Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States NRUF data as of December 31, 2006 Porting and Toll-Free data as of June 30, 2007 Craig Stroup and John Vu Industry Analysis and Technology Division Wireline Competition Bureau Federal Communications Commission February 2008 This report is available for reference in the FCC's Reference Information Center, Courtyard Level, 445 12th Street SW, Washington, DC 20554. Several private firms specialize in locating, duplicating, and distributing FCC documents. Documents may be purchased by calling Best Copy and Printing, Inc. at (202) 488-5300 or via their website at www.bcpiweb.com. This and many other useful reports can also be downloaded from the Wireline Competition Bureau Statistical Reports Internet site at www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 2 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States NRUF Data as of December 31, 2006 Porting and Toll-Free Data as of June 30, 2007 Executive Summary This is the Federal Communications Commission’s report on numbering resource utilization in the United States. 1 In this report, we summarize an ongoing systematic collection of comprehensive data on the utilization of telephone numbers within the United States. The underlying information was acquired from carriers holding numbering resources and was analyzed as part of our ongoing assessment of the efficacy of numbering resource optimization measures prescribed by the Commission’s Numbering Resource Optimization (NRO) Orders. 2 Findings As of December 31, 2006: • Overall, 44.2% of all telephone numbers were assigned to end users. • The overall utilization rate for Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (ILECs) was 49.3%, down from 50.2% six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Cellular/PCS carriers was 63.3%, up from 60.4% six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (CLECs) was 21.5%, up from 20.5% six months earlier. • Thousands-block pooling has made it unnecessary to distribute about 310 million telephone numbers. 1 The previous edition of this report, with data as of June 30, 2006, was released in January 2007. 2 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 15 FCC Rcd 7574 (2000) (First NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, Second Report and Order, Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, and Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 16 FCC Rcd 306 (2000) (Second NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Third Report and Order and Second Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, 17 FCC Rcd 252 (2001) (Third NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Fourth Report and Order in CC Docket No. 99-200 and CC Docket No. 95-116, and Fourth Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 18 FCC Rcd 12472 (2003) (Fourth NRO Order). 3 • In the second half of 2006, carriers returned 3.25 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. • In the first half of 2007, carriers returned 3.65 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. • Utahans port their numbers the most, porting 16.1% of their assigned numbers. Californians and Minnesotans are next, with 14.4% of assigned numbers ported. Background The United States uses ten-digit telephone numbers, which are organized in accordance with the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). 3 The NANP divides the country into separate geographic areas called numbering plan areas (NPAs), more commonly called area codes. Calls between these areas are generally dialed using the three-digit area code, followed by a seven-digit local telephone number. When the NANP was established in 1947, only 78 area codes were assigned to carriers in the United States. Only 36 new codes were added through 1989. But the rate of activation increased dramatically. In the 1990s, 109 new area codes were activated in the United States. 4 Because the remaining supply of unassigned area codes is diminishing, and because a premature exhaust of area codes imposes significant costs on consumers, the Commission has taken a number of steps to ensure that the limited numbering resources are used efficiently. Among other things, the Commission requires carriers to submit data on numbering resource utilization and forecasts twice a year. The information is submitted using FCC Form 502, which is known as the Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast (NRUF) form. 5 Carriers controlling numbering resources for the purpose of providing services to their customers are required to file their NRUF forms with the North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA) 6 by February 1 and August 1 of each year. 7 3 The North American Numbering Plan is used in the United States and its territories, and in Canada, Bermuda, and many Caribbean nations, including Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The data contained in this report are all limited to the United States and its overseas territories. 4 NeuStar, Inc. publishes a database containing information about each area code on its website: http://www.nanpa.com/npa/allnpas.zip. 5 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order, 15 FCC Rcd 17005, 17006, n. 9 (2000) (July 2000 NRO Order). FCC Form 502 and most other FCC forms can be downloaded via www.fcc.gov/formpage.html. 6 The current NANPA is NeuStar, Inc. 7 First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7603, para. 67. 4 The administrator compiles the information submitted into a database and provides that database to the Commission. 8 The information in this report presents number utilization as of December 31, 2006. It reflects all corrections and submissions that the NANPA received through May 15, 2007. 9 Historically, local telephone companies received geographic numbers in blocks of 10,000. These blocks of 10,000 numbers are often called NXXs, or central office codes, and are identifiable as the first three digits of a seven-digit telephone number. 10 One of the recent efforts to improve the efficiency with which numbers are used is “thousands-block number pooling,” where an NXX is broken into ten sequential blocks of 1,000 numbers. Carriers may then be required to donate unused or underutilized blocks to a pooling administrator, which then assigns those thousands-blocks to other carriers in need of numbers. 11 This effectively allows the assignment of numbers in blocks of 1,000 rather than 10,000. Most carriers are required to report their telephone number usage at the thousands-block level so that the Commission can evaluate the efficacy of telephone number pooling. Carriers that meet the statutory definition of “rural telephone company” 12 and operate in non-pooling areas are required to submit their number usage at the NXX level. In this report, we present utilization data for four types of carriers: 13 • Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (ILECs) • Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (CLECs) • Cellular/PCS Carriers • Paging Carriers 8 The NANPA’s database is continually updated because not all carriers file by the prescribed date, and because carriers sometimes file updated information throughout the year. 9 Not all carriers filed their NRUF forms by the February 1, 2007 deadline. 10 A ten-thousands block is the block of 10,000 telephone numbers that have the same area code and the same NXX. 11 The current pooling administrator is NeuStar, Inc., which is also the NANPA. See Federal Communications Commission's Common Carrier Bureau Selects NeuStar, Inc. as National Thousands-Block Number Pooling Administrator, Press Release (rel. June 18, 2001). 12 47 U.S.C. § 153(37). 13 Carriers classified themselves in a variety of ways on their NRUF forms. With one exception, each carrier type was aggregated into one of these four categories for the purposes of this report. The exception involves carriers calling themselves interexchange carriers. These carriers reported data for area codes 500 and 900, which are summarized in Table 10 of this report. Therefore, there was no need to classify interexchange carriers as one of the four carrier types listed above. Also, carriers may provide multiple types of services, and may be doing so under a single operating company number. Where this occurs, this may cause a problem because carriers must indicate only their primary line of business on FCC Form 502. Thus, for example, there is some potential that some numbers are classified as cellular but are really used for paging. Only small carriers seem to do this, so the effects of this misclassification should be minor. 5 Carriers report on numbering resources in the following six categories: • assigned • intermediate • reserved • aging • administrative • available An assigned number is one that is in use by an end-user customer. Intermediate numbers are those that one carrier has made available for use by another carrier (or to a non-carrier) so that the numbers may then be assigned to an end user. Reserved numbers are those that are being held by the service provider at the request of an end user for future use. Aging numbers are those that are being held out of use by the carrier for a period of time after the end user that last used them discontinues service. Administrative numbers include test numbers and other numbers used for network purposes. Available numbers are numbers that are generally available for assignment to customers. 14 Some carriers receive telephone numbers from other carriers. When this occurs, the carrier that received its numbers from another carrier (as opposed to directly from the NANPA) is required to report utilization data for those numbers, and to mark those numbers as having been received from other carriers. 15 The vast majority of numbering resources reported were part of geographic area codes. That is, the numbers were part of area codes that are associated with specific regions of the United States or another country. For instance, area code 406 is associated with Montana, and area code 506 is associated with New Brunswick, Canada. Carriers are also required to report on utilization of some non-geographic area codes, such as 500 numbers and 900 numbers (which are described later in this report). Carriers use other types of non-geographic numbering resources as well: millions of numbers are used to provide toll-free services using non-geographic area codes such as 800, 888, 877 and 866. These numbering resources are managed separately. 14 For precise definitions of these categories, see 47 C.F.R. § 52.15. 15 This means that sometimes more than one carrier can report utilization data for the same thousands-block (or ten-thousands block). Carriers receiving numbers from another carrier are required to report utilization data for those numbers on a different page (of FCC Form 502) than the page that carriers use to report numbers received directly from the NANPA. Not all carriers that received numbers from other carriers filed on the correct page, however, so within the database it can appear that more than one carrier has reported data for the same block of numbers. Carriers that receive numbers from other carriers are also required to report on any telephone numbers received from the NANPA. 6 Analysis and Results Table 1 shows the total quantity of telephone numbers reported by the carriers and the number of 10,000 blocks (or NXXs) that were reported. Table 1 also shows the quantity of telephone numbers that carriers reported for each of the six categories described above. The percentages for each of the six categories are provided as well. Carriers have reported usage data on about 134,000 NXXs. This is up from the 133,000 NXXs from the previous filing (data for June 30, 2006). As the NANPA calculates that about 134,500 NXXs have been assigned to United States carriers, 16 this round of submissions (data for December 31, 2006) appears to have garnered usable information on over 99% of the numbering resources assigned to carriers in the United States. Although the reporting level is high, many carriers still had not provided usable utilization data by May 15, 2007, the cut-off date for inclusion in this report. Carriers filing FCC Forms 502 reported that about 616 million telephone numbers were assigned to end users, and that 691 million were available for assignment. Thus, the quantity of numbers available for assignment exceeds the number already assigned to end users. These 691 million available numbers do not include any telephone numbers in NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. As more NXXs are assigned to carriers by the NANPA, and more area codes are opened, more numbers will become available. Intermediate, reserved, aging and administrative categories collectively account for another 86 million telephone numbers of the NXXs assigned to carriers. The quantity of ILEC assigned numbers is down slightly, reflecting the decreasing number of ILEC lines. 17 The quantity of cellular/PCS assigned numbers is up, reflecting that sector’s growth. The quantity of CLEC assigned numbers continues to rise, in part, because of telephone service provided through voice over Internet protocol (VoIP). Table 2 presents utilization statistics for carriers reporting at the thousands-block level (carriers that do not meet the statutory definition of a rural carrier are required to report at the thousands- block level). Table 3 presents statistics for rural carriers, which are required to report only at the 10,000 block level. 18 As might be expected, overall utilization rates are lower in rural areas (15% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users) than in more urban areas (46% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users). Table 4 shows utilization statistics on a state-by-state basis. As might be expected, states that are relatively rural and have low population densities have a lower percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end-user customers than in more urban, populous states. Again, carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include any of the NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. 16 The NANPA lists the codes that have been issued on their web site: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. 17 See Table 1 of the most recent Local Telephone Competition report at http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/comp.html. 18 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7604-05, para. 71. A small number of rural carriers may operate in areas with pooling. As all carriers in pooling areas are required to report at the thousands-block level, rural carriers in pooling areas, if any, should be included in Table 2 rather than Table 3. 7 Table 5 shows the number of carriers reporting telephone number utilization data for each state. Carriers are required to report their NRUF data at the operating company number (OCN) level. 19 Carriers typically obtain one or more OCNs per state in which they operate. The number of carriers in each state is determined by counting the number of OCNs reported in each state. Table 6 shows utilization statistics on an area code-by-area code basis. The table also shows the total number of OCNs reported in each area code. Again, carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include any of the NXXs in the state that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. Table 7 shows actual quantities of assigned, aging and available numbers for wireline carriers (ILECs and CLECs), and for cellular/PCS carriers (wireless carriers). This information is presented on an area code-by-area code basis. The information in Table 7 is useful for at least two reasons. First, while there is no information on the number of working telephone lines in each area code, Table 7 provides at least some indication of what these numbers are. For several reasons, however, the number of working lines per area code cannot be perfectly divined from this information. Although cellular/PCS carriers typically assign one geographic telephone number to each subscriber, wireline carriers sometimes do not. Some wireline customers want multiple telephone numbers associated with a smaller number of lines. This is common when the customer has a PBX. Other customers, especially those expecting many inbound calls, such as from a help line, want a single telephone number that serves many lines. Thus, the quantity of telephone numbers in an area code provides only a rough guide to the number of lines served in each area code. Second, the information in Table 7 provides the only information available for examining churn. 20 After a customer disconnects from a carrier’s network and chooses not to port the number to another carrier, that carrier will hold that number out of circulation (“age” the number) for up to ninety days if the customer was a residential subscriber, and up to one year if the customer was a business subscriber. Therefore, the quantity of aging numbers gives some indication of the number of customers that have disconnected from the carrier’s network in the previous three months to a year. For several reasons, aging numbers, however, do not give a perfect indication of churn. Aside from not measuring numbers ported to another carrier, not all carriers age their numbers for the full time allowed. In particular, where carriers cannot immediately obtain new numbers from the NANPA or the pooling administrator because of area code rationing, and the carriers have no other available numbers to assign to end users, carriers may assign end users telephone numbers that have not been aged for the full time that the states have prescribed. (Thousands-block pooling alleviates this problem by making more numbering resources available.) Moreover, as mentioned in the previous paragraph, wireline carriers do not always issue one telephone number per line. Thus, as with line counts, churn rates can only be roughly estimated from the data in Table 7. 19 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7594, para. 41. Carriers obtain OCNs from the National Exchange Carrier Association. 20 Churn is the rate at which customers change carriers or disconnect service. 8 Table 8 focuses on telephone number pooling. A thousands-block is potentially poolable when 90% or more of the numbers are classified as available for assignment. Pooling is required in the top 100 MSAs. 21 Pooling also is occurring in other areas where a state commission has exercised delegated authority to require pooling. 22 Carriers also have voluntarily implemented pooling in certain areas. The Commission established an initial roll-out schedule for thousands-block number pooling for wireline carriers, which was completed in December 2003. 23 Table 8 shows the number of thousands-blocks that carriers have received from the Pooling Administrator. Table 8 also shows the total number of thousands-blocks in rate centers where pooling exists, and shows the percentage of those thousands blocks that are pooled. Wireless carriers are listed separately from CLECs and ILECs because wireless carriers started porting on November 24, 2003. Table 9 examines the efficacy of thousands-block pooling. Table 9 shows the utilization of the thousands-blocks that were distributed by the Pooling Administrator, and the utilization rate that would have resulted had whole NXXs been issued. 24 Overall, if whole NXXs had been issued instead of individual thousands-blocks, utilization within those blocks would have been 18.7%. With pooling, however, utilization was 60.2%, more than a three-fold increase. Another way of measuring the benefit of pooling is examining the quantity of telephone numbers saved through pooling. With pooling, 140 million telephone numbers were distributed to carriers in pooling areas. Had there been no pooling, nearly 450 million telephone numbers would have been distributed to the carriers. Thus, about 310 million telephone numbers have been saved through thousands-block pooling. Table 10 shows utilization data for two specialized nongeographic area codes: 500 and 900. Area code 500 is used for “follow me” service, which, among other things, can be used to route an incoming call to different phone numbers, depending on the time of day. Area code 900 is used for information services where the caller is not charged the normal long distance rates set 21 The composition of MSAs may change over time. If a rate center is part of a top 100 MSA at any time after 1990, then the FCC generally requires number pooling. See Fourth NRO Order, 18 FCC Rcd at 12473, para. 2. 22 Most recently, the Commission granted authority to the Idaho, Alabama and Wisconsin commissions to expand pooling to areas outside of the top 100 MSAs. See Numbering Resource Optimization; Implementation of the Local Competition Provisions of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, WC Docket 07-118, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, Order, 22 FCC Rcd 16081 (2007). The Commission also has sought comment on whether it should delegate authority to all states to implement mandatory pooling. See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order and Fifth Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 21 FCC Rcd 1833 (2006). 23 See The Common Carrier Bureau Announces The First Quarter Schedule For National Thousands-Block Number Pooling, CC Docket No. 99-200, Public Notice, 17 FCC Rcd 103 (2001). See also Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order, 17 FCC Rcd 7347 (2002). 24 Calculating the utilization rate had whole NXXs been issued was a 4-step process: 1) the number of thousands-blocks that a carrier held in a rate center was determined; 2) that number was rounded up to the next ten, which is the number of thousands-blocks the carrier would have received if it had received whole NXXs; 3) the number in step 2 was multiplied by 1,000 to calculate the total quantity of telephone numbers the carrier would have had in the rate center; 4) the number of telephone numbers that the carrier actually has in that rate center is then subtracted from the quantity calculated in step 3. 9 by the caller’s long distance carrier, but usually is charged much higher prices that are preset by the call’s recipient. Figures 1 through 4 focus on utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands-blocks that the carriers hold within a local geographic area. 25 We have used rate centers as our measure of local geographic area because thousands blocks are assigned to carriers on a rate- center basis. 26 Carriers serving densely populated areas may need more than one thousands block (each thousands block contains one thousand numbers) to provide service. In these densely populated areas, carriers should generally be able to achieve higher utilization rates than carriers serving less densely populated areas, where one thousands block (or in many rural areas, a whole NXX) may be used to serve just a few customers. Figure 1 shows average ILEC utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands-blocks in a rate center held by a carrier. The points in the figures were calculated using a three-step process. First, thousands-blocks were grouped depending on the number of thousands-blocks held by a carrier within a rate center. Second, the number of thousands-blocks held in a rate center was rounded to the nearest ten, to help protect the confidentiality of the data. Third, the average utilization rates were calculated for each of the groups (i.e., from the group of 10 thousands-blocks per rate center through the group of 1,000 thousands-blocks per rate center). 27 For example, for all instances where a carrier reported from 5 to 14 (which round to 10) thousands-blocks in a rate center, the average utilization rate was calculated. A similar average utilization rate was calculated for all instances where, for a carrier in a rate center, the number of thousands-blocks in a rate center was rounded to 20, 30, and so on through 1,000. To preserve carrier confidentiality, some data points have been collapsed into a single data point. For example, if there were only two companies with 350 thousands-blocks in a rate center, and another two companies with 360 thousands-blocks in a rate center, those data points were collapsed. This way, no carrier-specific data are released. Figures 2 through 4 show the same information for Cellular/PCS carriers, CLECs, and paging carriers. Table 11 focuses on NPA-NXX assignment information. There are three different databases that contain sources of NPA-NXX assignment information: NANPA’s NRUF database, NANPA’s NANP Administration System (NAS) database of NPA-NXX assignments, and the Local Exchange Routing Guide (LERG). 28 For a variety of reasons, the databases are not identical. Timing is a large factor in the differences. For instance, during an area code split, a carrier will maintain both the old and new NPA-NXXs in its systems during the phase called 25 For the purposes of these figures, the utilization rate is defined as the number of telephone numbers assigned to end- user customers divided by 1,000 (the number of telephone numbers in the thousands block). 26 A rate center is a geographic area used to determine distances and prices for local and long distance calls. 27 In order to prevent disclosure of proprietary information, we have grouped some individual data points into clusters so that the specific utilization data for individual carriers cannot be divined by comparing the individual plot points with other data sources. 28 The NANPA’s assignment information can be found online: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. The analysis in Table 11 examines only those codes that NANPA marked “assigned” (i.e., this study does not examine those codes marked “protected”, “reserved”, “unassignable”, or “vacant”). The LERG is published monthly by Telcordia Technologies. 10 permissive dialing. 29 After permissive dialing ends, the carrier should remove the old NPA- NXXs from its systems. During permissive dialing, some carriers report utilization data for both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Further, some carriers may not remove the old NPA- NXXs from their systems promptly after permissive dialing ends, and may therefore report utilization data on both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Also, carriers sometimes delay updating the LERG after an NPA-NXX has been removed from their switch or when the carrier has given the NPA-NXX back to the NANPA. Thus, the NRUF database, the LERG and the NANPA assignment database may not be identical. Table 11 shows the number of NPA-NXXs that appear in the three databases. Table 12 shows the percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end users over time. The only clear trend is that the utilization rate for paging continues to drop because the paging market is shrinking. Cellular/PCS and CLEC utilization rates are generally increasing. Table 13 shows, on a quarterly basis, the number of NXX assignments made by the NANPA, the number of NXXs that have been returned to the NANPA, and the number of net NXX assignments to carriers. The table shows that fewer NXXs generally are being issued each quarter, and that carriers continue to return unneeded NPA-NXXs to the NANPA for reassignment. Tables 14 through 16 display information on telephone number porting. All telephone number porting information in this report is derived from the local number portability database, which was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. 30 There are several reasons that the quantity of ported numbers in the database at any given time does not equal the sum of numbers ported in prior months. When consumers who have already ported their telephone numbers do so again, the porting database retains only the most recent porting activity for those numbers. Consumers can also port their numbers back to the original carrier. 31 When this happens, it is counted as a port even though the number drops out of the porting database. 32 Table 14 shows, on a monthly basis, the quantities of telephone numbers that have been ported since wireless porting started on November 24, 2003. The table shows that most porting activity is intramodal, that is between two landline carriers or between two mobile carriers. Table 15 shows the quantity of telephone numbers in the porting database at the end of each quarter. Table 16 is based on ports in the database as of December 31, 2006, and shows the quarter in which the numbers were ported. 29 During permissive dialing, a phone number may be called by using either the old or the new NPA. 30 NeuStar, Inc. is the portability administrator. NeuStar operates seven different porting databases. Commission staff combines information from these databases into a single database. 31 When a customer who is using a ported number discontinues service entirely, the ported number also goes back to the original carrier. 32 Area code splits can cause a number that was at one time ported from Carrier A to Carrier B to appear to be reported from Carrier A to Carrier B, as the database record must be updated to reflect the new area code. When this happens, the old porting record also disappears from the database. 11 Table 17 shows the number of ports in the database on a state-by-state basis, and Table 18 shows the number of carriers involved in porting on a state-by-state basis. Table 19 shows the percentage of assigned numbers that were ported. 33 Tables 20 through 24 show information about toll-free numbers in the North American Numbering Plan. AT&T introduced toll-free service in 1967. The Commission changed procedures for routing toll-free calls on May 1, 1993 to make toll-free numbers "portable." This change enabled customers to switch service providers yet still retain their toll-free numbers. Table 20 shows that, between 1993 and 2000, the quantity of assigned toll-free numbers grew rapidly: growing from 3.9 million in 1993 to 24.2 million in 2000. New toll-free calling codes were opened to meet the demand. In March 1996, calling code 888 was placed into service. The third toll-free calling code (877) went into effect April 4, 1998, and the fourth toll-free calling code (866) went into effect July 29, 2000. As of December 2006, there were 23.5 million toll-free numbers assigned. Tables 21 through 24 show the growth of each individual toll-free code: 800, 888, 877, and 866, respectively. In the event that another toll-free code is needed, the 855 code would be opened. Database Service Management, Inc./Team DSMI, a subsidiary of Telcordia Technologies, Inc., maintains the Toll-Free Service Management System for the United States and Canada. Table 25 shows the current list of area codes, the state or territory they serve, and the month the code was opened. Table 26 shows area code assignments since January 1999, along with the month the code was added, and the code that served the area previously. Table 27 shows how dialing patterns differ from state to state. For instance, in some states, callers making local calls within an area code are required to dial only the 7-digit phone number. In other states, callers making local calls must dial the ten-digit phone number (area code plus the phone number). Finally, in some states, local callers must dial a “1” before dialing the area code plus the phone number. Each state’s public utilities commission (or public service commission) determines the calling pattern for each area code in their state. 34 For both local and domestic toll calls, there are two basic types of calls: those within an area code and those between area codes. Table 27 shows the dialing patterns for all four types of calls. The last column of Table 27 indicates whether all toll calls in that state require callers to dial a “1” before the telephone number. Additional Information 33 Paging carriers are not required to port numbers. 34 The dialing patterns for area codes are listed in the area code database, which can be found at http://www.nanpa.com/area_codes/index.html. 12 Additional information too lengthy to include in this report is contained on the Commission’s website. 35 The first set of additional information lists the more than 3,000 filers. The list includes the service provider’s name, its parent name, and its OCN. The second set of information shows, by carrier type and by rate center, the number of assigned telephone numbers and the number of thousands blocks reported in that rate center. Some information has been redacted (asterisked out), to prevent the potential release of non-public data. The information also includes the Metropolitan Statistical Area/Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area in which the rate center resides. 36 The pooling information submitted by NeuStar is also available, and includes the NPA, NXX, X (block number), recipient carrier, date of assignment for the block and other information about the block. NeuStar submitted pooling data as of March 6, 2007. For consistency, only blocks with effective dates through June 30, 2007 were used in creating the tables for this report. Technical Details The following material provides technical details on the data and procedures used in this analysis. With respect to Tables 1 through 3, the reader should note that the number of unique NXXs for each carrier type does not add up to the total number of unique NXXs. 37 This occurs when multiple carriers report data for the same numbering resource. In addition, some carriers reported at the thousands-block level and other carriers reported at the NXX level for the same NXX. In the past, when numbers were transferred from an ILEC to another carrier, these numbers were classified as “assigned” because those numbers could not be used elsewhere in the ILEC’s own system. According to the Commission’s standardized definitions, however, these numbers are classified as “intermediate” numbers. It appears that some large carriers have not reported these numbers as intermediate numbers. Because, in many instances, we were unable to match submissions that report intermediate numbers with submissions that report numbers as being received from another carrier, we had to create filters to ensure that numbers were not double counted. Where a Regional Bell Operating Company (RBOC) has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as ILEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides 35 This report and additional numbering information can be found at http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/number.html. All of the Industry Analysis & Technology Division’s reports are available on the web, and are conveniently categorized. See http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 36 The rate center’s V&H coordinates from the LERG were used to determine in which MSA/PMSA the rate center resided. If the rate center is not in an MSA/PMSA, then the MSA/PMSA variable is left blank. 37 In some instances, more than one carrier reported numbering utilization data for the same NPA-NXX. Tables 1-3 report on the number of unique NPA-NXXs that were reported by each carrier type and by the industry as a whole. 13 services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. For ease of comparison, Figures 1 through 4 plot utilization rates only when there were 1,000 or fewer thousands-blocks in a rate center. Some ILECs and Cellular/PCS carriers reported more than 1,000 unique thousands-blocks in a single rate center. For both types of carriers, however, the average utilization rates in these instances (where the carrier has more than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center) were the same as the instances where the carrier has just fewer than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center. Therefore, the figures show only the data where the carriers reported up to 1,000 thousands-blocks within a rate center. This allows a linear scale to be used. In some instances, we observed that some CLECs had a large number of thousands-blocks in a single rate center. Although most CLECs do not have enough end-user lines in a rate center to warrant having so many thousands-blocks in that rate center, there are at least two reasons that a CLEC would do so. First, some CLECs provide service to unified messaging services, such as e-fax. 38 These services use large quantities of numbers. 39 Also, VoIP providers generally obtain NANP telephone numbers for their customers by partnering with a local exchange carrier, such as a CLEC, through a commercial arrangement rather than obtaining them directly from a numbering administrator. * * * * We invite users of this information to provide suggestions for improved data collection and analysis by using the attached customer response form, e-mailing comments to craig.stroup@fcc.gov, john.vu@fcc.gov, or calling the Industry Analysis and Technology Division at (202) 418-0940 (for TTY, call (202) 418-0484). 38 Unified messaging services allow end users to receive multiple types of messages (such as voice mail and faxes) at one phone number. Typically, these messages are then digitized and e-mailed to the end user. Because the end user does not need to answer the call personally, the messages can be sent to any phone number in the United States. Thus, unified messaging service providers can operate efficiently by obtaining a large number of thousands blocks in a single rate center. 39 Carriers assigning numbers to unified messaging services are instructed to report numbers as “intermediate” until the numbers are assigned by the unified messaging service providers to end users. Some carriers have assigned large quantities of numbers to unified messaging services but may not have received information back from the unified messaging company as to whether any of those numbers had been assigned to end users. This may explain why some carriers reported dozens of NXXs in a single rate center, yet still classified all those numbers as intermediate rather than assigned. Table 1 Number Utilization by Carrier Type as of December 31, 2006 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs ILEC 298,255 14,069 6,858 14,586 10,930 260,434 605,132 64,832 Cellular/PCS 240,404 2,862 1,304 11,478 3,071 120,485 379,603 47,882 CLEC 71,335 10,871 2,990 3,435 1,078 242,283 331,992 42,348 Paging 6,102 882 490 624 137 68,249 76,484 5,591 All Reporting Carriers 616,096 28,684 11,641 30,123 15,217 691,451 1,393,212 134,241 2 ILEC 49.3% 2.3% 1.1% 2.4% 1.8% 43.0% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 63.3% 0.8% 0.3% 3.0% 0.8% 31.7% 100.0% CLEC 21.5% 3.3% 0.9% 1.0% 0.3% 73.0% 100.0% Paging 8.0% 1.2% 0.6% 0.8% 0.2% 89.2% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 44.2% 2.1% 0.8% 2.2% 1.1% 49.6% 100.0% Table 2 Detail of Number Utilization: Non-rural Carriers (Reported at the Thousands-block Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs ILEC 288,142 13,263 5,732 13,809 10,594 210,621 542,162 58,560 Cellular/PCS 238,603 2,770 1,089 11,314 2,971 114,467 371,214 47,073 CLEC 70,832 10,854 2,824 3,412 1,038 235,262 324,224 41,608 Paging 5,712 660 314 487 98 64,030 71,302 5,101 All Reporting Carriers 603,290 27,548 9,960 29,022 14,702 624,380 1,308,902 126,165 2 ILEC 53.2% 2.5% 1.1% 2.6% 2.0% 38.9% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 64.3% 0.8% 0.3% 3.1% 0.8% 30.8% 100.0% CLEC 21.9% 3.4% 0.9% 1.1% 0.3% 72.6% 100.0% Paging 8.0% 0.9% 0.4% 0.7% 0.1% 89.8% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 46.1% 2.1% 0.8% 2.2% 1.1% 47.7% 100.0% Table 3 Detail of Number Utilization: Rural Carriers (Reported at the NXX Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs ILEC 10,113 807 1,126 777 336 49,813 62,970 6,296 Cellular/PCS 1,801 91 215 165 100 6,018 8,389 825 CLEC 503 16 165 23 40 7,021 7,768 775 Paging 390 222 175 136 39 4,220 5,183 490 All Reporting Carriers 12,807 1,136 1,681 1,100 515 67,071 84,310 8,376 2 ILEC 16.1% 1.3% 1.8% 1.2% 0.5% 79.1% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 21.5% 1.1% 2.6% 2.0% 1.2% 71.7% 100.0% CLEC 6.5% 0.2% 2.1% 0.3% 0.5% 90.4% 100.0% Paging 7.5% 4.3% 3.4% 2.6% 0.8% 81.4% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 15.2% 1.4% 2.0% 1.3% 0.6% 79.6% 100.0% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 15, 2007 (97% of NXXs reported). 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. 2 Unduplicated total. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. Where an RBOC has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as ILEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. 14 Table 4 Telephone Number Utilization by State as of December 31, 2006 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available 1 Total State/jurisdiction 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s Alabama 8,674 40.2 509 2.4 307 1.4 488 2.3 287 1.3 11,289 52.4 21,554 Alaska 1,357 25.5 28 0.5 31 0.6 68 1.3 29 0.5 3,806 71.6 5,318 American Samoa 18 90.3 0 0.0 1 3.7 0 0.7 1 4.0 0 1.3 20 Arizona 12,328 58.6 322 1.5 187 0.9 606 2.9 173 0.8 7,429 35.3 21,044 Arkansas 4,371 31.2 707 5.1 62 0.4 245 1.8 181 1.3 8,422 60.2 13,989 California 75,273 46.8 5,921 3.7 574 0.4 3,744 2.3 2,521 1.6 72,690 45.2 160,721 Colorado 11,278 54.3 46 0.2 113 0.5 528 2.5 268 1.3 8,553 41.2 20,786 Connecticut 7,393 44.9 415 2.5 83 0.5 272 1.7 208 1.3 8,082 49.1 16,454 Delaware 2,511 53.7 39 0.8 81 1.7 97 2.1 21 0.4 1,926 41.2 4,675 District of Columbia 4,078 69.6 22 0.4 136 2.3 170 2.9 24 0.4 1,428 24.4 5,858 Florida 37,712 51.7 1,971 2.7 446 0.6 2,364 3.2 985 1.3 29,487 40.4 72,964 Georgia 18,584 46.8 1,874 4.7 321 0.8 1,064 2.7 586 1.5 17,272 43.5 39,701 Guam 166 29.2 0 0.0 79 13.9 10 1.8 4 0.7 311 54.5 570 Hawaii 2,743 57.1 12 0.2 19 0.4 95 2.0 115 2.4 1,820 37.9 4,802 Idaho 2,711 43.7 23 0.4 51 0.8 121 2.0 79 1.3 3,219 51.9 6,204 Illinois 26,602 41.3 1,106 1.7 352 0.5 1,090 1.7 530 0.8 34,757 53.9 64,437 Indiana 10,645 38.1 480 1.7 140 0.5 463 1.7 293 1.0 15,885 56.9 27,907 Iowa 6,318 33.0 169 0.9 220 1.2 243 1.3 131 0.7 12,075 63.0 19,155 Kansas 4,610 28.0 764 4.6 71 0.4 225 1.4 166 1.0 10,636 64.6 16,472 Kentucky 7,416 34.8 447 2.1 117 0.6 427 2.0 208 1.0 12,675 59.5 21,290 Louisiana 8,418 39.7 523 2.5 118 0.6 635 3.0 253 1.2 11,264 53.1 21,211 Maine 2,487 43.0 29 0.5 80 1.4 134 2.3 36 0.6 3,022 52.2 5,787 Maryland 14,245 53.3 91 0.3 306 1.1 640 2.4 133 0.5 11,312 42.3 26,726 Massachusetts 18,898 46.8 319 0.8 618 1.5 760 1.9 268 0.7 19,551 48.4 40,413 Michigan 19,105 36.2 775 1.5 291 0.6 815 1.5 504 1.0 31,357 59.3 52,847 Minnesota 10,913 40.3 269 1.0 135 0.5 488 1.8 177 0.7 15,118 55.8 27,100 Mississippi 4,587 27.9 292 1.8 126 0.8 319 1.9 261 1.6 10,850 66.0 16,436 Missouri 10,700 36.0 541 1.8 631 2.1 527 1.8 273 0.9 17,072 57.4 29,745 Montana 1,528 24.6 18 0.3 53 0.9 71 1.2 31 0.5 4,509 72.6 6,211 Nebraska 3,224 31.4 149 1.5 43 0.4 134 1.3 76 0.7 6,636 64.7 10,262 Nevada 5,901 60.0 352 3.6 38 0.4 262 2.7 94 1.0 3,182 32.4 9,829 New Hampshire 3,257 44.8 21 0.3 61 0.8 116 1.6 42 0.6 3,775 51.9 7,273 New Jersey 20,385 47.2 406 0.9 540 1.3 883 2.0 212 0.5 20,733 48.0 43,158 New Mexico 3,402 47.1 54 0.8 37 0.5 165 2.3 68 0.9 3,497 48.4 7,224 New York 41,260 52.8 1,258 1.6 1,295 1.7 1,838 2.4 483 0.6 31,982 40.9 78,116 North Carolina 17,110 44.8 943 2.5 188 0.5 925 2.4 478 1.3 18,534 48.5 38,178 North Dakota 1,076 19.5 35 0.6 11 0.2 38 0.7 44 0.8 4,309 78.2 5,513 Northern Marianas Is 61 25.4 0 0.0 7 3.1 5 2.0 0 0.1 165 69.4 238 Ohio 21,334 42.2 810 1.6 218 0.4 929 1.8 536 1.1 26,731 52.9 50,558 Oklahoma 5,813 31.4 543 2.9 58 0.3 298 1.6 227 1.2 11,600 62.6 18,539 Oregon 7,145 46.9 57 0.4 134 0.9 350 2.3 186 1.2 7,358 48.3 15,230 Pennsylvania 25,903 44.8 279 0.5 995 1.7 1,175 2.0 297 0.5 29,228 50.5 57,878 Puerto Rico 4,036 54.7 31 0.4 191 2.6 186 2.5 74 1.0 2,861 38.8 7,379 Rhode Island 2,731 52.7 8 0.2 47 0.9 95 1.8 23 0.5 2,281 44.0 5,185 South Carolina 8,054 47.6 515 3.0 117 0.7 398 2.4 238 1.4 7,595 44.9 16,917 South Dakota 1,245 22.3 27 0.5 45 0.8 55 1.0 46 0.8 4,157 74.6 5,575 Tennessee 11,696 44.4 576 2.2 119 0.5 605 2.3 192 0.7 13,163 50.0 26,351 Texas 45,063 41.6 3,140 2.9 644 0.6 2,513 2.3 2,074 1.9 54,818 50.6 108,252 Utah 5,843 51.4 39 0.3 70 0.6 237 2.1 100 0.9 5,082 44.7 11,372 Vermont 2,162 44.4 9 0.2 53 1.1 56 1.1 41 0.8 2,548 52.3 4,869 Virgin Islands 155 48.3 13 4.2 30 9.3 32 10.0 1 0.5 89 27.8 320 Virginia 16,949 55.0 139 0.5 412 1.3 917 3.0 203 0.7 12,214 39.6 30,834 Washington 13,479 48.9 1,203 4.4 150 0.5 623 2.3 398 1.4 11,696 42.5 27,548 West Virginia 2,527 39.8 30 0.5 95 1.5 147 2.3 67 1.1 3,487 54.9 6,354 Wisconsin 9,648 36.7 323 1.2 283 1.1 377 1.4 233 0.9 15,413 58.7 26,278 Wyoming 966 27.0 9 0.2 13 0.4 55 1.5 39 1.1 2,502 69.8 3,583 Totals 616,096 44.2 28,684 2.1 11,641 0.8 30,123 2.2 15,217 1.1 691,451 49.6 1,393,212 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 15, 2007. 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. 15 Table 5 Number of Carriers Reporting Numbering Resources as of December 31, 2006 1 Paging Unduplicated State/jurisdiction ILEC 2 Cellular/PCS 2 CLEC 2 Carriers 2 Total Carriers Alabama 31 19 28 9 87 Alaska 23 11 2 2 38 American Samoa 0 1 0 0 1 Arizona 17 14 24 4 59 Arkansas 30 12 15 6 63 California 23 17 53 9 100 Colorado 35 16 23 6 80 Connecticut 1 7 18 4 30 Delaware 3 6 24 5 38 District of Columbia 3 6 22 5 36 Florida 16 21 56 6 97 Georgia 36 19 48 8 111 Guam 1 3 1 0 5 Hawaii 2 7 7 2 18 Idaho 24 19 19 5 66 Illinois 56 20 41 9 124 Indiana 44 20 39 6 108 Iowa 160 19 51 4 234 Kansas 41 17 24 6 88 Kentucky 20 23 35 4 82 Louisiana 22 14 27 7 70 Maine 23 7 18 3 51 Maryland 4 12 37 6 58 Massachusetts 5 8 35 4 51 Michigan 37 19 46 6 107 Minnesota 93 13 58 4 168 Mississippi 19 18 25 7 69 Missouri 44 19 35 7 105 Montana 21 7 14 2 44 Nebraska 48 14 15 3 80 Nevada 11 10 22 5 48 New Hampshire 12 9 19 5 45 New Jersey 5 8 40 5 57 New Mexico 18 16 14 4 52 New York 38 14 46 8 104 North Carolina 28 15 36 5 83 North Dakota 38 10 15 1 64 Northern Marianas Is 1 2 0 0 3 Ohio 39 22 47 5 111 Oklahoma 41 19 20 6 86 Oregon 37 13 33 4 86 Pennsylvania 38 21 48 7 113 Puerto Rico 1 6 5 1 13 Rhode Island 1 6 16 4 27 South Carolina 25 13 34 3 75 South Dakota 47 8 15 1 71 Tennessee 28 19 36 6 89 Texas 66 41 63 15 183 Utah 14 14 20 3 50 Vermont 11 7 9 4 31 Virgin Islands 1 3 0 0 4 Virginia 22 15 46 7 88 Washington 29 13 39 7 86 West Virginia 9 17 14 6 45 Wisconsin 89 19 36 7 150 Wyoming 16 14 9 2 41 Unduplicated Total 1,348 365 1,340 90 3,130 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 15, 2007. 1 Company numbers determined by counting operating company numbers (OCNs). Carriers typically obtain at least one OCN per state in which they do business. Thus, carriers with multiple OCNs are counted multiple times. An exception was made for those RBOCs that have acquired a company with CLEC operations within their operating areas. Although the acquired CLEC's numbers have been treated as ILEC numbers throughout this report, the acquired CLEC's OCN was not counted as an ILEC OCN in-region. Where the acquired CLEC operates outside of the acquiring RBOC's operating area, the CLEC's OCN was counted as a CLEC. 2 Carriers occasionally misclassify the type of service that they provide. For instance, the CLEC operations of ILECs are occasionally classified as ILEC operations. 16 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2006 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 201 New Jersey January-47 50.7% 1.0% 1.2% 2.2% 0.4% 44.4% 42 202 District of Columbia January-47 69.6% 0.4% 2.3% 2.9% 0.4% 24.4% 36 203 Connecticut January-47 47.3% 3.0% 0.6% 1.7% 1.5% 45.8% 33 205 Alabama January-47 48.4% 2.5% 0.6% 2.2% 1.9% 44.3% 41 206 Washington January-47 60.4% 1.9% 0.7% 2.5% 1.6% 32.9% 30 207 Maine January-47 43.0% 0.5% 1.4% 2.3% 0.6% 52.2% 51 208 Idaho January-47 43.7% 0.4% 0.8% 2.0% 1.3% 51.9% 66 209 California January-58 41.2% 4.2% 0.3% 2.2% 2.0% 50.1% 38 210 Texas November-92 57.2% 3.8% 0.6% 2.9% 1.1% 34.5% 34 212 New York January-47 73.5% 0.2% 5.5% 3.2% 1.3% 16.2% 28 213 California January-47 42.5% 2.1% 0.5% 2.7% 2.0% 50.1% 47 214 Texas January-47 54.8% 0.9% 0.4% 3.3% 2.3% 38.3% 45 215 Pennsylvania January-47 56.9% 0.5% 2.8% 1.9% 0.7% 37.3% 37 216 Ohio January-47 48.4% 1.1% 0.4% 2.5% 1.1% 46.5% 30 217 Illinois January-47 31.4% 1.4% 1.0% 1.2% 0.9% 64.1% 46 218 Minnesota January-47 23.1% 2.0% 0.3% 1.1% 0.5% 72.9% 64 219 Indiana January-47 40.2% 3.2% 0.2% 1.7% 1.1% 53.7% 34 224 Illinois January-02 29.4% 1.7% 0.4% 1.3% 0.6% 66.8% 25 225 Louisiana August-98 48.5% 2.9% 0.3% 3.2% 1.4% 43.8% 32 228 Mississippi September-97 33.6% 1.1% 0.9% 2.5% 1.7% 60.2% 30 229 Georgia August-00 30.9% 7.6% 0.6% 1.9% 0.5% 58.5% 34 231 Michigan June-99 25.1% 0.7% 0.6% 1.1% 0.6% 71.9% 36 234 Ohio October-00 7.6% 0.2% 0.6% 0.4% 0.6% 90.6% 11 239 Florida March-02 54.7% 0.8% 0.5% 3.1% 0.4% 40.5% 26 240 Maryland June-97 45.5% 0.6% 0.6% 2.0% 0.2% 51.1% 46 248 Michigan May-97 44.0% 2.4% 0.4% 1.8% 0.7% 50.6% 37 251 Alabama June-01 40.1% 1.8% 1.4% 2.0% 1.0% 53.8% 39 252 North Carolina March-98 34.9% 0.9% 0.2% 2.5% 0.4% 61.1% 30 253 Washington April-97 49.4% 7.6% 0.5% 2.8% 1.0% 38.7% 32 254 Texas May-97 29.8% 2.6% 0.3% 2.2% 2.9% 62.3% 42 256 Alabama March-98 40.0% 2.2% 2.3% 2.5% 1.2% 51.7% 45 260 Indiana January-02 37.2% 0.8% 0.8% 1.2% 1.8% 58.2% 31 262 Wisconsin September-99 34.4% 1.1% 0.8% 1.2% 0.4% 62.1% 39 267 Pennsylvania July-99 37.8% 0.7% 0.7% 2.0% 0.3% 58.6% 37 269 Michigan July-02 34.0% 1.2% 0.9% 1.5% 0.8% 61.6% 43 270 Kentucky April-99 29.0% 2.2% 0.4% 1.8% 0.7% 65.8% 50 276 Virginia September-01 33.1% 0.5% 0.4% 3.2% 0.8% 61.9% 33 281 Texas November-96 45.4% 3.3% 0.5% 2.6% 1.0% 47.2% 40 301 Maryland January-47 60.3% 0.2% 1.2% 2.4% 0.6% 35.3% 40 302 Delaware January-47 53.7% 0.8% 1.7% 2.1% 0.4% 41.2% 38 303 Colorado January-47 64.6% 0.2% 0.6% 2.4% 1.8% 30.5% 35 304 West Virginia January-47 39.8% 0.5% 1.5% 2.3% 1.1% 54.9% 45 305 Florida January-47 55.9% 4.4% 0.7% 4.6% 1.2% 33.2% 41 307 Wyoming January-47 27.0% 0.2% 0.4% 1.5% 1.1% 69.8% 41 308 Nebraska January-55 16.3% 1.1% 0.7% 0.9% 0.9% 80.1% 44 309 Illinois January-57 35.3% 0.9% 0.9% 1.4% 0.9% 60.6% 53 310 California November-91 57.7% 2.5% 0.4% 2.6% 1.4% 35.5% 48 312 Illinois January-47 46.6% 2.9% 0.6% 1.8% 1.1% 47.0% 35 313 Michigan January-47 41.2% 2.1% 0.6% 2.5% 1.0% 52.5% 33 314 Missouri January-47 54.5% 2.6% 0.9% 1.9% 1.1% 39.0% 30 315 New York January-47 40.6% 0.9% 0.7% 1.7% 0.6% 55.4% 44 316 Kansas January-47 44.6% 3.9% 0.4% 1.9% 1.5% 47.7% 25 317 Indiana January-47 48.4% 2.1% 0.4% 2.2% 1.0% 46.0% 42 318 Louisiana January-57 33.7% 2.1% 0.2% 2.5% 1.8% 59.7% 40 319 Iowa January-47 38.3% 1.1% 0.3% 1.6% 1.5% 57.1% 59 17 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2006 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 320 Minnesota March-96 23.9% 0.9% 0.7% 1.3% 0.4% 72.8% 63 321 Florida November-99 55.4% 1.7% 0.5% 2.7% 0.8% 38.9% 39 323 California June-98 45.4% 1.6% 0.4% 2.9% 1.3% 48.4% 47 325 Texas April-03 29.1% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 2.3% 64.7% 33 330 Ohio March-96 43.5% 1.1% 0.4% 1.8% 1.0% 52.2% 39 334 Alabama January-95 31.5% 2.8% 1.3% 2.1% 1.0% 61.3% 52 336 North Carolina December-97 47.6% 2.9% 0.5% 2.4% 1.3% 45.3% 50 337 Louisiana October-99 35.9% 2.1% 0.3% 2.5% 0.5% 58.7% 37 339 Massachusetts May-01 22.4% 1.9% 0.0% 0.5% 0.6% 74.6% 16 340 Virgin Islands June-97 48.3% 4.2% 9.3% 10.0% 0.5% 27.8% 4 347 New York October-99 54.5% 5.6% 0.6% 2.7% 0.5% 36.1% 31 351 Massachusetts May-01 16.4% 0.0% 0.1% 2.6% 0.1% 80.8% 1 352 Florida December-95 48.2% 1.4% 0.2% 2.6% 0.7% 46.9% 30 360 Washington January-95 48.0% 2.0% 0.4% 2.1% 1.4% 46.1% 57 361 Texas February-99 25.1% 2.5% 0.1% 1.4% 1.4% 69.5% 33 386 Florida February-01 44.4% 3.3% 0.3% 2.4% 0.7% 48.9% 39 401 Rhode Island January-47 52.7% 0.2% 0.9% 1.8% 0.5% 44.0% 27 402 Nebraska January-47 37.9% 1.6% 0.3% 1.5% 0.7% 58.1% 53 404 Georgia January-47 60.7% 3.8% 0.5% 2.9% 2.5% 29.6% 40 405 Oklahoma January-47 43.5% 3.3% 0.3% 2.0% 1.2% 49.6% 39 406 Montana January-47 24.6% 0.3% 0.9% 1.2% 0.5% 72.6% 44 407 Florida April-88 51.5% 2.9% 0.4% 3.6% 0.7% 40.9% 41 408 California January-59 52.2% 4.5% 0.5% 2.3% 1.1% 39.4% 39 409 Texas November-82 29.0% 6.6% 0.2% 2.2% 1.2% 60.8% 34 410 Maryland October-91 60.9% 0.2% 1.9% 2.9% 0.7% 33.4% 39 412 Pennsylvania January-47 44.8% 0.2% 2.2% 2.1% 0.9% 49.8% 29 413 Massachusetts January-47 50.3% 0.2% 0.9% 1.4% 0.3% 46.9% 35 414 Wisconsin January-47 51.4% 2.1% 0.7% 2.5% 1.3% 42.0% 28 415 California January-47 47.2% 3.2% 0.4% 2.1% 1.3% 45.9% 39 417 Missouri January-50 29.6% 2.8% 5.6% 1.5% 1.3% 59.2% 50 419 Ohio January-47 35.7% 4.3% 0.3% 1.6% 1.6% 56.5% 58 423 Tennessee September-95 42.9% 1.9% 0.3% 2.3% 0.6% 52.0% 45 425 Washington April-97 49.6% 6.7% 0.6% 2.0% 2.1% 39.0% 31 430 Texas February-03 8.8% 43.6% 8.7% 0.0% 3.8% 35.1% 5 432 Texas April-03 32.3% 2.4% 1.5% 2.3% 2.0% 59.6% 28 434 Virginia June-01 43.2% 0.7% 1.1% 3.6% 0.6% 50.8% 28 435 Utah September-97 28.0% 0.4% 0.7% 1.2% 0.7% 69.0% 48 440 Ohio August-97 39.3% 2.0% 0.4% 1.9% 0.4% 56.0% 35 443 Maryland June-97 41.1% 0.5% 0.5% 2.0% 0.3% 55.5% 42 469 Texas July-99 42.9% 2.6% 0.4% 2.6% 0.7% 50.8% 36 478 Georgia August-00 40.7% 6.0% 1.1% 2.8% 1.0% 48.3% 37 479 Arkansas January-02 36.5% 4.4% 0.6% 2.1% 1.0% 55.5% 37 480 Arizona March-99 69.1% 0.3% 1.2% 3.4% 0.9% 25.1% 26 484 Pennsylvania June-99 31.0% 0.6% 1.7% 1.3% 0.2% 65.2% 46 501 Arkansas January-47 39.6% 5.7% 0.3% 1.8% 2.2% 50.4% 34 502 Kentucky January-47 45.7% 3.0% 0.4% 2.9% 1.5% 46.5% 36 503 Oregon January-47 54.6% 0.3% 0.4% 2.5% 1.5% 40.6% 49 504 Louisiana January-47 46.1% 3.9% 0.5% 4.5% 1.2% 43.7% 29 505 New Mexico January-47 47.1% 0.8% 0.5% 2.3% 0.9% 48.4% 52 507 Minnesota January-54 22.3% 0.6% 0.3% 1.0% 0.4% 75.4% 76 508 Massachusetts July-88 53.7% 0.6% 1.7% 2.1% 1.1% 40.8% 41 509 Washington January-57 38.7% 5.2% 0.5% 2.1% 1.1% 52.3% 52 510 California September-91 45.1% 4.6% 0.3% 2.2% 1.2% 46.5% 34 512 Texas January-47 52.6% 2.8% 1.0% 2.7% 2.1% 38.8% 40 513 Ohio January-47 55.2% 0.3% 0.5% 2.6% 1.2% 40.1% 33 515 Iowa January-47 48.7% 0.9% 0.8% 1.5% 0.9% 47.2% 50 18 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2006 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 516 New York January-51 50.7% 1.3% 1.7% 2.1% 0.6% 43.6% 36 517 Michigan January-47 37.1% 0.8% 0.6% 1.3% 1.2% 59.1% 54 518 New York January-47 45.9% 0.8% 0.6% 1.9% 0.7% 50.1% 47 520 Arizona March-95 56.8% 1.0% 1.0% 2.7% 0.8% 37.7% 36 530 California November-97 34.5% 7.2% 0.1% 1.4% 1.2% 55.4% 44 540 Virginia July-95 50.8% 0.2% 1.4% 2.7% 0.9% 44.0% 45 541 Oregon November-95 38.3% 0.4% 1.5% 2.0% 1.0% 56.8% 60 551 New Jersey December-01 57.8% 0.8% 0.2% 2.6% 0.2% 38.5% 8 559 California November-98 39.5% 5.8% 0.2% 2.1% 1.8% 50.7% 30 561 Florida May-96 54.5% 4.0% 0.6% 3.5% 1.4% 35.9% 38 562 California January-97 45.5% 1.5% 0.2% 2.7% 3.3% 46.7% 43 563 Iowa March-01 36.0% 1.1% 0.3% 1.8% 0.5% 60.2% 50 567 Ohio January-02 10.8% 0.9% 0.1% 0.3% 0.2% 87.6% 28 570 Pennsylvania December-98 41.1% 0.9% 2.9% 3.3% 0.5% 51.2% 44 571 Virginia March-00 52.6% 0.2% 0.3% 2.7% 0.5% 43.7% 32 573 Missouri January-96 28.1% 0.9% 2.2% 1.6% 0.5% 66.6% 44 574 Indiana January-02 38.4% 1.3% 0.6% 1.4% 0.9% 57.6% 35 580 Oklahoma November-97 16.2% 2.2% 0.3% 0.9% 1.2% 79.2% 49 585 New York November-01 54.3% 0.9% 4.7% 1.0% 0.4% 38.8% 31 586 Michigan September-01 36.8% 1.5% 0.4% 1.5% 0.2% 59.6% 33 601 Mississippi January-47 30.3% 1.9% 0.7% 2.2% 2.2% 62.7% 46 602 Arizona January-47 64.0% 0.4% 0.8% 3.3% 0.9% 30.5% 29 603 New Hampshire January-47 44.8% 0.3% 0.8% 1.6% 0.6% 51.9% 45 605 South Dakota January-47 22.3% 0.5% 0.8% 1.0% 0.8% 74.6% 71 606 Kentucky January-55 25.1% 1.5% 0.8% 1.4% 1.4% 69.8% 39 607 New York January-54 39.5% 1.1% 0.5% 1.3% 0.3% 57.2% 28 608 Wisconsin January-55 39.5% 1.2% 1.8% 1.4% 1.3% 54.8% 70 609 New Jersey January-57 52.6% 0.5% 0.9% 2.0% 0.4% 43.6% 37 610 Pennsylvania January-94 56.0% 0.3% 2.2% 2.0% 0.5% 39.1% 50 612 Minnesota January-47 62.1% 0.9% 0.5% 2.7% 1.3% 32.5% 41 614 Ohio January-47 51.3% 1.6% 0.4% 1.7% 1.6% 43.5% 31 615 Tennessee January-54 51.5% 2.6% 0.5% 2.3% 1.0% 42.1% 38 616 Michigan January-47 43.4% 0.7% 0.9% 1.7% 1.5% 51.9% 34 617 Massachusetts January-47 56.8% 0.7% 2.8% 2.4% 0.8% 36.4% 37 618 Illinois January-47 31.9% 0.7% 0.7% 1.2% 1.1% 64.3% 49 619 California January-82 51.3% 2.8% 0.4% 2.9% 1.9% 40.8% 36 620 Kansas February-01 14.6% 6.3% 0.3% 1.0% 0.3% 77.5% 54 623 Arizona March-99 65.2% 0.7% 0.8% 3.3% 1.3% 28.8% 26 626 California June-97 47.8% 2.1% 0.2% 2.2% 1.4% 46.3% 47 630 Illinois August-96 44.1% 2.2% 0.3% 1.7% 0.7% 51.1% 33 631 New York November-99 43.7% 2.1% 0.9% 2.3% 0.4% 50.6% 37 636 Missouri May-99 34.5% 0.6% 1.1% 1.5% 0.6% 61.7% 26 641 Iowa July-00 26.4% 0.8% 0.9% 0.9% 0.3% 70.6% 59 646 New York July-99 66.0% 3.9% 0.7% 3.2% 0.5% 25.8% 34 650 California August-97 40.9% 5.2% 0.4% 1.7% 1.0% 50.7% 35 651 Minnesota July-98 61.6% 0.9% 0.5% 2.7% 0.9% 33.4% 45 660 Missouri October-97 13.7% 0.7% 2.6% 1.2% 0.6% 81.2% 45 661 California February-99 43.5% 4.7% 0.2% 2.7% 1.6% 47.4% 43 662 Mississippi April-99 23.8% 1.9% 0.7% 1.5% 0.8% 71.3% 52 670 Northern Marianas Is July-97 25.4% 0.0% 3.1% 2.0% 0.1% 69.4% 3 671 Guam July-97 29.2% 0.0% 13.9% 1.8% 0.7% 54.5% 5 678 Georgia January-98 43.3% 3.2% 1.0% 2.7% 1.0% 48.8% 55 682 Texas October-00 30.8% 4.2% 0.1% 2.1% 1.6% 61.2% 19 684 American Samoa October-04 90.3% 0.0% 3.7% 0.7% 4.0% 1.3% 1 701 North Dakota January-47 19.5% 0.6% 0.2% 0.7% 0.8% 78.2% 64 702 Nevada January-47 64.6% 3.7% 0.5% 3.5% 0.8% 26.8% 32 703 Virginia January-47 64.9% 0.6% 1.2% 2.8% 0.5% 30.0% 41 704 North Carolina January-47 48.3% 3.5% 0.5% 2.5% 1.3% 43.9% 43 706 Georgia May-92 41.9% 4.4% 0.5% 2.4% 1.5% 49.4% 71 707 California January-59 38.9% 5.7% 0.3% 1.8% 1.3% 52.0% 40 19 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2006 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 708 Illinois November-89 38.3% 1.6% 0.2% 1.7% 0.7% 57.5% 33 712 Iowa January-47 19.4% 0.7% 2.8% 0.7% 0.3% 76.1% 98 713 Texas January-47 54.8% 2.8% 1.1% 3.0% 1.0% 37.3% 37 714 California January-51 52.6% 2.1% 0.5% 2.6% 1.8% 40.4% 47 715 Wisconsin January-47 29.2% 1.3% 0.8% 1.1% 1.0% 66.6% 83 716 New York January-47 50.5% 0.6% 1.1% 2.3% 0.7% 44.8% 34 717 Pennsylvania January-47 53.1% 0.1% 1.4% 2.1% 0.6% 42.7% 38 718 New York September-84 61.3% 2.1% 2.0% 3.7% 0.8% 30.1% 34 719 Colorado March-88 49.1% 0.4% 0.5% 2.9% 0.9% 46.2% 44 720 Colorado June-98 54.8% 0.1% 0.8% 3.3% 1.0% 40.0% 25 724 Pennsylvania February-98 33.1% 0.7% 0.5% 2.2% 0.4% 63.1% 51 727 Florida July-98 56.0% 0.8% 0.9% 2.7% 3.2% 36.6% 37 731 Tennessee February-01 28.0% 1.3% 0.2% 1.4% 0.6% 68.5% 35 732 New Jersey June-97 47.5% 1.5% 1.6% 2.0% 0.5% 46.9% 38 734 Michigan December-97 38.4% 1.8% 0.7% 1.4% 0.6% 57.1% 44 740 Ohio December-97 33.1% 1.2% 0.3% 1.4% 0.9% 63.0% 44 754 Florida August-01 69.4% 5.0% 0.0% 2.8% 1.1% 21.8% 6 757 Virginia July-96 58.4% 0.4% 1.2% 3.0% 0.6% 36.4% 28 760 California March-97 47.7% 5.2% 0.3% 2.5% 1.8% 42.6% 53 763 Minnesota February-00 53.8% 0.4% 0.8% 2.3% 0.6% 42.1% 44 765 Indiana February-97 29.3% 1.4% 0.3% 1.1% 0.6% 67.4% 58 769 Mississippi March-07 0.9% 0.0% 0.8% 0.1% 5.4% 92.9% 6 770 Georgia August-95 54.5% 5.8% 0.8% 3.0% 1.6% 34.2% 44 772 Florida February-02 49.9% 2.1% 0.7% 2.9% 2.2% 42.2% 36 773 Illinois October-96 48.1% 1.5% 0.3% 3.0% 0.6% 46.5% 35 774 Massachusetts May-01 26.8% 0.5% 0.7% 1.0% 0.4% 70.7% 32 775 Nevada December-98 54.1% 3.4% 0.2% 1.5% 1.1% 39.6% 36 781 Massachusetts September-97 40.9% 1.3% 0.8% 1.9% 0.4% 54.6% 38 785 Kansas July-97 20.1% 5.4% 0.6% 1.0% 0.9% 71.9% 51 786 Florida March-98 56.0% 1.9% 0.5% 4.0% 0.7% 36.8% 37 787 Puerto Rico March-96 55.4% 0.4% 2.6% 2.5% 1.0% 37.9% 12 801 Utah January-47 61.9% 0.3% 0.6% 2.5% 1.0% 33.7% 27 802 Vermont January-47 44.4% 0.2% 1.1% 1.1% 0.8% 52.3% 31 803 South Carolina January-47 48.1% 4.1% 0.3% 2.4% 1.3% 43.7% 56 804 Virginia June-73 53.6% 0.5% 2.3% 3.1% 0.8% 39.7% 32 805 California January-57 44.0% 2.8% 0.2% 2.3% 1.9% 48.8% 46 806 Texas January-57 25.8% 2.8% 0.2% 1.4% 1.6% 68.2% 47 808 Hawaii January-57 57.1% 0.2% 0.4% 2.0% 2.4% 37.9% 18 810 Michigan December-93 32.2% 1.8% 0.3% 1.6% 2.2% 61.8% 34 812 Indiana January-47 34.6% 1.5% 0.8% 2.0% 1.3% 59.8% 54 813 Florida January-53 57.5% 0.6% 1.1% 2.8% 2.8% 35.2% 41 814 Pennsylvania January-47 41.4% 0.6% 0.5% 1.4% 0.6% 55.5% 39 815 Illinois January-47 39.2% 2.0% 0.7% 1.3% 0.9% 55.9% 65 816 Missouri January-47 44.8% 2.5% 0.6% 2.5% 1.2% 48.3% 41 817 Texas January-53 45.0% 2.4% 0.8% 2.2% 2.4% 47.2% 43 818 California January-84 50.5% 2.5% 0.3% 2.6% 1.2% 42.9% 47 828 North Carolina March-98 42.7% 1.4% 0.2% 2.2% 1.4% 52.1% 38 830 Texas July-97 21.2% 0.7% 0.3% 1.1% 0.8% 75.9% 41 831 California July-98 36.9% 10.0% 0.1% 1.9% 2.1% 49.0% 31 832 Texas January-99 55.6% 2.7% 0.7% 2.9% 1.0% 37.2% 34 843 South Carolina March-98 46.5% 2.1% 0.5% 2.3% 1.8% 46.8% 43 845 New York June-00 45.5% 1.7% 0.9% 1.8% 0.6% 49.5% 45 847 Illinois January-96 51.5% 1.8% 0.6% 1.7% 0.7% 43.7% 34 848 New Jersey December-01 49.8% 0.3% 0.2% 3.5% 0.1% 46.1% 13 850 Florida June-97 40.0% 4.1% 0.8% 3.2% 0.9% 50.8% 49 856 New Jersey June-99 39.4% 0.6% 1.1% 1.9% 0.4% 56.6% 35 857 Massachusetts May-01 28.4% 1.7% 0.9% 2.2% 0.9% 65.8% 26 858 California June-99 49.3% 3.1% 0.7% 2.0% 2.0% 42.9% 34 859 Kentucky April-00 42.1% 1.5% 0.7% 2.0% 0.4% 53.3% 44 860 Connecticut August-95 42.5% 2.0% 0.4% 1.6% 1.0% 52.5% 30 20 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2006 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 862 New Jersey December-01 39.9% 0.7% 0.4% 2.3% 0.4% 56.2% 24 863 Florida September-99 41.6% 0.9% 0.6% 2.1% 1.7% 53.0% 40 864 South Carolina December-95 48.4% 2.9% 1.5% 2.3% 1.1% 43.9% 35 865 Tennessee November-99 51.2% 3.3% 0.8% 2.3% 0.9% 41.5% 30 870 Arkansas April-97 22.0% 5.0% 0.5% 1.5% 0.7% 70.3% 41 901 Tennessee January-47 55.9% 2.8% 0.6% 3.5% 0.7% 36.6% 30 903 Texas November-90 33.4% 4.6% 0.6% 1.9% 2.3% 57.2% 63 904 Florida July-65 54.4% 3.5% 0.5% 2.8% 1.5% 37.3% 37 906 Michigan January-61 15.3% 0.6% 0.3% 0.7% 1.3% 81.8% 22 907 Alaska January-57 25.5% 0.5% 0.6% 1.3% 0.5% 71.6% 38 908 New Jersey November-90 40.1% 0.9% 0.9% 1.6% 0.6% 55.8% 41 909 California November-92 51.4% 2.6% 0.5% 2.7% 1.4% 41.4% 46 910 North Carolina November-93 39.6% 1.7% 0.7% 2.7% 1.1% 54.1% 39 912 Georgia January-54 41.0% 4.2% 1.7% 2.9% 1.4% 48.7% 43 913 Kansas January-47 48.1% 1.6% 0.4% 2.1% 1.8% 46.0% 37 914 New York January-47 44.3% 1.7% 1.3% 1.7% 0.6% 50.3% 40 915 Texas January-47 51.4% 2.8% 0.3% 2.8% 6.0% 36.6% 28 916 California January-47 53.7% 2.2% 0.2% 2.8% 1.7% 39.5% 41 917 New York January-92 53.6% 0.8% 0.3% 2.4% 0.2% 42.6% 26 918 Oklahoma January-53 35.6% 3.3% 0.3% 1.9% 1.2% 57.6% 58 919 North Carolina January-54 50.3% 3.3% 0.7% 2.2% 1.7% 41.8% 39 920 Wisconsin July-97 33.9% 0.8% 1.2% 1.3% 0.6% 62.3% 62 925 California March-98 39.7% 5.4% 0.2% 1.7% 1.2% 51.7% 33 928 Arizona June-01 37.7% 5.4% 0.7% 1.6% 0.4% 54.1% 46 931 Tennessee September-97 30.5% 1.1% 0.4% 1.6% 0.5% 65.9% 46 936 Texas February-00 29.7% 3.6% 0.1% 1.6% 0.9% 64.0% 35 937 Ohio September-96 39.0% 0.9% 0.7% 1.6% 0.7% 57.1% 39 939 Puerto Rico September-01 35.3% 0.0% 1.6% 1.9% 0.0% 61.2% 7 940 Texas May-97 27.3% 2.1% 0.3% 1.6% 4.5% 64.2% 51 941 Florida May-95 51.5% 0.9% 1.0% 2.7% 1.9% 42.1% 40 947 Michigan September-02 93.3% 3.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.1% 2 949 California April-98 53.6% 2.7% 0.7% 2.4% 1.4% 39.2% 42 951 California July-04 57.7% 2.9% 0.3% 2.7% 1.4% 35.0% 38 952 Minnesota February-00 51.7% 0.9% 0.6% 2.2% 0.5% 44.2% 42 954 Florida September-95 51.1% 4.8% 0.5% 3.8% 1.1% 38.6% 39 956 Texas July-97 43.5% 3.1% 0.4% 2.7% 3.0% 47.2% 33 970 Colorado April-95 41.6% 0.3% 0.4% 2.1% 0.9% 54.8% 50 971 Oregon October-00 41.2% 1.2% 0.2% 2.9% 0.4% 54.2% 25 972 Texas September-96 49.5% 1.7% 0.5% 2.4% 2.0% 43.7% 40 973 New Jersey June-97 50.4% 0.9% 1.7% 2.3% 0.6% 44.1% 41 978 Massachusetts September-97 42.0% 0.9% 1.4% 1.7% 0.5% 53.5% 41 979 Texas February-00 26.9% 3.3% 0.7% 1.9% 1.8% 65.3% 40 980 North Carolina April-01 60.8% 1.4% 0.3% 1.4% 3.5% 32.6% 13 985 Louisiana February-01 38.2% 1.2% 1.7% 2.5% 0.8% 55.5% 35 989 Michigan April-01 27.1% 0.9% 0.5% 1.2% 1.0% 69.3% 44 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 15, 2007 and NeuStar, Inc. 21 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 201 2,375 127 2,472 32 1,419 38 427 6 202 3,056 74 788 25 992 93 248 6 203 2,459 86 3,037 23 1,488 55 345 6 205 1,697 83 1,810 24 1,281 55 547 13 206 2,003 80 1,220 22 1,251 54 206 5 207 1,584 72 2,285 41 859 61 596 7 208 1,702 60 2,353 42 1,003 60 820 19 209 1,282 73 2,139 24 1,074 51 549 10 210 1,762 86 1,393 23 1,514 79 257 7 212 5,665 246 1,261 23 64 5 1 4 213 1,144 71 1,181 35 607 42 360 5 214 2,167 111 1,914 33 1,934 126 291 6 215 3,348 127 2,066 27 1,315 30 290 6 216 1,359 67 1,351 19 868 48 369 7 217 1,079 41 3,126 30 835 34 619 13 218 661 31 3,006 54 441 21 471 9 219 690 32 1,187 18 583 21 352 10 224 183 6 684 18 269 13 343 7 225 868 62 814 19 654 32 334 8 228 371 32 837 14 336 20 293 12 229 643 32 1,408 20 467 35 564 11 231 630 27 2,383 26 439 21 345 8 234 12 0 80 8 2 0 80 3 239 960 67 690 15 761 31 437 8 240 946 37 1,795 32 1,006 49 370 10 248 1,874 96 2,872 28 1,261 33 363 6 251 685 28 1,146 25 571 34 430 10 252 1,060 90 2,364 16 745 39 700 12 253 1,215 82 1,305 24 786 33 156 5 254 604 52 1,883 25 551 32 444 12 256 1,328 64 2,072 26 1,275 101 1,035 14 260 637 23 1,080 19 465 12 572 8 262 1,174 43 2,370 27 626 19 284 7 267 981 62 2,618 31 990 40 437 6 269 727 33 1,527 26 544 23 528 13 270 1,209 77 3,565 32 797 47 894 14 276 369 42 859 19 250 18 295 12 281 2,410 160 3,149 29 1,239 43 185 6 301 3,380 141 1,954 26 1,229 41 149 9 302 1,742 70 1,562 27 744 26 142 6 303 3,810 151 1,897 23 1,366 37 99 7 304 1,431 67 2,801 22 1,073 80 602 17 305 2,741 229 1,178 28 1,204 47 277 8 307 553 23 1,473 25 411 32 1,019 14 308 257 19 1,900 37 242 10 561 7 309 1,312 54 2,912 36 665 24 370 12 310 3,164 145 2,166 37 1,956 83 368 5 312 2,471 74 1,608 23 706 38 756 7 313 1,389 76 1,712 24 1,198 81 847 6 314 1,939 81 1,656 20 1,408 36 340 6 315 1,334 50 2,577 30 969 48 382 9 316 554 20 942 12 509 24 102 8 317 1,901 104 2,362 29 1,345 42 269 8 318 1,040 90 2,106 25 855 49 1,077 11 319 928 39 1,724 48 515 22 388 8 22 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 320 546 31 2,297 50 323 15 329 10 321 907 33 908 26 822 31 237 8 323 1,789 123 2,903 33 1,486 85 360 6 325 422 18 1,141 18 273 14 159 12 330 1,792 78 2,687 27 1,449 57 594 10 334 982 58 2,018 36 763 59 1,132 13 336 1,839 102 2,169 37 1,279 54 526 11 337 897 72 1,605 24 728 35 876 9 339 43 1 256 11 80 1 154 5 340 68 24 54 1 86 8 35 3 347 502 19 746 25 1,798 95 779 6 351 0 0 0 0 2 0 8 1 352 1,148 77 1,241 17 978 39 602 10 360 2,124 85 2,565 46 1,190 59 482 7 361 571 31 1,346 20 562 33 1,032 10 386 691 41 924 26 570 27 308 10 401 1,871 57 1,814 17 833 37 253 6 402 1,708 50 3,447 38 1,009 54 620 12 404 2,124 95 1,028 27 1,997 102 354 8 405 1,332 62 2,097 23 1,077 48 332 11 406 907 36 3,431 35 620 36 1,076 7 407 1,945 155 1,779 29 1,381 73 482 8 408 2,486 104 2,028 28 1,357 61 447 6 409 531 34 1,216 20 461 30 280 10 410 3,645 180 1,749 28 1,171 51 140 7 412 1,704 95 2,483 20 1,085 37 329 6 413 1,772 41 1,902 23 563 24 150 8 414 1,225 57 1,052 16 830 45 229 6 415 2,211 94 2,554 28 1,120 50 309 6 417 822 39 2,171 33 643 37 670 11 419 1,422 79 2,851 46 1,126 35 720 10 423 1,257 74 1,910 30 1,066 51 653 12 424 23 0 292 16 8 2 173 5 425 1,694 63 1,738 23 809 38 135 5 430 0 0 31 3 0 0 3 1 432 393 16 1,016 17 316 14 218 8 434 667 64 947 15 456 32 331 10 435 595 22 1,638 31 393 18 728 14 440 1,384 81 2,434 24 830 26 468 8 443 1,290 62 3,097 31 1,463 74 601 7 469 479 24 1,145 30 598 41 128 6 478 598 41 755 22 460 32 400 11 479 623 27 1,285 24 552 39 431 7 480 2,079 89 889 17 1,028 65 229 7 484 1,224 50 3,787 36 717 33 268 8 501 1,147 35 1,567 20 680 50 596 10 502 1,263 62 1,561 21 1,001 82 489 11 503 2,754 129 2,634 40 1,506 65 269 6 504 1,099 131 1,158 18 914 58 351 6 505 1,954 89 2,411 32 1,420 74 846 16 507 685 26 3,353 64 497 24 619 10 508 3,098 126 2,885 31 1,254 41 222 6 509 1,371 74 2,330 36 925 49 712 12 510 1,853 94 2,189 23 1,293 62 576 6 512 2,171 104 1,862 27 1,296 50 330 9 23 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 513 1,982 69 1,641 22 1,265 87 360 7 515 1,304 40 1,479 34 591 19 309 12 516 1,668 82 1,575 26 1,381 42 576 6 517 965 32 1,752 41 664 23 478 10 518 1,454 57 2,195 31 928 43 225 9 520 1,460 51 1,071 25 932 62 389 8 530 1,285 50 2,844 32 832 38 480 10 540 1,491 74 1,307 30 1,074 63 806 11 541 1,451 78 2,688 43 1,036 52 911 13 551 1 0 8 4 131 6 80 4 559 1,177 56 2,375 22 1,052 61 283 6 561 1,699 102 1,063 27 1,108 52 445 7 562 1,422 79 2,052 31 1,125 74 250 5 563 627 33 1,353 41 331 15 210 8 567 64 1 749 20 45 2 134 8 570 1,388 149 2,134 31 939 40 636 11 571 209 7 417 23 496 29 152 6 573 850 55 2,974 28 741 38 685 12 574 632 23 1,101 24 486 16 517 8 580 525 28 3,857 28 497 29 1,133 16 585 1,525 14 1,266 19 779 29 230 10 586 743 36 1,245 24 692 21 574 6 601 1,258 93 3,412 26 1,058 74 1,154 15 602 2,358 105 949 19 1,510 96 495 7 603 2,250 75 2,955 31 972 40 678 9 605 712 34 3,366 62 527 21 788 8 606 688 31 2,336 22 527 38 1,031 15 607 705 24 1,506 18 502 17 213 9 608 1,114 41 1,959 54 836 27 536 11 609 1,793 80 1,983 26 1,432 42 413 6 610 3,073 119 2,308 38 1,225 32 222 7 612 1,208 62 876 31 1,268 47 249 7 614 2,033 72 2,072 22 1,195 33 241 6 615 1,991 90 2,158 27 1,258 57 171 7 616 978 44 1,398 21 731 21 287 10 617 3,261 149 2,418 27 1,346 49 306 6 618 1,002 40 2,920 32 835 30 603 13 619 1,614 106 1,537 26 1,562 72 487 6 620 434 33 3,274 36 319 19 730 15 623 813 34 446 17 479 31 111 7 626 1,554 70 2,020 35 1,187 54 266 5 630 2,270 97 2,537 21 1,336 39 1,247 7 631 1,829 116 2,831 27 1,027 31 290 6 636 843 37 1,746 18 319 15 253 6 641 837 29 2,315 47 286 11 685 11 646 1,322 44 624 28 1,987 115 667 6 650 1,757 74 2,611 24 756 31 267 6 651 1,564 69 1,044 35 684 30 120 7 660 293 33 2,674 30 232 14 433 13 661 1,169 88 1,774 31 946 43 223 6 662 879 45 3,218 36 654 53 1,285 13 670 27 2 114 1 33 3 51 2 671 97 0 222 2 69 10 88 3 678 1,647 130 3,318 39 1,662 73 372 12 682 78 2 355 13 150 13 78 5 24 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 684 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 1 701 613 21 3,339 53 463 17 967 10 702 2,006 135 1,132 22 1,564 62 177 6 703 3,810 178 1,953 31 1,481 49 125 6 704 2,450 129 2,667 32 1,526 81 532 7 706 1,740 85 2,279 47 1,312 82 1,044 18 707 1,588 75 2,846 27 974 42 374 9 708 1,512 76 2,460 21 1,070 38 808 7 712 563 21 2,763 82 319 12 700 15 713 2,922 154 2,009 25 1,300 63 82 6 714 2,340 125 2,238 34 1,877 86 403 6 715 981 30 2,652 65 708 35 1,166 16 716 1,359 61 1,542 21 962 42 335 11 717 1,981 78 2,066 25 1,337 51 397 8 718 4,057 263 2,335 27 901 40 98 6 719 1,292 71 1,351 29 720 47 391 10 720 1,000 45 1,008 17 877 69 357 6 724 1,350 119 3,838 38 937 34 392 10 727 1,461 55 1,073 24 953 43 301 8 731 460 20 1,315 22 368 22 610 10 732 2,614 124 2,894 27 1,252 37 330 7 734 1,274 58 2,871 34 1,059 28 347 7 740 1,116 45 2,741 26 837 40 650 15 754 30 0 7 3 109 6 37 3 757 2,224 113 1,376 15 1,401 76 556 7 760 1,874 108 2,364 37 1,492 67 346 10 763 1,039 50 1,018 34 361 10 50 7 765 989 38 2,824 42 720 25 952 12 769 0 0 110 4 1 0 12 2 770 3,165 188 1,954 29 1,162 48 103 10 772 618 34 517 25 410 19 286 8 773 1,846 115 2,110 22 1,757 111 883 8 774 185 5 1,010 25 388 17 506 6 775 1,766 34 1,357 23 536 30 280 10 779 0 0 11 2 0 0 0 0 781 2,564 128 3,639 28 656 22 380 6 785 636 32 3,160 35 431 22 641 12 786 533 30 739 28 1,160 77 346 6 787 1,648 12 1,591 5 2,285 169 1,068 6 801 3,358 122 2,088 18 1,455 73 294 6 802 1,768 30 2,269 20 365 25 224 7 803 1,699 71 1,597 40 1,130 72 654 13 804 1,791 112 1,386 19 1,060 53 456 8 805 1,740 103 2,320 33 1,191 52 597 6 806 734 45 2,755 31 561 26 636 13 808 1,647 41 1,321 9 1,075 53 247 7 810 606 50 1,770 23 686 17 380 8 812 1,187 83 2,668 37 938 42 919 13 813 1,905 80 1,206 29 1,212 67 384 8 814 1,325 43 2,349 22 799 30 451 15 815 1,584 56 3,112 46 1,167 36 528 13 816 1,397 82 2,219 25 1,088 57 274 11 817 2,108 117 3,119 34 1,426 52 161 6 818 2,359 131 2,289 34 1,636 75 390 6 828 1,139 62 1,680 27 818 38 582 9 25 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (ILECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 830 485 22 1,786 24 333 22 478 12 831 706 36 1,316 22 517 27 200 6 832 655 15 1,188 26 1,775 111 380 6 843 1,637 78 1,978 32 1,206 64 654 9 845 1,424 63 1,909 31 806 24 329 10 847 3,155 121 2,939 22 1,365 27 520 7 848 4 0 27 8 118 8 86 5 850 1,284 123 2,111 30 1,104 69 747 15 856 1,437 75 2,368 25 595 23 183 6 857 82 3 308 20 156 16 243 6 858 1,361 53 1,380 25 535 22 172 6 859 1,067 36 1,830 26 806 52 426 14 860 2,056 76 3,554 19 1,311 50 327 7 862 35 2 140 18 260 15 276 6 863 798 41 1,089 27 594 26 558 9 864 1,296 69 1,413 27 1,022 42 433 6 865 885 42 918 20 707 30 160 7 870 693 48 2,945 28 637 45 1,194 11 901 1,318 74 949 18 1,013 72 234 8 903 1,132 74 2,757 36 999 53 687 19 904 1,649 89 1,290 25 1,202 57 428 8 906 226 11 1,502 16 195 9 754 6 907 924 34 3,175 25 432 33 612 11 908 1,375 71 2,728 30 1,151 31 617 7 909 1,668 87 1,505 33 1,396 73 427 6 910 1,240 103 2,211 27 1,057 56 783 9 912 819 63 1,089 28 698 45 626 12 913 1,026 45 1,325 24 662 27 153 9 914 1,525 68 1,866 29 942 26 615 7 915 675 30 579 15 523 33 163 9 916 2,154 102 1,921 30 1,380 80 325 7 917 631 14 354 16 2,811 142 483 6 918 1,295 68 2,919 42 1,003 58 633 13 919 2,217 109 2,220 27 1,420 53 490 9 920 1,180 41 2,332 41 911 37 785 16 925 1,481 66 2,322 22 763 27 368 6 928 882 32 1,527 29 657 34 676 13 931 676 38 2,040 32 603 31 566 10 936 548 19 1,093 21 356 25 264 9 937 1,330 45 2,559 26 1,018 54 467 10 939 2 0 106 2 95 5 62 5 940 505 33 1,763 34 385 21 295 14 941 944 45 805 26 682 25 387 9 947 0 0 20 1 616 0 0 1 949 1,712 83 1,426 31 841 31 191 5 951 1,210 64 1,069 29 1,239 53 365 5 952 1,290 62 1,214 33 293 7 24 6 954 2,132 155 1,647 29 1,438 80 412 6 956 868 54 956 21 876 57 573 9 970 1,313 67 1,950 33 786 38 766 13 971 117 10 326 19 212 13 106 6 972 3,107 152 2,879 29 739 38 106 7 973 3,006 151 2,922 31 1,241 43 268 6 978 2,431 97 3,609 31 845 34 362 6 979 458 27 1,137 22 357 18 265 10 980 82 0 48 8 103 4 51 5 985 688 54 1,157 22 560 28 542 10 989 784 39 2,469 30 631 26 710 12 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 15, 2007. 26 Table 8 Pooled Thousands-blocks as of December 31, 2006 ILECs and CLECs Cellular/PCS Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks State blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled Alabama 494 10,211 4.84 1,062 7,060 15.04 Alaska 0 10 0.00 10 21 47.62 Arizona 858 12,185 7.04 1,508 6,658 22.65 Arkansas 447 5,966 7.49 337 3,476 9.70 California 8,763 107,792 8.13 11,078 41,698 26.57 Colorado 960 12,806 7.50 794 5,293 15.00 Connecticut 914 11,842 7.72 917 3,612 25.39 Delaware 372 3,486 10.67 245 933 26.26 District of Columbia 220 4,084 5.39 415 1,348 30.79 Florida 3,854 42,543 9.06 5,315 23,414 22.70 Georgia 1,305 22,055 5.92 1,838 11,095 16.57 Guam 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Hawaii 88 3,070 2.87 269 1,392 19.32 Idaho 186 3,096 6.01 256 1,726 14.83 Illinois 5,659 38,710 14.62 3,353 17,132 19.57 Indiana 1,323 16,132 8.20 1,218 7,579 16.07 Iowa 360 5,593 6.44 552 3,929 14.05 Kansas 433 8,033 5.39 631 3,246 19.44 Kentucky 521 11,300 4.61 866 5,393 16.06 Louisiana 637 10,723 5.94 1,210 6,111 19.80 Maine 397 2,891 13.73 319 1,480 21.55 Maryland 1,783 18,651 9.56 1,667 6,411 26.00 Massachusetts 3,250 31,050 10.47 1,853 7,919 23.40 Michigan 2,857 30,534 9.36 2,781 13,929 19.97 Minnesota 1,012 14,263 7.10 825 5,802 14.22 Mississippi 446 7,585 5.88 402 4,064 9.89 Missouri 1,304 16,966 7.69 1,284 7,054 18.20 Montana 163 2,024 8.05 37 1,165 3.18 Nebraska 133 3,397 3.92 227 2,121 10.70 Nevada 326 6,317 5.16 726 2,581 28.13 New Hampshire 719 5,067 14.19 311 1,702 18.27 New Jersey 3,271 29,771 10.99 2,511 10,607 23.67 New Mexico 158 3,218 4.91 422 2,041 20.68 New York 5,875 49,685 11.82 7,273 22,066 32.96 North Carolina 1,598 22,140 7.22 1,702 10,867 15.66 North Dakota 22 1,030 2.14 54 643 8.40 Northern Marianas 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Ohio 2,335 30,123 7.75 1,887 13,298 14.19 Oklahoma 491 8,505 5.77 769 4,108 18.72 Oregon 593 8,519 6.96 941 3,984 23.62 Pennsylvania 4,330 38,437 11.27 3,336 12,919 25.82 Puerto Rico 76 2,176 3.49 519 3,636 14.27 Rhode Island 260 3,803 6.84 254 1,135 22.38 South Carolina 697 8,564 8.14 745 5,028 14.82 South Dakota 21 1,159 1.81 68 761 8.94 Tennessee 1,266 14,909 8.49 1,146 7,532 15.22 Texas 4,052 60,098 6.74 6,779 25,761 26.31 Utah 1,017 6,952 14.63 400 2,703 14.80 Vermont 182 3,433 5.30 180 606 29.70 Virgin Islands 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Virginia 1,790 18,256 9.80 2,089 9,333 22.38 Washington 1,165 18,192 6.40 1,365 7,037 19.40 West Virginia 313 3,437 9.11 273 1,670 16.35 Wisconsin 973 11,719 8.30 531 6,162 8.62 Wyoming 79 1,095 7.21 20 723 2.77 Totals 70,348 813,603 8.65 75,570 357,964 21.11 Source: Pooling data provided by NeuStar. 1 Includes only those thousands-blocks in rate centers with pooling. NM - Not meaningful. 27 Table 9 Increased Utilization and Telephone Numbers Saved due to Thousands-Block Pooling as of December 31, 2006 Numbers Numbers Needed Utilization had Increased Utilization Numbers Assigned Total Percent had Whole NXXs Whole NXXs of Thousands-blocks Saved Due Carrier Type OCNs to End-users 1 Numbers 1 Utilized Been Issued Been Issued due to Pooling to Pooling ILEC 191 4,158,018 6,433,000 64.6% 21,660,000 19.2% 45.4% 15,227,000 Cellular/PCS 571 55,969,487 75,103,000 74.5% 128,060,000 43.7% 30.8% 52,957,000 CLEC 1,069 23,938,150 58,209,000 41.1% 300,040,000 8.0% 33.1% 241,831,000 Total 1,831 84,075,646 139,755,000 60.2% 449,770,000 18.7% 41.5% 310,015,000 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in pooled blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 15, 2007. NeuStar also provided data on Thousands-block pooling. Table 10 Number Utilization for Specialized Nongeographic Area Codes as of December 31, 2006 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Specialized Area Codes (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs 2,024 576 19 1,280 25 2,037 5,960 567 34.0% 9.7% 0.3% 21.5% 0.4% 34.2% 100.0% 96 20 2 3 0 530 650 65 14.8% 3.1% 0.2% 0.4% 0.0% 81.5% 100.0% 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 15, 2007. 500 900 28 Figure 1 ILECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 29 Figure 2 Cellular/PCS Carriers: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 30 Figure 3 CLECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 31 Figure 4 Paging Carriers: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 32 Table 11 Alternate Sources of NPA-NXX Assignments NPA-NXXs that appear in NRUF NANPA LERG NXXs All Three Databases NRUF, NANPA and LERG 999129,981 Two of the Three Databases NRUF and NANPA 99234 NANPA and LERG 993,233 NRUF and LERG 3,249 Only One Database NRUF 9 777 NANPA 9 1,045 LERG 9 156 Total NXXs in Database. 134,241 134,493 136,619 Sources: NANPA's NPA-NXX; assignments database as of January 1, 2007; the LERG, as of January 1, 2007; NRUF December 31, 2006 database (NRUF forms filed as of May 15, 2007) 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Table 12 Utilization over Time Carrier Type ILEC Cellular/PCS CLEC Paging Overall December 2000 52.1% 46.2% 9.8% 26.3% 40.1% June 2001 52.1% 45.3% 10.9% 24.8% 39.6% December 2001 52.5% 47.2% 11.4% 20.2% 39.7% June 2002 52.2% 47.5% 10.4% 17.6% 39.2% December 2002 52.2% 47.8% 10.6% 17.0% 39.2% June 2003 53.2% 49.0% 10.7% 14.3% 39.9% December 2003 52.6% 50.6% 10.6% 13.0% 39.5% June 2004 54.5% 53.9% 14.8% 10.9% 42.3% December 2004 53.5% 54.6% 16.4% 10.3% 42.2% June 2005 52.8% 56.9% 18.1% 9.9% 43.0% December 2005 52.4% 59.1% 19.7% 8.6% 43.4% June 2006 50.2% 60.4% 20.5% 8.1% 43.3% December 2006 49.3% 63.3% 21.5% 8.0% 44.2% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports filed with NeuStar, Inc. Note: Starting with June 2006 data, where an RBOC has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as ILEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. 33 Table 13 NPA-NXX Assignments, Returns and Net Assignments NPA-NXXs NPA-NXXs Net Quarter Assigned Returned Assignments 1998 Q3 1,554 0 1,554 1998 Q4 2,375 0 2,375 1999 Q1 3,019 0 3,019 1999 Q2 4,693 95 4,598 1999 Q3 4,202 164 4,038 1999 Q4 3,993 545 3,448 2000 Q1 4,552 775 3,777 FCC Issued First NRO Order 1 2000 Q2 4,126 923 3,203 2000 Q3 3,497 818 2,679 2000 Q4 3,235 1,146 2,089 FCC Issued Second NRO Order 1 2001 Q1 3,095 1,725 1,370 2001 Q2 3,136 1,320 1,816 2001 Q3 2,112 1,611 501 2001 Q4 2,055 1,402 653 FCC Issued Third NRO Order 1 2002 Q1 1,731 1,199 532 2002 Q2 2,392 1,260 1,132 2002 Q3 1,954 587 1,367 2002 Q4 1,101 558 543 2003 Q1 897 533 364 2003 Q2 1,007 431 576 FCC Issued Fourth NRO Order 1 2003 Q3 802 580 222 2003 Q4 539 244 295 2004 Q1 888 182 706 2004 Q2 728 323 405 2004 Q3 748 160 588 2004 Q4 761 319 442 2005 Q1 1,113 249 864 2005 Q2 778 330 448 2005 Q3 716 246 470 2005 Q4 705 203 502 2006 Q1 1,165 194 971 2006 Q2 944 175 769 2006 Q3 883 137 746 2006 Q4 987 188 799 2007 Q1 1,117 170 947 2007 Q2 768 195 573 1 See text footnote 2 for full citation. Source: NPA-NXX data from NeuStar, Inc. NPA-NXX Assigments, Returns, and Net Assignments 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 1998 Q 3 1998 Q 4 1999 Q 1 1999 Q 2 1999 Q 3 1999 Q 4 2000 Q 1 2000 Q 2 2000 Q 3 2000 Q 4 2001 Q 1 2001 Q 2 2001 Q 3 2001 Q 4 2002 Q 1 2002 Q 2 2002 Q 3 2002 Q 4 2003 Q 1 2003 Q 2 2003 Q 3 2003 Q 4 2004 Q 1 2004 Q 2 2004 Q 3 2004 Q 4 2005 Q 1 2005 Q 2 2005 Q 3 2005 Q 4 2006 Q 1 2006 Q 2 2006 Q 3 2006 Q 4 2007 Q 1 2007 Q 2 Assignments Returns Net Assignments 34 Table 14 Telephone Number Porting Activity Since Wireless Pooling Started 1 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Month Wireline Wireless Wireless 2 Wireline Total (thousands) (thousands) 2003 November 3 561 2 61 1 625 December 638 12 756 1 1,407 2004 January 809 24 713 1 1,547 February 711 65 591 2 1,369 March 776 79 632 1 1,488 April 718 49 613 1 1,381 May 756 73 689 1 1,519 June 789 165 873 2 1,829 July 656 143 806 3 1,608 August 4 786 95 824 * 1,705 September 701 43 787 1 1,532 October 899 97 738 1 1,735 November 736 131 736 2 1,605 December 692 86 910 1 1,689 2005 January 698 53 808 2 1,561 February 936 81 735 1 1,753 March 1,257 74 815 2 2,148 April 959 55 797 1 1,812 May 892 56 862 1 1,811 June 1,064 38 1,153 2 2,257 July 1,006 62 982 2 2,052 August 1,203 42 933 2 2,179 September 1,114 31 835 2 1,982 October 991 37 866 2 1,896 November 1,023 29 826 2 1,880 December 1,079 22 1,031 2 2,135 2006 January 1,242 37 879 4 2,162 February 1,347 22 807 3 2,178 March 1,422 19 876 2 2,319 April 1,095 19 747 2 1,863 May 1,213 46 813 2 2,073 June 1,010 30 862 2 1,904 July 960 55 866 1 1,883 August 1,111 61 953 2 2,127 September 941 36 839 2 1,818 October 1,049 33 823 2 1,908 November 907 40 812 3 1,762 2007 December 977 41 993 2 2,013 January 902 31 1,021 2 1,956 Februar 864 45 1,049 2 1,960 March 1,035 40 1,155 2 2,232 April 926 33 1,112 2 2,072 May 973 45 1,083 3 2,103 June 1,026 82 1,095 3 2,207 Cumulative Total 41,450 2,360 37,157 80 81,046 * Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Monthly figures include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 3 Wireless porting started November 24, 2003. These figures include all ports during the month of November, which for ports from or to a wireless carrier, includes a small number of test ports that happened prior to November 24. 4 Due to a data problem, does not include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger in October 2004. 35 Table 15 Telephone Numbers Remaining in the Porting Database at the End of Each Quarter 1 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Total Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless 2 Wireline (In Thousands) (In Thousands) 1999 Second 1,840 * * * 1,840 Third 2,658 * * * 2,658 Fourth 3,854 * * * 3,854 2000 First 5,029 * * * 5,029 Second 5,781 * * * 5,781 Third 7,595 * * * 7,595 Fourth 9,146 * * * 9,146 2001 First 10,567 * * * 10,567 Second 12,310 * * * 12,310 Third 14,610 * * * 14,610 Fourth 15,519 * * * 15,519 2002 First 16,810 * * * 16,810 Second 18,210 * * * 18,210 Third 19,862 * * * 19,862 Fourth 21,449 * * * 21,449 2003 First 22,781 * * * 22,781 Second 23,723 * * * 23,723 Third 24,796 * * * 24,796 Fourth 25,869 16 795 2 26,682 2004 First 28,462 173 2,686 3 31,324 Second 28,371 406 4,635 4 33,417 Third 29,396 667 6,874 9 36,945 Fourth 30,607 832 9,041 11 41,491 2005 First 32,399 1,001 10,860 16 44,276 Second 34,169 1,092 12,956 19 48,236 Third 36,013 1,201 14,804 23 52,041 Fourth 37,608 1,246 16,101 29 54,983 2006 First 40,194 1,272 17,577 34 59,077 Second 42,130 1,333 19,032 42 62,538 Third 43,743 1,407 20,509 46 65,705 Fourth 45,149 1,480 21,920 50 68,600 2007 First 46,761 1,541 23,518 50 71,870 Second 48,396 1,659 25,399 54 75,508 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small but unknown number of wireless test ports were conducted before November 24, 2003. The remaining wireless-related ports appear to be artifacts of divining the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 1 Numbers ported because customer changed carriers. The database contains the date when the telephone number record was last updated. For most telephone numbers, this was the most recent port. For those telephone numbers affected by area code changes, however, the date refers to when the record was updated to reflect the new area code. See the text for a fuller discussion. 36 Table 16 Numbers in the Porting Database by Quarter in Which They Were Most Recently Ported 1 June 30, 2007 2 Ported During Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless Wireline (In Thousands) (In Thousands) 1998 First 0 3 *** Second 3 * * * Third 39 * * * Fourth 123 * * * 1999 First 213 * * * Second 330 * * * Third 355 * * * Fourth 449 * * * 2000 First 487 * * * Second 544 * * * Third 687 * * * Fourth 791 * * * 2001 First 761 * * * Second 916 * * * Third 976 * * * Fourth 1,136 * * * 2002 First 978 * * * Second 1,099 * * * Third 1,509 * * * Fourth 1,438 * * * 2003 First 1,061 * * * Second 1,161 * * * Third 1,162 * * * Fourth 1,128 9 433 1 2004 First 1,571 118 990 1 Second 1,559 111 1,151 3 Third 1,631 184 1,364 6 Fourth 1,578 165 1,423 2 2005 First 1,973 151 1,362 2 Second 2,115 98 1,586 2 Third 2,408 105 1,823 3 Fourth 2,218 70 1,919 9 2006 First 3,151 59 1,875 3 Second 2,612 81 1,950 2 Third 2,319 137 2,226 3 Fourth 2,334 106 2,279 5 2007 First 2,672 114 2,425 4 Second 2,914 149 2,591 5 1 Numbers ported because customer changed carriers. 3 Number is between 0 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 2 The local number portability database was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. As such, it retains only the most recent porting activity for any given number. So if a consumer ports a number from Carrier A to Carrier B, and later the consumer then ports the number from Carrier B to Carrier C, the database will not reflect the original port from Carrier A to Carrier B. Also, numbers that revert back to the original carrier (either because the customer ports the number back to the original carrier or because the customer discontinues service with that number) are dropped from the database. Lastly, area code splits can make a number appear to be ported later than it actually was. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small but unknown number of wireless test ports were conducted before November 24, 2003. The remaining wireless-related ports appear to be artifacts of divining the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 37 Table 17 Ports Between Carrier Types, June 30, 2007 (in thousands) Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless State to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Total Alabama 350 57 271 ** 678 Alaska 135 1 25 ** 161 Arizona 1,171 13 569 3 1,755 Arkansas 204 52 91 ** 347 California 8,036 49 3,421 6 11,512 Colorado 933 17 503 1 1,453 Connecticut 577 14 286 ** 878 Delaware 293 1 62 ** 356 District of Columbia 366 3 109 2 480 Florida 2,249 124 1,942 3 4,318 Georgia 1,268 162 780 4 2,215 Guam 0 0 1 0 1 Hawaii 178 2 137 ** 318 Idaho 139 8 109 ** 256 Illinois 2,350 36 1,220 2 3,608 Indiana 510 46 379 1 936 Iowa 254 7 172 ** 434 Kansas 401 95 180 1 677 Kentucky 290 56 246 ** 592 Louisiana 433 11 293 ** 737 Maine 237 16 80 ** 333 Maryland 860 7 523 1 1,390 Massachusetts 2,081 24 659 1 2,764 Michigan 1,567 26 902 1 2,496 Minnesota 1,167 18 489 2 1,676 Mississippi 114 57 121 ** 292 Missouri 638 74 418 ** 1,130 Montana 60 5 42 ** 107 Nebraska 230 12 110 ** 352 Nevada 339 5 209 1 554 New Hampshire 275 8 97 ** 380 New Jersey 1,319 10 787 1 2,118 New Mexico 102 9 106 ** 217 New York 4,403 45 1,850 3 6 North Carolina 991 72 621 1 1,685 North Dakota 61 2 32 ** 95 Ohio 1,313 35 912 1 2,260 Oklahoma 362 40 322 2 726 Oregon 560 20 309 1 889 Pennsylvania 2,357 16 1,008 1 3,383 Puerto Rico * 26 238 * 273 Rhode Island 240 4 99 ** 343 South Carolina 401 35 247 ** 683 South Dakota 98 3 36 ** 136 Tennessee 793 23 466 ** 1,283 Texas 3,282 237 1,794 7 5,321 Utah 709 12 264 ** 985 Vermont 85 5 21 ** 111 Virgin Islands 0 * * * 0 Virginia 1,355 19 806 1 2,182 Washington 1,337 22 586 1 1,946 West Virginia 139 4 70 ** 213 Wisconsin 757 13 365 1 1,135 Wyoming 20 3 15 * 38 Total 48,396 1,659 25,399 54 75,508 * Indicates that the number has been withheld to protect carrier confidentiality. ** Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 38 Table 18 Number of Carriers Porting or Receiving Ports as of June 30, 2007 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Ports Wireless Ports Wireless Ports Wireline Ports Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers State Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Alabama 34 29 32 14 17 15 12 15 Alaska 5 4 4 5 5 5 5 4 Arizona 31 27 24 13 15 12 8 13 Arkansas 20 17 11 8 11 8 6 7 California 56 54 40 14 20 15 11 34 Colorado 37 35 26 13 15 15 11 17 Connecticut 30 25 15 7 7 7 7 11 Delaware 23 28 7 6 6 6 6 4 District of Columbia 32 29 10 7 7 6 6 14 Florida 88 78 46 12 15 13 10 26 Georgia 74 68 42 14 16 15 12 32 Guam 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 Hawaii 9 7 6 7 8 7 8 4 Idaho 24 22 16 12 21 16 12 7 Illinois 66 55 34 13 15 13 12 30 Indiana 43 44 34 10 14 14 10 18 Iowa 50 42 14 15 17 15 13 11 Kansas 33 32 32 15 16 16 12 15 Kentucky 44 44 21 18 21 20 13 11 Louisiana 43 35 17 8 14 11 9 14 Maine 18 16 15 8 8 8 8 8 Maryland 53 44 20 9 9 9 8 16 Massachusetts 46 37 27 7 7 7 6 18 Michigan 56 54 39 12 16 16 12 26 Minnesota 78 63 62 12 15 12 13 36 Mississippi 33 34 17 13 15 13 8 5 Missouri 42 36 24 13 15 13 10 17 Montana 19 17 10 5 9 6 5 7 Nebraska 16 18 11 10 14 11 11 5 Nevada 27 22 14 10 12 11 9 15 New Hampshire 26 22 11 8 9 8 8 12 New Jersey 42 36 24 7 6 7 6 18 New Mexico 18 17 9 10 15 12 9 4 New York 83 68 55 10 14 11 10 34 North Carolina 44 47 35 14 14 15 11 26 North Dakota 15 15 26 6 8 7 6 5 Ohio 50 56 41 15 16 15 13 25 Oklahoma 24 24 22 12 16 14 11 10 Oregon 37 38 33 13 14 14 12 18 Pennsylvania 62 56 40 10 14 13 11 24 Puerto Rico 3 4 4 7 8 9 8 3 Rhode Island 20 18 11 7 6 6 6 11 South Carolina 41 40 37 10 12 11 8 24 South Dakota 18 17 8 5 7 5 5 4 Tennessee 50 45 37 13 17 15 15 22 Texas 95 82 70 25 34 31 18 38 Utah 24 21 15 11 13 12 10 9 Vermont 10 11 8 5 7 5 4 5 Virgin Islands 0 0 1 1 2 3 1 1 Virginia 55 51 30 12 15 13 11 21 Washington 46 45 34 12 14 12 12 18 West Virginia 20 19 7 10 16 13 7 5 Wisconsin 44 41 33 13 16 13 12 19 Wyoming 9 11 9 7 11 10 7 3 Unduplicated Total 754 726 588 97 149 129 86 347 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 39 Table 19 Percentage of Numbers Ported, as of December 31, 2006 1 Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless Total Total Wireline Assigned Percent Wireless Assigned Percent Total Assigned Percent Ports Numbers Ported Ports Numbers Ported Ports Numbers Ported State (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) Alabama 378 4,692 8.1 228 3,891 5.9 606 8,583 7.1 Alaska 132 924 14.3 25 432 5.9 158 1,356 11.6 American Samoa NA 0 NA NA 18 NA NA 18 NA Arizona 1,121 7,591 14.8 512 4,605 11.1 1,632 12,196 13.4 Arkansas 214 2,463 8.7 78 1,869 4.2 292 4,331 6.7 California 7,671 44,123 17.4 3,069 30,203 10.2 10,740 74,326 14.4 Colorado 922 7,415 12.4 445 3,749 11.9 1,367 11,165 12.2 Connecticut 555 4,516 12.3 240 2,799 8.6 795 7,314 10.9 Delaware 286 1,742 16.4 52 744 7.0 338 2,486 13.6 District of Columbia 350 3,056 11.5 93 992 9.4 443 4,048 10.9 Florida 2,143 21,444 10.0 1,611 15,687 10.3 3,754 37,131 10.1 Georgia 1,340 10,736 12.5 673 7,759 8.7 2,013 18,495 10.9 Guam 0 97 0.0 1 69 1.2 1 166 0.5 Hawaii 178 1,647 10.8 115 1,075 10.7 293 2,722 10.8 Idaho 137 1,702 8.1 91 1,003 9.1 228 2,705 8.4 Illinois 2,217 16,414 13.5 1,045 10,005 10.4 3,262 26,419 12.3 Indiana 506 6,037 8.4 319 4,538 7.0 825 10,574 7.8 Iowa 246 4,259 5.8 141 2,042 6.9 386 6,302 6.1 Kansas 433 2,650 16.4 156 1,922 8.1 589 4,572 12.9 Kentucky 322 4,227 7.6 207 3,130 6.6 530 7,357 7.2 Louisiana 427 4,592 9.3 249 3,711 6.7 676 8,303 8.1 Maine 188 1,584 11.9 62 859 7.2 250 2,443 10.2 Maryland 789 9,261 8.5 438 4,867 9.0 1,227 14,129 8.7 Massachusetts 1,981 13,436 14.7 552 5,290 10.4 2,533 18,726 13.5 Michigan 1,453 10,195 14.3 748 8,716 8.6 2,202 18,911 11.6 Minnesota 1,137 6,992 16.3 423 3,868 10.9 1,561 10,860 14.4 Mississippi 156 2,508 6.2 103 2,049 5.0 259 4,557 5.7 Missouri 661 6,143 10.8 355 4,431 8.0 1,016 10,574 9.6 Montana 55 907 6.1 37 620 5.9 92 1,528 6.0 Nebraska 236 1,965 12.0 95 1,251 7.6 330 3,216 10.3 Nevada 299 3,772 7.9 185 2,100 8.8 484 5,872 8.2 New Hampshire 267 2,250 11.8 82 972 8.4 349 3,222 10.8 New Jersey 1,216 12,640 9.6 686 7,601 9.0 1,902 20,241 9.4 New Mexico 106 1,954 5.4 92 1,420 6.5 199 3,374 5.9 New York 4,093 24,997 16.4 1,630 15,856 10.3 5,723 40,853 14.0 North Carolina 981 10,027 9.8 529 6,948 7.6 1,511 16,976 8.9 North Dakota 47 613 7.6 28 463 6.1 75 1,076 7.0 Northern Marianas Is NA 27 NA NA 33 NA NA 61 NA Ohio 1,205 12,493 9.6 788 8,634 9.1 1,993 21,127 9.4 Oklahoma 378 3,152 12.0 301 2,577 11.7 678 5,730 11.8 Oregon 549 4,323 12.7 265 2,754 9.6 813 7,077 11.5 Pennsylvania 2,235 16,374 13.6 861 9,343 9.2 3,096 25,718 12.0 Puerto Rico 20 1,650 1.2 207 2,380 8.7 228 4,030 5.7 Rhode Island 232 1,871 12.4 86 833 10.3 318 2,704 11.7 South Carolina 381 4,632 8.2 213 3,359 6.4 594 7,991 7.4 South Dakota 93 712 13.0 31 527 5.9 124 1,239 10.0 Tennessee 742 6,587 11.3 401 5,015 8.0 1,143 11,601 9.9 Texas 3,269 25,782 12.7 1,538 18,523 8.3 4,807 44,306 10.9 Utah 702 3,953 17.7 235 1,848 12.7 936 5,801 16.1 Vermont 86 1,768 4.9 18 365 5.1 105 2,133 4.9 Virgin Islands 0 68 0.0 * 86 0.0 * 155 0.0 Virginia 1,331 10,560 12.6 745 6,218 12.0 2,077 16,778 12.4 Washington 1,302 8,408 15.5 504 4,960 10.2 1,806 13,368 13.5 West Virginia 132 1,431 9.2 52 1,073 4.8 184 2,504 7.3 Wisconsin 713 5,674 12.6 314 3,910 8.0 1,027 9,584 10.7 Wyoming 18 553 3.3 13 411 3.3 32 964 3.3 Total 46,630 369,591 570.1 21,970 240,404 432.5 68,600 609,994 11.2 1 Because the latest available NRUF data are as of December 31, 2006, porting data of the same vintage are used. NA Not applicable. Number portability is not available in American Samoa or Northern Mariana Islands. * Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.) and Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 15, 2007. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 40 Table 20 Telephone Numbers Assigned for Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1993 December 3,155,955 731,438 3,887,393 3,822,607 1994 December 4,948,605 763,235 5,711,840 1,998,160 1995 December 6,700,576 286,487 6,987,063 722,937 1996 December 9,527,982 945,671 10,473,653 5,216,347 1997 December 12,980,714 996,449 13,977,163 1,712,837 1998 December 16,200,883 965,466 17,166,349 6,503,651 1999 December 19,677,001 1,101,964 20,778,965 2,891,035 2000 December 23,022,015 1,178,096 24,200,111 7,449,889 2001 December 23,453,029 1,027,973 24,481,002 7,168,998 2002 December 22,496,215 1,051,232 23,547,447 8,102,553 2003 December 21,108,662 941,520 22,050,182 9,599,818 2004 December 22,159,440 1,145,661 23,305,101 8,344,899 2005 December 22,474,643 957,835 23,432,478 8,217,522 2006 December 22,709,753 756,808 23,466,561 8,183,439 2007 June 23,172,014 773,019 23,945,033 7,704,967 2 Miscellaneous numbers include those in the 800, 888, 877, and 866 service management systems maintained by Database Service Management, Inc., and categorized as reserved, assigned but not yet activated, recently disconnected, or suspended. 1 Toll-free (800) service was initially offered by AT&T in 1967. On May 1, 1993, procedures for routing toll- free calls were changed and 800 numbers were made "portable" so customers who switched service providers could retain their numbers. Due to the growth in demand for toll-free numbers, a new toll-free calling code, 888, was added in March 1996, which made it possible to assign about 8 million new toll- free numbers. A third toll-free calling code, 877, was added in April 1998; and a fourth toll-free code, 866, was added in July 2000. 41 Table 21 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 800 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1993 June 2,589,123 722,006 3,311,129 4,398,871 September 2,818,262 639,547 3,457,809 4,252,191 December 3,155,955 731,438 3,887,393 3,822,607 1994 March 3,516,620 743,813 4,260,433 3,449,567 June 3,933,037 792,698 4,725,735 2,984,265 September 4,506,014 841,381 5,347,395 2,362,605 December 4,948,605 763,235 5,711,840 1,998,160 1995 March 5,528,723 793,771 6,322,494 1,387,506 June 6,340,534 481,633 6,822,167 887,833 September 6,503,018 437,215 6,940,233 769,767 December 6,700,576 286,487 6,987,063 722,937 1996 March 6,907,098 293,244 7,200,342 509,658 June 6,986,821 324,899 7,311,720 398,280 September 7,119,167 310,562 7,429,729 280,271 December 7,272,819 343,905 7,616,724 93,276 1997 March 7,402,769 305,362 7,708,131 1,869 June 7,415,591 293,802 7,709,393 607 September 7,427,717 280,668 7,708,385 1,615 December 7,429,160 267,429 7,696,589 13,411 1998 March 7,455,240 249,964 7,705,204 4,796 June 7,480,468 227,041 7,707,509 2,491 September 7,489,271 219,080 7,708,351 1,649 December 7,487,529 215,267 7,702,796 7,204 1999 March 7,498,527 204,515 7,703,042 6,958 June 7,502,118 207,061 7,709,179 821 September 7,523,302 185,363 7,708,665 1,335 December 7,505,737 202,416 7,708,153 1,847 2000 March 7,516,391 193,246 7,709,637 363 June 7,570,082 139,444 7,709,526 474 September 7,572,091 137,705 7,709,796 204 December 7,566,810 132,887 7,699,697 10,303 2001 March 7,434,621 264,967 7,699,588 10,412 June 7,357,279 242,106 7,599,385 110,615 September 7,383,111 164,881 7,547,992 162,008 December 7,370,055 184,689 7,554,744 155,256 2002 March 7,181,636 400,955 7,582,591 127,409 June 7,234,847 282,005 7,516,852 193,148 September 7,200,821 177,723 7,378,544 331,456 December 7,210,159 203,268 7,413,427 296,573 2003 March 7,182,120 224,536 7,406,656 303,344 June 7,171,068 234,576 7,405,644 304,356 September 7,031,806 222,846 7,254,652 455,348 December 7,089,752 260,807 7,350,559 359,441 2004 March 7,187,381 234,719 7,422,100 287,900 June 7,181,216 187,107 7,368,323 341,677 September 7,262,915 197,252 7,460,167 249,833 December 7,332,085 208,368 7,540,453 169,547 2005 March 7,267,936 234,679 7,502,615 207,385 June 7,163,402 425,206 7,588,608 121,392 September 7,160,678 495,326 7,656,004 53,996 December 7,317,165 277,052 7,594,217 115,783 2006 March 7,416,046 197,083 7,613,129 96,871 June 7,330,416 317,525 7,647,941 62,059 September 7,419,137 279,471 7,698,608 11,392 December 7,445,535 207,672 7,653,207 56,793 2007 March 7,559,307 140,686 7,699,993 10,007 June 7,546,532 153,063 7,699,595 10,405 See Notes to Table 20. 42 Table 22 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 888 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1996 March 267,874 568,574 836,448 7,143,552 June 922,849 544,079 1,466,928 6,513,072 September 1,641,519 590,345 2,231,864 5,748,136 December 2,255,163 601,766 2,856,929 5,123,071 1997 March 2,857,608 661,164 3,518,772 4,461,228 June 3,660,984 681,981 4,342,965 3,637,035 September 4,776,688 774,431 5,551,119 2,428,881 December 5,551,554 729,020 6,280,574 1,699,426 1998 March 6,167,479 728,415 6,895,894 1,084,106 June 6,591,764 665,496 7,257,260 722,740 September 6,898,718 612,254 7,510,972 469,028 December 7,146,159 515,009 7,661,168 318,832 1999 March 7,278,531 495,904 7,774,435 205,565 June 7,428,424 231,697 7,660,121 319,879 September 7,601,867 211,318 7,813,185 166,815 December 7,643,158 324,405 7,967,563 12,437 2000 March 7,685,423 230,035 7,915,458 64,542 June 7,789,986 140,658 7,930,644 49,356 September 7,806,252 173,588 7,979,840 160 December 7,789,188 177,328 7,966,516 13,484 2001 March 7,616,189 355,451 7,971,640 8,360 June 7,548,761 270,198 7,818,959 161,041 September 7,508,100 203,518 7,711,618 268,382 December 7,452,071 190,727 7,642,798 337,202 2002 March 6,964,624 577,910 7,542,534 437,466 June 6,629,862 354,771 6,984,633 995,367 September 6,682,043 92,050 6,774,093 1,205,907 December 6,610,191 154,015 6,764,206 1,215,794 2003 March 6,408,723 324,558 6,733,281 1,246,719 June 6,228,846 251,701 6,480,547 1,499,453 September 5,818,266 216,862 6,035,128 1,944,872 December 5,711,949 250,662 5,962,611 2,017,389 2004 March 5,680,105 133,824 5,813,929 2,166,071 June 5,640,743 128,141 5,768,884 2,211,116 September 5,716,957 210,068 5,927,025 2,052,975 December 5,563,469 384,320 5,947,789 2,032,211 2005 March 5,465,594 159,097 5,624,691 2,355,309 June 5,306,927 296,729 5,603,656 2,376,344 September 5,314,969 221,122 5,536,091 2,443,909 December 5,265,331 196,817 5,462,148 2,517,852 2006 March 5,049,966 321,175 5,371,141 2,608,859 June 4,930,939 387,726 5,318,665 2,661,335 September 4,923,018 282,840 5,205,858 2,774,142 December 4,894,774 154,764 5,049,538 2,930,462 2007 March 4,865,839 172,035 5,037,874 2,942,126 June 4,892,896 211,491 5,104,387 2,875,613 See Notes to Table 20. 43 Table 23 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 877 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1998 June 552,037 209,967 762,004 7,217,996 September 1,072,046 206,714 1,278,760 6,701,240 December 1,567,195 235,190 1,802,385 6,177,615 1999 March 2,141,228 329,044 2,470,272 5,509,728 June 2,899,466 410,026 3,309,492 4,670,508 September 3,755,361 436,433 4,191,794 3,788,206 December 4,528,106 575,143 5,103,249 2,876,751 2000 March 5,436,297 598,702 6,034,999 1,945,001 June 6,317,507 402,858 6,720,365 1,259,635 September 6,539,180 496,015 7,035,195 944,805 December 6,391,285 719,333 7,110,618 869,382 2001 March 6,289,079 469,980 6,759,059 1,220,941 June 6,094,898 715,097 6,809,995 1,170,005 September 6,163,297 489,084 6,652,381 1,327,619 December 6,214,863 345,468 6,560,331 1,419,669 2002 March 6,174,529 340,472 6,515,001 1,464,999 June 6,016,107 267,320 6,283,427 1,696,573 September 5,656,158 275,722 5,931,880 2,048,120 December 5,448,276 421,984 5,870,260 2,109,740 2003 March 5,132,413 579,240 5,711,653 2,268,347 June 4,791,792 376,236 5,168,028 2,811,972 September 4,617,147 170,787 4,787,934 3,192,066 December 4,536,366 191,410 4,727,776 3,252,224 2004 March 4,528,716 163,856 4,692,572 3,287,428 June 4,550,870 146,826 4,697,696 3,282,304 September 4,537,840 214,197 4,752,037 3,227,963 December 4,551,486 254,082 4,805,568 3,174,432 2005 March 4,590,227 139,089 4,729,316 3,250,684 June 4,498,452 232,477 4,730,929 3,249,071 September 4,476,657 193,315 4,669,972 3,310,028 December 4,424,365 212,543 4,636,908 3,343,092 2006 March 4,387,383 178,974 4,566,357 3,413,643 June 4,227,659 203,501 4,431,160 3,548,840 September 4,216,739 221,090 4,437,829 3,542,171 December 4,158,082 191,476 4,349,558 3,630,442 2007 March 4,160,134 126,236 4,286,370 3,693,630 June 4,176,830 168,005 4,344,835 3,635,165 See Notes to Table 20. 44 Table 24 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 866 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 2000 September 672,250 155,646 827,896 7,152,104 December 1,274,732 148,548 1,423,280 6,556,720 2001 March 1,652,602 361,888 2,014,490 5,965,510 June 1,944,520 362,880 2,307,400 5,672,600 September 2,256,792 308,801 2,565,593 5,414,407 December 2,416,040 307,089 2,723,129 5,256,871 2002 March 2,640,414 321,530 2,961,944 5,018,056 June 2,864,605 219,232 3,083,837 4,896,163 September 2,977,379 244,297 3,221,676 4,758,324 December 3,227,589 271,965 3,499,554 4,480,446 2003 March 3,461,686 299,700 3,761,386 4,218,614 June 3,486,674 420,477 3,907,151 4,072,849 September 3,609,244 265,446 3,874,690 4,105,310 December 3,770,595 238,641 4,009,236 3,970,764 2004 March 3,966,922 231,683 4,198,605 3,781,395 June 4,281,378 263,560 4,544,938 3,435,062 September 4,476,150 281,577 4,757,727 3,222,273 December 4,712,400 298,891 5,011,291 2,968,709 2005 March 5,015,324 267,412 5,282,736 2,697,264 June 5,047,314 487,471 5,534,785 2,445,215 September 5,259,730 352,226 5,611,956 2,368,044 December 5,467,782 271,423 5,739,205 2,240,795 2006 March 5,613,475 211,021 5,824,496 2,155,504 June 5,803,923 205,051 6,008,974 1,971,026 September 6,078,119 160,737 6,238,856 1,741,144 December 6,201,362 212,896 6,414,258 1,565,742 2007 March 6,355,241 207,073 6,562,314 1,417,686 June 6,555,756 240,460 6,796,216 1,183,784 See Notes to Table 20. 45 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened 205 Alabama Jan-47 229 Georgia Aug-00 651 Minnesota Jul-98 717 Pennsylvania Jan-47 334 Alabama Jan-95 478 Georgia Aug-00 763 Minnesota Feb-00 814 Pennsylvania Jan-47 256 Alabama Mar-98 762 Georgia May-06 952 Minnesota Feb-00 610 Pennsylvania Jan-94 251 Alabama Jun-01 671 Guam Jul-97 601 Mississippi Jan-47 724 Pennsylvania Feb-98 907 Alaska Jan-57 808 Hawaii Jan-57 228 Mississippi Sep-97 570 Pennsylvania Dec-98 684 American Somoa Oct-04 208 Idaho Jan-47 662 Mississippi Apr-99 484 Pennsylvania Jun-99 602 Arizona Jan-47 217 Illinois Jan-47 769 Mississippi Mar-05 267 Pennsylvania Jul-99 520 Arizona Mar-95 312 Illinois Jan-47 314 Missouri Jan-47 878 Pennsylvania Aug-01 480 Arizona Mar-99 618 Illinois Jan-47 816 Missouri Jan-47 787 Puerto Rico Mar-96 623 Arizona Mar-99 815 Illinois Jan-47 417 Missouri Jan-50 939 Puerto Rico Sep-01 928 Arizona Jun-01 309 Illinois Jan-57 573 Missouri Jan-96 401 Rhode Island Jan-47 501 Arkansas Jan-47 708 Illinois Nov-89 660 Missouri Oct-97 803 South Carolina Jan-47 870 Arkansas Apr-97 847 Illinois Jan-96 636 Missouri May-99 864 South Carolina Dec-95 479 Arkansas Jan-02 630 Illinois Aug-96 406 Montana Jan-47 843 South Carolina Mar-98 213 California Jan-47 773 Illinois Oct-96 402 Nebraska Jan-47 605 South Dakota Jan-47 415 California Jan-47 224 Illinois Jan-02 308 Nebraska Jan-55 901 Tennessee Jan-47 916 California Jan-47 779 Illinois Mar-07 702 Nevada Jan-47 615 Tennessee Jan-54 714 California Jan-51 219 Indiana Jan-47 775 Nevada Dec-98 423 Tennessee Sep-95 805 California Jan-57 317 Indiana Jan-47 603 New Hampshire Jan-47 931 Tennessee Sep-97 209 California Jan-58 812 Indiana Jan-47 201 New Jersey Jan-47 865 Tennessee Nov-99 408 California Jan-59 765 Indiana Feb-97 609 New Jersey Jan-57 731 Tennessee Feb-01 707 California Jan-59 260 Indiana Jan-02 908 New Jersey Nov-90 214 Texas Jan-47 619 California Jan-82 574 Indiana Jan-02 732 New Jersey Jun-97 512 Texas Jan-47 818 California Jan-84 319 Iowa Jan-47 973 New Jersey Jun-97 713 Texas Jan-47 510 California Sep-91 515 Iowa Jan-47 856 New Jersey Jun-99 915 Texas Jan-47 310 California Nov-91 712 Iowa Jan-47 551 New Jersey Dec-01 817 Texas Jan-53 909 California Nov-92 641 Iowa Jul-00 848 New Jersey Dec-01 806 Texas Jan-57 562 California Jan-97 563 Iowa Mar-01 862 New Jersey Dec-01 409 Texas Nov-82 760 California Mar-97 316 Kansas Jan-47 505 New Mexico Jan-47 903 Texas Nov-90 626 California Jun-97 913 Kansas Jan-47 575 New Mexico Oct-07 210 Texas Nov-92 650 California Aug-97 785 Kansas Jul-97 212 New York Jan-47 972 Texas Sep-96 530 California Nov-97 620 Kansas Feb-01 315 New York Jan-47 281 Texas Nov-96 925 California Mar-98 502 Kentucky Jan-47 518 New York Jan-47 254 Texas May-97 949 California Apr-98 606 Kentucky Jan-55 716 New York Jan-47 940 Texas May-97 323 California Jun-98 270 Kentucky Apr-99 914 New York Jan-47 830 Texas Jul-97 831 California Jul-98 859 Kentucky Apr-00 516 New York Jan-51 956 Texas Jul-97 559 California Nov-98 504 Louisiana Jan-47 607 New York Jan-54 832 Texas Jan-99 661 California Feb-99 318 Louisiana Jan-57 718 New York Sep-84 361 Texas Feb-99 858 California Jun-99 225 Louisiana Aug-98 917 New York Jan-92 469 Texas Jul-99 951 California Jul-04 337 Louisiana Oct-99 646 New York Jul-99 936 Texas Feb-00 424 California Aug-06 985 Louisiana Feb-01 347 New York Oct-99 979 Texas Feb-00 303 Colorado Jan-47 207 Maine Jan-47 631 New York Nov-99 682 Texas Oct-00 719 Colorado Mar-88 301 Maryland Jan-47 845 New York Jun-00 430 Texas Feb-03 970 Colorado Apr-95 410 Maryland Oct-91 585 New York Nov-01 325 Texas Apr-03 720 Colorado Jun-98 240 Maryland Jun-97 704 North Carolina Jan-47 432 Texas Apr-03 203 Connecticut Jan-47 443 Maryland Jun-97 919 North Carolina Jan-54 801 Utah Jan-47 860 Connecticut Aug-95 413 Massachusetts Jan-47 910 North Carolina Nov-93 435 Utah Sep-97 302 Delaware Jan-47 617 Massachusetts Jan-47 336 North Carolina Dec-97 802 Vermont Jan-47 202 DC Jan-47 508 Massachusetts Jul-88 252 North Carolina Mar-98 340 Virgin Islands Jun-97 305 Florida Jan-47 781 Massachusetts Sep-97 828 North Carolina Mar-98 703 Virginia Jan-47 813 Florida Jan-53 978 Massachusetts Sep-97 980 North Carolina Apr-01 804 Virginia Jun-73 904 Florida Jul-65 339 Massachusetts May-01 701 North Dakota Jan-47 540 Virginia Jul-95 407 Florida Apr-88 351 Massachusetts May-01 670 Northern Marianas Is. Jul-97 757 Virginia Jul-96 941 Florida May-95 774 Massachusetts May-01 216 Ohio Jan-47 571 Virginia Mar-00 954 Florida Sep-95 857 Massachusetts May-01 419 Ohio Jan-47 434 Virginia Jun-01 352 Florida Dec-95 313 Michigan Jan-47 513 Ohio Jan-47 276 Virginia Sep-01 561 Florida May-96 517 Michigan Jan-47 614 Ohio Jan-47 206 Washington Jan-47 850 Florida Jun-97 616 Michigan Jan-47 330 Ohio Mar-96 509 Washington Jan-57 786 Florida Mar-98 906 Michigan Jan-61 937 Ohio Sep-96 360 Washington Jan-95 727 Florida Jul-98 810 Michigan Dec-93 440 Ohio Aug-97 253 Washington Apr-97 863 Florida Sep-99 248 Michigan May-97 740 Ohio Dec-97 425 Washington Apr-97 321 Florida Nov-99 734 Michigan Dec-97 234 Ohio Oct-00 304 West Virginia Jan-47 386 Florida Feb-01 231 Michigan Jun-99 567 Ohio Jan-02 414 Wisconsin Jan-47 754 Florida Aug-01 989 Michigan Apr-01 405 Oklahoma Jan-47 715 Wisconsin Jan-47 772 Florida Feb-02 586 Michigan Sep-01 918 Oklahoma Jan-53 608 Wisconsin Jan-55 239 Florida Mar-02 269 Michigan Jul-02 580 Oklahoma Nov-97 920 Wisconsin Jul-97 404 Georgia Jan-47 947 Michigan Sep-02 503 Oregon Jan-47 262 Wisconsin Sep-99 912 Georgia Jan-54 218 Minnesota Jan-47 541 Oregon Nov-95 307 Wyoming Jan-47 706 Georgia May-92 612 Minnesota Jan-47 971 Oregon Oct-00 770 Georgia Aug-95 507 Minnesota Jan-54 215 Pennsylvania Jan-47 678 Georgia Jan-98 320 Minnesota Mar-96 412 Pennsylvania Jan-47 Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator. Table 25 Area Codes by State (1947 - 2007) 46 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2007) Previous Added Location Date Code Code Texas (Houston) Jan-99 713 832 California Feb-99 805 661 Texas Feb-99 512 361 Arizona Mar-99 602 480 Arizona Mar-99 602 623 Kentucky Apr-99 502 270 Mississippi Apr-99 601 662 Alberta May-99 403 780 Missouri May-99 314 636 Michigan Jun-99 616 231 Pennsylvania Jun-99 610 484 California Jun-99 619 858 New Jersey Jun-99 609 856 New York (Manhattan) Jul-99 212 646 Pennsylvania Jul-99 215 267 Texas (Dallas) Jul-99 214 469 Florida Sep-99 941 863 Wisconsin Sep-99 414 262 New York Oct-99 718 347 Louisiana Oct-99 318 337 Florida Nov-99 407 321 New York Nov-99 516 631 Tennessee Nov-99 423 865 Texas Feb-00 409 936 Texas Feb-00 409 979 Minnesota Feb-00 612 763 Minnesota Feb-00 612 952 Virginia Mar-00 703 571 Kentucky Apr-00 606 859 New York Jun-00 914 845 Iowa Jul-00 515 641 Georgia Aug-00 912 229 Georgia Aug-00 912 478 Oregon Oct-00 503 971 Texas Oct-00 817 682 Ohio Oct-00 330 234 Kansas Feb-01 316 620 Louisiana Feb-01 504 985 Tennessee Feb-01 901 731 Florida Feb-01 904 386 Ontario Mar-01 416 647 Iowa Mar-01 319 563 North Carolina Apr-01 704 980 Michigan Apr-01 517 989 Massachusetts May-01 508 774 47 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2007) Massachusetts May-01 617 857 Massachusetts May-01 781 339 Massachusetts May-01 978 351 Pennsylvania May-01 484 835 1 Pennsylvania May-01 267 445 2 Virginia Jun-01 804 434 Ontario Jun-01 905 289 Alabama Jun-01 334 251 Arizona Jun-01 520 928 Florida Aug-01 954 754 Pennsylvania Aug-01 412 878 Virginia Sep-01 540 276 Puerto Rico Sep-01 787 939 Michigan Sep-01 810 586 British Columbia Nov-01 604 778 New York Nov-01 716 585 New Jersey Dec-01 201 551 New Jersey Dec-01 732 848 New Jersey Dec-01 973 862 Ohio Jan-02 419 567 Illinois Jan-02 847 224 Indiana Jan-02 219 260 Indiana Jan-02 219 574 Arkansas Jan-02 501 479 Florida Feb-02 561 772 Florida Mar-02 941 239 Michigan Jul-02 616 269 Michigan Sep-02 248 947 Texas Feb-03 903 430 Texas Apr-03 915 325 Texas Apr-03 915 432 California Jul-04 909 951 Mississippi Mar-05 601 769 Dominican Republic Aug-05 809 829 Georgia May-06 706 762 California Aug-06 310 424 Ontario Oct-06 519 226 Quebec Nov-06 514 438 Illinois Mar-07 815 779 New Mexico Oct-07 505 575 Note: For years 1984 - 1998, see Industry Analysis Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Trends in Telephone Service (August 2003). 1 The NANPA was able to reclaim area code 835. See Planning Letter 344 at NeuStar.com. 2 The NANPA was able to reclaim area code 445. See Planning Letter 332 at NeuStar.com. Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA), which can be accessed at www.nanpa.com. 48 Table 27 Number of Digits Necessary to Dial Local and Toll Calls in the US (As of June 2007) Local Calls Toll Calls Toll Calls Within Same Between Within Same Between Require State Area Code Area Codes Area Code Area Codes Dialing 1 + Alabama 7 1 10 2 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Alaska 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arizona 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arkansas 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes California 7 3 1 + 10 7 3 1 + 10 No Colorado 7 4 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Connecticut 7 5 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Delaware 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes District of Columbia 7 10 NA 1 + 10 Yes Florida 7 6 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Georgia 7 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Hawaii 7 NA 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Idaho 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Illinois 7 8 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Indiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Iowa 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kansas 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kentucky 7 10 9 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Louisiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Maine 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No Maryland 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Massachusetts 10 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Michigan 7 11 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Minnesota 7 10 12 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Mississippi 7 13 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Missouri 7 14 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Montana 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nebraska 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nevada 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New Hampshire 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No New Jersey 10 15 1 + 10 10 15 1 + 10 No New Mexico 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New York 7 16 1 + 10 7 16 1 + 10 No North Carolina 7 17 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes North Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Ohio 7 18 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oklahoma 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oregon 10 19 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Pennsylvania 10 20 1 + 10 21 10 20 1 + 10 21 No Rhode Island 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No South Carolina 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes South Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Tennessee 7 10 22 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Texas 7 23 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Utah 7 10 24 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Vermont 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Virginia 7 25 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Washington 7 26 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes West Virginia 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wisconsin 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wyoming 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes NA - Not Applicable. Source: NPA database. The database is available at www.nanpa.com/area_codes/index.html. 49 Notes to Table 27 1 In area code 659, 10-digit dialing is used. 2 In area code 659, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 3 In area codes 424 and 310, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 4 In area codes 303 and 720, 10-digit dialing is used. 5 In area codes 475 and 959, 10-digit dialing is used. 6 In area codes 305, 321, 407, 689, 754, 786, and 954, 10-digit dialing is used. 7 In area codes 404, 470, 678, 762, 706 and 770, 10-digit dialing is used. 8 In area codes 224, 331, 872, 464, 447, 815, 779 and 847, 1+ 10-digit dialing is used. 9 In area codes 270 and 502, 7-digit dialing is used. 10 In area code 413, 7-digit dialing is used. 11 In area codes 248, 679 and 947, 10-digit dialing is used. 12 In area codes 218, 320, and 507, 7-digit dialing is used. 13 In area codes 601 and 769, 10-digit dialing is used. 14 In area codes 557 and 975, 10-digit dialing is used. 15 In area codes 609, 856, and 908, 7-digit dialing is used. 16 In area codes 212, 347, 646, 718, and 917, 1+10 digit dialing is used. 17 In area codes 704, 980 and 984, 10-digit dialing is used. 18 In area codes 234, 283, 330, 380, 419, and 567, 10-digit dialing is used. 19 In area code 541, 7-digit dialing is used. 20 In area codes 570, 717, and 814, 7-digit dialing is used. 21 In some area codes, local calls to some other area codes may be dialed using 10 digits. 22 In area codes 615 and 931, 7-digit dialing is used. 23 In area codes 214, 281, 430, 469, 682, 713, 817, 832, 903, and 972, 10-digit dialing is used. 24 In area code 435, 7-digit dialing is used. 25 In area codes 571 and 703, 10-digit dialing is used. 26 In area code 564, 10-digit dialing is used. 50 Customer Response Publication: Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States (NRUF data as of December 31, 2006). 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