.gov, john.vu@fcc.gov, or calling the Industry Analysis and Technology Division at (202) 418-0940 (for TTY, call (202) 418-0484). 38 Unified messaging services allow end users to receive multiple types of messages (such as voice mail and faxes) at one phone number. Typically, these messages are then digitized and e-mailed to the end user. Because the end user does not need to answer the call personally, the messages can be sent to any phone number in the United States. Thus, unified messaging service providers can operate efficiently by obtaining a large number of thousands blocks in a single rate center. 39 Carriers assigning numbers to unified messaging services are instructed to report numbers as “intermediate” until the numbers are assigned by the unified messaging service providers to end users. Some carriers have assigned large quantities of numbers to unified messaging services but may not have received information back from the unified messaging company as to whether any of those numbers had been assigned to end users. This may explain why some carriers reported dozens of NXXs in a single rate center, yet still classified all those numbers as intermediate rather than assigned. Table 1 Number Utilization by Carrier Type as of June 30, 2006 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs ILEC 300,915 14,157 6,855 15,919 11,405 250,250 599,501 63,945 Cellular/PCS 225,844 2,648 1,279 12,201 3,100 128,701 373,773 45,543 CLEC 64,042 10,596 3,029 3,527 1,112 230,142 312,448 38,873 Paging 7,937 2,188 2,454 860 201 84,860 98,501 6,649 All Reporting Carriers 598,738 29,588 13,617 32,507 15,819 693,953 1,384,223 132,951 2 ILEC 50.2% 2.4% 1.1% 2.7% 1.9% 41.7% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 60.4% 0.7% 0.3% 3.3% 0.8% 34.4% 100.0% CLEC 20.5% 3.4% 1.0% 1.1% 0.4% 73.7% 100.0% Paging 8.1% 2.2% 2.5% 0.9% 0.2% 86.2% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 43.3% 2.1% 1.0% 2.4% 1.1% 50.1% 100.0% Table 2 Detail of Number Utilization: Non-rural Carriers (Reported at the Thousands-block Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs ILEC 290,940 13,321 5,732 15,113 11,069 199,887 536,061 57,622 Cellular/PCS 224,020 2,563 1,029 12,060 3,019 122,751 365,442 44,732 CLEC 63,544 10,584 2,869 3,503 1,083 221,748 303,331 38,129 Paging 7,440 1,953 2,263 696 121 79,077 91,550 6,006 All Reporting Carriers 585,944 28,421 11,892 31,372 15,291 623,463 1,296,384 124,664 2 ILEC 54.3% 2.5% 1.1% 2.8% 2.1% 37.3% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 61.3% 0.7% 0.3% 3.3% 0.8% 33.6% 100.0% CLEC 21.0% 3.5% 1.0% 1.2% 0.4% 73.1% 100.0% Paging 8.1% 2.1% 2.5% 0.8% 0.1% 86.4% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 45.2% 2.2% 0.9% 2.4% 1.2% 48.1% 100.0% Table 3 Detail of Number Utilization: Rural Carriers (Reported at the NXX Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs ILEC 9,975 836 1,123 805 337 50,364 63,440 6,344 Cellular/PCS 1,824 84 250 142 81 5,949 8,331 910 CLEC 498 12 160 24 29 8,393 9,117 816 Paging 497 235 191 164 80 5,784 6,952 643 All Reporting Carriers 12,794 1,167 1,725 1,135 527 70,490 87,839 8,702 2 ILEC 15.7% 1.3% 1.8% 1.3% 0.5% 79.4% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 21.9% 1.0% 3.0% 1.7% 1.0% 71.4% 100.0% CLEC 5.5% 0.1% 1.8% 0.3% 0.3% 92.1% 100.0% Paging 7.2% 3.4% 2.8% 2.4% 1.2% 83.2% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 14.6% 1.3% 2.0% 1.3% 0.6% 80.3% 100.0% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of December 31, 2006 (97% of NXXs reported). 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. 2 Unduplicated total. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. Where an RBOC has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as ILEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. 14 Table 4 Telephone Number Utilization by State as of June 30, 2006 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available 1 Total State/jurisdiction 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s Alabama 8,335 38.3 476 2.2 289 1.3 762 3.5 310 1.4 11,593 53.3 21,765 Alaska 1,306 25.5 29 0.6 33 0.7 55 1.1 25 0.5 3,674 71.7 5,122 American Samoa 15 73.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 7.9 0 2.0 3 16.5 20 Arizona 11,861 57.1 237 1.1 167 0.8 621 3.0 161 0.8 7,712 37.2 20,759 Arkansas 4,374 30.9 716 5.0 42 0.3 258 1.8 182 1.3 8,600 60.7 14,171 California 74,502 45.0 7,065 4.3 680 0.4 3,671 2.2 2,320 1.4 77,287 46.7 165,524 Colorado 10,970 53.3 64 0.3 122 0.6 588 2.9 257 1.3 8,563 41.6 20,564 Connecticut 7,236 44.4 418 2.6 98 0.6 272 1.7 205 1.3 8,054 49.5 16,283 Delaware 2,415 53.5 24 0.5 83 1.8 98 2.2 24 0.5 1,867 41.4 4,510 District of Columbia 4,039 69.2 27 0.5 140 2.4 126 2.2 24 0.4 1,481 25.4 5,837 Florida 36,575 50.3 2,306 3.2 418 0.6 2,851 3.9 1,265 1.7 29,311 40.3 72,727 Georgia 18,155 45.2 1,846 4.6 293 0.7 1,163 2.9 650 1.6 18,029 44.9 40,137 Guam 145 25.0 0 0.0 80 13.7 6 1.1 4 0.7 345 59.5 580 Hawaii 2,796 55.7 15 0.3 13 0.3 120 2.4 80 1.6 1,997 39.8 5,022 Idaho 2,583 42.5 20 0.3 57 0.9 110 1.8 75 1.2 3,234 53.2 6,079 Illinois 25,966 41.3 1,066 1.7 779 1.2 1,249 2.0 604 1.0 33,143 52.8 62,808 Indiana 10,426 37.8 470 1.7 248 0.9 552 2.0 372 1.3 15,512 56.2 27,580 Iowa 5,809 31.6 129 0.7 215 1.2 256 1.4 132 0.7 11,862 64.5 18,403 Kansas 4,692 28.0 718 4.3 74 0.4 248 1.5 164 1.0 10,858 64.8 16,754 Kentucky 7,194 34.9 413 2.0 110 0.5 537 2.6 213 1.0 12,128 58.9 20,597 Louisiana 8,301 38.1 479 2.2 109 0.5 916 4.2 283 1.3 11,718 53.7 21,805 Maine 2,343 42.6 33 0.6 120 2.2 110 2.0 29 0.5 2,867 52.1 5,501 Maryland 13,909 53.3 73 0.3 323 1.2 569 2.2 133 0.5 11,081 42.5 26,087 Massachusetts 18,232 46.7 357 0.9 644 1.6 751 1.9 225 0.6 18,823 48.2 39,033 Michigan 18,544 36.3 734 1.4 812 1.6 942 1.8 589 1.2 29,496 57.7 51,118 Minnesota 10,685 39.4 254 0.9 341 1.3 521 1.9 169 0.6 15,130 55.8 27,100 Mississippi 4,540 27.4 275 1.7 98 0.6 462 2.8 258 1.6 10,907 65.9 16,539 Missouri 10,515 35.4 534 1.8 729 2.5 571 1.9 272 0.9 17,108 57.5 29,729 Montana 1,353 22.0 12 0.2 50 0.8 61 1.0 30 0.5 4,653 75.6 6,159 Nebraska 3,196 30.8 149 1.4 39 0.4 156 1.5 88 0.8 6,736 65.0 10,364 Nevada 4,774 53.3 369 4.1 43 0.5 273 3.1 93 1.0 3,407 38.0 8,959 New Hampshire 3,176 45.2 18 0.3 73 1.0 103 1.5 35 0.5 3,616 51.5 7,020 New Jersey 20,183 47.0 427 1.0 588 1.4 929 2.2 225 0.5 20,581 47.9 42,932 New Mexico 3,258 46.8 43 0.6 33 0.5 172 2.5 61 0.9 3,389 48.7 6,956 New York 39,770 51.7 1,196 1.6 1,434 1.9 1,731 2.2 472 0.6 32,331 42.0 76,934 North Carolina 16,522 44.5 864 2.3 189 0.5 1,064 2.9 474 1.3 18,009 48.5 37,121 North Dakota 952 18.0 42 0.8 18 0.3 40 0.7 29 0.5 4,205 79.6 5,285 Northern Marianas Is 64 26.8 0 0.0 4 1.6 5 2.0 0 0.2 165 69.3 238 Ohio 20,737 41.7 779 1.6 547 1.1 984 2.0 629 1.3 26,062 52.4 49,739 Oklahoma 5,582 29.4 552 2.9 51 0.3 325 1.7 232 1.2 12,244 64.5 18,986 Oregon 6,936 47.0 64 0.4 124 0.8 358 2.4 196 1.3 7,089 48.0 14,767 Pennsylvania 25,012 43.4 296 0.5 962 1.7 1,242 2.2 335 0.6 29,839 51.7 57,686 Puerto Rico 4,014 55.8 19 0.3 89 1.2 216 3.0 77 1.1 2,776 38.6 7,191 Rhode Island 2,696 54.5 7 0.1 97 2.0 93 1.9 18 0.4 2,037 41.2 4,948 South Carolina 7,811 46.0 476 2.8 110 0.6 446 2.6 318 1.9 7,828 46.1 16,989 South Dakota 1,066 19.4 25 0.5 24 0.4 50 0.9 39 0.7 4,281 78.0 5,486 Tennessee 11,284 43.2 537 2.1 143 0.5 668 2.6 210 0.8 13,294 50.9 26,136 Texas 43,739 40.3 3,228 3.0 578 0.5 2,763 2.5 2,164 2.0 55,955 51.6 108,426 Utah 5,575 49.5 29 0.3 76 0.7 243 2.2 91 0.8 5,252 46.6 11,266 Vermont 2,109 44.4 10 0.2 53 1.1 55 1.2 38 0.8 2,488 52.3 4,754 Virgin Islands 150 48.5 13 4.2 28 9.2 32 10.4 2 0.6 84 27.2 309 Virginia 16,483 55.0 123 0.4 445 1.5 850 2.8 183 0.6 11,860 39.6 29,944 Washington 13,101 48.3 1,211 4.5 154 0.6 685 2.5 403 1.5 11,550 42.6 27,104 West Virginia 2,425 38.2 33 0.5 86 1.4 137 2.2 45 0.7 3,629 57.1 6,356 Wisconsin 9,425 35.6 283 1.1 452 1.7 393 1.5 266 1.0 15,672 59.2 26,491 Wyoming 883 25.1 10 0.3 12 0.3 43 1.2 38 1.1 2,535 72.0 3,522 Totals 598,738 43.3 29,588 2.1 13,617 1.0 32,507 2.3 15,819 1.1 693,953 50.1 1,384,223 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of December 31, 2006. 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. 15 Table 5 Number of Carriers Reporting Numbering Resources as of June 30, 2006 1 Paging Unduplicated State/jurisdiction ILEC 2 Cellular/PCS 2 CLEC 2 Carriers 2 Total Carriers Alabama 32 21 25 10 88 Alaska 23 11 2 2 38 American Samoa 0 1 0 0 1 Arizona 19 14 22 6 61 Arkansas 31 16 16 6 69 California 22 17 53 17 109 Colorado 31 17 26 8 82 Connecticut 3 7 19 5 34 Delaware 1 6 21 6 34 District of Columbia 1 6 23 4 34 Florida 13 21 56 10 100 Georgia 36 22 50 9 117 Guam 1 3 1 0 5 Hawaii 2 6 4 3 15 Idaho 22 18 19 5 64 Illinois 54 20 42 8 124 Indiana 43 19 43 9 114 Iowa 161 18 53 4 236 Kansas 43 18 25 7 93 Kentucky 20 23 36 6 85 Louisiana 22 15 27 7 71 Maine 23 7 14 3 47 Maryland 2 12 38 6 58 Massachusetts 4 8 33 4 49 Michigan 34 19 42 7 102 Minnesota 93 13 57 6 169 Mississippi 20 20 26 7 73 Missouri 44 18 37 10 109 Montana 20 7 13 1 41 Nebraska 49 12 13 2 76 Nevada 13 10 24 8 55 New Hampshire 12 9 16 5 42 New Jersey 3 8 39 6 56 New Mexico 16 14 14 4 48 New York 39 14 49 10 112 North Carolina 26 14 35 6 81 North Dakota 37 10 17 1 65 Northern Marianas Is 1 2 0 0 3 Ohio 37 23 46 7 113 Oklahoma 42 20 22 7 91 Oregon 36 13 31 4 84 Pennsylvania 35 21 51 9 116 Puerto Rico 1 6 5 0 12 Rhode Island 1 6 13 4 24 South Carolina 25 13 32 3 72 South Dakota 49 8 13 1 71 Tennessee 29 23 37 6 94 Texas 64 42 66 18 190 Utah 14 15 18 4 51 Vermont 10 5 10 4 29 Virgin Islands 1 3 0 0 4 Virginia 18 16 43 7 84 Washington 27 12 37 8 84 West Virginia 8 17 15 6 46 Wisconsin 91 19 33 9 152 Wyoming 15 14 10 2 40 Unduplicated Total 1,329 376 1,323 116 3,141 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of December 31, 2006. 1 Company numbers determined by counting operating company numbers (OCNs). Carriers typically obtain at least one OCN per state in which they do business. Thus, carriers with multiple OCNs are counted multiple times. An exception was made for those RBOCs that have acquired a company with CLEC operations within their operating areas. Although the acquired CLEC's numbers have been treated as ILEC numbers throughout this report, the acquired CLEC's OCN was not counted as an ILEC OCN in-region. Where the acquired CLEC operates outside of the acquiring RBOC's operating area, the CLEC's OCN was counted as a CLEC. 2 Carriers occasionally misclassify the type of service that they provide. For instance, the CLEC operations of ILECs are occasionally classified as ILEC operations. 16 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of June 30, 2006 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 201 January-47 New Jersey 51.3% 1.2% 1.3% 2.1% 0.4% 43.7% 42 202 January-47 District of Columbia 69.2% 0.5% 2.4% 2.2% 0.4% 25.4% 36 203 January-47 Connecticut 46.3% 3.1% 0.8% 1.7% 1.5% 46.5% 33 205 January-47 Alabama 47.3% 2.5% 0.4% 4.2% 2.1% 43.6% 40 206 January-47 Washington 59.3% 2.1% 0.8% 2.6% 1.6% 33.7% 33 207 January-47 Maine 42.6% 0.6% 2.2% 2.0% 0.5% 52.1% 48 208 January-47 Idaho 42.5% 0.3% 0.9% 1.8% 1.2% 53.2% 64 209 January-58 California 39.4% 4.7% 0.3% 1.9% 1.5% 52.2% 43 210 November-92 Texas 56.8% 3.9% 0.5% 2.7% 1.1% 35.0% 33 212 January-47 New York 73.4% 0.2% 5.9% 2.7% 1.3% 16.4% 31 213 January-47 California 39.1% 3.6% 0.7% 2.5% 1.6% 52.5% 49 214 January-47 Texas 52.6% 1.0% 0.4% 3.2% 2.3% 40.4% 48 215 January-47 Pennsylvania 54.9% 0.5% 2.6% 2.3% 0.7% 38.9% 38 216 January-47 Ohio 46.1% 1.0% 2.1% 2.3% 1.5% 46.9% 33 217 January-47 Illinois 32.1% 1.0% 1.5% 1.3% 1.2% 62.9% 42 218 January-47 Minnesota 22.9% 1.4% 0.7% 1.1% 0.6% 73.3% 65 219 January-47 Indiana 40.2% 3.1% 0.8% 1.8% 1.2% 52.8% 36 224 January-02 Illinois 31.2% 1.8% 0.4% 1.4% 0.5% 64.7% 26 225 August-98 Louisiana 46.2% 2.8% 0.2% 3.9% 1.5% 45.4% 34 228 September-97 Mississippi 32.5% 0.9% 0.3% 4.1% 1.7% 60.5% 31 229 August-00 Georgia 27.7% 6.0% 0.5% 1.8% 0.6% 63.4% 36 231 June-99 Michigan 23.4% 0.6% 0.8% 1.1% 0.7% 73.4% 33 234 October-00 Ohio 7.3% 0.2% 0.4% 0.2% 0.8% 91.1% 9 239 March-02 Florida 52.0% 1.8% 0.5% 3.4% 0.5% 41.8% 27 240 June-97 Maryland 43.7% 0.7% 0.3% 2.0% 0.2% 53.1% 46 248 May-97 Michigan 45.7% 2.2% 1.0% 2.0% 0.8% 48.4% 35 251 June-01 Alabama 38.5% 1.4% 0.9% 3.2% 1.1% 55.0% 40 252 March-98 North Carolina 35.2% 0.6% 0.1% 2.6% 0.5% 61.0% 28 253 April-97 Washington 48.4% 7.9% 0.6% 3.2% 0.9% 39.0% 33 254 May-97 Texas 30.2% 2.6% 0.3% 2.3% 3.0% 61.7% 42 256 March-98 Alabama 37.3% 2.1% 2.6% 3.5% 1.3% 53.2% 45 260 January-02 Indiana 35.7% 0.5% 0.8% 1.3% 2.4% 59.3% 32 262 September-99 Wisconsin 34.3% 0.8% 1.3% 1.3% 0.5% 61.8% 38 267 July-99 Pennsylvania 35.0% 0.6% 0.7% 2.2% 0.3% 61.2% 40 269 July-02 Michigan 34.9% 1.1% 1.5% 1.8% 1.2% 59.6% 38 270 April-99 Kentucky 28.7% 2.0% 0.4% 2.5% 0.6% 65.9% 48 276 September-01 Virginia 32.6% 0.4% 0.3% 3.2% 0.8% 62.6% 33 281 November-96 Texas 45.1% 3.4% 0.4% 2.9% 1.2% 47.0% 41 301 January-47 Maryland 59.7% 0.1% 1.3% 2.2% 0.7% 36.0% 43 302 January-47 Delaware 53.5% 0.5% 1.8% 2.2% 0.5% 41.4% 35 303 January-47 Colorado 63.7% 0.2% 0.7% 2.6% 1.8% 31.0% 38 304 January-47 West Virginia 38.2% 0.5% 1.4% 2.2% 0.7% 57.1% 46 305 January-47 Florida 53.4% 5.1% 0.5% 5.5% 1.3% 34.2% 42 307 January-47 Wyoming 25.1% 0.3% 0.3% 1.2% 1.1% 72.0% 40 308 January-55 Nebraska 17.9% 1.1% 0.7% 1.0% 1.0% 78.4% 42 309 January-57 Illinois 38.0% 0.3% 1.0% 1.3% 1.3% 58.1% 50 310 November-91 California 55.3% 3.1% 0.5% 2.7% 1.3% 37.2% 52 312 January-47 Illinois 45.1% 2.9% 1.5% 2.3% 1.1% 47.1% 41 313 January-47 Michigan 42.5% 2.4% 3.3% 3.3% 1.0% 47.4% 30 314 January-47 Missouri 52.9% 2.3% 2.2% 2.6% 1.1% 38.9% 33 315 January-47 New York 40.8% 0.8% 0.8% 1.5% 0.6% 55.5% 42 316 January-47 Kansas 40.7% 3.7% 0.4% 1.8% 1.4% 52.0% 27 317 January-47 Indiana 47.9% 2.0% 1.7% 2.6% 1.1% 44.6% 44 318 January-57 Louisiana 33.1% 1.8% 0.3% 3.2% 2.0% 59.7% 37 319 January-47 Iowa 36.9% 1.2% 0.3% 1.7% 1.7% 58.3% 58 17 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of June 30, 2006 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 320 March-96 Minnesota 23.7% 0.2% 0.8% 1.4% 0.4% 73.5% 62 321 November-99 Florida 54.6% 2.1% 0.4% 3.8% 1.0% 38.1% 40 323 June-98 California 44.2% 2.0% 0.2% 3.1% 1.2% 49.2% 50 325 April-03 Texas 29.0% 1.1% 1.2% 1.6% 2.9% 64.3% 34 330 March-96 Ohio 42.2% 0.9% 1.2% 1.9% 1.1% 52.6% 41 334 January-95 Alabama 29.8% 2.5% 1.2% 3.0% 1.0% 62.6% 47 336 December-97 North Carolina 47.4% 3.0% 0.4% 2.9% 1.2% 45.0% 46 337 October-99 Louisiana 34.5% 1.8% 0.3% 3.2% 0.7% 59.6% 37 339 May-01 Massachusetts 19.9% 1.9% 0.3% 0.7% 0.5% 76.7% 16 340 June-97 Virgin Islands 48.5% 4.2% 9.2% 10.4% 0.6% 27.2% 4 347 October-99 New York 54.1% 5.8% 0.7% 3.7% 0.5% 35.2% 34 351 May-01 Massachusetts 14.3% 0.0% 0.1% 1.9% 0.1% 83.6% 1 352 December-95 Florida 45.6% 2.2% 0.2% 3.4% 0.8% 47.7% 31 360 January-95 Washington 47.4% 1.7% 0.5% 2.4% 1.4% 46.6% 56 361 February-99 Texas 23.4% 2.4% 0.1% 1.4% 1.4% 71.3% 35 386 February-01 Florida 43.4% 3.9% 0.3% 3.0% 0.8% 48.6% 38 401 January-47 Rhode Island 54.5% 0.1% 2.0% 1.9% 0.4% 41.2% 25 402 January-47 Nebraska 36.3% 1.6% 0.3% 1.7% 0.8% 59.3% 49 404 January-47 Georgia 59.4% 3.6% 0.5% 3.3% 3.0% 30.2% 42 405 January-47 Oklahoma 40.3% 3.5% 0.2% 2.4% 1.2% 52.3% 42 406 January-47 Montana 22.0% 0.2% 0.8% 1.0% 0.5% 75.6% 41 407 April-88 Florida 51.9% 3.3% 0.5% 4.2% 0.9% 39.3% 42 408 January-59 California 50.9% 4.9% 0.4% 2.4% 0.9% 40.5% 43 409 November-82 Texas 29.2% 6.5% 0.1% 2.4% 1.2% 60.6% 37 410 October-91 Maryland 60.9% 0.2% 2.2% 2.6% 0.7% 33.5% 41 412 January-47 Pennsylvania 43.7% 0.2% 2.1% 2.2% 0.8% 51.0% 33 413 January-47 Massachusetts 49.5% 0.1% 1.0% 1.3% 0.3% 47.7% 36 414 January-47 Wisconsin 51.0% 2.1% 2.6% 2.7% 1.3% 40.3% 30 415 January-47 California 44.9% 3.6% 0.4% 2.1% 1.1% 47.8% 46 417 January-50 Missouri 29.2% 2.6% 5.2% 1.5% 1.3% 60.1% 51 419 January-47 Ohio 35.1% 4.1% 0.7% 1.7% 2.0% 56.4% 56 423 September-95 Tennessee 41.4% 1.8% 0.2% 2.7% 0.7% 53.1% 45 425 April-97 Washington 49.2% 7.0% 0.5% 2.2% 2.2% 38.8% 32 430 February-03 Texas 9.6% 47.8% 9.6% 0.0% 4.1% 29.0% 5 432 April-03 Texas 30.2% 2.4% 1.4% 3.5% 2.0% 60.5% 29 434 June-01 Virginia 43.2% 0.6% 1.0% 3.7% 0.5% 50.9% 28 435 September-97 Utah 25.8% 0.3% 1.0% 1.1% 0.7% 71.1% 47 440 August-97 Ohio 39.8% 1.9% 1.1% 2.0% 0.6% 54.6% 38 443 June-97 Maryland 42.0% 0.4% 0.5% 1.8% 0.3% 55.0% 42 469 July-99 Texas 40.6% 3.4% 0.6% 2.6% 0.7% 52.1% 36 478 August-00 Georgia 37.3% 6.1% 1.4% 2.6% 1.1% 51.5% 37 479 January-02 Arkansas 36.2% 4.3% 0.6% 2.2% 1.2% 55.6% 35 480 March-99 Arizona 68.4% 0.4% 0.8% 3.8% 0.8% 25.7% 29 484 June-99 Pennsylvania 29.6% 0.5% 1.6% 1.1% 0.2% 67.0% 47 501 January-47 Arkansas 38.4% 5.4% 0.2% 1.9% 2.0% 52.1% 36 502 January-47 Kentucky 48.7% 3.0% 0.4% 3.6% 1.6% 42.6% 35 503 January-47 Oregon 54.3% 0.3% 0.5% 2.6% 1.7% 40.6% 47 504 January-47 Louisiana 43.9% 3.6% 0.6% 7.3% 1.2% 43.5% 31 505 January-47 New Mexico 46.8% 0.6% 0.5% 2.5% 0.9% 48.7% 48 507 January-54 Minnesota 21.0% 0.1% 0.6% 0.9% 0.5% 76.9% 76 508 July-88 Massachusetts 53.5% 0.7% 1.9% 2.1% 0.8% 40.9% 39 509 January-57 Washington 38.3% 5.4% 0.5% 2.4% 1.3% 52.1% 49 510 September-91 California 42.7% 5.2% 0.3% 2.3% 1.4% 48.1% 40 512 January-47 Texas 50.3% 2.8% 0.9% 2.5% 2.1% 41.3% 42 513 January-47 Ohio 54.4% 0.4% 0.9% 2.7% 1.2% 40.4% 33 515 January-47 Iowa 48.4% 0.6% 1.1% 1.6% 0.8% 47.4% 46 18 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of June 30, 2006 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 516 January-51 New York 48.2% 1.2% 1.5% 1.8% 0.6% 46.6% 39 517 January-47 Michigan 38.1% 0.9% 1.2% 1.5% 1.4% 57.0% 48 518 January-47 New York 45.2% 0.7% 0.9% 1.8% 0.7% 50.8% 47 520 March-95 Arizona 54.2% 1.1% 0.8% 2.7% 0.8% 40.4% 37 530 November-97 California 33.0% 7.7% 0.3% 1.3% 1.2% 56.5% 47 540 July-95 Virginia 50.1% 0.3% 2.0% 2.7% 0.6% 44.2% 43 541 November-95 Oregon 38.8% 0.5% 1.3% 2.1% 1.0% 56.3% 59 551 December-01 New Jersey 57.6% 1.0% 0.3% 3.1% 0.2% 37.8% 7 559 November-98 California 36.6% 6.2% 0.3% 1.9% 1.5% 53.4% 35 561 May-96 Florida 53.7% 4.5% 0.6% 4.4% 1.5% 35.2% 37 562 January-97 California 44.0% 2.4% 0.3% 2.4% 2.2% 48.7% 46 563 March-01 Iowa 33.7% 0.6% 0.3% 2.1% 0.6% 62.7% 49 567 January-02 Ohio 10.0% 1.0% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 88.4% 25 570 December-98 Pennsylvania 40.2% 0.9% 2.6% 3.5% 0.6% 52.1% 45 571 March-00 Virginia 55.4% 0.3% 0.4% 2.4% 0.5% 41.0% 32 573 January-96 Missouri 28.8% 0.7% 3.0% 1.6% 0.5% 65.4% 43 574 January-02 Indiana 37.5% 0.8% 0.4% 1.6% 1.0% 58.7% 37 580 November-97 Oklahoma 15.2% 2.1% 0.2% 1.0% 1.2% 80.3% 51 585 November-01 New York 54.9% 0.8% 4.7% 1.1% 0.3% 38.3% 31 586 September-01 Michigan 37.8% 1.3% 3.3% 1.7% 0.2% 55.7% 32 601 January-47 Mississippi 29.8% 1.7% 0.7% 2.9% 2.1% 62.9% 45 602 January-47 Arizona 61.2% 1.7% 0.8% 3.3% 0.8% 32.1% 30 603 January-47 New Hampshire 45.2% 0.3% 1.0% 1.5% 0.5% 51.5% 43 605 January-47 South Dakota 19.4% 0.5% 0.4% 0.9% 0.7% 78.0% 71 606 January-55 Kentucky 24.7% 1.6% 0.7% 2.2% 1.5% 69.3% 37 607 January-54 New York 37.9% 1.0% 0.8% 1.1% 0.3% 58.9% 29 608 January-55 Wisconsin 38.1% 1.2% 2.3% 1.4% 1.5% 55.4% 69 609 January-57 New Jersey 52.0% 0.6% 0.9% 2.2% 0.5% 43.8% 38 610 January-94 Pennsylvania 55.1% 0.3% 2.4% 2.2% 0.6% 39.5% 51 612 January-47 Minnesota 58.9% 1.4% 2.7% 2.9% 1.1% 33.1% 41 614 January-47 Ohio 49.8% 1.5% 1.6% 2.3% 1.6% 43.3% 34 615 January-54 Tennessee 50.4% 2.5% 0.6% 2.6% 1.1% 42.8% 38 616 January-47 Michigan 43.7% 0.8% 2.7% 1.8% 1.8% 49.2% 33 617 January-47 Massachusetts 56.6% 0.7% 2.9% 2.7% 0.8% 36.3% 36 618 January-47 Illinois 31.3% 0.5% 2.8% 1.9% 1.6% 61.8% 47 619 January-82 California 49.6% 4.2% 0.5% 2.4% 1.8% 41.6% 42 620 February-01 Kansas 16.1% 5.6% 0.3% 1.1% 0.3% 76.6% 56 623 March-99 Arizona 63.1% 0.5% 0.9% 3.7% 1.2% 30.6% 27 626 June-97 California 46.1% 2.9% 0.3% 2.3% 1.3% 47.0% 50 630 August-96 Illinois 43.7% 2.3% 0.9% 2.0% 0.6% 50.5% 37 631 November-99 New York 42.8% 2.2% 1.1% 2.2% 0.4% 51.4% 38 636 May-99 Missouri 34.1% 0.6% 1.1% 1.5% 0.6% 62.2% 29 641 July-00 Iowa 23.3% 0.4% 1.0% 1.1% 0.3% 73.9% 61 646 July-99 New York 62.8% 4.2% 1.2% 4.3% 0.6% 26.9% 37 650 August-97 California 39.8% 5.6% 0.3% 1.9% 1.1% 51.3% 39 651 July-98 Minnesota 59.4% 1.4% 2.3% 3.1% 0.8% 33.0% 44 660 October-97 Missouri 13.3% 1.2% 2.3% 1.3% 0.6% 81.2% 45 661 February-99 California 40.9% 5.6% 0.4% 2.0% 1.4% 49.6% 47 662 April-99 Mississippi 22.9% 1.8% 0.6% 2.3% 0.9% 71.6% 52 670 July-97 Northern Marianas Is 26.8% 0.0% 1.6% 2.0% 0.2% 69.3% 3 671 July-97 Guam 25.0% 0.0% 13.7% 1.1% 0.7% 59.5% 5 678 January-98 Georgia 42.4% 3.3% 0.9% 3.1% 1.2% 49.1% 59 682 October-00 Texas 32.8% 4.6% 0.6% 2.9% 1.8% 57.4% 20 684 October-04 American Samoa 73.7% 0.0% 0.0% 7.9% 2.0% 16.5% 1 701 January-47 North Dakota 18.0% 0.8% 0.3% 0.7% 0.5% 79.6% 65 702 January-47 Nevada 62.5% 4.1% 0.6% 3.8% 0.8% 28.1% 37 703 January-47 Virginia 65.5% 0.5% 1.4% 2.5% 0.5% 29.7% 38 704 January-47 North Carolina 47.7% 3.2% 0.5% 3.4% 1.6% 43.7% 39 706 May-92 Georgia 40.7% 5.0% 0.5% 2.5% 1.5% 49.8% 70 707 January-59 California 37.9% 5.9% 0.3% 1.5% 1.1% 53.3% 47 19 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of June 30, 2006 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 708 November-89 Illinois 37.9% 1.8% 1.3% 1.9% 0.7% 56.5% 37 712 January-47 Iowa 19.1% 0.7% 2.7% 0.8% 0.3% 76.5% 99 713 January-47 Texas 53.2% 2.8% 0.7% 3.3% 1.0% 39.1% 35 714 January-51 California 49.8% 2.7% 0.5% 2.5% 1.6% 42.9% 51 715 January-47 Wisconsin 26.5% 0.8% 0.7% 1.1% 1.2% 69.6% 82 716 January-47 New York 49.9% 0.6% 1.3% 2.0% 0.7% 45.5% 32 717 January-47 Pennsylvania 51.7% 0.3% 1.2% 2.3% 0.8% 43.7% 39 718 September-84 New York 61.7% 2.0% 2.5% 3.6% 0.7% 29.4% 33 719 March-88 Colorado 47.7% 0.6% 0.4% 3.3% 0.8% 47.2% 43 720 June-98 Colorado 52.9% 0.4% 0.7% 3.8% 0.9% 41.2% 26 724 February-98 Pennsylvania 32.1% 0.6% 0.6% 2.2% 0.4% 64.1% 49 727 July-98 Florida 55.0% 0.9% 0.8% 3.4% 4.9% 34.9% 38 731 February-01 Tennessee 25.6% 1.1% 0.4% 1.6% 0.6% 70.8% 36 732 June-97 New Jersey 48.1% 1.5% 1.8% 2.2% 0.5% 46.0% 37 734 December-97 Michigan 40.1% 1.6% 1.0% 1.7% 0.6% 55.0% 41 740 December-97 Ohio 33.5% 1.2% 0.5% 1.6% 1.3% 61.9% 47 754 August-01 Florida 70.5% 5.4% 0.0% 8.2% 1.5% 14.4% 3 757 July-96 Virginia 58.1% 0.3% 1.3% 2.9% 0.5% 36.7% 28 760 March-97 California 44.7% 5.6% 0.5% 2.1% 1.6% 45.5% 54 763 February-00 Minnesota 53.2% 0.9% 1.0% 2.4% 0.6% 42.0% 42 765 February-97 Indiana 29.3% 1.7% 0.4% 1.4% 1.1% 66.1% 60 770 August-95 Georgia 54.5% 5.1% 0.4% 3.2% 1.7% 35.1% 44 772 February-02 Florida 48.6% 2.3% 0.8% 3.2% 2.4% 42.8% 31 773 October-96 Illinois 47.4% 1.5% 0.8% 3.7% 0.6% 45.9% 40 774 May-01 Massachusetts 27.2% 0.5% 0.8% 1.3% 0.4% 69.7% 30 775 December-98 Nevada 38.1% 4.1% 0.2% 1.8% 1.4% 54.3% 36 781 September-97 Massachusetts 40.7% 1.5% 1.0% 2.0% 0.4% 54.3% 36 785 July-97 Kansas 21.7% 4.9% 0.6% 1.2% 1.0% 70.6% 52 786 March-98 Florida 54.1% 2.4% 0.6% 5.7% 0.8% 36.4% 38 787 March-96 Puerto Rico 56.5% 0.3% 1.2% 3.0% 1.1% 37.9% 11 801 January-47 Utah 61.1% 0.2% 0.5% 2.7% 0.9% 34.6% 28 802 January-47 Vermont 44.4% 0.2% 1.1% 1.2% 0.8% 52.3% 30 803 January-47 South Carolina 46.8% 3.9% 0.3% 2.7% 2.1% 44.2% 50 804 June-73 Virginia 53.8% 0.4% 2.2% 3.0% 0.8% 39.8% 33 805 January-57 California 42.8% 3.4% 0.4% 1.8% 1.8% 49.7% 48 806 January-57 Texas 25.1% 2.7% 0.3% 2.8% 1.7% 67.5% 47 808 January-57 Hawaii 55.7% 0.3% 0.3% 2.4% 1.6% 39.8% 15 810 December-93 Michigan 33.8% 1.7% 1.1% 2.0% 3.4% 58.0% 32 812 January-47 Indiana 34.6% 1.6% 0.8% 2.4% 1.6% 59.0% 54 813 January-53 Florida 56.6% 0.8% 1.0% 3.3% 4.1% 34.1% 41 814 January-47 Pennsylvania 39.4% 0.7% 0.5% 1.3% 0.7% 57.3% 39 815 January-47 Illinois 39.1% 1.9% 1.2% 1.4% 1.3% 55.0% 62 816 January-47 Missouri 43.6% 2.6% 0.6% 2.5% 1.2% 49.5% 43 817 January-53 Texas 43.8% 2.4% 0.7% 2.5% 2.4% 48.2% 44 818 January-84 California 49.1% 3.4% 0.4% 2.3% 1.1% 43.7% 51 828 March-98 North Carolina 41.3% 1.2% 0.4% 2.5% 1.3% 53.2% 37 830 July-97 Texas 18.4% 1.1% 0.3% 1.3% 0.8% 78.2% 46 831 July-98 California 34.8% 9.8% 0.6% 1.5% 1.8% 51.6% 35 832 January-99 Texas 52.5% 3.2% 0.5% 3.5% 0.9% 39.4% 36 843 March-98 South Carolina 45.7% 2.0% 0.4% 2.4% 2.0% 47.5% 42 845 June-00 New York 45.1% 1.8% 1.2% 1.6% 0.6% 49.8% 45 847 January-96 Illinois 51.3% 2.1% 0.9% 1.8% 0.7% 43.3% 37 848 December-01 New Jersey 47.1% 1.1% 0.2% 3.3% 0.1% 48.2% 13 850 June-97 Florida 39.7% 4.0% 0.7% 3.5% 1.0% 51.2% 48 856 June-99 New Jersey 38.0% 0.6% 1.1% 1.9% 0.5% 58.0% 35 857 May-01 Massachusetts 25.9% 2.0% 0.3% 1.8% 1.0% 68.9% 25 858 June-99 California 47.6% 3.1% 0.6% 2.0% 1.8% 44.9% 36 859 April-00 Kentucky 40.7% 1.5% 0.6% 2.2% 0.5% 54.4% 45 860 August-95 Connecticut 42.5% 2.0% 0.4% 1.6% 1.0% 52.6% 31 20 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of June 30, 2006 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 862 December-01 New Jersey 35.4% 0.6% 0.7% 3.1% 0.3% 59.9% 24 863 September-99 Florida 39.4% 1.8% 0.4% 2.5% 2.5% 53.4% 40 864 December-95 South Carolina 45.3% 2.5% 1.3% 2.8% 1.4% 46.7% 33 865 November-99 Tennessee 50.4% 2.9% 0.9% 2.9% 0.9% 41.9% 29 870 April-97 Arkansas 22.2% 5.1% 0.2% 1.6% 0.8% 70.0% 44 901 January-47 Tennessee 54.3% 2.6% 0.7% 3.7% 0.8% 37.9% 30 903 November-90 Texas 33.7% 4.9% 0.5% 2.1% 2.5% 56.3% 64 904 July-65 Florida 52.3% 3.9% 0.5% 3.5% 1.6% 38.1% 40 906 January-61 Michigan 13.8% 0.5% 0.2% 1.2% 1.5% 82.8% 22 907 January-57 Alaska 25.5% 0.6% 0.7% 1.1% 0.5% 71.7% 38 908 November-90 New Jersey 40.3% 0.9% 1.0% 1.8% 0.7% 55.3% 39 909 November-92 California 48.8% 3.2% 0.7% 2.7% 1.2% 43.4% 50 910 November-93 North Carolina 40.4% 1.5% 0.7% 3.0% 1.0% 53.4% 38 912 January-54 Georgia 38.8% 4.4% 1.5% 3.3% 1.5% 50.6% 45 913 January-47 Kansas 46.6% 1.7% 0.5% 2.3% 1.7% 47.2% 39 914 January-47 New York 43.2% 1.9% 1.3% 1.5% 0.7% 51.5% 41 915 January-47 Texas 49.4% 2.7% 0.3% 3.5% 6.0% 38.2% 28 916 January-47 California 52.4% 2.8% 0.2% 2.6% 1.5% 40.6% 45 917 January-92 New York 49.1% 0.6% 0.4% 1.8% 0.2% 47.9% 27 918 January-53 Oklahoma 34.0% 3.2% 0.3% 1.8% 1.2% 59.4% 61 919 January-54 North Carolina 50.4% 3.3% 0.7% 2.5% 1.8% 41.3% 36 920 July-97 Wisconsin 33.3% 0.7% 2.0% 1.3% 0.6% 62.2% 61 925 March-98 California 38.3% 5.7% 0.4% 1.6% 1.4% 52.5% 38 928 June-01 Arizona 38.2% 1.4% 0.7% 1.5% 0.4% 57.7% 46 931 September-97 Tennessee 30.8% 1.1% 0.6% 1.6% 0.5% 65.4% 47 936 February-00 Texas 28.5% 3.8% 0.3% 1.6% 0.8% 65.1% 36 937 September-96 Ohio 39.3% 1.1% 1.1% 1.7% 1.0% 55.8% 40 939 September-01 Puerto Rico 37.9% 0.1% 1.6% 3.0% 0.1% 57.2% 7 940 May-97 Texas 26.8% 2.2% 0.1% 1.9% 4.8% 64.3% 53 941 May-95 Florida 50.3% 1.6% 0.8% 3.2% 2.7% 41.4% 41 947 September-02 Michigan 67.6% 6.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 25.8% 1 949 April-98 California 51.3% 2.8% 0.7% 2.6% 1.3% 41.4% 45 951 July-04 California 58.3% 3.2% 0.5% 2.7% 1.2% 34.0% 42 952 February-00 Minnesota 51.3% 1.3% 0.6% 2.4% 0.4% 43.9% 39 954 September-95 Florida 49.6% 5.2% 0.6% 4.6% 1.3% 38.8% 42 956 July-97 Texas 42.2% 3.1% 0.1% 2.7% 3.1% 48.8% 32 970 April-95 Colorado 40.9% 0.3% 0.5% 2.2% 0.9% 55.2% 50 971 October-00 Oregon 40.0% 1.3% 0.3% 3.0% 0.3% 55.0% 23 972 September-96 Texas 48.7% 1.7% 0.6% 2.8% 2.5% 43.7% 44 973 June-97 New Jersey 50.0% 1.0% 1.9% 2.5% 0.6% 43.9% 40 978 September-97 Massachusetts 41.8% 1.1% 1.5% 1.4% 0.4% 53.7% 40 979 February-00 Texas 24.1% 3.9% 0.7% 1.7% 2.0% 67.6% 40 980 April-01 North Carolina 47.9% 4.5% 0.7% 5.3% 0.7% 40.9% 11 985 February-01 Louisiana 35.5% 1.0% 1.4% 3.4% 1.0% 57.7% 36 989 April-01 Michigan 26.5% 0.9% 1.4% 1.5% 1.2% 68.5% 42 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of December 31, 2006 and NeuStar, Inc. 21 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 201 2,360 108 2,208 31 1,364 43 427 6 202 3,055 68 747 26 945 57 232 6 203 2,440 95 2,929 23 1,415 50 336 6 205 1,673 153 1,629 23 1,210 100 580 13 206 1,979 90 1,165 23 1,182 47 240 6 207 1,485 54 2,149 38 808 55 583 7 208 1,660 63 2,305 41 916 47 885 18 209 1,329 59 2,009 23 1,015 52 610 11 210 1,778 101 1,283 21 1,408 53 248 7 212 5,634 205 1,267 26 62 6 2 4 213 1,131 75 1,184 33 567 34 418 6 214 2,122 136 1,854 34 1,842 98 306 7 215 3,305 122 2,046 28 1,260 66 294 6 216 1,349 69 1,328 19 817 38 527 8 217 1,052 45 2,851 27 789 31 645 12 218 655 27 2,783 54 400 24 590 9 219 710 33 1,121 18 547 24 368 10 224 156 5 498 19 225 13 291 7 225 869 68 814 20 614 52 375 9 228 390 57 858 15 322 35 290 11 229 644 32 1,624 21 464 41 691 12 231 620 25 2,281 22 407 24 679 8 234 9 0 50 6 1 0 80 3 239 912 63 682 14 713 43 421 8 240 837 33 1,764 32 933 48 345 10 248 1,852 104 2,600 25 1,225 32 356 6 251 697 51 1,162 25 542 51 463 11 252 1,059 86 2,151 14 709 46 729 12 253 1,208 89 1,278 24 729 38 154 6 254 610 56 1,643 25 516 30 551 12 256 1,315 117 2,001 25 1,088 111 1,093 14 260 630 24 1,097 19 432 15 588 8 262 1,154 44 2,215 25 583 19 325 7 267 894 48 2,741 31 919 64 369 6 269 711 33 1,334 22 508 29 553 11 270 1,196 105 3,272 30 727 59 1,035 13 276 369 38 844 19 228 21 302 12 281 2,361 182 2,821 29 1,162 42 177 6 301 3,361 129 1,948 29 1,180 37 188 9 302 1,696 55 1,475 23 689 39 139 6 303 3,810 174 1,902 26 1,298 35 79 7 304 1,388 56 2,869 23 1,010 80 673 17 305 2,728 274 1,109 26 1,142 77 260 8 307 530 24 1,344 25 351 20 1,182 14 308 305 22 1,824 35 247 9 595 7 309 1,324 40 2,451 34 633 26 380 11 310 3,148 154 2,125 36 1,870 89 407 6 312 2,439 112 1,571 28 655 31 797 7 313 1,382 82 1,557 19 1,172 113 757 7 314 1,940 96 1,638 21 1,358 64 357 7 315 1,317 40 2,424 29 902 40 390 8 316 546 22 1,074 13 464 22 103 8 317 1,871 111 2,276 29 1,258 58 283 8 318 1,071 114 2,023 23 795 69 1,134 10 319 880 39 1,730 49 487 23 396 7 22 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 320 533 35 2,138 48 301 15 406 10 321 875 46 856 26 777 48 195 7 323 1,787 126 2,832 34 1,379 96 330 6 325 426 27 1,048 19 230 10 231 12 330 1,772 85 2,617 26 1,352 58 840 12 334 970 103 1,989 32 730 66 1,161 12 336 1,852 113 1,980 33 1,201 75 593 10 337 902 84 1,590 23 679 57 951 10 339 26 2 214 11 71 1 161 5 340 70 22 46 1 80 10 38 3 347 333 26 720 28 1,539 103 498 6 351 0 0 0 0 1 0 8 1 352 1,125 89 1,194 16 912 63 585 9 360 2,112 110 2,466 45 1,102 53 538 7 361 584 35 1,082 20 521 32 1,018 11 386 684 43 801 24 545 43 325 9 401 1,879 57 1,580 15 787 35 246 6 402 1,673 77 3,378 37 962 48 832 10 404 2,108 116 985 28 1,885 106 404 8 405 1,310 75 2,065 24 931 59 487 12 406 859 40 3,455 33 493 21 1,197 7 407 1,929 171 1,596 28 1,271 80 298 7 408 2,490 114 1,923 27 1,280 61 455 7 409 559 40 1,117 21 444 30 325 10 410 3,660 155 1,688 29 1,150 48 149 7 412 1,676 96 2,510 23 1,045 40 332 6 413 1,744 38 1,889 24 525 23 150 8 414 1,233 56 1,007 16 796 50 259 7 415 2,180 100 2,525 29 1,059 52 363 7 417 840 42 2,158 34 633 35 758 11 419 1,400 75 2,797 42 1,093 43 961 12 423 1,249 82 1,866 28 983 63 682 14 424 0 0 57 5 0 0 32 4 425 1,671 75 1,631 23 750 34 153 6 430 0 0 1 2 0 0 3 1 432 391 43 946 17 247 12 250 7 434 678 60 917 15 427 37 344 10 435 612 27 1,662 29 344 15 835 15 440 1,377 86 2,265 24 769 23 477 10 443 1,297 42 2,887 31 1,351 72 534 7 469 448 26 1,156 28 553 39 117 7 478 607 38 839 22 433 36 449 11 479 612 35 1,222 23 532 33 452 6 480 2,037 112 863 17 943 53 226 7 484 1,154 33 3,747 37 657 36 277 8 501 1,130 47 1,531 21 691 44 749 10 502 1,267 111 1,164 19 976 57 527 11 503 2,718 141 2,504 39 1,407 58 223 5 504 1,121 256 1,002 18 880 73 429 8 505 1,926 96 2,228 30 1,299 74 897 14 507 664 26 3,355 63 446 21 663 10 508 3,012 129 2,748 29 1,209 38 254 6 509 1,346 94 2,272 34 862 47 681 11 510 1,842 101 2,206 24 1,226 65 596 7 512 2,127 106 1,772 26 1,206 38 399 11 23 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 513 1,949 73 1,543 22 1,223 82 482 8 515 1,239 44 1,438 33 561 18 279 9 516 1,645 74 1,545 29 1,323 38 576 6 517 958 34 1,614 34 631 27 521 10 518 1,470 55 2,210 32 876 39 236 8 520 1,424 61 1,073 25 875 55 426 8 530 1,301 50 2,765 30 782 34 481 12 540 1,471 69 1,269 27 1,007 66 809 12 541 1,443 83 2,437 42 967 47 934 13 551 0 0 4 3 117 6 73 4 559 1,176 59 2,314 22 985 54 335 7 561 1,677 121 959 24 1,047 76 399 7 562 1,403 81 1,939 31 1,057 56 352 6 563 540 38 1,332 41 311 15 211 7 567 54 0 667 19 35 2 123 6 570 1,376 146 2,079 31 870 43 660 11 571 187 6 346 23 454 22 109 6 573 845 53 2,780 27 691 32 716 12 574 644 26 1,135 25 452 20 509 8 580 532 32 3,903 29 452 25 1,305 16 585 1,503 13 1,146 20 732 30 266 9 586 731 36 1,116 21 661 23 589 7 601 1,280 118 3,250 25 1,012 103 1,220 15 602 2,318 115 926 18 1,444 87 546 7 603 2,218 63 2,772 29 917 39 704 9 605 660 37 3,306 62 401 14 972 8 606 685 41 2,283 20 463 62 931 15 607 691 20 1,508 19 465 13 265 9 608 1,116 46 1,940 52 787 26 651 12 609 1,766 69 1,869 26 1,374 63 411 6 610 3,048 118 2,233 38 1,176 41 229 7 612 1,200 67 830 29 1,212 45 297 7 614 1,953 91 2,094 23 1,149 43 266 8 615 1,943 99 2,065 25 1,173 63 190 9 616 954 40 1,267 19 691 25 325 10 617 3,194 171 2,321 26 1,312 44 316 6 618 965 40 2,833 30 784 68 532 13 619 1,636 87 1,443 26 1,477 63 440 6 620 449 35 3,088 38 403 20 975 15 623 780 44 447 16 440 28 105 7 626 1,522 75 1,912 34 1,124 57 243 6 630 2,251 113 2,453 24 1,270 44 1,200 7 631 1,746 107 2,733 28 962 32 274 6 636 836 38 1,726 18 286 11 267 7 641 660 32 2,264 49 273 10 688 11 646 1,149 79 646 31 1,827 126 628 6 650 1,802 85 2,571 24 717 32 262 7 651 1,559 82 1,034 32 647 30 128 7 660 283 34 2,636 30 245 17 591 13 661 1,180 60 1,674 31 882 41 269 7 662 881 81 3,103 35 599 66 1,369 15 670 29 1 116 1 35 4 49 2 671 78 0 250 2 67 6 95 3 678 1,593 128 3,177 42 1,509 98 341 13 682 70 3 295 14 147 16 65 5 24 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 684 0 0 0 0 15 2 3 1 701 603 28 3,126 54 349 12 1,076 10 702 2,005 141 1,128 25 1,461 70 180 6 703 3,772 153 1,836 28 1,430 41 125 6 704 2,302 153 2,280 28 1,424 113 575 7 706 1,712 84 2,118 43 1,220 93 1,099 20 707 1,709 70 2,811 28 924 37 424 11 708 1,494 85 2,369 24 1,028 37 816 7 712 552 26 2,675 83 289 11 700 15 713 2,902 180 1,992 24 1,275 64 87 5 714 2,421 132 2,293 34 1,765 76 414 6 715 969 29 2,577 62 647 37 1,589 16 716 1,331 52 1,456 19 899 37 378 10 717 1,928 78 2,060 26 1,252 57 332 7 718 4,091 244 2,230 26 830 44 113 6 719 1,279 95 1,285 27 642 37 456 10 720 970 63 1,032 18 836 66 370 6 724 1,298 116 3,680 36 850 31 491 10 727 1,461 73 932 23 905 56 309 8 731 458 22 1,444 22 335 26 634 11 732 2,679 127 2,769 26 1,180 49 340 7 734 1,240 66 2,565 28 1,048 31 364 9 740 1,115 48 2,485 28 779 44 886 16 754 29 0 1 1 101 15 26 2 757 2,196 80 1,274 15 1,312 98 578 7 760 1,913 87 2,349 35 1,389 67 457 9 763 1,038 46 981 31 331 15 57 7 765 963 41 2,544 41 663 37 972 12 770 3,236 204 1,892 28 1,133 50 72 9 772 605 32 474 18 385 24 254 8 773 1,820 140 2,000 26 1,654 131 846 8 774 136 6 774 23 361 18 498 6 775 782 33 1,471 22 496 26 290 10 781 2,497 133 3,509 26 626 20 363 6 785 663 39 2,932 36 500 25 835 13 786 499 25 688 27 1,036 123 267 7 787 1,716 25 1,590 5 2,195 183 1,030 6 801 3,213 132 1,974 18 1,347 66 318 6 802 1,742 28 2,206 21 338 27 226 5 803 1,680 74 1,501 34 1,056 81 678 13 804 1,762 82 1,260 20 989 69 457 8 805 1,803 79 2,189 33 1,126 45 613 7 806 734 106 2,445 31 481 26 786 12 808 1,715 63 1,211 6 1,045 56 239 6 810 576 50 1,520 19 668 23 382 9 812 1,204 86 2,484 35 864 59 928 13 813 1,894 92 1,009 27 1,146 77 391 8 814 1,308 39 2,311 21 728 25 599 15 815 1,548 57 2,895 43 1,095 39 545 13 816 1,380 91 2,236 26 1,019 46 253 10 817 2,078 137 3,037 32 1,346 58 183 7 818 2,404 122 2,223 34 1,551 63 313 6 828 1,140 72 1,683 26 753 41 575 8 830 461 37 1,538 26 308 17 489 14 831 754 33 1,320 21 487 21 202 7 25 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 832 602 23 1,090 25 1,601 123 448 7 843 1,622 82 1,868 31 1,132 64 710 9 845 1,399 52 1,761 31 735 23 401 10 847 3,157 127 2,897 24 1,331 30 518 7 848 3 0 26 8 110 8 89 5 850 1,320 125 2,071 27 1,052 83 705 15 856 1,440 73 2,379 25 564 28 183 6 857 62 2 281 19 130 12 229 6 858 1,404 63 1,428 23 511 18 146 6 859 1,053 46 1,785 25 765 53 513 14 860 2,058 76 3,441 19 1,241 46 324 7 862 19 1 115 18 221 21 291 6 863 780 46 1,081 26 560 35 548 8 864 1,284 85 1,519 25 952 56 431 6 865 875 57 860 18 651 32 171 8 870 692 54 2,795 26 669 43 1,382 15 901 1,298 85 876 18 959 68 258 8 903 1,127 76 2,296 36 920 56 879 19 904 1,617 97 1,246 25 1,136 86 406 8 906 228 8 1,482 16 170 25 902 6 907 907 33 3,172 25 395 22 466 11 908 1,468 80 2,710 28 1,097 36 622 7 909 1,703 93 1,438 32 1,310 73 451 6 910 1,275 105 2,046 26 1,025 64 807 9 912 828 79 1,133 28 663 47 706 14 913 1,010 59 1,351 26 612 22 160 8 914 1,464 61 1,771 30 911 22 595 7 915 669 41 552 15 488 38 185 9 916 2,286 105 1,951 29 1,313 72 335 8 917 603 15 343 17 2,846 109 464 6 918 1,276 69 2,856 43 946 51 840 15 919 2,163 113 1,990 24 1,324 59 484 9 920 1,160 42 2,082 39 863 36 928 16 925 1,527 68 2,357 22 757 29 326 7 928 867 31 1,463 29 605 28 708 13 931 686 30 1,831 31 553 36 616 12 936 548 20 999 20 332 23 274 10 937 1,323 48 2,303 26 972 50 689 11 939 2 0 106 2 101 8 50 5 940 507 41 1,656 34 345 19 353 14 941 928 51 730 25 647 37 381 9 947 0 0 0 0 433 0 165 1 949 1,725 99 1,461 30 798 28 184 6 951 1,224 56 959 30 1,154 56 332 6 952 1,288 63 1,174 30 269 10 36 6 954 2,106 187 1,563 28 1,352 100 373 7 956 895 52 892 20 792 56 558 8 970 1,245 75 1,826 32 733 33 814 14 971 108 11 313 17 200 12 110 6 972 3,109 183 2,750 31 706 36 81 8 973 3,065 159 2,857 30 1,194 50 255 6 978 2,356 80 3,463 30 797 28 366 6 979 441 24 1,062 21 344 17 430 10 980 24 0 40 6 88 12 56 5 985 686 70 1,201 21 523 46 604 12 989 780 38 2,336 26 587 38 1,020 13 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of December 31, 2006. 26 Table 8 Pooled Thousands-blocks as of June 30, 2006 ILECs and CLECs Cellular/PCS Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks State blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled Alabama 651 10,075 6.46 1,226 7,070 17.34 Alaska 0 0 NM 10 20 50.00 Arizona 947 11,639 8.14 1,637 6,396 25.59 Arkansas 540 5,893 9.16 379 3,907 9.70 California 11,091 107,831 10.29 12,375 39,992 30.94 Colorado 1,138 12,718 8.95 876 5,144 17.03 Connecticut 1,100 11,630 9.46 994 3,444 28.86 Delaware 474 3,332 14.23 278 880 31.59 District of Columbia 273 4,042 6.75 439 1,249 35.15 Florida 4,923 41,399 11.89 5,733 22,578 25.39 Georgia 1,660 22,080 7.52 2,046 11,037 18.54 Guam 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Hawaii 88 3,021 2.91 293 1,359 21.56 Idaho 208 3,055 6.81 279 1,667 16.74 Illinois 6,056 37,032 16.35 3,667 16,611 22.08 Indiana 1,609 15,320 10.50 1,344 7,445 18.05 Iowa 386 5,611 6.88 596 3,800 15.68 Kansas 509 8,135 6.26 710 3,706 19.16 Kentucky 618 10,665 5.79 997 5,658 17.62 Louisiana 763 10,591 7.20 1,336 6,324 21.13 Maine 450 2,602 17.29 362 1,413 25.62 Maryland 2,262 18,189 12.44 1,811 6,099 29.69 Massachusetts 4,000 29,861 13.40 2,007 7,627 26.31 Michigan 3,349 28,805 11.63 3,140 14,364 21.86 Minnesota 1,138 13,699 8.31 923 5,867 15.73 Mississippi 509 7,163 7.11 441 4,045 10.90 Missouri 1,669 17,490 9.54 1,406 7,164 19.63 Montana 207 2,009 10.30 44 1,168 3.77 Nebraska 159 3,439 4.62 267 2,375 11.24 Nevada 409 5,407 7.56 890 2,474 35.97 New Hampshire 754 4,854 15.53 331 1,667 19.86 New Jersey 3,967 29,393 13.50 2,705 10,313 26.23 New Mexico 187 2,964 6.31 461 2,002 23.03 New York 7,075 47,985 14.74 8,032 20,896 38.44 North Carolina 2,245 21,230 10.57 1,981 10,961 18.07 North Dakota 47 1,166 4.03 58 636 9.12 Northern Marianas 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Ohio 3,092 29,379 10.52 2,138 14,121 15.14 Oklahoma 589 9,981 5.90 854 4,440 19.23 Oregon 700 8,159 8.58 981 3,775 25.99 Pennsylvania 5,147 37,834 13.60 3,717 12,585 29.54 Puerto Rico 101 2,148 4.70 538 3,520 15.28 Rhode Island 375 3,624 10.35 279 1,076 25.93 South Carolina 850 8,350 10.18 879 5,091 17.27 South Dakota 41 1,094 3.75 78 885 8.81 Tennessee 1,656 14,481 11.44 1,365 7,278 18.76 Texas 5,060 65,154 7.77 7,753 25,220 30.74 Utah 1,110 6,643 16.71 467 2,637 17.71 Vermont 192 3,474 5.53 197 611 32.24 Virgin Islands 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Virginia 2,191 17,525 12.50 2,301 8,933 25.76 Washington 1,455 17,992 8.09 1,600 6,742 23.73 West Virginia 422 3,464 12.18 334 1,618 20.64 Wisconsin 1,150 11,219 10.25 612 6,515 9.39 Wyoming 97 1,047 9.26 23 732 3.14 Totals 85,689 801,893 10.69 84,190 353,137 23.84 Source: Pooling data provided by NeuStar. 1 Includes only those thousands-blocks in rate centers with pooling. NM - Not meaningful. 27 Table 9 Increased Utilization and Telephone Numbers Saved due to Thousands-Block Pooling as of June 30, 2006 Numbers Numbers Needed Utilization had Increased Utilization Numbers Assigned Total Percent had Whole NXXs Whole NXXs of Thousands-blocks Saved Due Carrier Type OCNs to End-users 1 Numbers 1 Utilized Been Issued Been Issued due to Pooling to Pooling ILEC 96 3,264,509 4,392,000 74.3% 8,790,000 37.1% 37.2% 4,398,000 Cellular/PCS 560 46,372,351 64,052,000 72.4% 112,830,000 41.1% 31.3% 48,778,000 CLEC 1,070 18,389,680 47,872,000 38.4% 255,890,000 7.2% 31.2% 208,018,000 Total 1,726 68,026,540 116,316,000 58.5% 377,510,000 18.0% 40.5% 261,194,000 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in pooled blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of December 31, 2006. NeuStar also provided data on Thousands-block pooling. Table 10 Number Utilization for Specialized Nongeographic Area Codes as of June 30, 2006 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Specialized Area Codes (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs 1,624 543 1 1,368 24 1,600 5,160 514 31.5% 10.5% 0.0% 26.5% 0.5% 31.0% 100.0% 370 20 0 3 0 606 1,000 99 37.0% 2.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.0% 60.6% 100.0% 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of December 31, 2006. 500 900 28 Figure 1 ILECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 29 Figure 2 Cellular/PCS Carriers: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 30 Figure 3 CLECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 31 Figure 4 Paging Carriers: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 32 Table 11 Alternate Sources of NPA-NXX Assignments NPA-NXXs that appear in NRUF NANPA LERG NXXs All Three Databases NRUF, NANPA and LERG 999131,710 Two of the Three Databases NRUF and NANPA 99646 NANPA and LERG 993,136 NRUF and LERG 141 Only One Database NRUF 9 454 NANPA 9 684 LERG 9 80 Total NXXs in Database. 132,951 136,176 135,067 Sources: NANPA's NPA-NXX; assignments database as of July 1, 2006; the LERG, as of July 1, 2006; NRUF June 30, 2006 database (NRUF forms filed as of Demember 31, 2006). 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Table 12 Utilization over Time Carrier Type ILEC Cellular/PCS CLEC Paging Overall December 2000 52.1% 46.2% 9.8% 26.3% 40.1% June 2001 52.1% 45.3% 10.9% 24.8% 39.6% December 2001 52.5% 47.2% 11.4% 20.2% 39.7% June 2002 52.2% 47.5% 10.4% 17.6% 39.2% December 2002 52.2% 47.8% 10.6% 17.0% 39.2% June 2003 53.2% 49.0% 10.7% 14.3% 39.9% December 2003 52.6% 50.6% 10.6% 13.0% 39.5% June 2004 54.5% 53.9% 14.8% 10.9% 42.3% December 2004 53.5% 54.6% 16.4% 10.3% 42.2% June 2005 52.8% 56.9% 18.1% 9.9% 43.0% December 2005 52.4% 59.1% 19.7% 8.6% 43.4% June 2006 50.2% 60.4% 20.5% 8.1% 43.3% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports filed with NeuStar, Inc. Note: Starting with June 2006 data, where an RBOC has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as ILEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. 33 Table 13 NPA-NXX Assignments, Returns and Net Assignments NPA-NXXs NPA-NXXs Net Quarter Assigned Returned Assignments 1998 Q3 1,554 0 1,554 1998 Q4 2,375 0 2,375 1999 Q1 3,019 0 3,019 1999 Q2 4,693 95 4,598 1999 Q3 4,202 164 4,038 1999 Q4 3,993 545 3,448 2000 Q1 4,552 775 3,777 FCC Issued First NRO Order 1 2000 Q2 4,126 923 3,203 2000 Q3 3,497 818 2,679 2000 Q4 3,235 1,146 2,089 FCC Issued Second NRO Order 1 2001 Q1 3,095 1,725 1,370 2001 Q2 3,136 1,320 1,816 2001 Q3 2,112 1,611 501 2001 Q4 2,055 1,402 653 FCC Issued Third NRO Order 1 2002 Q1 1,731 1,199 532 2002 Q2 2,392 1,260 1,132 2002 Q3 1,954 587 1,367 2002 Q4 1,101 558 543 2003 Q1 897 533 364 2003 Q2 1,007 431 576 FCC Issued Fourth NRO Order 1 2003 Q3 802 580 222 2003 Q4 539 244 295 2004 Q1 888 182 706 2004 Q2 728 323 405 2004 Q3 748 160 588 2004 Q4 761 319 442 2005 Q1 1,113 249 864 2005 Q2 778 330 448 2005 Q3 716 246 470 2005 Q4 705 203 502 2006 Q1 1,165 194 971 2006 Q2 944 175 769 2006 Q3 883 137 746 2006 Q4 987 188 799 1 See text footnote 2 for full citation. Source: NPA-NXX data from NeuStar, Inc. NPA-NXX Assigments, Returns, and Net Assignments 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 1998 Q3 1998 Q4 1999 Q1 1999 Q2 1999 Q3 1999 Q4 2000 Q1 2000 Q2 2000 Q3 2000 Q4 2001 Q1 2001 Q2 2001 Q3 2001 Q4 2002 Q1 2002 Q2 2002 Q3 2002 Q4 2003 Q1 2003 Q2 2003 Q3 2003 Q4 2004 Q1 2004 Q2 2004 Q3 2004 Q4 2005 Q1 2005 Q2 2005 Q3 2005 Q4 2006 Q1 2006 Q2 2006 Q3 2006 Q4 Assignments Returns Net Assignments 34 Table 14 Telephone Number Porting Activity Since Wireless Pooling Started 1 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Month Wireline Wireless Wireless 2 Wireline Total (thousands) (thousands) 2003 November 3 561 2 61 1 625 December 638 12 756 1 1,407 2004 January 809 24 713 1 1,547 February 711 65 591 2 1,369 March 776 79 632 1 1,488 April 718 49 613 1 1,381 May 756 73 689 1 1,519 June 789 165 873 2 1,829 July 656 143 806 3 1,608 August 4 786 95 824 * 1,705 September 701 43 787 1 1,532 October 899 97 738 1 1,735 November 736 131 736 2 1,605 December 692 86 910 1 1,689 2005 January 698 53 808 2 1,561 February 936 81 735 1 1,753 March 1,257 74 815 2 2,148 April 959 55 797 1 1,812 May 892 56 862 1 1,811 June 1,064 38 1,153 2 2,257 July 1,006 62 982 2 2,052 August 1,203 42 933 2 2,179 September 1,114 31 835 2 1,982 October 991 37 866 2 1,896 November 1,023 29 826 2 1,880 December 1,079 22 1,031 2 2,135 2006 January 1,242 37 879 4 2,162 February 1,347 22 807 3 2,178 March 1,422 19 876 2 2,319 April 1,095 19 747 2 1,863 May 1,213 46 813 2 2,073 June 1,010 30 862 2 1,904 July 960 55 866 1 1,883 August 1,111 61 953 2 2,127 September 941 36 839 2 1,818 October 1,049 33 823 2 1,908 November 907 40 812 3 1,762 December 977 41 993 2 2,013 Cumulative Total 35,724 2,083 30,642 66 68,515 * Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Monthly figures include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 3 Wireless porting started November 24, 2003. These figures include all ports during the month of November, which for ports from or to a wireless carrier, includes a small number of test ports that happened prior to November 24. 4 Due to a data problem, does not include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger in October 2004. 35 Table 15 Telephone Numbers Remaining in the Porting Database at the End of Each Quarter 1 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Total Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless 2 Wireline (In Thousands) (In Thousands) 1999 Second 1,840 * * * 1,840 Third 2,658 * * * 2,658 Fourth 3,854 * * * 3,854 2000 First 5,029 * * * 5,029 Second 5,781 * * * 5,781 Third 7,595 * * * 7,595 Fourth 9,146 * * * 9,146 2001 First 10,567 * * * 10,567 Second 12,310 * * * 12,310 Third 14,610 * * * 14,610 Fourth 15,519 * * * 15,519 2002 First 16,810 * * * 16,810 Second 18,210 * * * 18,210 Third 19,862 * * * 19,862 Fourth 21,449 * * * 21,449 2003 First 22,781 * * * 22,781 Second 23,723 * * * 23,723 Third 24,796 * * * 24,796 Fourth 25,869 16 795 2 26,682 2004 First 28,462 173 2,686 3 31,324 Second 28,371 406 4,635 4 33,417 Third 29,396 667 6,874 9 36,945 Fourth 30,607 832 9,041 11 41,491 2005 First 32,399 1,001 10,860 16 44,276 Second 34,169 1,092 12,956 19 48,236 Third 36,013 1,201 14,804 23 52,041 Fourth 37,608 1,246 16,101 29 54,983 2006 First 40,194 1,272 17,577 34 59,077 Second 42,130 1,333 19,032 42 62,538 Third 43,743 1,407 20,509 46 65,705 Fourth 45,149 1,480 21,920 50 68,600 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small but unknown number of wireless test ports were conducted before November 24, 2003. The remaining wireless-related ports appear to be artifacts of divining the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 1 Numbers ported because customer changed carriers. The database contains the date when the telephone number record was last updated. For most telephone numbers, this was the most recent port. For those telephone numbers affected by area code changes, however, the date refers to when the record was updated to reflect the new area code. See the text for a fuller discussion. 36 Table 16 Numbers in the Porting Database by Quarter in Which They Were Most Recently Ported 1 December 31, 2006 2 Ported During Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless Wireline (In Thousands) (In Thousands) 1998 First 0 3 *** Second 3 * * * Third 40 * * * Fourth 132 * * * 1999 First 220 * * * Second 339 * * * Third 374 * * * Fourth 474 * * * 2000 First 509 * * * Second 564 * * * Third 710 * * * Fourth 816 * * * 2001 First 796 * * * Second 958 * * * Third 1,014 * * * Fourth 1,176 * * * 2002 First 1,025 * * * Second 1,158 * * * Third 1,569 * * * Fourth 1,533 * * * 2003 First 1,125 * * * Second 1,210 * * * Third 1,217 * * * Fourth 1,190 9 456 1 2004 First 1,663 121 1,036 1 Second 1,629 115 1,197 3 Third 1,702 191 1,428 6 Fourth 1,645 177 1,480 3 2005 First 2,078 157 1,553 2 Second 2,224 105 1,781 2 Third 2,544 111 1,964 3 Fourth 2,351 75 2,092 9 2006 First 3,309 64 2,063 4 Second 2,775 87 2,091 2 Third 2,530 145 2,361 4 Fourth 2,567 113 2,417 5 1 Numbers ported because customer changed carriers. 3 Number is between 0 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 2 The local number portability database was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. As such, it retains only the most recent porting activity for any given number. So if a consumer ports a number from Carrier A to Carrier B, and later the consumer then ports the number from Carrier B to Carrier C, the database will not reflect the original port from Carrier A to Carrier B. Also, numbers that revert back to the original carrier (either because the customer ports the number back to the original carrier or because the customer discontinues service with that number) are dropped from the database. Lastly, area code splits can make a number appear to be ported later than it actually was. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small but unknown number of wireless test ports were conducted before November 24, 2003. The remaining wireless-related ports appear to be artifacts of divining the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 37 Table 17 Ports Between Carrier Types, December 31, 2006 (in thousands) Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless State to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Total Alabama 321 57 228 ** 606 Alaska * 1 25 1 158 Arizona 1,110 11 509 2 1,632 Arkansas 181 33 78 ** 292 California 7,629 42 3,064 5 10,740 Colorado 906 15 444 1 1,367 Connecticut 541 14 240 ** 795 Delaware 286 1 52 * 338 District of Columbia 347 4 91 2 443 Florida 2,030 114 1,608 2 3,754 Georgia 1,194 146 669 4 2,013 Guam 0 0 1 0 1 Hawaii 175 2 115 1 293 Idaho 130 7 91 ** 228 Illinois 2,184 32 1,043 2 3,262 Indiana 461 44 319 ** 825 Iowa 233 13 141 ** 386 Kansas 380 53 156 ** 589 Kentucky 271 51 207 ** 530 Louisiana 415 11 249 ** 676 Maine 171 16 62 ** 250 Maryland 784 5 438 ** 1,227 Massachusetts 1,958 23 551 1 2,533 Michigan 1,431 22 747 1 2,202 Minnesota 1,120 17 421 2 1,561 Mississippi 98 57 103 ** 259 Missouri 597 63 355 ** 1,016 Montana 43 12 36 1 92 Nebraska 224 11 94 ** 330 Nevada 294 5 184 1 484 New Hampshire 259 8 82 ** 349 New Jersey 1,207 9 685 1 1,902 New Mexico 97 9 92 ** 199 New York 4,055 38 1,626 3 6 North Carolina 909 72 528 1 1,511 North Dakota 45 1 28 ** 75 Ohio 1,173 32 786 2 1,993 Oklahoma 340 38 298 2 678 Oregon 530 19 264 ** 813 Pennsylvania 2,221 14 860 1 3,096 Puerto Rico * * 207 * 228 Rhode Island 228 4 86 ** 318 South Carolina 352 29 213 ** 594 South Dakota 90 3 31 ** 124 Tennessee 718 23 401 ** 1,143 Texas 3,065 204 1,531 7 4,807 Utah 691 11 234 ** 936 Vermont 81 5 18 ** 105 Virgin Islands 0 0 0 0 0 Virginia 1,314 17 744 1 2,077 Washington 1,281 21 503 1 1,806 West Virginia 128 4 52 * 184 Wisconsin 700 13 313 1 1,027 Wyoming 15 3 13 * 32 Total 45,149 1,480 21,920 50 68,600 * Indicates that the number has been withheld to protect carrier confidentiality. ** Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 38 Table 18 Number of Carriers Porting or Receiving Ports as of Decmeber 31, 2006 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Ports Wireless Ports Wireless Ports Wireline Ports Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers State Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Alabama 31 28 27 14 17 15 11 15 Alaska 3 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 Arizona 30 26 22 12 14 11 8 13 Arkansas 19 17 10 9 11 9 6 6 California 55 50 39 14 19 15 11 31 Colorado 36 31 24 13 16 14 12 16 Connecticut 30 26 15 7 7 7 7 10 Delaware 20 26 7 6 6 6 6 2 District of Columbia 31 29 7 6 6 6 6 14 Florida 80 70 44 12 14 13 9 24 Georgia 70 66 39 14 15 14 13 28 Guam 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 Hawaii 9 6 6 7 7 8 7 4 Idaho 24 19 14 11 20 15 11 6 Illinois 62 52 32 13 14 13 11 27 Indiana 41 45 30 10 12 14 10 19 Iowa 38 40 13 17 15 15 13 10 Kansas 29 27 30 15 16 15 12 12 Kentucky 39 43 17 18 21 20 11 9 Louisiana 39 33 16 9 14 11 9 12 Maine 16 16 13 8 8 8 8 8 Maryland 51 44 17 9 9 9 8 14 Massachusetts 44 36 25 7 7 7 6 18 Michigan 53 51 37 11 16 14 12 24 Minnesota 70 59 60 12 15 12 13 32 Mississippi 32 32 15 13 14 12 8 4 Missouri 39 33 23 12 15 13 9 16 Montana 15 15 9 6 10 7 6 6 Nebraska 16 16 10 10 13 12 10 4 Nevada 25 22 14 10 11 10 8 15 New Hampshire 25 21 10 8 9 8 8 11 New Jersey 42 36 22 6 6 6 6 16 New Mexico 18 14 7 10 14 12 9 4 New York 74 66 49 10 13 11 10 31 North Carolina 41 46 33 13 14 14 11 26 North Dakota 14 15 23 7 8 8 6 5 Ohio 51 53 38 16 17 15 14 22 Oklahoma 23 24 22 12 16 14 11 11 Oregon 35 38 32 13 14 12 12 17 Pennsylvania 61 53 39 11 14 13 10 22 Puerto Rico 1 2 2 7 8 9 7 3 Rhode Island 19 18 10 6 6 6 6 9 South Carolina 40 39 35 10 12 12 8 22 South Dakota 17 17 7 5 6 5 5 4 Tennessee 51 43 31 13 17 15 15 20 Texas 96 80 67 25 33 32 16 35 Utah 21 19 15 10 13 10 10 9 Vermont 10 10 6 5 6 5 4 5 Virgin Islands 0 0 0 0 4 5 0 0 Virginia 54 50 30 12 13 13 11 21 Washington 42 44 32 11 14 13 12 15 West Virginia 19 18 7 12 16 15 6 3 Wisconsin 44 42 34 12 15 12 11 20 Wyoming 9 10 9 7 12 10 7 3 Unduplicated Total 684 694 557 103 149 129 82 326 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 39 Table 19 Percentage of Numbers Ported, as of June 30, 2006 Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless Total Total Wireline Assigned Percent Wireless Assigned Percent Total Assigned Percent Ports Numbers Ported Ports Numbers Ported Ports Numbers Ported State (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) Alabama 350 4,655 7.5 197 3,569 5.5 548 8,224 6.7 Alaska 132 907 14.6 23 395 5.8 156 1,303 11.9 Arizona 1,059 7,426 14.3 441 4,308 10.2 1,500 11,733 12.8 Arkansas 195 2,434 8.0 72 1,892 3.8 267 4,326 6.2 California 7,297 44,799 16.3 2,797 28,505 9.8 10,094 73,304 13.8 Colorado 888 7,303 12.2 380 3,509 10.8 1,268 10,812 11.7 Connecticut 495 4,498 11.0 201 2,656 7.6 696 7,154 9.7 Delaware 277 1,696 16.3 45 689 6.5 321 2,385 13.5 District of Columbia 339 3,055 11.1 81 945 8.6 420 4,000 10.5 Florida 1,967 21,168 9.3 1,396 14,727 9.5 3,363 35,895 9.4 Georgia 1,223 10,727 11.4 604 7,307 8.3 1,827 18,034 10.1 Guam 0 78 0.0 0 67 0.6 0 145 0.3 Hawaii 163 1,715 9.5 103 1,045 9.9 266 2,760 9.7 Idaho 129 1,660 7.8 78 916 8.6 207 2,576 8.0 Illinois 2,077 16,206 12.8 924 9,464 9.8 3,001 25,670 11.7 Indiana 459 6,023 7.6 272 4,217 6.4 731 10,240 7.1 Iowa 241 3,871 6.2 125 1,921 6.5 367 5,792 6.3 Kansas 402 2,668 15.1 128 1,980 6.5 530 4,647 11.4 Kentucky 296 4,201 7.0 183 2,931 6.3 479 7,132 6.7 Louisiana 420 4,649 9.0 218 3,491 6.3 639 8,140 7.8 Maine 170 1,485 11.5 58 808 7.2 228 2,293 10.0 Maryland 698 9,155 7.6 377 4,613 8.2 1,075 13,768 7.8 Massachusetts 1,819 13,026 14.0 472 5,031 9.4 2,291 18,058 12.7 Michigan 1,308 10,032 13.0 614 8,200 7.5 1,922 18,232 10.5 Minnesota 1,068 6,937 15.4 367 3,606 10.2 1,436 10,544 13.6 Mississippi 142 2,552 5.6 92 1,933 4.7 234 4,484 5.2 Missouri 593 6,124 9.7 306 4,233 7.2 900 10,357 8.7 Montana 47 859 5.5 30 493 6.0 76 1,353 5.7 Nebraska 217 1,978 11.0 74 1,209 6.1 291 3,187 9.1 Nevada 267 2,787 9.6 166 1,957 8.5 432 4,744 9.1 New Hampshire 259 2,218 11.7 69 917 7.5 328 3,135 10.5 New Jersey 1,099 12,799 8.6 603 7,219 8.4 1,703 20,019 8.5 New Mexico 100 1,926 5.2 78 1,299 6.0 178 3,225 5.5 New York 3,796 24,376 15.6 1,428 14,908 9.6 5,223 39,285 13.3 North Carolina 912 9,814 9.3 454 6,524 7.0 1,366 16,338 8.4 North Dakota 42 603 6.9 23 349 6.7 65 952 6.8 Ohio 1,072 12,301 8.7 684 8,189 8.3 1,756 20,490 8.6 Oklahoma 358 3,117 11.5 230 2,329 9.9 588 5,446 10.8 Oregon 501 4,269 11.7 234 2,573 9.1 735 6,842 10.7 Pennsylvania 2,139 15,987 13.4 734 8,757 8.4 2,874 24,744 11.6 Puerto Rico 17 1,719 1.0 205 2,296 8.9 222 4,014 5.5 Rhode Island 224 1,879 11.9 73 787 9.3 298 2,666 11.2 South Carolina 328 4,586 7.2 187 3,140 6.0 515 7,726 6.7 South Dakota 81 660 12.2 26 401 6.4 106 1,061 10.0 Tennessee 692 6,509 10.6 352 4,655 7.6 1,044 11,163 9.4 Texas 3,044 25,549 11.9 1,345 17,216 7.8 4,390 42,765 10.3 Utah 679 3,824 17.8 202 1,691 12.0 881 5,515 16.0 Vermont 81 1,742 4.6 15 338 4.3 95 2,080 4.6 Virgin Islands 0 70 0.0 0 80 0.0 0 150 0.0 Virginia 1,238 10,436 11.9 543 5,848 9.3 1,780 16,284 10.9 Washington 1,256 8,316 15.1 442 4,625 9.5 1,698 12,941 13.1 West Virginia 123 1,388 8.8 46 1,010 4.6 169 2,399 7.0 Wisconsin 670 5,632 11.9 263 3,675 7.2 934 9,307 10.0 Wyoming 14 530 2.6 11 351 3.0 25 881 2.8 Total 43,463 364,928 11.9 19,075 225,794 8.4 62,538 590,722 10.6 NA Not applicable. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.) and Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of December 31, 2006. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 40 Table 20 Telephone Numbers Assigned for Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1993 December 3,155,955 731,438 3,887,393 3,822,607 1994 December 4,948,605 763,235 5,711,840 1,998,160 1995 December 6,700,576 286,487 6,987,063 722,937 1996 December 9,527,982 945,671 10,473,653 5,216,347 1997 December 12,980,714 996,449 13,977,163 1,712,837 1998 December 16,200,883 965,466 17,166,349 6,503,651 1999 December 19,677,001 1,101,964 20,778,965 2,891,035 2000 December 23,022,015 1,178,096 24,200,111 7,449,889 2001 December 23,453,029 1,027,973 24,481,002 7,168,998 2002 December 22,496,215 1,051,232 23,547,447 8,102,553 2003 December 21,108,662 941,520 22,050,182 9,599,818 2004 December 22,159,440 1,145,661 23,305,101 8,344,899 2005 December 22,474,643 957,835 23,432,478 8,217,522 2006 December 22,709,753 756,808 23,466,561 8,183,439 2 Miscellaneous numbers include those in the 800, 888, 877, and 866 service management systems maintained by Database Service Management, Inc., and categorized as reserved, assigned but not yet activated, recently disconnected, or suspended. 1 Toll-free (800) service was initially offered by AT&T in 1967. On May 1, 1993, procedures for routing toll- free calls were changed and 800 numbers were made "portable" so customers who switched service providers could retain their numbers. Due to the growth in demand for toll-free numbers, a new toll-free calling code, 888, was added in March 1996, which made it possible to assign about 8 million new toll- free numbers. A third toll-free calling code, 877, was added in April 1998; and a fourth toll-free code, 866, was added in July 2000. 41 Table 21 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 800 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1993 June 2,589,123 722,006 3,311,129 4,398,871 September 2,818,262 639,547 3,457,809 4,252,191 December 3,155,955 731,438 3,887,393 3,822,607 1994 March 3,516,620 743,813 4,260,433 3,449,567 June 3,933,037 792,698 4,725,735 2,984,265 September 4,506,014 841,381 5,347,395 2,362,605 December 4,948,605 763,235 5,711,840 1,998,160 1995 March 5,528,723 793,771 6,322,494 1,387,506 June 6,340,534 481,633 6,822,167 887,833 September 6,503,018 437,215 6,940,233 769,767 December 6,700,576 286,487 6,987,063 722,937 1996 March 6,907,098 293,244 7,200,342 509,658 June 6,986,821 324,899 7,311,720 398,280 September 7,119,167 310,562 7,429,729 280,271 December 7,272,819 343,905 7,616,724 93,276 1997 March 7,402,769 305,362 7,708,131 1,869 June 7,415,591 293,802 7,709,393 607 September 7,427,717 280,668 7,708,385 1,615 December 7,429,160 267,429 7,696,589 13,411 1998 March 7,455,240 249,964 7,705,204 4,796 June 7,480,468 227,041 7,707,509 2,491 September 7,489,271 219,080 7,708,351 1,649 December 7,487,529 215,267 7,702,796 7,204 1999 March 7,498,527 204,515 7,703,042 6,958 June 7,502,118 207,061 7,709,179 821 September 7,523,302 185,363 7,708,665 1,335 December 7,505,737 202,416 7,708,153 1,847 2000 March 7,516,391 193,246 7,709,637 363 June 7,570,082 139,444 7,709,526 474 September 7,572,091 137,705 7,709,796 204 December 7,566,810 132,887 7,699,697 10,303 2001 March 7,434,621 264,967 7,699,588 10,412 June 7,357,279 242,106 7,599,385 110,615 September 7,383,111 164,881 7,547,992 162,008 December 7,370,055 184,689 7,554,744 155,256 2002 March 7,181,636 400,955 7,582,591 127,409 June 7,234,847 282,005 7,516,852 193,148 September 7,200,821 177,723 7,378,544 331,456 December 7,210,159 203,268 7,413,427 296,573 2003 March 7,182,120 224,536 7,406,656 303,344 June 7,171,068 234,576 7,405,644 304,356 September 7,031,806 222,846 7,254,652 455,348 December 7,089,752 260,807 7,350,559 359,441 2004 March 7,187,381 234,719 7,422,100 287,900 June 7,181,216 187,107 7,368,323 341,677 September 7,262,915 197,252 7,460,167 249,833 December 7,332,085 208,368 7,540,453 169,547 2005 March 7,267,936 234,679 7,502,615 207,385 June 7,163,402 425,206 7,588,608 121,392 September 7,160,678 495,326 7,656,004 53,996 December 7,317,165 277,052 7,594,217 115,783 2006 March 7,416,046 197,083 7,613,129 96,871 June 7,330,416 317,525 7,647,941 62,059 September 7,419,137 279,471 7,698,608 11,392 December 7,445,535 207,672 7,653,207 56,793 See Notes to Table 20. 42 Table 22 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 888 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1996 March 267,874 568,574 836,448 7,143,552 June 922,849 544,079 1,466,928 6,513,072 September 1,641,519 590,345 2,231,864 5,748,136 December 2,255,163 601,766 2,856,929 5,123,071 1997 March 2,857,608 661,164 3,518,772 4,461,228 June 3,660,984 681,981 4,342,965 3,637,035 September 4,776,688 774,431 5,551,119 2,428,881 December 5,551,554 729,020 6,280,574 1,699,426 1998 March 6,167,479 728,415 6,895,894 1,084,106 June 6,591,764 665,496 7,257,260 722,740 September 6,898,718 612,254 7,510,972 469,028 December 7,146,159 515,009 7,661,168 318,832 1999 March 7,278,531 495,904 7,774,435 205,565 June 7,428,424 231,697 7,660,121 319,879 September 7,601,867 211,318 7,813,185 166,815 December 7,643,158 324,405 7,967,563 12,437 2000 March 7,685,423 230,035 7,915,458 64,542 June 7,789,986 140,658 7,930,644 49,356 September 7,806,252 173,588 7,979,840 160 December 7,789,188 177,328 7,966,516 13,484 2001 March 7,616,189 355,451 7,971,640 8,360 June 7,548,761 270,198 7,818,959 161,041 September 7,508,100 203,518 7,711,618 268,382 December 7,452,071 190,727 7,642,798 337,202 2002 March 6,964,624 577,910 7,542,534 437,466 June 6,629,862 354,771 6,984,633 995,367 September 6,682,043 92,050 6,774,093 1,205,907 December 6,610,191 154,015 6,764,206 1,215,794 2003 March 6,408,723 324,558 6,733,281 1,246,719 June 6,228,846 251,701 6,480,547 1,499,453 September 5,818,266 216,862 6,035,128 1,944,872 December 5,711,949 250,662 5,962,611 2,017,389 2004 March 5,680,105 133,824 5,813,929 2,166,071 June 5,640,743 128,141 5,768,884 2,211,116 September 5,716,957 210,068 5,927,025 2,052,975 December 5,563,469 384,320 5,947,789 2,032,211 2005 March 5,465,594 159,097 5,624,691 2,355,309 June 5,306,927 296,729 5,603,656 2,376,344 September 5,314,969 221,122 5,536,091 2,443,909 December 5,265,331 196,817 5,462,148 2,517,852 2006 March 5,049,966 321,175 5,371,141 2,608,859 June 4,930,939 387,726 5,318,665 2,661,335 September 4,923,018 282,840 5,205,858 2,774,142 December 4,894,774 154,764 5,049,538 2,930,462 See Notes to Table 20. 43 Table 23 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 877 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1998 June 552,037 209,967 762,004 7,217,996 September 1,072,046 206,714 1,278,760 6,701,240 December 1,567,195 235,190 1,802,385 6,177,615 1999 March 2,141,228 329,044 2,470,272 5,509,728 June 2,899,466 410,026 3,309,492 4,670,508 September 3,755,361 436,433 4,191,794 3,788,206 December 4,528,106 575,143 5,103,249 2,876,751 2000 March 5,436,297 598,702 6,034,999 1,945,001 June 6,317,507 402,858 6,720,365 1,259,635 September 6,539,180 496,015 7,035,195 944,805 December 6,391,285 719,333 7,110,618 869,382 2001 March 6,289,079 469,980 6,759,059 1,220,941 June 6,094,898 715,097 6,809,995 1,170,005 September 6,163,297 489,084 6,652,381 1,327,619 December 6,214,863 345,468 6,560,331 1,419,669 2002 March 6,174,529 340,472 6,515,001 1,464,999 June 6,016,107 267,320 6,283,427 1,696,573 September 5,656,158 275,722 5,931,880 2,048,120 December 5,448,276 421,984 5,870,260 2,109,740 2003 March 5,132,413 579,240 5,711,653 2,268,347 June 4,791,792 376,236 5,168,028 2,811,972 September 4,617,147 170,787 4,787,934 3,192,066 December 4,536,366 191,410 4,727,776 3,252,224 2004 March 4,528,716 163,856 4,692,572 3,287,428 June 4,550,870 146,826 4,697,696 3,282,304 September 4,537,840 214,197 4,752,037 3,227,963 December 4,551,486 254,082 4,805,568 3,174,432 2005 March 4,590,227 139,089 4,729,316 3,250,684 June 4,498,452 232,477 4,730,929 3,249,071 September 4,476,657 193,315 4,669,972 3,310,028 December 4,424,365 212,543 4,636,908 3,343,092 2006 March 4,387,383 178,974 4,566,357 3,413,643 June 4,227,659 203,501 4,431,160 3,548,840 September 4,216,739 221,090 4,437,829 3,542,171 December 4,158,082 191,476 4,349,558 3,630,442 See Notes to Table 20. 44 Table 24 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 866 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 2000 September 672,250 155,646 827,896 7,152,104 December 1,274,732 148,548 1,423,280 6,556,720 2001 March 1,652,602 361,888 2,014,490 5,965,510 June 1,944,520 362,880 2,307,400 5,672,600 September 2,256,792 308,801 2,565,593 5,414,407 December 2,416,040 307,089 2,723,129 5,256,871 2002 March 2,640,414 321,530 2,961,944 5,018,056 June 2,864,605 219,232 3,083,837 4,896,163 September 2,977,379 244,297 3,221,676 4,758,324 December 3,227,589 271,965 3,499,554 4,480,446 2003 March 3,461,686 299,700 3,761,386 4,218,614 June 3,486,674 420,477 3,907,151 4,072,849 September 3,609,244 265,446 3,874,690 4,105,310 December 3,770,595 238,641 4,009,236 3,970,764 2004 March 3,966,922 231,683 4,198,605 3,781,395 June 4,281,378 263,560 4,544,938 3,435,062 September 4,476,150 281,577 4,757,727 3,222,273 December 4,712,400 298,891 5,011,291 2,968,709 2005 March 5,015,324 267,412 5,282,736 2,697,264 June 5,047,314 487,471 5,534,785 2,445,215 September 5,259,730 352,226 5,611,956 2,368,044 December 5,467,782 271,423 5,739,205 2,240,795 2006 March 5,613,475 211,021 5,824,496 2,155,504 June 5,803,923 205,051 6,008,974 1,971,026 September 6,078,119 160,737 6,238,856 1,741,144 December 6,201,362 212,896 6,414,258 1,565,742 See Notes to Table 20. 45 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened 205 Alabama Jan-47 229 Georgia Aug-00 651 Minnesota Jul-98 814 Pennsylvania Jan-47 334 Alabama Jan-95 478 Georgia Aug-00 763 Minnesota Feb-00 610 Pennsylvania Jan-94 256 Alabama Mar-98 762 Georgia May-06 952 Minnesota Feb-00 724 Pennsylvania Feb-98 251 Alabama Jun-01 671 Guam Jul-97 601 Mississippi Jan-47 570 Pennsylvania Dec-98 907 Alaska Jan-57 808 Hawaii Jan-57 228 Mississippi Sep-97 484 Pennsylvania Jun-99 684 American Somoa Oct-04 208 Idaho Jan-47 662 Mississippi Apr-99 267 Pennsylvania Jul-99 602 Arizona Jan-47 217 Illinois Jan-47 769 Mississippi Mar-05 878 Pennsylvania Aug-01 520 Arizona Mar-95 312 Illinois Jan-47 314 Missouri Jan-47 787 Puerto Rico Mar-96 480 Arizona Mar-99 618 Illinois Jan-47 816 Missouri Jan-47 939 Puerto Rico Sep-01 623 Arizona Mar-99 815 Illinois Jan-47 417 Missouri Jan-50 401 Rhode Island Jan-47 928 Arizona Jun-01 309 Illinois Jan-57 573 Missouri Jan-96 803 South Carolina Jan-47 501 Arkansas Jan-47 708 Illinois Nov-89 660 Missouri Oct-97 864 South Carolina Dec-95 870 Arkansas Apr-97 847 Illinois Jan-96 636 Missouri May-99 843 South Carolina Mar-98 479 Arkansas Jan-02 630 Illinois Aug-96 406 Montana Jan-47 605 South Dakota Jan-47 213 California Jan-47 773 Illinois Oct-96 402 Nebraska Jan-47 901 Tennessee Jan-47 415 California Jan-47 224 Illinois Jan-02 308 Nebraska Jan-55 615 Tennessee Jan-54 916 California Jan-47 779 Illinois Mar-07 702 Nevada Jan-47 423 Tennessee Sep-95 714 California Jan-51 219 Indiana Jan-47 775 Nevada Dec-98 931 Tennessee Sep-97 805 California Jan-57 317 Indiana Jan-47 603 New Hampshire Jan-47 865 Tennessee Nov-99 209 California Jan-58 812 Indiana Jan-47 201 New Jersey Jan-47 731 Tennessee Feb-01 408 California Jan-59 765 Indiana Feb-97 609 New Jersey Jan-57 214 Texas Jan-47 707 California Jan-59 260 Indiana Jan-02 908 New Jersey Nov-90 512 Texas Jan-47 619 California Jan-82 574 Indiana Jan-02 732 New Jersey Jun-97 713 Texas Jan-47 818 California Jan-84 319 Iowa Jan-47 973 New Jersey Jun-97 915 Texas Jan-47 510 California Sep-91 515 Iowa Jan-47 856 New Jersey Jun-99 817 Texas Jan-53 310 California Nov-91 712 Iowa Jan-47 551 New Jersey Dec-01 806 Texas Jan-57 909 California Nov-92 641 Iowa Jul-00 848 New Jersey Dec-01 409 Texas Nov-82 562 California Jan-97 563 Iowa Mar-01 862 New Jersey Dec-01 903 Texas Nov-90 760 California Mar-97 316 Kansas Jan-47 505 New Mexico Jan-47 210 Texas Nov-92 626 California Jun-97 913 Kansas Jan-47 212 New York Jan-47 972 Texas Sep-96 650 California Aug-97 785 Kansas Jul-97 315 New York Jan-47 281 Texas Nov-96 530 California Nov-97 620 Kansas Feb-01 518 New York Jan-47 254 Texas May-97 925 California Mar-98 502 Kentucky Jan-47 716 New York Jan-47 940 Texas May-97 949 California Apr-98 606 Kentucky Jan-55 914 New York Jan-47 830 Texas Jul-97 323 California Jun-98 270 Kentucky Apr-99 516 New York Jan-51 956 Texas Jul-97 831 California Jul-98 859 Kentucky Apr-00 607 New York Jan-54 832 Texas Jan-99 559 California Nov-98 504 Louisiana Jan-47 718 New York Sep-84 361 Texas Feb-99 661 California Feb-99 318 Louisiana Jan-57 917 New York Jan-92 469 Texas Jul-99 858 California Jun-99 225 Louisiana Aug-98 646 New York Jul-99 936 Texas Feb-00 951 California Jul-04 337 Louisiana Oct-99 347 New York Oct-99 979 Texas Feb-00 424 California Aug-06 985 Louisiana Feb-01 631 New York Nov-99 682 Texas Oct-00 303 Colorado Jan-47 207 Maine Jan-47 845 New York Jun-00 430 Texas Feb-03 719 Colorado Mar-88 301 Maryland Jan-47 585 New York Nov-01 325 Texas Apr-03 970 Colorado Apr-95 410 Maryland Oct-91 704 North Carolina Jan-47 432 Texas Apr-03 720 Colorado Jun-98 240 Maryland Jun-97 919 North Carolina Jan-54 801 Utah Jan-47 203 Connecticut Jan-47 443 Maryland Jun-97 910 North Carolina Nov-93 435 Utah Sep-97 860 Connecticut Aug-95 413 Massachusetts Jan-47 336 North Carolina Dec-97 802 Vermont Jan-47 302 Delaware Jan-47 617 Massachusetts Jan-47 252 North Carolina Mar-98 340 Virgin Islands Jun-97 202 DC Jan-47 508 Massachusetts Jul-88 828 North Carolina Mar-98 703 Virginia Jan-47 305 Florida Jan-47 781 Massachusetts Sep-97 980 North Carolina Apr-01 804 Virginia Jun-73 813 Florida Jan-53 978 Massachusetts Sep-97 701 North Dakota Jan-47 540 Virginia Jul-95 904 Florida Jul-65 339 Massachusetts May-01 670 Northern Marianas Is. Jul-97 757 Virginia Jul-96 407 Florida Apr-88 351 Massachusetts May-01 216 Ohio Jan-47 571 Virginia Mar-00 941 Florida May-95 774 Massachusetts May-01 419 Ohio Jan-47 434 Virginia Jun-01 954 Florida Sep-95 857 Massachusetts May-01 513 Ohio Jan-47 276 Virginia Sep-01 352 Florida Dec-95 313 Michigan Jan-47 614 Ohio Jan-47 206 Washington Jan-47 561 Florida May-96 517 Michigan Jan-47 330 Ohio Mar-96 509 Washington Jan-57 850 Florida Jun-97 616 Michigan Jan-47 937 Ohio Sep-96 360 Washington Jan-95 786 Florida Mar-98 906 Michigan Jan-61 440 Ohio Aug-97 253 Washington Apr-97 727 Florida Jul-98 810 Michigan Dec-93 740 Ohio Dec-97 425 Washington Apr-97 863 Florida Sep-99 248 Michigan May-97 234 Ohio Oct-00 304 West Virginia Jan-47 321 Florida Nov-99 734 Michigan Dec-97 567 Ohio Jan-02 414 Wisconsin Jan-47 386 Florida Feb-01 231 Michigan Jun-99 405 Oklahoma Jan-47 715 Wisconsin Jan-47 754 Florida Aug-01 989 Michigan Apr-01 918 Oklahoma Jan-53 608 Wisconsin Jan-55 772 Florida Feb-02 586 Michigan Sep-01 580 Oklahoma Nov-97 920 Wisconsin Jul-97 239 Florida Mar-02 269 Michigan Jul-02 503 Oregon Jan-47 262 Wisconsin Sep-99 404 Georgia Jan-47 947 Michigan Sep-02 541 Oregon Nov-95 307 Wyoming Jan-47 912 Georgia Jan-54 218 Minnesota Jan-47 971 Oregon Oct-00 706 Georgia May-92 612 Minnesota Jan-47 215 Pennsylvania Jan-47 770 Georgia Aug-95 507 Minnesota Jan-54 412 Pennsylvania Jan-47 678 Georgia Jan-98 320 Minnesota Mar-96 717 Pennsylvania Jan-47 Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator. Table 25 Area Codes by State (1947 - 2007) 46 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2007) Previous Added Location Date Code Code Texas (Houston) Jan-99 713 832 California Feb-99 805 661 Texas Feb-99 512 361 Arizona Mar-99 602 480 Arizona Mar-99 602 623 Kentucky Apr-99 502 270 Mississippi Apr-99 601 662 Alberta May-99 403 780 Missouri May-99 314 636 Michigan Jun-99 616 231 Pennsylvania Jun-99 610 484 California Jun-99 619 858 New Jersey Jun-99 609 856 New York (Manhattan) Jul-99 212 646 Pennsylvania Jul-99 215 267 Texas (Dallas) Jul-99 214 469 Florida Sep-99 941 863 Wisconsin Sep-99 414 262 New York Oct-99 718 347 Louisiana Oct-99 318 337 Florida Nov-99 407 321 New York Nov-99 516 631 Tennessee Nov-99 423 865 Texas Feb-00 409 936 Texas Feb-00 409 979 Minnesota Feb-00 612 763 Minnesota Feb-00 612 952 Virginia Mar-00 703 571 Kentucky Apr-00 606 859 New York Jun-00 914 845 Iowa Jul-00 515 641 Georgia Aug-00 912 229 Georgia Aug-00 912 478 Oregon Oct-00 503 971 Texas Oct-00 817 682 Ohio Oct-00 330 234 Kansas Feb-01 316 620 Louisiana Feb-01 504 985 Tennessee Feb-01 901 731 Florida Feb-01 904 386 Ontario Mar-01 416 647 Iowa Mar-01 319 563 North Carolina Apr-01 704 980 Michigan Apr-01 517 989 Massachusetts May-01 508 774 47 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2007) Massachusetts May-01 617 857 Massachusetts May-01 781 339 Massachusetts May-01 978 351 Virginia Jun-01 804 434 Ontario Jun-01 905 289 Alabama Jun-01 334 251 Arizona Jun-01 520 928 Florida Aug-01 954 754 Pennsylvania Aug-01 412 878 Virginia Sep-01 540 276 Puerto Rico Sep-01 787 939 Michigan Sep-01 810 586 British Columbia Nov-01 604 778 New York Nov-01 716 585 New Jersey Dec-01 201 551 New Jersey Dec-01 732 848 New Jersey Dec-01 973 862 Ohio Jan-02 419 567 Illinois Jan-02 847 224 Indiana Jan-02 219 260 Indiana Jan-02 219 574 Arkansas Jan-02 501 479 Florida Feb-02 561 772 Florida Mar-02 941 239 Michigan Jul-02 616 269 Michigan Sep-02 248 947 Texas Feb-03 903 430 Texas Apr-03 915 325 Texas Apr-03 915 432 California Jul-04 909 951 Mississippi Mar-05 601 769 Dominican Republic Aug-05 809 829 Georgia May-06 706 762 California Aug-06 310 424 Ontario Oct-06 519 226 Quebec Nov-06 514 438 Illinois Mar-07 815 779 Note: For years 1984 - 1998, see Industry Analysis Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Trends in Telephone Service (August 2003). Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA), which can be accessed at www.nanpa.com. 48 Table 27 Number of Digits Necessary to Dial Local and Toll Calls in the US (As of December 2006) Local Calls Toll Calls Toll Calls Within Same Between Within Same Between Require State Area Code Area Codes Area Code Area Codes Dialing 1 + Alabama 7 1 10 2 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Alaska 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arizona 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arkansas 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes California 7 3 1 + 10 7 3 1 + 10 No Colorado 7 4 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Connecticut 7 5 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Delaware 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes District of Columbia 7 10 NA 1 + 10 Yes Florida 7 6 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Georgia 7 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Hawaii 7 NA 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Idaho 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Illinois 7 8 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Indiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Iowa 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kansas 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kentucky 7 10 9 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Louisiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Maine 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No Maryland 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Massachusetts 10 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Michigan 7 11 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Minnesota 7 10 12 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Mississippi 7 13 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Missouri 7 14 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Montana 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nebraska 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nevada 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New Hampshire 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No New Jersey 10 15 1 + 10 10 15 1 + 10 No New Mexico 7 NA 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New York 7 16 1 + 10 7 16 1 + 10 No North Carolina 7 17 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes North Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Ohio 7 18 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oklahoma 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oregon 10 19 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Pennsylvania 10 20 1 + 10 21 10 20 1 + 10 No Rhode Island 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No South Carolina 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes South Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Tennessee 7 10 22 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Texas 7 23 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Utah 7 10 24 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Vermont 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Virginia 7 25 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Washington 7 26 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes West Virginia 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wisconsin 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wyoming 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes NA - Not Applicable. Source: NPA database. The database is available at www.nanpa.com/area_codes/index.html. 49 Notes to Table 27 1 In area code 659, 10-digit dialing is used. 2 In area code 659, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 3 In area codes 424 and 310, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 4 In area codes 303 and 720, 10-digit dialing is used. 5 In area codes 475 and 959, 10-digit dialing is used. 6 In area codes 305, 321, 407, 689, 754, 786, and 954, 10-digit dialing is used. 7 In area codes 404, 470, 678, 762, 706 and 770, 10-digit dialing is used. 8 In area codes 224, 331, 872, 464, 447 and 847, 1+ 10-digit dialing is used. 9 In area codes 270 and 502, 7-digit dialing is used. 10 In area code 413, 7-digit dialing is used. 11 In area codes 248, 679 and 947, 10-digit dialing is used. 12 In area codes 218, 320, and 507, 7-digit dialing is used. 13 In area codes 601 and 769, 10-digit dialing is used. 14 In area codes 557 and 975, 10-digit dialing is used. 15 In area codes 609, 856, and 908, 7-digit dialing is used. 16 In area codes 212, 347, 646, 718, and 917, 1+10 digit dialing is used. 17 In area codes 704, 980 and 984, 10-digit dialing is used. 18 In area codes 234, 283, 330, 380, 419, and 567, 10-digit dialing is used. 19 In area code 541, 7-digit dialing is used. 20 In area codes 570, 717, and 814, 7-digit dialing is used. 21 In some area codes, local calls to some other area codes may be dialed using 10 digits. 22 In area codes 615 and 931, 7-digit dialing is used. 23 In area codes 214, 281, 430, 469, 682, 713, 817, 832, 903, and 972, 10-digit dialing is used. 24 In area code 435, 7-digit dialing is used. 25 In area codes 571 and 703, 10-digit dialing is used. 26 In area code 564, 10-digit dialing is used. 50 Customer Response Publication: Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States (NRUF data as of June 30, 2006). 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