Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States NRUF data as of June 30, 2008 Porting and Toll-Free data as of September 30, 2008 Craig Stroup and John Vu Industry Analysis and Technology Division Wireline Competition Bureau Federal Communications Commission March 2009 This report is available for reference in the FCC's Reference Information Center, Courtyard Level, 445 12th Street SW, Washington, DC 20554. Several private firms specialize in locating, duplicating, and distributing FCC documents. Documents may be purchased by calling Best Copy and Printing, Inc. at (202) 488-5300 or via their website at www.bcpiweb.com. This and many other useful reports can also be downloaded from the Wireline Competition Bureau Statistical Reports Internet site at www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 2 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States NRUF Data as of June 30, 2008 Porting and Toll-Free Data as of September 30, 2008 Executive Summary This is the Federal Communications Commission’s report on numbering resource utilization in the United States. 1 In this report, we summarize an ongoing systematic collection of comprehensive data on the utilization of telephone numbers within the United States. The underlying information was acquired from carriers holding numbering resources and was analyzed as part of our ongoing assessment of the efficacy of numbering resource optimization measures prescribed by the Commission’s Numbering Resource Optimization (NRO) Orders. 2 Findings As of June 30, 2008: • Overall, 48.1% of all telephone numbers were assigned to end users. • The overall utilization rate for Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (LECs) was 50.3%, down from 50.7% six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Cellular/PCS carriers was 65.3%, up from 65.0% six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Competitive LECs was 30.4%, up from 26.9% six months earlier. • Thousands-block pooling has made it unnecessary to distribute about 355 million telephone numbers. 1 The previous edition of this report, with data as of December 31, 2007, was released in August 2008. 2 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 15 FCC Rcd 7574 (2000) (First NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, Second Report and Order, Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, and Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 16 FCC Rcd 306 (2000) (Second NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Third Report and Order and Second Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, 17 FCC Rcd 252 (2001) (Third NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Fourth Report and Order in CC Docket No. 99-200 and CC Docket No. 95-116, and Fourth Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 18 FCC Rcd 12472 (2003) (Fourth NRO Order). 3 • In the second quarter of 2008, carriers returned 0.96 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. • In the third quarter of 2008, carriers returned 1.49 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. Background The United States uses ten-digit telephone numbers, which are organized in accordance with the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). 3 The NANP divides the country into separate geographic areas called numbering plan areas (NPAs), more commonly called area codes. Calls between these areas are generally dialed using the three-digit area code, followed by a seven-digit local telephone number. When the NANP was established in 1947, only 78 area codes were assigned to carriers in the United States. Only 36 new codes were added through 1989. But the rate of activation increased dramatically. In the 1990s, 109 new area codes were activated in the United States. 4 Because the remaining supply of unassigned area codes is diminishing, and because a premature exhaust of area codes imposes significant costs on consumers, the Commission has taken a number of steps to ensure that the limited numbering resources are used efficiently. Among other things, the Commission requires carriers to submit data on numbering resource utilization and forecasts twice a year. The information is submitted using FCC Form 502, which is known as the Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast (NRUF) form. 5 Carriers controlling numbering resources for the purpose of providing services to their customers are required to file their NRUF forms with the North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA) 6 by February 1 and August 1 of each year. 7 The administrator compiles the information submitted into a database and provides that database to the Commission. 8 The NRUF-based information in this report presents number 3 The North American Numbering Plan is used in the United States and its territories, and in Canada, Bermuda, and many Caribbean nations, including Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The data contained in this report are all limited to the United States and its overseas territories. 4 NeuStar, Inc. publishes a database containing information about each area code on its website: http://www.nanpa.com/npa/allnpas.zip. 5 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order, 15 FCC Rcd 17005, 17006, n. 9 (2000) (July 2000 NRO Order). FCC Form 502 and most other FCC forms can be downloaded via www.fcc.gov/formpage.html. 6 The current NANPA is NeuStar, Inc. 7 First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7603, para. 67. 8 The NANPA’s database is continually updated because not all carriers file by the prescribed date, and because carriers sometimes file updated information throughout the year. 4 utilization as of June 30, 2008. It reflects all corrections and submissions that the NANPA received through September 30, 2008. 9 Historically, local telephone companies received geographic numbers in blocks of 10,000. These blocks of 10,000 numbers are often called NXXs, or central office codes, and are identifiable as the first three digits of a seven-digit telephone number. 10 One of the recent efforts to improve the efficiency with which numbers are used is “thousands-block number pooling,” where an NXX is broken into ten sequential blocks of 1,000 numbers. Carriers may then be required to donate unused or underutilized blocks to a pooling administrator, which then assigns those thousands-blocks to other carriers in need of numbers. 11 This effectively allows the assignment of numbers in blocks of 1,000 rather than 10,000. Most carriers are required to report their telephone number usage at the thousands-block level so that the Commission can evaluate the efficacy of telephone number pooling. Carriers that meet the statutory definition of “rural telephone company” 12 and operate in non-pooling areas are required to submit their number usage at the NXX level. In this report, we present utilization data for four types of carriers: 13 • Incumbent LECs • Competitive LECs • Cellular/PCS Carriers • Paging Carriers 9 Not all carriers filed their NRUF forms by the August 1, 2008 deadline. 10 A ten-thousands block is the block of 10,000 telephone numbers that have the same area code and the same NXX. 11 The current pooling administrator is NeuStar, Inc., which is also the NANPA. See Federal Communications Commission's Common Carrier Bureau Selects NeuStar, Inc. as National Thousands-Block Number Pooling Administrator, Press Release (rel. June 18, 2001). 12 47 U.S.C. § 153(37). 13 Carriers classified themselves in a variety of ways on their NRUF forms. With one exception, each carrier type was aggregated into one of these four categories for the purposes of this report. The exception involves carriers calling themselves interexchange carriers. These carriers reported data for area codes 500 and 900, which are summarized in Table 10 of this report. Therefore, there was no need to classify interexchange carriers as one of the four carrier types listed above. Also, carriers may provide multiple types of services, and may be doing so under a single operating company number. Where this occurs, this may cause a problem because carriers must indicate only their primary line of business on FCC Form 502. Thus, for example, there is some potential that some numbers are classified as cellular but are really used for paging. Only small carriers seem to do this, so the effects of this misclassification should be minor. 5 Carriers report on numbering resources in the following six categories: • assigned • intermediate • reserved • aging • administrative • available An assigned number is one that is in use by an end-user customer. Intermediate numbers are those that one carrier has made available for use by another carrier (or to a non-carrier) so that the numbers may then be assigned to an end user. Reserved numbers are those that are being held by the service provider at the request of an end user for future use. Aging numbers are those that are being held out of use by the carrier for a period of time after the end user that last used them discontinues service. Administrative numbers include test numbers and other numbers used for network purposes. Available numbers are numbers that are generally available for assignment to customers. 14 Some carriers receive telephone numbers from other carriers. When this occurs, the carrier that received its numbers from another carrier (as opposed to directly from the NANPA) is required to report utilization data for those numbers, and to mark those numbers as having been received from other carriers. 15 The vast majority of numbering resources reported were part of geographic area codes. That is, the numbers were part of area codes that are associated with specific regions of the United States or another country. For instance, area code 406 is associated with Montana, and area code 506 is associated with New Brunswick, Canada. Carriers are also required to report on utilization of some non-geographic area codes, such as 500 numbers and 900 numbers (which are described later in this report). Carriers use other types of non-geographic numbering resources as well: millions of numbers are used to provide toll-free services using non-geographic area codes such as 800, 888, 877 and 866. These numbering resources are managed separately. 14 For precise definitions of these categories, see 47 C.F.R. § 52.15. 15 This means that sometimes more than one carrier can report utilization data for the same thousands-block (or ten-thousands block). Carriers receiving numbers from another carrier are required to report utilization data for those numbers on a different page (of FCC Form 502) than the page that carriers use to report numbers received directly from the NANPA. Not all carriers that received numbers from other carriers filed on the correct page, however, so within the database it can appear that more than one carrier has reported data for the same block of numbers. Carriers that receive numbers from other carriers are also required to report on any telephone numbers received from the NANPA. 6 Analysis and Results Table 1 shows the total quantity of telephone numbers reported by the carriers and the number of 10,000 blocks (or NXXs) that were reported. Table 1 also shows the quantity of telephone numbers that carriers reported for each of the six categories described above. The percentages for each of the six categories are provided as well. Carriers reported usage data on 137,893 NXXs. This is up from the 136,828 NXXs from the previous filing (data for December 31, 2007). As the NANPA calculates that about 141,167 NXXs have been assigned to United States carriers, 16 this round of submissions (data for June 30, 2008) appears to have garnered usable information on 97.7% of the numbering resources assigned to carriers in the United States. Although the reporting level is high, many carriers still had not provided usable utilization data by September 30, 2008, the cut-off date for inclusion in this report. Carriers filing FCC Forms 502 reported that about 652 million telephone numbers were assigned to end users, and that 619 million were available for assignment. These 619 million available numbers do not include any telephone numbers in NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. As more NXXs are assigned to carriers by the NANPA, and more area codes are opened, more numbers will become available. Intermediate, reserved, aging and administrative categories collectively account for another 84 million telephone numbers of the NXXs assigned to carriers. The quantity of incumbent LEC assigned numbers is down slightly, reflecting the decreasing number of incumbent LEC lines. 17 The quantity of cellular/PCS assigned numbers is up, reflecting that sector’s growth. The quantity of CLEC assigned numbers continues to rise, in part, because of telephone service provided through voice over Internet protocol (VoIP). Table 2 presents utilization statistics for carriers reporting at the thousands-block level (carriers that do not meet the statutory definition of a rural carrier are required to report at the thousands- block level). Table 3 presents statistics for rural carriers, which are required to report only at the 10,000 block level. 18 As might be expected, overall utilization rates are lower in rural areas (15% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users) than in more urban areas (50% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users). Table 4 shows utilization statistics on a state-by-state basis. As might be expected, states that are relatively rural and have low population densities have a lower percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end-user customers than in more urban, populous states. Again, carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include any of the NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. 16 The NANPA lists the codes that have been issued on their web site: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. 17 See Table 1 of the most recent Local Telephone Competition report at http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/comp.html. 18 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7604-05, para. 71. A small number of rural carriers may operate in areas with pooling. As all carriers in pooling areas are required to report at the thousands-block level, rural carriers in pooling areas, if any, should be included in Table 2 rather than Table 3. 7 Table 5 shows the number of carriers reporting telephone number utilization data for each state. Carriers are required to report their NRUF data at the operating company number (OCN) level. 19 Carriers typically obtain one or more OCNs per state in which they operate. The number of carriers in each state is determined by counting the number of OCNs reported in each state. Table 6 shows utilization statistics on an area code-by-area code basis. The table also shows the total number of OCNs reported in each area code. Again, carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include any of the NXXs in the state that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. Table 7 shows actual quantities of assigned, aging and available numbers for wireline carriers (incumbent LECs and CLECs), and for cellular/PCS carriers (wireless carriers). This information is presented on an area code-by-area code basis. The information in Table 7 is useful for at least two reasons. First, while there is no information on the number of working telephone lines in each area code, Table 7 provides at least some indication of what these numbers are. For several reasons, however, the number of working lines per area code cannot be perfectly divined from this information. Although cellular/PCS carriers typically assign one geographic telephone number to each subscriber, wireline carriers sometimes do not. Some wireline customers want multiple telephone numbers associated with a smaller number of lines. This is common when the customer has a PBX. Other customers, especially those expecting many inbound calls, such as from a help line, want a single telephone number that serves many lines. Thus, the quantity of telephone numbers in an area code provides only a rough guide to the number of lines served in each area code. Second, the information in Table 7 provides the only information available for examining churn. 20 After a customer disconnects from a carrier’s network and chooses not to port the number to another carrier, that carrier will hold that number out of circulation (“age” the number) for up to ninety days if the customer was a residential subscriber, and up to one year if the customer was a business subscriber. Therefore, the quantity of aging numbers gives some indication of the number of customers that have disconnected from the carrier’s network in the previous three months to a year. For several reasons, aging numbers, however, do not give a perfect indication of churn. Aside from not measuring numbers ported to another carrier, not all carriers age their numbers for the full time allowed. In particular, where carriers cannot immediately obtain new numbers from the NANPA or the pooling administrator because of area code rationing, and the carriers have no other available numbers to assign to end users, carriers may assign end users telephone numbers that have not been aged for the full time that the states have prescribed. (Thousands-block pooling alleviates this problem by making more numbering resources available.) Moreover, as mentioned in the previous paragraph, wireline carriers do not always issue one telephone number per line. Thus, as with line counts, churn rates can only be roughly estimated from the data in Table 7. 19 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7594, para. 41. Carriers obtain OCNs from the National Exchange Carrier Association. 20 Churn is the rate at which customers change carriers or disconnect service. 8 Table 8 focuses on telephone number pooling. A thousands-block is potentially poolable when 90% or more of the numbers are classified as available for assignment. Pooling is required in the top 100 MSAs. 21 Pooling also is occurring in other areas where a state commission has exercised delegated authority to require pooling. 22 Carriers also have voluntarily implemented pooling in certain areas. The Commission established an initial roll-out schedule for thousands-block number pooling for wireline carriers, which was completed in December 2003. 23 Table 8 shows the number of thousands-blocks that carriers have received from the Pooling Administrator. Table 8 also shows the total number of thousands-blocks in rate centers where pooling exists, and shows the percentage of those thousands blocks that are pooled. Wireless carriers are listed separately from CLECs and incumbent LECs because wireless carriers started porting on November 24, 2003. Table 9 examines the efficacy of thousands-block pooling. Table 9 shows the utilization of the thousands-blocks that were distributed by the Pooling Administrator, and the utilization rate that would have resulted had whole NXXs been issued. 24 Overall, if whole NXXs had been issued instead of individual thousands-blocks, utilization within those blocks would have been 22.0%. With pooling, however, utilization was 62.6%, nearly a three-fold increase. Another way of measuring the benefit of pooling is examining the quantity of telephone numbers saved through pooling. With pooling, 192 million telephone numbers were distributed to carriers in pooling areas. Had there been no pooling, nearly 547 million telephone numbers would have been distributed to the carriers. Thus, about 355 million telephone numbers have been saved through thousands-block pooling. Table 10 shows utilization data for two specialized nongeographic area codes: 500 and 900. Area code 500 is used for “follow me” service, which, among other things, can be used to route an incoming call to different phone numbers, depending on the time of day. Area code 900 is used for information services where the caller is not charged the normal long distance rates set 21 The composition of MSAs may change over time. If a rate center is part of a top 100 MSA at any time after 1990, then the FCC generally requires number pooling. See Fourth NRO Order, 18 FCC Rcd at 12473, para. 2. 22 Most recently, the Commission granted authority to the Idaho, Alabama and Wisconsin commissions to expand pooling to areas outside of the top 100 MSAs. See Numbering Resource Optimization; Implementation of the Local Competition Provisions of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, WC Docket 07-118, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, Order, 22 FCC Rcd 16081 (2007). The Commission also has sought comment on whether it should delegate authority to all states to implement mandatory pooling at their discretion. See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order and Fifth Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 21 FCC Rcd 1833 (2006). 23 See The Common Carrier Bureau Announces The First Quarter Schedule For National Thousands-Block Number Pooling, CC Docket No. 99-200, Public Notice, 17 FCC Rcd 103 (2001). See also Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order, 17 FCC Rcd 7347 (2002). 24 Calculating the utilization rate had whole NXXs been issued was a 4-step process: 1) the number of thousands-blocks that a carrier held in a rate center was determined; 2) that number was rounded up to the next ten, which is the number of thousands-blocks the carrier would have received if it had received whole NXXs; 3) the number in step 2 was multiplied by 1,000 to calculate the total quantity of telephone numbers the carrier would have had in the rate center; 4) the number of telephone numbers that the carrier actually has in that rate center is then subtracted from the quantity calculated in step 3. 9 by the caller’s long distance carrier, but usually is charged much higher prices that are preset by the call’s recipient. Figures 1 through 4 focus on utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands-blocks that the carriers hold within a local geographic area. 25 We have used rate centers as our measure of local geographic area because thousands blocks are assigned to carriers on a rate- center basis. 26 Carriers serving densely populated areas may need more than one thousands block (each thousands block contains one thousand numbers) to provide service. In these densely populated areas, carriers should generally be able to achieve higher utilization rates than carriers serving less densely populated areas, where one thousands block (or in many rural areas, a whole NXX) may be used to serve just a few customers. Figure 1 shows average incumbent LEC utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands-blocks in a rate center held by a carrier. The points in the figures were calculated using a three-step process. First, thousands-blocks were grouped depending on the number of thousands-blocks held by a carrier within a rate center. Second, the number of thousands- blocks held in a rate center was rounded to the nearest ten, to help protect the confidentiality of the data. Third, the average utilization rates were calculated for each of the groups (i.e., from the group of 10 thousands-blocks per rate center through the group of 1,000 thousands-blocks per rate center). 27 For example, for all instances where a carrier reported from 5 to 14 (which round to 10) thousands-blocks in a rate center, the average utilization rate was calculated. A similar average utilization rate was calculated for all instances where, for a carrier in a rate center, the number of thousands-blocks in a rate center was rounded to 20, 30, and so on through 1,000. To preserve carrier confidentiality, some data points have been collapsed into a single data point. For example, if there were only two companies with 350 thousands-blocks in a rate center, and another two companies with 360 thousands-blocks in a rate center, those data points were collapsed. This way, no carrier-specific data are released. Figures 2 through 4 show the same information for Cellular/PCS carriers, CLECs, and paging carriers. Table 11 focuses on NPA-NXX assignment information. There are three different databases that contain sources of NPA-NXX assignment information: NANPA’s NRUF database, NANPA’s NANP Administration System (NAS) database of NPA-NXX assignments, and the Local Exchange Routing Guide (LERG). 28 For a variety of reasons, the databases are not identical. Timing is a large factor in the differences. For instance, during an area code split, a carrier will maintain both the old and new NPA-NXXs in its systems during the phase called 25 For the purposes of these figures, the utilization rate is defined as the number of telephone numbers assigned to end- user customers divided by 1,000 (the number of telephone numbers in the thousands block). 26 A rate center is a geographic area used to determine distances and prices for local and long distance calls. 27 In order to prevent disclosure of proprietary information, we have grouped some individual data points into clusters so that the specific utilization data for individual carriers cannot be divined by comparing the individual plot points with other data sources. 28 The NANPA’s assignment information can be found online: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. The analysis in Table 11 examines only those codes that NANPA marked “assigned” (i.e., this study does not examine those codes marked “protected”, “reserved”, “unassignable”, or “vacant”). The LERG is published monthly by Telcordia Technologies. 10 permissive dialing. 29 After permissive dialing ends, the carrier should remove the old NPA- NXXs from its systems. During permissive dialing, some carriers report utilization data for both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Further, some carriers may not remove the old NPA- NXXs from their systems promptly after permissive dialing ends, and may therefore report utilization data on both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Also, carriers sometimes delay updating the LERG after an NPA-NXX has been removed from their switch or when the carrier has given the NPA-NXX back to the NANPA. Thus, the NRUF database, the LERG and the NANPA assignment database may not be identical. Table 11 shows the number of NPA-NXXs that appear in the three databases. Table 12 shows the percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end users over time. The utilization rate for incumbent local exchange carriers is slowly declining and cellular/PCS and CLEC utilization rates are generally increasing. The utilization rate for paging continues to drop because the paging market is shrinking. Table 13 shows, on a quarterly basis, the number of NXX assignments made by the NANPA, the number of NXXs that have been returned to the NANPA, and the number of net NXX assignments to carriers. The table shows that fewer NXXs generally are being issued each quarter, and that carriers continue to return unneeded NPA-NXXs to the NANPA for reassignment. Tables 14 through 16 display information on telephone number porting. All telephone number porting information in this report is derived from the local number portability database, which was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. 30 There are several reasons that the quantity of ported numbers in the database at any given time does not equal the sum of numbers ported in prior months. When consumers who have already ported their telephone numbers do so again, the porting database retains only the most recent porting activity for those numbers. Consumers can also port their numbers back to the original carrier. 31 When this happens, it is counted as a port even though the number drops out of the porting database. 32 Also, carriers sometimes port blocks of numbers to other carriers before reassigning them in the LERG. Once the numbers are reassigned, they can be dropped from the porting database. Table 14 shows, on a monthly basis, the quantities of telephone numbers that have been ported since wireless porting started on November 24, 2003. The table shows that most porting activity is intramodal, that is between two landline carriers or between two mobile carriers. Table 15 shows the quantity of telephone numbers in the porting database at the end of each 29 During permissive dialing, a phone number may be called by using either the old or the new NPA. 30 NeuStar, Inc. is the portability administrator. NeuStar operates seven different porting databases. Commission staff combines information from these databases into a single database. 31 When a customer who is using a ported number discontinues service entirely, the ported number also goes back to the original carrier. 32 Area code splits can cause a number that was at one time ported from Carrier A to Carrier B to appear to be reported from Carrier A to Carrier B, as the database record must be updated to reflect the new area code. When this happens, the old porting record also disappears from the database. 11 quarter. Table 16 is based on ports in the database as of September 30, 2008, and shows the quarter in which the numbers were ported. Table 17 shows the number of ports in the database on a state-by-state basis, and Table 18 shows the number of carriers involved in porting on a state-by-state basis. Table 19 shows the percentage of assigned numbers that were ported. 33 Tables 20 through 24 show information about toll-free numbers in the North American Numbering Plan. AT&T introduced toll-free service in 1967. The Commission changed procedures for routing toll-free calls on May 1, 1993 to make toll-free numbers "portable." This change enabled customers to switch service providers yet still retain their toll-free numbers. Table 20 shows that, between 1993 and 2000, the quantity of assigned toll-free numbers grew rapidly: growing from 3.9 million in 1993 to 24.2 million in 2000. New toll-free calling codes were opened to meet the demand. In March 1996, calling code 888 was placed into service. The third toll-free calling code (877) went into effect April 4, 1998, and the fourth toll-free calling code (866) went into effect July 29, 2000. As of September 30, 2008, there were 24.4 million toll-free numbers assigned. Tables 21 through 24 show the growth of each individual toll-free code: 800, 888, 877, and 866, respectively. In the event that another toll-free code is needed, the 855 code would be opened. Database Service Management, Inc./Team DSMI, a subsidiary of Telcordia Technologies, Inc., maintains the Toll-Free Service Management System for the United States and Canada. Table 25 shows the current list of area codes, the state or territory they serve, and the month the code was opened. Table 26 shows area code assignments since January 1999, along with the month the code was added, and the code that served the area previously. Table 27 shows how dialing patterns differ from state to state. For instance, in some states, callers making local calls within an area code are required to dial only the 7-digit phone number. In other states, callers making local calls must dial the ten-digit phone number (area code plus the phone number). Finally, in some states, local callers must dial a “1” before dialing the area code plus the phone number. Each state’s public utilities commission (or public service commission) determines the calling pattern for each area code in their state. 34 For both local and domestic toll calls, there are two basic types of calls: those within an area code and those between area codes. Table 27 shows the dialing patterns for all four types of calls. The last column of Table 27 indicates whether all toll calls in that state require callers to dial a “1” before the telephone number. 33 Paging carriers are not required to port numbers. 34 The dialing patterns for area codes are listed in the area code database, which can be found at http://www.nanpa.com/area_codes/index.html. 12 Additional Information Additional information too lengthy to include in this report is contained on the Commission’s website. 35 The first set of additional information lists the more than 3,000 filers. The list includes the service provider’s name, its parent name, and its OCN. The second set of information shows, by carrier type and by rate center, the number of assigned telephone numbers and the number of thousands blocks reported in that rate center. Some information has been redacted (asterisked out), to prevent the potential release of non-public data. The information also includes the Metropolitan Statistical Area/Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area in which the rate center resides. 36 The pooling information submitted by NeuStar is also available, and includes the NPA, NXX, X (block number), recipient carrier, date of assignment for the block and other information about the block. NeuStar submitted pooling data as of October 6, 2008. For consistency, only blocks with effective dates through June 30, 2008 were used in creating the tables for this report. Technical Details The following material provides technical details on the data and procedures used in this analysis. With respect to Tables 1 through 3, the reader should note that the number of unique NXXs for each carrier type does not add up to the total number of unique NXXs. 37 This occurs when multiple carriers report data for the same numbering resource. In addition, some carriers reported at the thousands-block level and other carriers reported at the NXX level for the same NXX. In the past, when numbers were transferred from an incumbent LEC to another carrier, these numbers were classified as “assigned” because those numbers could not be used elsewhere in the incumbent LEC’s own system. According to the Commission’s standardized definitions, however, these numbers are classified as “intermediate” numbers. It appears that some large carriers have not reported these numbers as intermediate numbers. Because, in many instances, we were unable to match submissions that report intermediate numbers with submissions that report numbers as being received from another carrier, we had to create filters to ensure that numbers were not double counted. Where a Regional Bell Operating Company (RBOC) has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the 35 This report and additional numbering information can be found at http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/number.html. All of the Industry Analysis & Technology Division’s reports are available on the web, and are conveniently categorized. See http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 36 The rate center’s V&H coordinates from the LERG were used to determine in which MSA/PMSA the rate center resided. If the rate center is not in an MSA/PMSA, then the MSA/PMSA variable is left blank. 37 In some instances, more than one carrier reported numbering utilization data for the same NPA-NXX. Tables 1-3 report on the number of unique NPA-NXXs that were reported by each carrier type and by the industry as a whole. 13 RBOC's operating region are counted as incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. For ease of comparison, Figures 1 through 4 plot utilization rates only when there were 1,000 or fewer thousands-blocks in a rate center. Some incumbent LECs reported more than 1,000 unique thousands-blocks in a single rate center. The average utilization rates in these instances (where the carrier has more than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center) were the same as the instances where the carrier has just fewer than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center. Therefore, the figures show only the data where the carriers reported up to 1,000 thousands- blocks within a rate center. This allows a linear scale to be used. In some instances, we observed that some CLECs had a large number of thousands-blocks in a single rate center. Although most CLECs do not have enough end-user lines in a rate center to warrant having so many thousands-blocks in that rate center, there are at least two reasons that a CLEC would do so. First, some CLECs provide service to unified messaging services, such as e-fax. 38 These services use large quantities of numbers. 39 Also, VoIP providers generally obtain NANP telephone numbers for their customers by partnering with a local exchange carrier, such as a CLEC, through a commercial arrangement rather than obtaining them directly from a numbering administrator. * * * * We invite users of this information to provide suggestions for improved data collection and analysis by using the attached customer response form, e-mailing comments to craig.stroup@fcc.gov, john.vu@fcc.gov, or calling the Industry Analysis and Technology Division at (202) 418-0940 (for TTY, call (202) 418-0484). 38 Unified messaging services allow end users to receive multiple types of messages (such as voice mail and faxes) at one phone number. Typically, these messages are then digitized and e-mailed to the end user. Because the end user does not need to answer the call personally, the messages can be sent to any phone number in the United States. Thus, unified messaging service providers can operate efficiently by obtaining a large number of thousands blocks in a single rate center. 39 Carriers assigning numbers to unified messaging services are instructed to report numbers as “intermediate” until the numbers are assigned by the unified messaging service providers to end users. Some carriers have assigned large quantities of numbers to unified messaging services but may not have received information back from the unified messaging company as to whether those numbers had been assigned to end users. This may explain why some carriers reported dozens of NXXs in a single rate center, yet classified all those numbers as intermediate rather than assigned. Table 1 Number Utilization by Carrier Type as of June 30, 2008 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Incumbent LEC 291,730 13,824 6,355 13,275 11,514 243,654 580,352 66,019 Cellular/PCS 269,351 2,141 1,362 16,130 3,711 119,516 412,212 53,483 CLEC 85,267 3,498 3,815 4,374 1,879 181,561 280,395 44,898 Paging 5,380 376 503 680 156 74,497 81,593 6,047 All Reporting Carriers 651,729 19,839 12,036 34,459 17,261 619,229 1,354,553 137,893 2 Incumbent LEC 50.3% 2.4% 1.1% 2.3% 2.0% 42.0% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 65.3% 0.5% 0.3% 3.9% 0.9% 29.0% 100.0% CLEC 30.4% 1.3% 1.4% 1.6% 0.7% 64.8% 100.0% Paging 6.6% 0.5% 0.6% 0.8% 0.2% 91.3% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 48.1% 1.5% 0.9% 2.5% 1.3% 45.7% 100.0% Table 2 Detail of Number Utilization: Non-rural Carriers (Reported at the Thousands-block Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Incumbent LEC 282,068 13,076 5,636 12,673 11,148 196,571 521,172 60,130 Cellular/PCS 267,536 2,061 1,213 16,015 3,587 113,208 403,621 52,666 CLEC 84,696 3,442 3,599 4,343 1,831 175,412 273,324 44,246 Paging 5,091 358 366 583 84 68,827 75,309 5,458 All Reporting Carriers 639,391 18,937 10,814 33,614 16,651 554,019 1,273,426 130,252 2 Incumbent LEC 54.1% 2.5% 1.1% 2.4% 2.1% 37.7% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 66.3% 0.5% 0.3% 4.0% 0.9% 28.1% 100.0% CLEC 31.0% 1.3% 1.3% 1.6% 0.7% 64.2% 100.0% Paging 6.8% 0.5% 0.5% 0.8% 0.1% 91.4% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 50.2% 1.5% 0.9% 2.6% 1.3% 43.5% 100.0% Table 3 Detail of Number Utilization: Rural Carriers (Reported at the NXX Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Incumbent LEC 9,662 748 719 602 366 47,083 59,180 5,917 Cellular/PCS 1,815 81 149 115 123 6,308 8,592 849 CLEC 571 56 217 32 48 6,149 7,072 706 Paging 290 18 137 97 72 5,670 6,284 589 All Reporting Carriers 12,338 902 1,222 845 610 65,210 81,127 8,052 2 Incumbent LEC 16.3% 1.3% 1.2% 1.0% 0.6% 79.6% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 21.1% 0.9% 1.7% 1.3% 1.4% 73.4% 100.0% CLEC 8.1% 0.8% 3.1% 0.5% 0.7% 87.0% 100.0% Paging 4.6% 0.3% 2.2% 1.5% 1.2% 90.2% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 15.2% 1.1% 1.5% 1.0% 0.8% 80.4% 100.0% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of September 30, 2008 (98% of NXXs reported). 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. 2 Unduplicated total. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. Where an RBOC has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. 14 Table 4 Telephone Number Utilization by State as of June 30, 2008 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available 1 Total State/jurisdiction 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s Alabama 9,348 42.8 584 2.7 128 0.6 601 2.8 333 1.5 10,840 49.6 21,835 Alaska 1,472 26.4 6 0.1 185 3.3 87 1.6 30 0.5 3,806 68.1 5,585 American Samoa 20 67.9 0 0.0 1 2.8 1 3.3 0 1.6 7 24.5 30 Arizona 13,075 63.0 98 0.5 186 0.9 707 3.4 211 1.0 6,483 31.2 20,760 Arkansas 4,981 34.7 486 3.4 68 0.5 302 2.1 168 1.2 8,333 58.1 14,338 California 81,155 52.4 2,019 1.3 896 0.6 4,532 2.9 2,818 1.8 63,320 40.9 154,739 Colorado 11,757 56.9 63 0.3 202 1.0 568 2.8 338 1.6 7,730 37.4 20,657 Connecticut 7,727 52.5 286 1.9 163 1.1 288 2.0 202 1.4 6,052 41.1 14,719 Delaware 2,589 56.8 14 0.3 76 1.7 110 2.4 29 0.6 1,743 38.2 4,560 District of Columbia 4,272 74.0 8 0.1 136 2.4 149 2.6 39 0.7 1,166 20.2 5,769 Florida 38,876 54.7 2,031 2.9 428 0.6 2,812 4.0 1,143 1.6 25,738 36.2 71,029 Georgia 19,473 48.9 1,743 4.4 220 0.6 1,223 3.1 483 1.2 16,677 41.9 39,819 Guam 166 29.6 0 0.0 0 0.0 8 1.5 2 0.4 383 68.5 560 Hawaii 2,849 56.1 9 0.2 27 0.5 110 2.2 183 3.6 1,898 37.4 5,076 Idaho 2,887 45.3 27 0.4 62 1.0 146 2.3 98 1.5 3,147 49.4 6,367 Illinois 28,105 46.0 542 0.9 688 1.1 1,186 1.9 759 1.2 29,817 48.8 61,097 Indiana 11,126 41.2 399 1.5 223 0.8 557 2.1 352 1.3 14,358 53.1 27,015 Iowa 7,327 36.4 301 1.5 129 0.6 297 1.5 154 0.8 11,927 59.2 20,135 Kansas 5,258 31.5 527 3.2 118 0.7 243 1.5 180 1.1 10,363 62.1 16,689 Kentucky 7,602 36.8 512 2.5 116 0.6 574 2.8 261 1.3 11,574 56.1 20,638 Louisiana 8,684 41.1 593 2.8 78 0.4 668 3.2 292 1.4 10,798 51.1 21,113 Maine 2,642 47.4 23 0.4 69 1.2 96 1.7 43 0.8 2,703 48.5 5,576 Maryland 14,830 59.0 36 0.1 273 1.1 654 2.6 164 0.7 9,170 36.5 25,127 Massachusetts 19,671 52.6 35 0.1 731 2.0 738 2.0 282 0.8 15,940 42.6 37,397 Michigan 19,841 40.0 520 1.0 394 0.8 888 1.8 649 1.3 27,259 55.0 49,552 Minnesota 11,599 42.7 192 0.7 301 1.1 496 1.8 225 0.8 14,363 52.9 27,177 Mississippi 4,706 30.3 310 2.0 74 0.5 411 2.6 282 1.8 9,736 62.7 15,519 Missouri 11,145 38.9 544 1.9 160 0.6 583 2.0 290 1.0 15,891 55.5 28,614 Montana 1,605 25.1 19 0.3 53 0.8 94 1.5 40 0.6 4,585 71.7 6,396 Nebraska 3,447 33.0 136 1.3 75 0.7 146 1.4 92 0.9 6,559 62.7 10,456 Nevada 5,571 60.4 73 0.8 43 0.5 412 4.5 100 1.1 3,021 32.8 9,219 New Hampshire 3,361 49.3 14 0.2 66 1.0 123 1.8 39 0.6 3,219 47.2 6,822 New Jersey 21,174 52.8 129 0.3 493 1.2 962 2.4 309 0.8 17,046 42.5 40,114 New Mexico 3,678 46.9 63 0.8 72 0.9 198 2.5 91 1.2 3,739 47.7 7,842 New York 43,877 57.4 428 0.6 1,358 1.8 2,078 2.7 617 0.8 28,133 36.8 76,491 North Carolina 17,903 48.8 1,069 2.9 185 0.5 1,212 3.3 449 1.2 15,845 43.2 36,663 North Dakota 1,141 19.0 29 0.5 12 0.2 59 1.0 41 0.7 4,730 78.7 6,014 Northern Marianas Is 16 26.2 0 0.0 0 0.2 1 0.9 0 0.0 44 72.7 60 Ohio 22,495 45.1 987 2.0 243 0.5 1,013 2.0 539 1.1 24,552 49.3 49,828 Oklahoma 6,283 33.8 509 2.7 101 0.5 413 2.2 201 1.1 11,065 59.6 18,572 Oregon 7,564 51.9 52 0.4 158 1.1 326 2.2 211 1.4 6,270 43.0 14,582 Pennsylvania 27,079 48.6 193 0.3 907 1.6 1,205 2.2 405 0.7 25,939 46.5 55,730 Puerto Rico 4,491 59.3 20 0.3 67 0.9 244 3.2 85 1.1 2,663 35.2 7,570 Rhode Island 3,056 59.0 4 0.1 67 1.3 96 1.9 22 0.4 1,938 37.4 5,183 South Carolina 8,497 48.9 568 3.3 114 0.7 529 3.0 293 1.7 7,371 42.4 17,372 South Dakota 1,307 22.6 25 0.4 39 0.7 81 1.4 55 1.0 4,263 73.9 5,771 Tennessee 12,010 47.8 724 2.9 118 0.5 803 3.2 262 1.0 11,191 44.6 25,109 Texas 48,414 46.0 2,359 2.2 711 0.7 2,881 2.7 2,133 2.0 48,720 46.3 105,218 Utah 6,067 55.8 70 0.6 74 0.7 241 2.2 142 1.3 4,271 39.3 10,866 Vermont 2,215 47.4 6 0.1 56 1.2 39 0.8 72 1.5 2,283 48.9 4,672 Virgin Islands 169 48.2 15 4.3 31 8.8 40 11.4 2 0.5 94 26.9 350 Virginia 17,887 59.1 66 0.2 375 1.2 947 3.1 221 0.7 10,755 35.6 30,252 Washington 15,235 58.7 81 0.3 171 0.7 645 2.5 433 1.7 9,383 36.2 25,948 West Virginia 2,748 41.1 55 0.8 83 1.2 129 1.9 63 0.9 3,603 53.9 6,680 Wisconsin 10,218 39.5 226 0.9 218 0.8 435 1.7 291 1.1 14,470 56.0 25,858 Wyoming 1,035 30.2 12 0.3 12 0.3 71 2.1 44 1.3 2,252 65.7 3,426 Totals 651,729 48.1 19,839 1.5 12,036 0.9 34,459 2.5 17,261 1.3 619,229 45.7 1,354,553 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of September 30, 2008. 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. 15 Table 5 Number of Carriers Reporting Numbering Resources as of June 30, 2008 1 Paging Unduplicated State/jurisdiction Incumbent LEC 2 Cellular/PCS 2 CLEC 2 Carriers 2 Total Carriers Alabama 29 20 31 8 88 Alaska 22 13 3 1 39 American Samoa 0 1 0 0 1 Arizona 17 15 32 5 69 Arkansas 31 12 17 5 65 California 25 18 53 11 104 Colorado 30 17 28 6 81 Connecticut 2 6 20 3 30 Delaware 3 7 23 5 38 District of Columbia 3 6 26 4 39 Florida 15 21 54 7 94 Georgia 34 21 43 7 105 Guam 1 5 1 0 7 Hawaii 2 6 7 2 17 Idaho 25 17 17 5 63 Illinois 56 19 42 5 120 Indiana 43 16 43 5 106 Iowa 158 16 55 3 232 Kansas 44 18 28 5 95 Kentucky 20 20 41 4 85 Louisiana 21 16 30 6 73 Maine 23 7 18 4 52 Maryland 4 11 39 6 60 Massachusetts 7 8 28 3 46 Michigan 36 20 44 5 103 Minnesota 94 14 61 2 171 Mississippi 19 17 25 5 66 Missouri 45 18 34 6 103 Montana 22 7 15 1 45 Nebraska 47 14 20 2 83 Nevada 12 11 26 5 54 New Hampshire 13 10 21 4 48 New Jersey 5 9 42 4 58 New Mexico 17 15 16 3 51 New York 42 13 48 8 110 North Carolina 27 14 35 4 78 North Dakota 38 8 15 1 62 Northern Marianas Is 0 2 0 0 2 Ohio 41 21 50 3 111 Oklahoma 41 19 20 5 85 Oregon 37 12 30 3 81 Pennsylvania 39 21 53 7 117 Puerto Rico 1 7 4 1 13 Rhode Island 2 6 13 3 24 South Carolina 25 13 33 2 72 South Dakota 48 8 15 1 72 Tennessee 26 18 30 4 78 Texas 61 34 60 12 164 Utah 16 14 21 2 53 Vermont 10 5 10 4 29 Virgin Islands 1 3 0 0 4 Virginia 19 13 43 5 78 Washington 30 12 38 6 83 West Virginia 10 15 15 7 46 Wisconsin 90 19 37 6 151 Wyoming 15 14 11 1 41 Unduplicated Total 1,356 346 1,344 86 3,107 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of September 30, 2008. 1 Company numbers determined by counting operating company numbers (OCNs). Carriers typically obtain at least one OCN per state in which they do business. Thus, carriers with multiple OCNs are counted multiple times. An exception was made for those RBOCs that have acquired a company with CLEC operations within their operating areas. Although the acquired CLEC's numbers have been treated as Incumbent LEC numbers throughout this report, the acquired CLEC's OCN was not counted as an Incumbent LEC OCN in-region. Where the acquired CLEC operates outside of the acquiring RBOC's operating area, the CLEC's OCN was counted as a CLEC. 2 Carriers occasionally misclassify the type of service that they provide. For instance, the CLEC operations of incumbent LECs are occasionally classified as incumbent LEC operations. 16 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of June 30, 2008 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 201 New Jersey January-47 57.2% 0.4% 1.4% 2.6% 0.7% 37.8% 42 202 District of Columbia January-47 74.0% 0.1% 2.4% 2.6% 0.7% 20.2% 39 203 Connecticut January-47 55.1% 2.6% 1.1% 2.0% 1.6% 37.5% 31 205 Alabama January-47 50.5% 2.7% 0.5% 2.9% 2.3% 41.2% 46 206 Washington January-47 67.8% 0.3% 0.8% 2.5% 2.1% 26.5% 31 207 Maine January-47 47.4% 0.4% 1.2% 1.7% 0.8% 48.5% 52 208 Idaho January-47 45.3% 0.4% 1.0% 2.3% 1.5% 49.4% 63 209 California January-58 45.7% 0.6% 0.4% 2.2% 2.0% 49.0% 42 210 Texas November-92 63.1% 4.2% 0.8% 3.7% 1.2% 26.9% 32 212 New York January-47 74.8% 0.0% 5.3% 2.9% 1.5% 15.6% 29 213 California January-47 43.1% 0.3% 1.2% 4.6% 1.9% 48.9% 46 214 Texas January-47 61.8% 0.4% 0.5% 3.2% 2.6% 31.4% 42 215 Pennsylvania January-47 59.3% 0.3% 2.7% 2.5% 0.9% 34.3% 37 216 Ohio January-47 50.3% 1.0% 0.9% 2.8% 1.1% 43.9% 28 217 Illinois January-47 33.9% 1.3% 0.8% 1.2% 1.4% 61.4% 44 218 Minnesota January-47 23.9% 2.1% 0.5% 1.6% 0.5% 71.5% 68 219 Indiana January-47 44.3% 1.5% 0.6% 3.6% 1.3% 48.8% 32 224 Illinois January-02 44.5% 0.2% 0.7% 2.4% 1.1% 51.1% 28 225 Louisiana August-98 50.2% 3.3% 0.3% 3.6% 1.6% 41.0% 36 228 Mississippi September-97 34.9% 1.3% 0.4% 3.4% 1.9% 58.0% 29 229 Georgia August-00 28.0% 6.6% 0.4% 2.7% 0.5% 61.8% 39 231 Michigan June-99 29.2% 1.1% 0.6% 1.5% 0.7% 66.8% 36 234 Ohio October-00 14.3% 3.8% 0.1% 1.7% 0.5% 79.6% 14 239 Florida March-02 57.1% 0.9% 0.4% 4.3% 1.4% 35.9% 26 240 Maryland June-97 56.7% 0.2% 0.4% 2.7% 0.5% 39.5% 44 248 Michigan May-97 49.9% 0.9% 0.8% 1.9% 1.4% 45.2% 39 251 Alabama June-01 41.1% 2.4% 0.5% 2.8% 1.0% 52.2% 38 252 North Carolina March-98 37.3% 1.4% 0.2% 3.3% 0.4% 57.4% 34 253 Washington April-97 62.6% 0.1% 0.7% 2.9% 1.3% 32.3% 30 254 Texas May-97 32.6% 2.4% 1.5% 2.7% 2.7% 58.2% 39 256 Alabama March-98 45.6% 2.5% 0.8% 2.6% 1.4% 47.1% 44 260 Indiana January-02 39.4% 0.7% 0.7% 1.4% 1.7% 56.1% 29 262 Wisconsin September-99 40.9% 0.9% 0.9% 1.6% 0.7% 55.0% 38 267 Pennsylvania July-99 43.2% 0.1% 0.6% 3.7% 0.4% 52.0% 41 269 Michigan July-02 38.0% 1.6% 1.1% 2.1% 1.2% 56.0% 44 270 Kentucky April-99 30.7% 2.9% 0.5% 2.9% 0.8% 62.2% 50 276 Virginia September-01 35.4% 0.7% 0.4% 3.2% 0.7% 59.5% 33 281 Texas November-96 51.7% 3.0% 0.6% 2.9% 1.2% 40.7% 41 301 Maryland January-47 61.2% 0.2% 1.1% 2.4% 0.8% 34.4% 43 302 Delaware January-47 56.8% 0.3% 1.7% 2.4% 0.6% 38.2% 38 303 Colorado January-47 67.5% 0.3% 1.1% 2.5% 2.2% 26.4% 36 304 West Virginia January-47 41.1% 0.8% 1.2% 1.9% 0.9% 53.9% 46 305 Florida January-47 58.2% 4.3% 0.5% 4.8% 1.7% 30.5% 35 307 Wyoming January-47 30.2% 0.3% 0.3% 2.1% 1.3% 65.7% 41 308 Nebraska January-55 17.0% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.2% 78.8% 46 309 Illinois January-57 36.7% 0.9% 0.3% 1.2% 1.0% 59.8% 51 310 California November-91 65.3% 0.7% 0.7% 3.1% 1.8% 28.4% 45 312 Illinois January-47 53.4% 1.3% 2.2% 1.9% 1.4% 39.8% 33 313 Michigan January-47 44.8% 1.5% 1.4% 3.1% 1.2% 47.9% 35 314 Missouri January-47 58.2% 2.8% 0.7% 2.5% 1.3% 34.5% 30 315 New York January-47 42.7% 1.1% 0.8% 1.7% 0.7% 53.1% 44 316 Kansas January-47 49.3% 3.5% 0.7% 1.8% 1.6% 43.1% 28 317 Indiana January-47 54.4% 1.9% 1.3% 2.6% 1.5% 38.3% 39 318 Louisiana January-57 36.1% 2.3% 0.3% 3.0% 1.9% 56.4% 38 319 Iowa January-47 42.4% 1.6% 0.7% 1.8% 1.5% 52.1% 59 17 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of June 30, 2008 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 320 Minnesota March-96 25.7% 0.9% 0.8% 1.6% 0.4% 70.7% 62 321 Florida November-99 57.7% 2.9% 0.6% 4.1% 1.0% 33.8% 39 323 California June-98 54.4% 0.5% 0.4% 5.0% 1.6% 38.0% 48 325 Texas April-03 29.7% 1.2% 1.3% 1.8% 1.8% 64.2% 32 330 Ohio March-96 47.1% 1.8% 0.4% 1.9% 1.0% 47.8% 41 331 Illinois October-07 12.3% 0.1% 0.1% 2.0% 10.4% 75.2% 10 334 Alabama January-95 32.1% 3.1% 0.5% 2.7% 1.2% 60.5% 57 336 North Carolina December-97 50.4% 3.3% 0.4% 3.5% 1.4% 41.1% 50 337 Louisiana October-99 36.3% 2.3% 0.4% 2.3% 0.6% 58.0% 39 339 Massachusetts May-01 35.1% 0.2% 1.1% 1.1% 0.9% 61.7% 17 340 Virgin Islands June-97 48.2% 4.3% 8.8% 11.4% 0.5% 26.9% 4 347 New York October-99 65.5% 0.7% 1.2% 6.1% 0.7% 25.8% 32 351 Massachusetts May-01 23.5% 0.0% 0.3% 2.5% 0.1% 73.6% 1 352 Florida December-95 47.7% 1.7% 0.1% 3.8% 0.9% 45.7% 37 360 Washington January-95 54.0% 0.3% 0.6% 2.3% 1.6% 41.3% 56 361 Texas February-99 26.9% 2.0% 0.4% 1.8% 1.4% 67.5% 33 386 Florida February-01 46.3% 3.4% 0.3% 3.3% 0.8% 45.9% 38 401 Rhode Island January-47 59.0% 0.1% 1.3% 1.9% 0.4% 37.4% 24 402 Nebraska January-47 40.0% 1.4% 0.6% 1.6% 0.8% 55.6% 55 404 Georgia January-47 65.6% 4.1% 0.5% 3.2% 2.5% 24.1% 37 405 Oklahoma January-47 46.0% 3.3% 0.6% 3.8% 1.2% 45.2% 40 406 Montana January-47 25.1% 0.3% 0.8% 1.5% 0.6% 71.7% 45 407 Florida April-88 54.8% 3.2% 0.4% 4.4% 0.9% 36.3% 41 408 California January-59 58.8% 2.4% 0.8% 2.4% 1.1% 34.5% 42 409 Texas November-82 31.8% 5.7% 0.3% 1.8% 1.3% 59.0% 34 410 Maryland October-91 61.8% 0.1% 1.9% 2.6% 0.8% 32.8% 40 412 Pennsylvania January-47 49.1% 0.1% 2.2% 2.1% 1.0% 45.5% 32 413 Massachusetts January-47 54.5% 0.2% 1.6% 1.7% 0.4% 41.6% 33 414 Wisconsin January-47 55.6% 1.4% 0.8% 3.0% 1.4% 37.7% 25 415 California January-47 53.1% 1.4% 0.8% 2.1% 1.6% 41.1% 42 417 Missouri January-50 31.6% 2.8% 0.4% 1.8% 1.2% 62.1% 48 419 Ohio January-47 36.1% 4.7% 0.4% 1.4% 1.3% 56.0% 63 423 Tennessee September-95 44.7% 2.4% 0.3% 3.1% 0.8% 48.6% 41 424 California August-06 33.4% 1.3% 2.6% 4.5% 1.7% 56.6% 33 425 Washington April-97 64.1% 0.2% 0.7% 2.2% 2.2% 30.6% 31 430 Texas February-03 8.7% 0.0% 0.0% 1.6% 16.6% 73.1% 7 432 Texas April-03 33.1% 2.8% 1.5% 3.0% 1.8% 57.7% 24 434 Virginia June-01 46.6% 0.7% 1.1% 4.0% 0.6% 47.1% 27 435 Utah September-97 30.3% 0.4% 0.7% 1.4% 1.0% 66.3% 48 440 Ohio August-97 47.9% 1.5% 0.4% 1.7% 0.6% 48.0% 36 442 California November-08 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 7 443 Maryland June-97 54.0% 0.1% 0.5% 2.8% 0.4% 42.1% 43 469 Texas July-99 56.2% 0.5% 0.8% 3.0% 1.2% 38.4% 37 478 Georgia August-00 38.4% 4.1% 0.4% 3.0% 1.0% 53.0% 41 479 Arkansas January-02 39.3% 3.6% 0.5% 2.5% 1.0% 53.1% 37 480 Arizona March-99 75.3% 0.3% 1.0% 4.3% 1.1% 18.1% 31 484 Pennsylvania June-99 39.0% 0.1% 1.5% 1.8% 0.2% 57.4% 46 501 Arkansas January-47 44.7% 3.9% 0.3% 2.3% 2.0% 46.7% 34 502 Kentucky January-47 49.8% 3.9% 0.6% 3.8% 2.0% 39.9% 33 503 Oregon January-47 60.7% 0.3% 0.6% 2.3% 1.8% 34.3% 48 504 Louisiana January-47 48.3% 4.2% 0.4% 3.5% 1.6% 42.2% 33 505 New Mexico January-47 54.0% 0.8% 0.9% 2.9% 1.4% 40.1% 37 507 Minnesota January-54 22.8% 0.7% 2.4% 1.2% 0.4% 72.5% 76 508 Massachusetts July-88 59.6% 0.1% 2.3% 2.2% 1.1% 34.7% 36 509 Washington January-57 49.0% 0.5% 0.6% 2.6% 1.3% 45.9% 50 18 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of June 30, 2008 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 510 California September-91 50.6% 2.5% 0.4% 2.8% 1.4% 42.2% 36 512 Texas January-47 57.8% 2.8% 1.1% 3.4% 2.2% 32.6% 38 513 Ohio January-47 58.8% 0.3% 0.6% 3.0% 1.3% 35.9% 32 515 Iowa January-47 56.0% 1.0% 0.9% 1.6% 1.0% 39.6% 48 516 New York January-51 55.7% 0.1% 1.7% 2.2% 0.8% 39.5% 35 517 Michigan January-47 39.1% 1.3% 0.8% 1.6% 1.5% 55.7% 55 518 New York January-47 49.1% 1.0% 0.7% 1.8% 0.7% 46.6% 45 520 Arizona March-95 60.5% 0.4% 0.8% 3.2% 1.1% 34.1% 40 530 California November-97 42.0% 0.7% 0.2% 1.6% 1.2% 54.2% 48 540 Virginia July-95 52.5% 0.2% 1.0% 3.0% 0.9% 42.4% 42 541 Oregon November-95 41.5% 0.3% 1.7% 2.0% 1.1% 53.4% 57 551 New Jersey December-01 69.0% 0.6% 0.5% 4.4% 0.2% 25.4% 12 559 California November-98 45.4% 1.7% 0.4% 2.5% 1.8% 48.3% 33 561 Florida May-96 61.0% 3.7% 0.6% 4.0% 1.6% 29.2% 38 562 California January-97 50.4% 0.2% 0.5% 3.6% 2.4% 42.9% 44 563 Iowa March-01 35.9% 1.4% 0.4% 2.1% 0.6% 59.6% 51 567 Ohio January-02 14.0% 2.6% 0.3% 0.5% 0.3% 82.3% 29 570 Pennsylvania December-98 42.8% 0.9% 2.0% 2.5% 0.7% 51.2% 46 571 Virginia March-00 61.9% 0.1% 1.0% 2.9% 0.6% 33.5% 33 573 Missouri January-96 31.1% 0.6% 0.5% 1.8% 0.5% 65.5% 45 574 Indiana January-02 41.5% 1.3% 0.9% 1.6% 0.9% 53.7% 35 575 New Mexico October-07 33.1% 0.9% 1.0% 1.8% 0.8% 62.5% 32 580 Oklahoma November-97 17.7% 2.1% 0.5% 1.1% 1.0% 77.6% 49 585 New York November-01 57.3% 1.0% 5.5% 1.2% 0.4% 34.6% 28 586 Michigan September-01 40.7% 0.5% 0.6% 1.6% 0.6% 56.0% 33 601 Mississippi January-47 32.5% 2.3% 0.5% 2.8% 2.4% 59.6% 43 602 Arizona January-47 65.8% 0.4% 1.0% 3.5% 1.0% 28.3% 31 603 New Hampshire January-47 49.3% 0.2% 1.0% 1.8% 0.6% 47.2% 48 605 South Dakota January-47 22.6% 0.4% 0.7% 1.4% 1.0% 73.9% 72 606 Kentucky January-55 26.4% 1.4% 0.6% 2.0% 1.8% 67.9% 40 607 New York January-54 39.1% 1.2% 0.5% 1.5% 0.3% 57.4% 29 608 Wisconsin January-55 41.0% 0.7% 1.0% 1.4% 1.5% 54.4% 68 609 New Jersey January-57 55.5% 0.2% 0.9% 2.2% 0.6% 40.6% 40 610 Pennsylvania January-94 57.4% 0.2% 2.5% 1.9% 0.7% 37.3% 51 612 Minnesota January-47 63.6% 0.2% 0.7% 2.4% 1.5% 31.6% 39 614 Ohio January-47 56.3% 1.8% 0.7% 2.5% 1.8% 36.9% 33 615 Tennessee January-54 56.3% 3.9% 0.4% 3.6% 1.4% 34.4% 34 616 Michigan January-47 48.9% 0.7% 0.6% 2.3% 1.7% 45.8% 38 617 Massachusetts January-47 62.3% 0.1% 3.2% 2.3% 1.0% 31.1% 34 618 Illinois January-47 33.9% 0.7% 0.8% 1.5% 1.2% 61.9% 52 619 California January-82 57.2% 1.4% 0.7% 3.2% 2.2% 35.3% 40 620 Kansas February-01 19.2% 3.5% 1.0% 1.1% 0.3% 74.9% 64 623 Arizona March-99 72.8% 0.8% 1.2% 5.3% 1.7% 18.3% 27 626 California June-97 54.1% 0.5% 0.5% 3.2% 1.5% 40.1% 47 630 Illinois August-96 50.9% 1.3% 1.5% 2.0% 1.2% 43.2% 30 631 New York November-99 51.1% 0.2% 1.1% 2.3% 0.6% 44.6% 34 636 Missouri May-99 40.5% 1.0% 0.8% 1.9% 0.8% 55.0% 27 641 Iowa July-00 28.1% 2.0% 0.2% 1.2% 0.3% 68.2% 62 646 New York July-99 77.0% 0.5% 0.9% 4.8% 0.8% 16.0% 37 650 California August-97 45.9% 2.9% 0.5% 2.0% 1.1% 47.6% 36 651 Minnesota July-98 67.4% 0.1% 1.1% 2.1% 1.1% 28.1% 46 657 California September-08 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 1 660 Missouri October-97 14.8% 0.5% 0.6% 1.1% 0.6% 82.5% 50 661 California February-99 49.2% 1.1% 0.4% 2.8% 2.1% 44.3% 48 662 Mississippi April-99 27.1% 2.0% 0.5% 2.3% 1.1% 67.0% 52 670 Northern Mariana Is. July-97 26.2% 0.0% 0.2% 0.9% 0.0% 72.7% 2 671 Guam July-97 29.6% 0.0% 0.0% 1.5% 0.4% 68.5% 7 678 Georgia January-98 52.6% 1.9% 0.8% 3.6% 0.9% 40.1% 48 682 Texas October-00 45.4% 0.5% 0.6% 3.2% 2.3% 47.9% 24 684 American Samoa October-04 67.9% 0.0% 2.8% 3.3% 1.6% 24.5% 1 19 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of June 30, 2008 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 701 North Dakota January-47 19.0% 0.5% 0.2% 1.0% 0.7% 78.7% 62 702 Nevada January-47 68.5% 0.8% 0.5% 5.8% 0.9% 23.6% 38 703 Virginia January-47 69.6% 0.1% 1.3% 2.3% 0.6% 26.1% 38 704 North Carolina January-47 54.0% 4.1% 0.5% 3.6% 1.6% 36.3% 39 706 Georgia May-92 43.1% 3.1% 0.6% 2.9% 1.3% 49.0% 69 707 California January-59 42.0% 2.3% 0.2% 1.7% 3.0% 50.7% 41 708 Illinois November-89 43.7% 0.4% 1.6% 1.9% 1.0% 51.5% 31 712 Iowa January-47 20.3% 1.5% 0.9% 1.0% 0.4% 75.8% 94 713 Texas January-47 58.6% 2.7% 1.1% 2.6% 1.1% 33.8% 37 714 California January-51 58.4% 0.6% 0.7% 3.7% 2.0% 34.7% 49 715 Wisconsin January-47 30.3% 0.8% 0.5% 1.5% 0.9% 66.0% 86 716 New York January-47 52.2% 1.2% 1.3% 2.3% 0.9% 42.1% 30 717 Pennsylvania January-47 57.1% 0.4% 1.2% 2.2% 1.0% 38.2% 37 718 New York September-84 65.8% 0.1% 2.1% 3.8% 1.2% 26.9% 31 719 Colorado March-88 49.2% 0.2% 0.6% 3.2% 1.2% 45.7% 44 720 Colorado June-98 65.4% 0.6% 2.0% 3.9% 1.5% 26.6% 30 724 Pennsylvania February-98 39.3% 0.6% 0.7% 1.6% 0.5% 57.3% 54 727 Florida July-98 58.0% 1.3% 0.8% 3.1% 2.9% 34.0% 36 731 Tennessee February-01 29.3% 1.6% 0.4% 2.6% 0.9% 65.2% 33 732 New Jersey June-97 53.6% 0.4% 1.6% 2.2% 0.7% 41.3% 37 734 Michigan December-97 44.9% 0.6% 0.7% 1.5% 1.1% 51.2% 46 740 Ohio December-97 35.3% 2.2% 0.3% 1.8% 0.9% 59.5% 43 747 California May-09 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 1 754 Florida August-01 70.9% 0.1% 0.0% 3.3% 1.5% 24.2% 9 757 Virginia July-96 63.2% 0.1% 1.3% 3.4% 0.7% 31.4% 25 760 California March-97 52.5% 1.4% 0.5% 3.2% 1.9% 40.5% 56 762 Georgia May-06 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 4 763 Minnesota February-00 61.1% 0.0% 1.2% 2.6% 1.1% 33.9% 46 765 Indiana February-97 30.9% 1.6% 0.3% 1.2% 0.9% 65.1% 52 769 Mississippi March-05 11.6% 0.2% 0.4% 1.8% 1.8% 84.1% 15 770 Georgia August-95 57.1% 7.0% 0.4% 2.9% 1.1% 31.4% 40 772 Florida February-02 53.3% 2.5% 0.3% 4.4% 3.0% 36.6% 34 773 Illinois October-96 54.5% 0.5% 1.0% 3.9% 0.8% 39.3% 32 774 Massachusetts May-01 32.1% 0.1% 1.0% 1.6% 0.5% 64.7% 28 775 Nevada December-98 46.0% 0.8% 0.5% 2.0% 1.5% 49.2% 39 779 Illinois March-07 33.1% 0.1% 2.1% 3.8% 0.2% 60.6% 13 781 Massachusetts September-97 47.0% 0.1% 1.1% 1.8% 0.6% 49.5% 33 785 Kansas July-97 22.6% 3.7% 0.5% 1.1% 1.1% 70.9% 58 786 Florida March-98 66.8% 0.7% 0.7% 4.7% 1.2% 25.9% 34 787 Puerto Rico March-96 60.2% 0.3% 0.8% 3.3% 1.2% 34.3% 13 801 Utah January-47 68.1% 0.8% 0.7% 2.6% 1.5% 26.3% 31 802 Vermont January-47 47.4% 0.1% 1.2% 0.8% 1.5% 48.9% 29 803 South Carolina January-47 50.3% 3.9% 0.3% 3.1% 1.6% 40.8% 53 804 Virginia June-73 59.4% 0.2% 1.8% 3.8% 0.9% 33.8% 29 805 California January-57 48.2% 0.8% 0.4% 2.1% 2.3% 46.1% 50 806 Texas January-57 25.9% 2.9% 0.3% 1.8% 1.6% 67.5% 43 808 Hawaii January-57 56.1% 0.2% 0.5% 2.2% 3.6% 37.4% 17 810 Michigan December-93 36.3% 0.5% 0.5% 2.0% 2.9% 57.8% 34 812 Indiana January-47 36.4% 1.4% 1.0% 2.1% 1.5% 57.6% 54 813 Florida January-53 60.2% 1.2% 1.0% 3.3% 2.6% 31.8% 37 814 Pennsylvania January-47 42.0% 0.6% 0.6% 1.3% 0.8% 54.7% 45 815 Illinois January-47 41.9% 1.0% 0.2% 1.5% 1.4% 54.0% 56 816 Missouri January-47 48.4% 2.8% 0.5% 2.7% 1.3% 44.3% 42 817 Texas January-53 51.1% 1.6% 0.7% 2.3% 2.9% 41.4% 39 818 California January-84 57.6% 0.9% 0.6% 3.4% 1.5% 35.9% 44 828 North Carolina March-98 45.5% 1.6% 0.4% 2.7% 1.3% 48.5% 37 830 Texas July-97 21.8% 0.9% 0.3% 1.4% 0.8% 74.7% 43 831 California July-98 44.0% 2.8% 0.2% 1.9% 1.8% 49.3% 37 832 Texas January-99 62.2% 0.5% 0.8% 5.8% 1.5% 29.2% 36 843 South Carolina March-98 46.6% 2.7% 0.3% 2.9% 2.1% 45.4% 47 20 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of June 30, 2008 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 845 New York June-00 48.8% 1.2% 0.8% 2.6% 1.0% 45.7% 46 847 Illinois January-96 59.0% 0.8% 1.6% 1.9% 1.5% 35.2% 31 848 New Jersey December-01 50.8% 0.0% 0.1% 3.4% 0.1% 45.5% 15 850 Florida June-97 41.9% 4.5% 0.9% 4.2% 1.1% 47.4% 49 856 New Jersey June-99 44.6% 0.3% 0.9% 2.3% 0.6% 51.4% 36 857 Massachusetts May-01 43.8% 0.0% 0.5% 2.8% 1.2% 51.7% 25 858 California June-99 54.2% 2.4% 0.9% 2.9% 2.1% 37.5% 35 859 Kentucky April-00 44.3% 1.6% 0.6% 2.4% 0.6% 50.4% 43 860 Connecticut August-95 49.7% 1.2% 1.1% 1.9% 1.1% 45.0% 28 862 New Jersey December-01 51.1% 0.3% 0.7% 4.7% 0.7% 42.5% 26 863 Florida September-99 42.3% 1.2% 0.9% 3.0% 2.2% 50.4% 40 864 South Carolina December-95 50.3% 3.2% 1.5% 3.2% 1.3% 40.5% 32 865 Tennessee November-99 53.0% 4.0% 0.5% 3.1% 1.1% 38.3% 31 870 Arkansas April-97 24.9% 2.9% 0.5% 1.8% 0.6% 69.2% 47 901 Tennessee January-47 59.8% 3.5% 0.6% 4.1% 1.2% 30.8% 28 903 Texas November-90 37.9% 3.0% 0.4% 2.5% 2.3% 53.9% 53 904 Florida July-65 57.5% 3.9% 0.5% 3.8% 1.6% 32.6% 38 906 Michigan March-61 17.4% 0.8% 0.4% 0.6% 1.3% 79.4% 25 907 Alaska January-57 26.4% 0.1% 3.3% 1.6% 0.5% 68.1% 39 908 New Jersey November-90 45.8% 0.3% 0.7% 1.8% 1.1% 50.3% 38 909 California November-92 58.7% 1.0% 0.7% 4.1% 1.9% 33.6% 47 910 North Carolina November-93 42.9% 2.2% 0.8% 3.7% 0.9% 49.5% 40 912 Georgia January-54 41.1% 4.3% 0.6% 2.9% 0.7% 50.3% 48 913 Kansas January-47 53.0% 1.5% 0.5% 2.3% 1.9% 40.8% 41 914 New York January-47 50.5% 0.2% 1.5% 2.0% 0.8% 45.0% 37 915 Texas January-47 56.6% 2.6% 0.4% 3.6% 6.2% 30.5% 25 916 California January-47 59.7% 1.0% 0.6% 2.9% 1.8% 33.9% 43 917 New York January-92 58.2% 0.2% 0.4% 2.1% 0.4% 38.7% 28 918 Oklahoma January-53 38.9% 2.9% 0.5% 2.0% 1.1% 54.6% 61 919 North Carolina January-54 56.8% 4.0% 0.7% 2.9% 1.5% 34.1% 39 920 Wisconsin July-97 35.8% 0.7% 1.1% 1.3% 1.1% 60.0% 60 925 California March-98 44.5% 2.5% 0.5% 1.9% 1.9% 48.7% 35 928 Arizona June-01 43.7% 0.8% 0.7% 1.8% 0.5% 52.5% 54 931 Tennessee September-97 36.0% 1.3% 0.8% 2.3% 0.7% 58.9% 40 936 Texas February-00 30.5% 2.0% 0.2% 1.6% 0.7% 65.0% 35 937 Ohio September-96 40.0% 1.4% 0.3% 1.8% 0.7% 55.7% 41 939 Puerto Rico September-01 39.5% 0.1% 3.0% 1.8% 0.3% 55.3% 7 940 Texas May-97 28.9% 1.7% 0.2% 2.0% 4.6% 62.7% 46 941 Florida May-95 54.0% 1.5% 0.8% 3.4% 2.2% 38.0% 39 947 Michigan September-02 90.9% 5.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 3.2% 3 949 California April-98 58.3% 1.1% 0.8% 2.8% 1.9% 35.0% 44 951 California July-04 67.0% 0.9% 0.5% 4.7% 2.1% 24.8% 41 952 Minnesota February-00 57.5% 0.2% 0.6% 1.9% 1.3% 38.4% 44 954 Florida September-95 56.3% 4.6% 0.6% 4.1% 1.5% 32.9% 37 956 Texas July-97 49.3% 3.0% 0.4% 3.8% 2.9% 40.7% 31 970 Colorado April-95 42.4% 0.2% 0.5% 2.0% 1.2% 53.6% 57 971 Oregon October-00 53.2% 1.8% 0.7% 4.2% 0.8% 39.2% 23 972 Texas September-96 53.6% 1.6% 0.7% 2.3% 2.2% 39.7% 38 973 New Jersey June-97 56.0% 0.3% 1.7% 2.7% 0.9% 38.3% 42 978 Massachusetts September-97 47.9% 0.1% 1.9% 1.7% 0.6% 47.7% 37 979 Texas February-00 28.1% 1.7% 0.7% 1.9% 1.9% 65.7% 38 980 North Carolina April-01 62.3% 0.6% 0.1% 3.9% 0.9% 32.2% 16 985 Louisiana February-01 38.2% 2.0% 0.5% 3.7% 1.1% 54.4% 36 989 Michigan April-01 28.0% 1.0% 0.9% 1.3% 1.2% 67.6% 45 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of September 30, 2008. Area code information is from NeuStar, Inc.'s website. 21 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 201 2,448 119 1,760 34 1,515 61 423 5 202 3,162 88 594 29 1,087 60 172 6 203 2,535 86 2,056 23 1,625 66 295 5 205 1,646 89 1,593 29 1,504 92 615 14 206 2,067 62 851 24 1,375 67 121 5 207 1,599 59 1,964 41 1,003 36 591 7 208 1,739 55 2,298 41 1,143 90 802 17 209 1,435 62 1,837 27 1,182 66 540 10 210 1,907 83 882 21 1,651 127 277 7 212 5,637 217 1,180 24 61 3 5 4 213 1,133 122 871 33 642 70 479 6 214 2,277 108 1,266 31 2,178 121 320 6 215 3,304 137 1,594 28 1,316 57 346 6 216 1,360 72 1,149 19 936 55 427 7 217 1,052 33 2,969 33 942 39 571 9 218 679 24 3,044 58 510 56 509 8 219 683 72 1,014 19 639 34 277 8 224 263 12 480 22 393 23 272 6 225 873 48 717 24 713 66 333 8 228 330 36 735 16 361 31 300 9 229 636 33 1,410 25 560 55 1,151 11 231 588 23 1,765 26 482 32 383 8 234 16 3 111 10 14 1 57 4 239 974 84 537 16 771 46 346 7 240 1,038 43 1,191 33 1,150 62 315 8 248 1,938 90 2,265 31 1,369 36 359 6 251 651 40 1,076 25 646 49 448 10 252 1,066 100 2,148 20 843 63 688 12 253 1,483 55 985 23 900 56 126 5 254 611 56 1,781 24 688 52 467 12 256 1,270 98 1,810 27 1,715 74 1,054 13 260 652 23 1,033 18 526 17 560 8 262 1,173 49 1,770 27 707 25 355 8 267 1,031 73 2,136 33 1,172 113 520 7 269 678 34 1,180 27 611 36 471 13 270 1,166 82 3,216 34 872 112 848 13 276 364 40 821 19 303 21 298 12 281 2,519 139 2,407 29 1,426 81 185 7 301 3,301 134 1,808 31 1,301 44 165 8 302 1,754 67 1,347 26 812 41 168 7 303 3,727 152 1,486 24 1,446 41 64 8 304 1,428 52 2,758 24 1,298 77 759 15 305 2,770 203 958 23 1,314 85 182 6 307 557 23 1,234 26 476 48 1,007 14 308 260 15 1,871 38 287 15 658 8 309 1,344 42 3,010 38 757 26 375 10 310 3,216 133 1,205 33 1,957 109 245 6 312 2,587 70 1,193 24 802 42 627 6 313 1,389 80 1,276 27 1,236 101 839 6 314 1,919 70 1,173 19 1,529 76 360 8 315 1,344 46 2,524 33 1,122 53 350 7 316 559 18 805 14 587 24 95 10 317 1,893 79 1,815 28 1,476 80 166 8 318 1,031 70 1,813 25 968 97 1,142 10 319 1,179 49 1,770 50 587 25 376 7 320 569 34 2,215 51 361 25 324 9 321 884 43 663 27 833 57 237 7 323 1,824 112 1,518 34 1,770 223 649 7 325 380 12 1,053 19 320 30 192 10 330 1,766 64 2,272 28 1,661 76 579 11 22 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 331 0 0 23 6 12 2 55 4 334 949 67 1,921 42 872 81 1,269 13 336 1,789 117 1,848 39 1,419 104 487 10 337 856 56 1,446 26 821 52 1,032 9 339 66 2 178 13 91 3 98 4 340 63 29 51 1 105 11 43 3 347 735 44 495 26 2,512 256 784 6 351 0 0 0 0 2 0 7 1 352 1,124 94 1,185 22 1,048 80 597 10 360 2,224 78 2,130 46 1,371 72 469 7 361 561 25 1,146 21 663 56 668 9 386 691 49 782 27 615 45 339 8 401 2,124 53 1,497 15 909 43 219 6 402 1,758 39 3,231 42 1,138 76 702 11 404 2,131 92 768 26 2,106 117 152 8 405 1,413 55 1,789 24 1,165 157 426 13 406 906 33 3,419 37 699 61 1,164 7 407 1,985 178 1,503 29 1,509 93 351 7 408 2,666 101 1,469 30 1,506 68 360 6 409 530 24 1,025 20 541 37 324 9 410 3,581 157 1,523 29 1,185 44 134 6 412 1,700 76 2,025 23 1,176 44 328 6 413 1,743 42 1,568 23 633 33 133 7 414 1,248 62 887 14 927 56 231 7 415 2,361 89 2,007 30 1,251 48 225 6 417 765 36 2,273 34 761 51 646 10 419 1,385 56 2,806 49 1,252 48 818 12 423 1,211 84 1,717 29 1,198 83 655 10 424 128 5 257 27 127 29 175 6 425 2,022 58 1,206 24 945 46 106 5 430 1 0 31 4 4 1 14 3 432 290 13 807 15 377 27 273 6 434 684 63 889 15 528 42 285 9 435 613 21 1,490 32 457 27 778 14 440 1,363 52 1,790 26 1,048 32 346 8 442 0 0 292 6 0 0 92 1 443 1,473 69 1,931 32 1,708 97 545 8 469 590 25 738 30 718 44 146 6 478 608 35 870 26 521 41 609 11 479 656 27 1,217 25 647 55 468 7 480 2,100 108 661 20 1,231 80 108 7 484 1,311 52 2,829 36 843 47 338 9 501 1,212 38 1,453 22 864 69 552 9 502 1,153 101 1,173 21 1,131 71 439 9 503 2,798 100 2,042 40 1,684 68 195 6 504 1,134 65 1,043 20 966 87 372 9 505 1,468 49 1,226 21 1,312 100 611 13 507 698 27 3,288 64 547 38 640 10 508 3,089 119 2,120 28 1,320 43 245 5 509 1,665 87 1,843 36 1,102 61 687 10 510 1,930 109 1,636 24 1,408 72 498 6 512 2,268 109 1,333 26 1,484 94 270 8 513 1,988 67 1,306 21 1,393 105 369 8 515 1,731 46 1,357 35 677 22 308 10 516 1,690 80 1,212 26 1,466 46 538 6 517 957 31 1,601 42 728 36 436 11 518 1,518 51 1,996 31 1,081 47 251 7 520 1,500 59 841 28 1,063 77 333 8 530 1,599 52 2,559 35 925 46 447 10 540 1,504 72 1,258 30 1,209 83 817 9 23 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 541 1,491 73 2,504 42 1,181 54 823 12 551 13 1 15 8 160 10 48 4 559 1,364 63 2,002 24 1,188 75 252 6 561 1,774 103 710 26 1,168 60 305 7 562 1,436 88 1,398 30 1,256 104 426 7 563 604 39 1,349 43 375 17 249 7 567 73 1 812 21 90 5 149 8 570 1,462 93 2,276 35 1,067 45 608 9 571 309 15 290 26 628 29 199 5 573 854 49 2,778 31 843 49 698 10 574 633 23 940 24 544 22 503 8 575 523 22 1,310 22 353 25 335 9 580 528 21 3,689 30 588 42 1,197 15 585 1,484 11 1,068 18 903 39 206 8 586 748 35 939 25 731 22 592 6 601 1,178 87 2,907 27 1,177 118 1,176 13 602 2,322 86 730 20 1,598 121 381 7 603 2,245 87 2,418 34 1,085 35 650 10 605 724 32 3,372 63 578 49 888 8 606 679 36 2,297 25 624 63 1,034 13 607 735 26 1,672 21 578 24 223 7 608 1,154 39 1,850 55 915 32 683 10 609 1,825 74 1,674 29 1,469 57 453 7 610 3,069 108 2,115 39 1,263 31 219 7 612 1,181 38 830 30 1,349 55 176 7 614 2,054 92 1,520 25 1,329 56 265 6 615 1,865 132 1,443 23 1,420 81 217 8 616 986 40 1,097 25 807 42 222 10 617 3,321 130 1,844 26 1,398 46 276 5 618 1,029 37 2,819 36 950 50 587 13 619 1,699 90 1,009 28 1,701 100 391 6 620 589 34 3,027 45 424 22 936 16 623 814 57 228 17 550 41 82 7 626 1,574 75 1,303 34 1,313 97 296 6 630 2,309 92 1,779 21 1,515 58 1,118 6 631 1,864 87 2,219 26 1,140 51 204 5 636 835 39 1,374 18 387 18 209 7 641 922 34 2,351 50 326 17 672 11 646 1,593 71 354 30 2,263 170 447 7 650 1,897 85 2,238 24 856 35 216 6 651 1,641 48 807 37 776 26 98 7 657 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 660 285 27 2,746 35 282 15 424 14 661 1,313 59 1,400 35 1,051 74 214 7 662 828 60 2,608 36 773 73 1,253 14 670 0 0 0 0 16 1 44 2 671 92 7 329 2 74 2 54 5 678 1,840 141 2,406 33 1,848 113 368 12 682 128 3 271 17 219 21 76 6 684 0 0 0 0 20 1 7 1 701 627 18 3,618 53 514 41 1,112 8 702 2,257 203 955 26 1,774 140 199 8 703 3,826 145 1,552 30 1,564 34 93 5 704 2,414 130 1,913 30 1,672 141 420 7 706 1,749 92 2,036 44 1,436 118 1,319 18 707 1,632 64 2,453 27 1,058 48 380 9 708 1,533 63 1,764 21 1,125 50 817 7 712 547 26 2,622 81 362 21 765 13 713 2,965 125 1,577 26 1,383 68 85 7 714 2,431 127 1,436 34 2,081 159 393 7 24 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 715 984 27 2,620 67 834 61 1,277 15 716 1,335 59 1,476 21 1,085 47 284 8 717 2,022 69 1,860 27 1,510 63 299 6 718 3,898 227 1,909 25 933 55 68 5 719 1,283 86 1,437 30 815 50 363 10 720 1,067 49 565 21 1,092 79 306 7 724 1,295 60 2,943 40 1,086 37 400 11 727 1,452 62 956 24 1,017 53 238 7 731 422 45 1,247 22 421 29 546 9 732 2,653 111 2,182 28 1,362 53 299 6 734 1,316 50 2,266 37 1,145 30 278 7 740 1,099 51 2,424 28 975 55 753 12 747 0 0 10 1 0 0 0 754 35 0 7 6 114 7 44 3 757 2,253 103 1,025 14 1,554 101 520 7 760 2,061 113 1,926 38 1,660 116 417 11 762 0 0 30 2 0 0 20 2 763 1,097 48 777 37 425 16 39 7 765 937 33 2,604 39 815 38 927 10 769 7 1 91 8 30 5 178 7 770 3,052 175 1,641 26 1,286 46 82 10 772 601 52 340 22 421 24 250 8 773 1,886 102 1,516 23 1,984 177 910 6 774 247 13 923 22 459 23 504 5 775 915 31 1,275 27 598 35 294 9 779 8 0 40 9 23 3 18 4 781 2,627 105 2,853 25 724 23 379 5 785 725 34 3,123 42 543 29 824 13 786 590 27 425 25 1,276 89 266 6 787 1,880 8 1,558 5 2,476 230 886 7 801 3,286 114 1,510 23 1,675 78 155 6 802 1,757 25 1,952 20 429 14 276 5 803 1,721 68 1,510 39 1,282 118 593 12 804 1,829 120 1,084 18 1,198 74 361 7 805 1,845 73 2,016 37 1,309 62 520 7 806 596 26 2,558 30 659 62 693 11 808 1,612 43 1,257 9 1,211 66 209 6 810 616 47 1,445 23 720 28 368 9 812 1,184 82 2,482 40 1,057 49 937 10 813 1,955 92 953 26 1,286 77 381 7 814 1,339 41 2,443 28 925 28 452 14 815 1,577 53 2,978 43 1,292 48 476 10 816 1,390 79 1,921 28 1,179 64 220 10 817 2,199 96 2,401 30 1,568 74 193 6 818 2,455 123 1,342 31 1,793 127 392 6 828 1,109 59 1,475 27 920 61 554 9 830 428 19 1,293 27 392 34 315 11 831 912 32 1,222 24 574 32 168 7 832 760 63 972 27 2,105 204 275 6 843 1,637 80 2,038 35 1,355 105 644 11 845 1,449 49 1,682 36 902 73 303 7 847 3,154 111 1,893 22 1,378 31 500 6 848 6 0 39 11 132 9 84 4 850 1,287 147 1,920 30 1,226 96 769 14 856 1,474 70 1,979 27 706 42 201 6 857 154 6 277 20 239 19 187 5 858 1,399 80 1,044 25 584 26 120 6 859 1,038 42 1,650 27 893 63 433 12 860 2,058 60 2,529 19 1,445 70 321 6 862 66 7 140 21 324 29 185 5 25 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 863 717 48 851 26 644 45 568 10 864 1,297 75 1,331 25 1,157 80 393 6 865 860 48 832 22 800 49 150 7 870 767 45 2,959 34 800 66 1,284 11 901 1,306 79 750 19 1,091 85 138 7 903 1,128 66 2,213 34 1,160 86 793 15 904 1,682 95 1,021 25 1,277 100 356 8 906 230 8 1,449 18 244 10 712 7 907 931 44 3,088 25 541 43 698 13 908 1,401 64 2,080 30 1,213 40 613 5 909 1,760 103 795 33 1,524 126 337 7 910 1,264 114 1,981 29 1,205 96 725 9 912 829 48 1,141 31 786 67 752 14 913 1,042 40 1,106 27 759 39 133 10 914 1,560 67 1,410 29 992 32 574 5 915 642 33 433 14 644 48 144 8 916 2,266 112 1,392 31 1,523 70 287 7 917 692 19 226 20 2,972 113 420 5 918 1,345 60 2,672 43 1,175 68 696 16 919 2,263 91 1,567 27 1,595 109 420 10 920 1,174 39 1,988 41 1,013 40 1,131 15 925 1,566 70 1,965 23 859 33 292 6 928 1,066 27 1,410 36 737 45 674 14 931 643 44 1,528 27 700 41 513 10 936 580 17 1,073 22 385 32 248 8 937 1,352 52 2,501 27 1,135 59 536 11 939 3 0 97 2 128 6 87 5 940 479 30 1,581 30 442 34 383 13 941 956 55 621 26 687 36 332 8 947 1 0 11 2 600 0 10 1 949 1,744 95 1,086 32 911 32 146 6 951 1,276 82 637 30 1,353 103 240 7 952 1,320 43 964 36 353 13 30 6 954 2,128 147 1,176 27 1,536 87 279 6 956 853 45 719 18 1,358 126 652 10 970 1,305 58 2,027 39 925 49 738 13 971 118 16 214 17 246 13 55 6 972 3,128 134 2,395 28 815 37 99 7 973 2,985 147 2,119 31 1,315 59 300 8 978 2,472 90 2,867 28 942 34 320 6 979 486 16 1,051 22 383 32 285 9 980 99 2 48 9 137 13 74 7 985 626 68 1,048 23 614 52 605 11 989 781 30 2,436 29 707 36 741 14 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of September 30, 2008. 26 Table 8 Pooled Thousands-blocks as of June 30, 2008 Incumbent LECs and CLECs Cellular/PCS Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks State blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled Alabama 745 9,826 7.58 1,642 8,002 20.52 Alaska 0 811 0.00 24 285 8.42 Arizona 1,340 11,193 11.97 2,072 6,991 29.64 Arkansas 579 5,741 10.09 538 4,049 13.29 California 12,368 94,177 13.13 15,633 45,149 34.63 Colorado 1,435 12,487 11.49 1,215 5,800 20.95 Connecticut 1,209 9,936 12.17 1,220 3,870 31.52 Delaware 461 3,292 14.00 344 1,031 33.37 District of Columbia 352 4,006 8.79 512 1,340 38.21 Florida 5,358 39,668 13.51 6,929 23,958 28.92 Georgia 1,920 20,866 9.20 2,608 12,103 21.55 Guam 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Hawaii 144 3,043 4.73 396 1,500 26.40 Idaho 326 3,273 9.96 379 1,912 19.82 Illinois 6,256 34,936 17.91 4,508 18,109 24.89 Indiana 1,546 14,871 10.40 1,658 8,010 20.70 Iowa 477 5,589 8.53 807 4,396 18.36 Kansas 596 7,537 7.91 936 3,798 24.64 Kentucky 718 10,535 6.82 1,186 5,852 20.27 Louisiana 931 10,129 9.19 1,715 6,960 24.64 Maine 534 2,497 21.39 460 1,610 28.57 Maryland 2,210 16,648 13.27 2,314 6,829 33.88 Massachusetts 3,844 28,037 13.71 2,429 8,279 29.34 Michigan 3,993 27,532 14.50 3,716 14,592 25.47 Minnesota 1,494 13,795 10.83 1,215 6,342 19.16 Mississippi 614 7,187 8.54 666 4,535 14.69 Missouri 1,744 16,562 10.53 1,833 7,845 23.37 Montana 253 2,100 12.05 85 1,224 6.94 Nebraska 284 3,549 8.00 359 2,490 14.42 Nevada 548 5,273 10.39 1,189 3,024 39.32 New Hampshire 797 4,663 17.09 425 1,772 23.98 New Jersey 4,105 26,452 15.52 3,355 11,269 29.77 New Mexico 305 3,319 9.19 659 2,301 28.64 New York 7,652 46,991 16.28 9,983 23,916 41.74 North Carolina 2,469 20,501 12.04 2,539 11,840 21.44 North Dakota 50 1,357 3.68 88 774 11.37 Northern Marianas 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Ohio 3,393 28,994 11.70 3,017 14,837 20.33 Oklahoma 751 8,019 9.37 1,230 4,702 26.16 Oregon 894 8,015 11.15 1,241 4,253 29.18 Pennsylvania 5,328 35,542 14.99 4,800 14,175 33.86 Puerto Rico 209 3,392 6.16 664 3,749 17.71 Rhode Island 283 3,782 7.48 342 1,182 28.93 South Carolina 1,037 8,534 12.15 1,189 5,676 20.95 South Dakota 61 1,199 5.09 114 982 11.61 Tennessee 1,718 13,258 12.96 1,750 8,100 21.60 Texas 5,689 53,899 10.55 10,533 29,769 35.38 Utah 1,233 6,255 19.71 646 2,906 22.23 Vermont 256 3,271 7.83 253 719 35.19 Virgin Islands 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Virginia 2,370 17,482 13.56 2,901 10,027 28.93 Washington 1,736 16,344 10.62 2,097 7,622 27.51 West Virginia 435 3,455 12.59 457 2,075 22.02 Wisconsin 1,178 11,842 9.95 977 7,503 13.02 Wyoming 114 1,098 10.38 45 794 5.67 Totals 94,342 752,760 12.53 107,893 390,828 27.61 Source: Pooling data provided by NeuStar. 1 Includes only those thousands-blocks in rate centers with pooling. NM - Not meaningful. 27 Table 9 Increased Utilization and Telephone Numbers Saved due to Thousands-Block Pooling as of June 30, 2008 Numbers Numbers Needed Utilization had Increased Utilization Numbers Assigned Total Percent had Whole NXXs Whole NXXs of Thousands-blocks Saved Due Carrier Type OCNs to End-users 1 Numbers 1 Utilized Been Issued Been Issued due to Pooling to Pooling Incumbent LEC 236 6,015,337 9,508,000 63.3% 33,570,000 17.9% 45.3% 24,062,000 Cellular/PCS 577 79,951,112 107,414,000 74.4% 171,680,000 46.6% 27.9% 64,266,000 CLEC 1,143 34,214,623 74,968,000 45.6% 341,670,000 10.0% 35.6% 266,702,000 Total 1,956 120,191,038 191,900,000 62.6% 546,930,000 22.0% 40.7% 355,030,000 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in pooled blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of September 30, 2008. NeuStar also provided data on Thousands-block pooling. Table 10 Number Utilization for Specialized Nongeographic Area Codes as of June 30, 2008 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Specialized Area Codes (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs 3,359 805 661 571 5 659 6,060 605 55.4% 13.3% 10.9% 9.4% 0.1% 10.9% 100.0% 362 10 1 1 0 577 950 94 38.1% 1.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 60.7% 100.0% 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of September 30, 2008. 500 900 28 Figure 1 Incumbent LECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 29 Figure 2 Cellular/PCS Carriers: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 30 Figure 3 CLECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 31 Figure 4 Paging Carriers: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 32 Table 11 Alternate Sources of NPA-NXX Assignments 1 NPA-NXXs that appear in NRUF NANPA LERG NXXs All Three Databases NRUF, NANPA and LERG 999136,773 Two of the Three Databases NRUF and NANPA 99372 NANPA and LERG 993,444 NRUF and LERG 228 Only One Database NRUF 9 520 NANPA 9 578 LERG 9 291 Total NXXs in Database. 137,893 141,167 140,736 Sources: NANPA's NPA-NXX; assignments database as of October 1, 2008; the LERG, as of October 1, 2008; NRUF June 30, 2008 database (NRUF forms filed as of September 30, 2008). 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Table 12 Utilization over Time Carrier Type ILEC Cellular/PCS CLEC Paging Overall December 2000 52.1% 46.2% 9.8% 26.3% 40.1% June 2001 52.1% 45.3% 10.9% 24.8% 39.6% December 2001 52.5% 47.2% 11.4% 20.2% 39.7% June 2002 52.2% 47.5% 10.4% 17.6% 39.2% December 2002 52.2% 47.8% 10.6% 17.0% 39.2% June 2003 53.2% 49.0% 10.7% 14.3% 39.9% December 2003 52.6% 50.6% 10.6% 13.0% 39.5% June 2004 54.5% 53.9% 14.8% 10.9% 42.3% December 2004 53.5% 54.6% 16.4% 10.3% 42.2% June 2005 52.8% 56.9% 18.1% 9.9% 43.0% December 2005 52.4% 59.1% 19.7% 8.6% 43.4% June 2006 50.2% 60.4% 20.5% 8.1% 43.3% December 2006 49.3% 63.3% 21.5% 8.0% 44.2% June 2007 50.8% 64.8% 25.4% 7.5% 46.7% December 2007 50.7% 65.0% 26.9% 7.1% 47.1% June 2008 50.3% 65.3% 30.4% 6.6% 48.1% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports filed with NeuStar, Inc. Note: Starting with June 2006 data, where an RBOC has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. 33 Table 13 NPA-NXX Assignments, Returns and Net Assignments NPA-NXXs NPA-NXXs Net Quarter Assigned Returned Assignments 1998 Q3 1,554 0 1,554 1998 Q4 2,375 0 2,375 1999 Q1 3,019 0 3,019 1999 Q2 4,693 95 4,598 1999 Q3 4,202 164 4,038 1999 Q4 3,993 545 3,448 2000 Q1 4,552 775 3,777 FCC Issued First NRO Order 1 2000 Q2 4,126 923 3,203 2000 Q3 3,497 818 2,679 2000 Q4 3,235 1,146 2,089 FCC Issued Second NRO Order 1 2001 Q1 3,095 1,725 1,370 2001 Q2 3,136 1,320 1,816 2001 Q3 2,112 1,611 501 2001 Q4 2,055 1,402 653 FCC Issued Third NRO Order 1 2002 Q1 1,731 1,199 532 2002 Q2 2,392 1,260 1,132 2002 Q3 1,954 587 1,367 2002 Q4 1,101 558 543 2003 Q1 897 533 364 2003 Q2 1,007 431 576 FCC Issued Fourth NRO Order 1 2003 Q3 802 580 222 2003 Q4 539 244 295 2004 Q1 888 182 706 2004 Q2 728 323 405 2004 Q3 748 160 588 2004 Q4 761 319 442 2005 Q1 1,113 249 864 2005 Q2 778 330 448 2005 Q3 716 246 470 2005 Q4 705 203 502 2006 Q1 1,165 194 971 2006 Q2 944 175 769 2006 Q3 883 137 746 2006 Q4 987 188 799 2007 Q1 1,117 170 947 2007 Q2 768 195 573 2007 Q3 747 173 574 2007 Q4 584 211 373 2008 Q1 720 166 554 2008 Q2 804 96 708 2008 Q3 699 149 550 1 See text footnote 2 for full citation. Source: NPA-NXX data from NeuStar, Inc. NPA-NXX Assigments, Returns, and Net Assignments 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 1998 Q 3 1998 Q 4 1999 Q 1 1999 Q 2 1999 Q 3 1999 Q 4 2000 Q 1 2000 Q 2 2000 Q 3 2000 Q 4 2001 Q 1 2001 Q 2 2001 Q 3 2001 Q 4 2002 Q 1 2002 Q 2 2002 Q 3 2002 Q 4 2003 Q 1 2003 Q 2 2003 Q 3 2003 Q 4 2004 Q 1 2004 Q 2 2004 Q 3 2004 Q 4 2005 Q 1 2005 Q 2 2005 Q 3 2005 Q 4 2006 Q 1 2006 Q 2 2006 Q 3 2006 Q 4 2007 Q 1 2007 Q 2 2007 Q 3 2007 Q 4 2008 Q 1 2008 Q 2 2008 Q 3 Assignments Returns Net Assignments 34 Table 14 Telephone Number Porting Activity Since Wireless Pooling Started 1 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Month Wireline Wireless Wireless 2 Wireline Total (thousands) (thousands) 2003 November 3 561 2 61 1 625 December 638 12 756 1 1,407 2004 January 809 24 713 1 1,547 February 711 65 591 2 1,369 March 776 79 632 1 1,488 April 718 49 613 1 1,381 May 756 73 689 1 1,519 June 789 165 873 2 1,829 July 656 143 806 3 1,608 August 4 786 95 824 * 1,705 September 701 43 787 1 1,532 October 899 97 738 1 1,735 November 736 131 736 2 1,605 December 692 86 910 1 1,689 2005 January 698 53 808 2 1,561 February 936 81 735 1 1,753 March 1,257 74 815 2 2,148 April 959 55 797 1 1,812 May 892 56 862 1 1,811 June 1,064 38 1,153 2 2,257 July 1,006 62 982 2 2,052 August 1,203 42 933 2 2,179 September 1,114 31 835 2 1,982 October 991 37 866 2 1,896 November 1,023 29 826 2 1,880 December 1,079 22 1,031 2 2,135 2006 January 1,242 37 879 4 2,162 February 1,347 22 807 3 2,178 March 1,422 19 876 2 2,319 April 1,095 19 747 2 1,863 May 1,213 46 813 2 2,073 June 1,010 30 862 2 1,904 July 960 55 866 1 1,883 August 1,111 61 953 2 2,127 September 941 36 839 2 1,818 October 1,049 33 823 2 1,908 November 907 40 812 3 1,762 December 977 41 993 2 2,013 2007 January 902 31 1,021 2 1,956 February 864 45 1,049 2 1,960 March 1,035 40 1,155 2 2,232 April 926 33 1,112 2 2,072 May 973 45 1,083 3 2,103 June 1,026 82 1,095 3 2,207 July 1,288 124 1,136 3 2,550 August 1,440 149 1,135 5 2,728 September 1,235 90 1,012 3 2,340 October 1,539 93 1,027 2 2,661 November 1,302 111 1,187 3 2,603 December 2,500 53 1,274 2 3,829 2008 January 1,293 19 5 1,102 3 2,418 February 1,220 24 1,079 2 2,326 March 1,473 19 1,085 4 2,582 April 1,420 21 987 3 2,430 May 1,232 22 1,069 3 2,326 June 1,176 19 1,113 2 2,311 July 1,289 39 1,383 3 2,715 August 1,410 48 1,410 4 2,873 September 1,207 47 1,212 4 2,471 Cumulative Total 62,474 3,240 54,370 126 120,210 * Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Monthly figures include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 3 Wireless porting started November 24, 2003. These figures include all ports during the month of November, which for ports from or to a wireless carrier, includes a small number of test ports that happened prior to November 24. 4 Due to a data problem, figure does not include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger in October 2004. 5 In late 2007, some wireline carriers completed plans to transfer groups of numbers to the wireless carriers that were providing service to end users using those numbers. In many cases, the whole block could not be reassigned in the LERG so number porting was used to effectuate the transfer. 35 Table 15 Telephone Numbers Remaining in the Porting Database at the End of Each Quarter 1 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Total Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless 2 Wireline (In Thousands) (In Thousands) 1999 Second 1,840 * * * 1,840 Third 2,658 * * * 2,658 Fourth 3,854 * * * 3,854 2000 First 5,029 * * * 5,029 Second 5,781 * * * 5,781 Third 7,595 * * * 7,595 Fourth 9,146 * * * 9,146 2001 First 10,567 * * * 10,567 Second 12,310 * * * 12,310 Third 14,610 * * * 14,610 Fourth 15,519 * * * 15,519 2002 First 16,810 * * * 16,810 Second 18,210 * * * 18,210 Third 19,862 * * * 19,862 Fourth 21,449 * * * 21,449 2003 First 22,781 * * * 22,781 Second 23,723 * * * 23,723 Third 24,796 * * * 24,796 Fourth 25,869 16 795 2 26,682 2004 First 28,462 173 2,686 3 31,324 Second 28,371 406 4,635 4 33,417 Third 29,396 667 6,874 9 36,945 Fourth 30,607 832 9,041 11 41,491 2005 First 32,399 1,001 10,860 16 44,276 Second 34,169 1,092 12,956 19 48,236 Third 36,013 1,201 14,804 23 52,041 Fourth 37,608 1,246 16,101 29 54,983 2006 First 40,194 1,272 17,577 34 59,077 Second 42,130 1,333 19,032 42 62,538 Third 43,743 1,407 20,509 46 65,705 Fourth 45,149 1,480 21,920 50 68,600 2007 First 46,761 1,541 23,518 50 71,870 Second 48,396 1,659 25,399 54 75,508 Third 3 50,222 2,057 27,068 116 79,463 Fourth 53,168 2,031 29,065 120 84,384 2008 First 55,095 2,075 30,605 127 87,902 Second 56,114 2,067 32,024 153 90,359 Third 57,217 2,175 34,089 156 93,637 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small but unknown number of wireless test ports were conducted before November 24, 2003. The remaining wireless-related ports appear to be artifacts of divining the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 1 Numbers ported because customer changed carriers. The database contains the date when the telephone number record was last updated. For most telephone numbers, this was the most recent port. For those telephone numbers affected by area code changes, however, the date refers to when the record was updated to reflect the new area code. See the text for a fuller discussion. 3 Starting with the July 2007 data, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers that have been ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously, the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. 36 Table 16 Numbers in the Porting Database by Quarter in Which They Were Most Recently Ported 1 September 30, 2008 2 Ported During Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless Wireline (In Thousands) (In Thousands) 1998 First 0 3 *** Second 3 * * * Third 37 * * * Fourth 113 * * * 1999 First 195 * * * Second 309 * * * Third 325 * * * Fourth 407 * * * 2000 First 432 * * * Second 497 * * * Third 617 * * * Fourth 693 * * * 2001 First 632 * * * Second 792 * * * Third 796 * * * Fourth 992 * * * 2002 First 825 * * * Second 930 * * * Third 1,126 * * * Fourth 955 * * * 2003 First 869 * * * Second 1,027 * * * Third 1,029 * * * Fourth 1,006 8 347 2 2004 First 1,357 105 781 3 Second 1,367 101 900 8 Third 1,372 164 1,078 8 Fourth 1,327 105 1,124 5 2005 First 1,616 81 1,087 4 Second 1,719 72 1,185 3 Third 1,981 93 1,374 4 Fourth 1,820 64 1,419 13 2006 First 2,545 54 1,416 4 Second 2,100 68 1,495 4 Third 1,877 121 1,773 5 Fourth 1,860 102 1,909 5 2007 First 2,026 100 1,967 5 Second 2,273 138 2,070 4 Third 2,943 258 2,450 24 Fourth 4,502 231 2,787 8 2008 First 3,248 74 4 2,692 7 Second 3,268 80 2,684 7 Third 3,439 153 3,550 7 1 The vast majority of these numbers are ported because customer changed carriers. 3 Number is between 0 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 2 The local number portability database was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. As such, it retains only the most recent porting activity for any given number. So if a consumer ports a number from Carrier A to Carrier B, and later the consumer then ports the number from Carrier B to Carrier C, the database will not reflect the original port from Carrier A to Carrier B. Also, numbers that revert back to the original carrier (either because the customer ports the number back to the original carrier or because the customer discontinues service with that number) are dropped from the database. Lastly, area code splits can make a number appear to be ported later than it actually was. Starting with the July 2007 edition of this report, the methodology for determining whether a number was ported away from a wireline or a wireless carrier changed. Rather than relying on the carrier type of the most recent port, the numbers now reflect the original carrier type, based on the carrier that is assigned the thousands block of the donated number. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small but unknown number of wireless test ports were conducted before November 24, 2003. The remaining wireless-related ports appear to be artifacts of divining the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 4 In late 2007, some wireline carriers completed plans to transfer groups of numbers to the wireless carriers that were providing service to end users using those numbers. In many cases, the whole block could not be reassigned in the LERG so number porting was used to effectuate the transfer. 37 Table 17 Ports Between Carrier Types, September 30, 2008 (in thousands) Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless State to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Total Alabama 444 68 373 1 886 Alaska 143 15 196 1 354 Arizona 1,413 18 719 4 2,155 Arkansas 190 161 109 ** 460 California 8,566 87 4,409 23 13,084 Colorado 998 25 645 3 1,670 Connecticut 747 16 396 2 1,161 Delaware 324 1 83 1 409 District of Columbia 416 4 154 2 576 Florida 3,088 94 2,517 9 5,708 Georgia 1,475 167 1,018 9 2,668 Guam * 0 * 0 6 Hawaii 212 4 178 ** 394 Idaho 119 10 160 ** 289 Illinois 2,560 50 1,577 8 4,195 Indiana 709 52 514 3 1,278 Iowa 297 9 230 ** 536 Kansas 462 224 244 1 931 Kentucky 382 57 345 2 785 Louisiana 495 13 374 2 885 Maine 304 19 100 1 423 Maryland 1,008 12 735 3 1,758 Massachusetts 2,330 32 889 4 3,255 Michigan 2,016 44 1,388 3 3,451 Minnesota 1,251 26 721 4 2,002 Mississippi 147 20 167 ** 334 Missouri 739 74 564 1 1,378 Montana 75 6 54 ** 135 Nebraska 261 26 139 ** 426 Nevada 563 7 276 1 847 New Hampshire 312 10 135 1 458 New Jersey 1,660 19 1,009 5 2,694 New Mexico 159 11 143 1 313 New York 4,988 68 2,516 9 7,582 North Carolina 1,285 82 843 3 2,214 North Dakota 71 * 42 * 116 Northern Mariana Is 0 * * * ** Ohio 1,793 49 1,250 6 3,098 Oklahoma 425 36 381 4 846 Oregon 679 26 427 1 1,133 Pennsylvania 2,592 27 1,431 6 4,055 Puerto Rico 30 47 319 ** 395 Rhode Island 267 4 131 1 403 South Carolina 551 38 347 1 937 South Dakota 111 3 48 ** 162 Tennessee 956 27 594 3 1,580 Texas 3,849 277 2,365 14 6,505 Utah 770 15 328 1 1,114 Vermont 109 * 29 * 144 Virgin Islands 0 * * * ** Virginia 1,469 27 915 5 2,416 Washington 2,299 33 769 4 3,105 West Virginia 175 3 182 ** 360 Wisconsin 906 20 586 2 1,514 Wyoming 28 * 23 * 55 Total 57,217 2,175 34,089 156 93,637 * Indicates that the number has been withheld to protect carrier confidentiality. ** Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Starting with the previous report, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers that have been ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously, the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. 38 Table 18 Number of Carriers Porting or Receiving Ports as of September 30, 2008 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Ports Wireless Ports Wireless Ports Wireline Ports Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers State Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Alabama 36 35 29 14 15 15 14 20 Alaska 6 8 5 7 6 8 6 4 Arizona 29 30 23 13 10 13 7 19 Arkansas 18 20 12 8 7 8 7 14 California 55 58 48 15 14 16 10 42 Colorado 35 36 31 13 13 15 10 25 Connecticut 17 25 15 7 6 6 5 17 Delaware 18 28 9 6 6 8 6 14 District of Columbia 24 28 11 6 5 7 5 18 Florida 60 81 47 12 13 12 9 41 Georgia 58 66 45 14 15 13 12 40 Guam 3 3 0 0 4 5 0 0 Hawaii 8 9 7 7 6 7 6 8 Idaho 22 27 16 14 15 16 9 10 Illinois 53 58 33 14 13 14 10 30 Indiana 49 46 34 13 11 14 8 25 Iowa 84 56 24 14 12 14 11 11 Kansas 30 36 30 16 13 17 9 17 Kentucky 38 49 21 17 15 18 11 17 Louisiana 33 31 18 10 10 11 9 16 Maine 20 24 13 8 7 8 7 13 Maryland 37 43 20 9 6 9 6 25 Massachusetts 30 37 25 7 6 7 5 25 Michigan 53 60 40 16 11 16 10 33 Minnesota 70 71 55 11 8 11 7 26 Mississippi 29 31 17 13 13 12 8 11 Missouri 37 38 24 13 15 14 11 21 Montana 14 17 11 5 6 6 4 8 Nebraska 18 21 14 12 11 12 8 8 Nevada 24 28 18 11 9 11 7 19 New Hampshire 21 24 17 8 7 8 7 17 New Jersey 38 36 27 8 6 8 6 24 New Mexico 18 20 12 11 11 12 7 8 New York 71 70 51 11 8 11 8 37 North Carolina 34 48 30 14 13 14 10 27 North Dakota 14 17 20 6 7 7 3 6 Northern Marianas Is 0 0 1 1 3 4 1 1 Ohio 49 62 41 16 13 16 12 33 Oklahoma 23 27 23 12 15 15 8 14 Oregon 36 43 28 14 10 13 8 21 Pennsylvania 51 57 36 12 16 16 8 38 Puerto Rico 5 5 4 7 6 8 6 4 Rhode Island 14 18 10 7 5 7 5 11 South Carolina 38 45 32 9 12 11 8 27 South Dakota 13 18 8 6 6 8 4 6 Tennessee 43 46 36 13 13 14 10 31 Texas 73 88 56 27 26 31 17 46 Utah 28 23 20 11 11 13 8 17 Vermont 11 12 6 5 5 5 3 8 Virgin Islands 0 0 1 1 3 3 2 1 Virginia 40 51 30 11 9 10 8 24 Washington 38 47 31 12 10 12 10 26 West Virginia 16 20 8 10 10 12 7 10 Wisconsin 38 44 34 12 11 12 10 20 Wyoming 9 13 10 8 11 11 6 3 Unduplicated Total 887 818 605 107 136 131 84 368 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Starting with the July 2007 edition of this report, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers that have been ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously, the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. 39 Table 19 Percentage of Numbers Ported, as of June 30, 2008 1 Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless Total Total Wireline Assigned Percent Wireless Assigned Percent Total Assigned Percent Ports Numbers Ported Ports Numbers Ported Ports Numbers Ported State (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) Alabama 482 4,515 10.7 350 4,737 7.4 832 9,253 9.0 Alaska 142 931 15.3 142 541 26.3 285 1,472 19.3 American Samoa 0 0 NA 0 20 0.0 0 20 0.0 Arizona 1,411 7,803 18.1 681 5,180 13.1 2,091 12,983 16.1 Arkansas 337 2,635 12.8 110 2,311 4.7 446 4,946 9.0 California 8,925 46,921 19.0 4,171 33,362 12.5 13,096 80,283 16.3 Colorado 1,024 7,383 13.9 610 4,278 14.3 1,634 11,661 14.0 Connecticut 707 4,593 15.4 378 3,069 12.3 1,085 7,662 14.2 Delaware 318 1,754 18.1 79 812 9.7 397 2,566 15.5 District of Columbia 411 3,162 13.0 145 1,087 13.3 555 4,249 13.1 Florida 3,030 21,605 14.0 2,430 16,741 14.5 5,459 38,346 14.2 Georgia 1,588 10,844 14.6 970 8,543 11.4 2,559 19,387 13.2 Guam 1 92 1.1 3 74 4.6 4 166 2.6 Hawaii 212 1,612 13.1 170 1,211 14.0 381 2,824 13.5 Idaho 160 1,739 9.2 139 1,143 12.1 299 2,882 10.4 Illinois 2,585 16,740 15.4 1,506 11,173 13.5 4,090 27,914 14.7 Indiana 731 5,981 12.2 488 5,057 9.6 1,219 11,038 11.0 Iowa 296 4,984 5.9 215 2,328 9.2 512 7,312 7.0 Kansas 660 2,915 22.6 238 2,313 10.3 898 5,228 17.2 Kentucky 428 4,035 10.6 318 3,520 9.0 746 7,555 9.9 Louisiana 495 4,519 11.0 360 4,082 8.8 855 8,600 9.9 Maine 310 1,599 19.4 95 1,003 9.5 405 2,602 15.6 Maryland 986 9,394 10.5 685 5,344 12.8 1,671 14,737 11.3 Massachusetts 2,329 13,718 17.0 843 5,808 14.5 3,172 19,526 16.2 Michigan 1,964 10,229 19.2 1,288 9,378 13.7 3,252 19,607 16.6 Minnesota 1,252 7,185 17.4 664 4,320 15.4 1,916 11,505 16.7 Mississippi 165 2,343 7.1 152 2,342 6.5 317 4,684 6.8 Missouri 788 6,047 13.0 540 4,982 10.8 1,328 11,029 12.0 Montana 76 906 8.4 51 699 7.3 127 1,605 7.9 Nebraska 271 2,018 13.4 132 1,424 9.3 403 3,442 11.7 Nevada 563 3,172 17.8 263 2,372 11.1 826 5,544 14.9 New Hampshire 308 2,245 13.7 127 1,085 11.7 435 3,330 13.1 New Jersey 1,607 12,871 12.5 962 8,196 11.7 2,569 21,067 12.2 New Mexico 164 1,991 8.2 133 1,664 8.0 297 3,655 8.1 New York 4,904 25,536 19.2 2,376 18,009 13.2 7,280 43,544 16.7 North Carolina 1,305 10,005 13.0 800 7,792 10.3 2,105 17,797 11.8 North Dakota 72 627 11.5 40 514 7.7 112 1,141 9.8 Northern Mariana Is * 0 NA * 16 0.4 0 16 0.4 Ohio 1,759 12,458 14.1 1,188 9,833 12.1 2,947 22,291 13.2 Oklahoma 448 3,286 13.6 360 2,927 12.3 808 6,213 13.0 Oregon 686 4,407 15.6 387 3,111 12.4 1,072 7,518 14.3 Pennsylvania 2,589 16,532 15.7 1,338 10,359 12.9 3,927 26,891 14.6 Puerto Rico 69 1,883 3.7 302 2,604 11.6 371 4,487 8.3 Rhode Island 269 2,124 12.6 125 909 13.7 394 3,033 13.0 South Carolina 511 4,654 11.0 326 3,794 8.6 837 8,448 9.9 South Dakota 113 724 15.5 44 578 7.6 156 1,302 12.0 Tennessee 940 6,308 14.9 567 5,630 10.1 1,508 11,938 12.6 Texas 4,006 26,305 15.2 2,278 21,564 10.6 6,284 47,869 13.1 Utah 774 3,899 19.8 316 2,131 14.8 1,090 6,031 18.1 Vermont 111 1,757 6.3 27 429 6.4 139 2,187 6.3 Virgin Islands * 63 0.0 * 105 0.0 0 169 0.0 Virginia 1,469 10,769 13.6 871 6,982 12.5 2,340 17,752 13.2 Washington 2,306 9,460 24.4 724 5,693 12.7 3,030 15,153 20.0 West Virginia 170 1,428 11.9 149 1,298 11.5 319 2,726 11.7 Wisconsin 890 5,733 15.5 538 4,397 12.2 1,428 10,130 14.1 Wyoming 29 557 5.2 21 476 4.4 50 1,033 4.8 Total 58,145 376,998 0.2 32,213 269,351 0.1 90,358 646,349 14.0 1 Because the latest available NRUF data are as of December 31, 2007, porting data of the same vintage are used. NA Not applicable. Number portability is not available in American Samoa. * Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.) and Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of March 31, 2008. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 40 Table 20 Telephone Numbers Assigned for Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1993 December 3,155,955 731,438 3,887,393 3,822,607 1994 December 4,948,605 763,235 5,711,840 1,998,160 1995 December 6,700,576 286,487 6,987,063 722,937 1996 December 9,527,982 945,671 10,473,653 5,216,347 1997 December 12,980,714 996,449 13,977,163 1,712,837 1998 December 16,200,883 965,466 17,166,349 6,503,651 1999 December 19,677,001 1,101,964 20,778,965 2,891,035 2000 December 23,022,015 1,178,096 24,200,111 7,449,889 2001 December 23,453,029 1,027,973 24,481,002 7,168,998 2002 December 22,496,215 1,051,232 23,547,447 8,102,553 2003 December 21,108,662 941,520 22,050,182 9,599,818 2004 December 22,159,440 1,145,661 23,305,101 8,344,899 2005 December 22,474,643 957,835 23,432,478 8,217,522 2006 December 22,709,753 756,808 23,466,561 8,183,439 2007 December 23,902,113 3 585,864 24,487,982 7,322,018 2008 September 24,378,254 787,612 25,165,866 6,644,134 2 Miscellaneous numbers include those in the 800, 888, 877, and 866 service management systems maintained by Database Service Management, Inc., and categorized as reserved, assigned but not yet activated, recently disconnected, or suspended. 1 Toll-free (800) service was initially offered by AT&T in 1967. On May 1, 1993, procedures for routing toll- free calls were changed and 800 numbers were made "portable" so customers who switched service providers could retain their numbers. Due to the growth in demand for toll-free numbers, a new toll-free calling code, 888, was added in March 1996, which made it possible to assign about 8 million new toll- free numbers. A third toll-free calling code, 877, was added in April 1998; and a fourth toll-free code, 866, was added in July 2000. 3 SMS800 freed up all unused numbers contained in certain blocks of numbers that were reserved for the provision of certain mobile radio telecommunications (pager) services within a specified geographic area. These numbers were in NPA 800 and had NXXs in the range of NX2 where ‘N’ = 2 through 9 and ‘X’ = 0 for 1 and the numbers ended in a state code. Formerly Closed RCC Codes Being Opened , Press Release, available at www.sms800.com (rel. 2/4/2008). 41 Table 21 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 800 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1996 March 6,907,098 293,244 7,200,342 509,658 June 6,986,821 324,899 7,311,720 398,280 September 7,119,167 310,562 7,429,729 280,271 December 7,272,819 343,905 7,616,724 93,276 1997 March 7,402,769 305,362 7,708,131 1,869 June 7,415,591 293,802 7,709,393 607 September 7,427,717 280,668 7,708,385 1,615 December 7,429,160 267,429 7,696,589 13,411 1998 March 7,455,240 249,964 7,705,204 4,796 June 7,480,468 227,041 7,707,509 2,491 September 7,489,271 219,080 7,708,351 1,649 December 7,487,529 215,267 7,702,796 7,204 1999 March 7,498,527 204,515 7,703,042 6,958 June 7,502,118 207,061 7,709,179 821 September 7,523,302 185,363 7,708,665 1,335 December 7,505,737 202,416 7,708,153 1,847 2000 March 7,516,391 193,246 7,709,637 363 June 7,570,082 139,444 7,709,526 474 September 7,572,091 137,705 7,709,796 204 December 7,566,810 132,887 7,699,697 10,303 2001 March 7,434,621 264,967 7,699,588 10,412 June 7,357,279 242,106 7,599,385 110,615 September 7,383,111 164,881 7,547,992 162,008 December 7,370,055 184,689 7,554,744 155,256 2002 March 7,181,636 400,955 7,582,591 127,409 June 7,234,847 282,005 7,516,852 193,148 September 7,200,821 177,723 7,378,544 331,456 December 7,210,159 203,268 7,413,427 296,573 2003 March 7,182,120 224,536 7,406,656 303,344 June 7,171,068 234,576 7,405,644 304,356 September 7,031,806 222,846 7,254,652 455,348 December 7,089,752 260,807 7,350,559 359,441 2004 March 7,187,381 234,719 7,422,100 287,900 June 7,181,216 187,107 7,368,323 341,677 September 7,262,915 197,252 7,460,167 249,833 December 7,332,085 208,368 7,540,453 169,547 2005 March 7,267,936 234,679 7,502,615 207,385 June 7,163,402 425,206 7,588,608 121,392 September 7,160,678 495,326 7,656,004 53,996 December 7,317,165 277,052 7,594,217 115,783 2006 March 7,416,046 197,083 7,613,129 96,871 June 7,330,416 317,525 7,647,941 62,059 September 7,419,137 279,471 7,698,608 11,392 December 7,445,535 207,672 7,653,207 56,793 2007 March 7,559,307 140,686 7,699,993 10,007 June 7,546,532 153,063 7,699,595 10,405 September 7,597,883 102,117 7,700,000 10,000 December 7,736,774 3 123,226 7,860,000 10,000 3 2008 March 7,731,284 128,716 7,860,000 10,000 June 7,686,736 173,264 7,860,000 10,000 September 7,755,279 104,721 7,860,000 10,000 For data prior to 1996, see Table 18.4 of the Februrary 2007 edition of Trends in Telephone Service. 1 - 3 See Notes to Table 20. 42 Table 22 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 888 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1996 March 267,874 568,574 836,448 7,143,552 June 922,849 544,079 1,466,928 6,513,072 September 1,641,519 590,345 2,231,864 5,748,136 December 2,255,163 601,766 2,856,929 5,123,071 1997 March 2,857,608 661,164 3,518,772 4,461,228 June 3,660,984 681,981 4,342,965 3,637,035 September 4,776,688 774,431 5,551,119 2,428,881 December 5,551,554 729,020 6,280,574 1,699,426 1998 March 6,167,479 728,415 6,895,894 1,084,106 June 6,591,764 665,496 7,257,260 722,740 September 6,898,718 612,254 7,510,972 469,028 December 7,146,159 515,009 7,661,168 318,832 1999 March 7,278,531 495,904 7,774,435 205,565 June 7,428,424 231,697 7,660,121 319,879 September 7,601,867 211,318 7,813,185 166,815 December 7,643,158 324,405 7,967,563 12,437 2000 March 7,685,423 230,035 7,915,458 64,542 June 7,789,986 140,658 7,930,644 49,356 September 7,806,252 173,588 7,979,840 160 December 7,789,188 177,328 7,966,516 13,484 2001 March 7,616,189 355,451 7,971,640 8,360 June 7,548,761 270,198 7,818,959 161,041 September 7,508,100 203,518 7,711,618 268,382 December 7,452,071 190,727 7,642,798 337,202 2002 March 6,964,624 577,910 7,542,534 437,466 June 6,629,862 354,771 6,984,633 995,367 September 6,682,043 92,050 6,774,093 1,205,907 December 6,610,191 154,015 6,764,206 1,215,794 2003 March 6,408,723 324,558 6,733,281 1,246,719 June 6,228,846 251,701 6,480,547 1,499,453 September 5,818,266 216,862 6,035,128 1,944,872 December 5,711,949 250,662 5,962,611 2,017,389 2004 March 5,680,105 133,824 5,813,929 2,166,071 June 5,640,743 128,141 5,768,884 2,211,116 September 5,716,957 210,068 5,927,025 2,052,975 December 5,563,469 384,320 5,947,789 2,032,211 2005 March 5,465,594 159,097 5,624,691 2,355,309 June 5,306,927 296,729 5,603,656 2,376,344 September 5,314,969 221,122 5,536,091 2,443,909 December 5,265,331 196,817 5,462,148 2,517,852 2006 March 5,049,966 321,175 5,371,141 2,608,859 June 4,930,939 387,726 5,318,665 2,661,335 September 4,923,018 282,840 5,205,858 2,774,142 December 4,894,774 154,764 5,049,538 2,930,462 2007 March 4,865,839 172,035 5,037,874 2,942,126 June 4,892,896 211,491 5,104,387 2,875,613 September 5,014,039 143,278 5,157,317 2,822,683 December 5,075,256 134,928 5,210,184 2,769,816 2008 March 5,131,254 300,830 5,432,084 2,547,916 June 5,153,074 328,514 5,481,588 2,498,412 September 5,212,933 131,617 5,344,550 2,635,450 1 - 2 See Notes to Table 20. 43 Table 23 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 877 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1998 June 552,037 209,967 762,004 7,217,996 September 1,072,046 206,714 1,278,760 6,701,240 December 1,567,195 235,190 1,802,385 6,177,615 1999 March 2,141,228 329,044 2,470,272 5,509,728 June 2,899,466 410,026 3,309,492 4,670,508 September 3,755,361 436,433 4,191,794 3,788,206 December 4,528,106 575,143 5,103,249 2,876,751 2000 March 5,436,297 598,702 6,034,999 1,945,001 June 6,317,507 402,858 6,720,365 1,259,635 September 6,539,180 496,015 7,035,195 944,805 December 6,391,285 719,333 7,110,618 869,382 2001 March 6,289,079 469,980 6,759,059 1,220,941 June 6,094,898 715,097 6,809,995 1,170,005 September 6,163,297 489,084 6,652,381 1,327,619 December 6,214,863 345,468 6,560,331 1,419,669 2002 March 6,174,529 340,472 6,515,001 1,464,999 June 6,016,107 267,320 6,283,427 1,696,573 September 5,656,158 275,722 5,931,880 2,048,120 December 5,448,276 421,984 5,870,260 2,109,740 2003 March 5,132,413 579,240 5,711,653 2,268,347 June 4,791,792 376,236 5,168,028 2,811,972 September 4,617,147 170,787 4,787,934 3,192,066 December 4,536,366 191,410 4,727,776 3,252,224 2004 March 4,528,716 163,856 4,692,572 3,287,428 June 4,550,870 146,826 4,697,696 3,282,304 September 4,537,840 214,197 4,752,037 3,227,963 December 4,551,486 254,082 4,805,568 3,174,432 2005 March 4,590,227 139,089 4,729,316 3,250,684 June 4,498,452 232,477 4,730,929 3,249,071 September 4,476,657 193,315 4,669,972 3,310,028 December 4,424,365 212,543 4,636,908 3,343,092 2006 March 4,387,383 178,974 4,566,357 3,413,643 June 4,227,659 203,501 4,431,160 3,548,840 September 4,216,739 221,090 4,437,829 3,542,171 December 4,158,082 191,476 4,349,558 3,630,442 2007 March 4,160,134 126,236 4,286,370 3,693,630 June 4,176,830 168,005 4,344,835 3,635,165 September 4,186,296 140,506 4,326,802 3,653,198 December 4,236,995 151,687 4,388,682 3,591,318 2008 March 4,243,519 150,600 4,394,119 3,585,881 June 4,312,293 204,414 4,516,707 3,463,293 September 4,105,708 266,286 4,371,994 3,608,006 1 - 2 See Notes to Table 20. 44 Table 24 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 866 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 2000 September 672,250 155,646 827,896 7,152,104 December 1,274,732 148,548 1,423,280 6,556,720 2001 March 1,652,602 361,888 2,014,490 5,965,510 June 1,944,520 362,880 2,307,400 5,672,600 September 2,256,792 308,801 2,565,593 5,414,407 December 2,416,040 307,089 2,723,129 5,256,871 2002 March 2,640,414 321,530 2,961,944 5,018,056 June 2,864,605 219,232 3,083,837 4,896,163 September 2,977,379 244,297 3,221,676 4,758,324 December 3,227,589 271,965 3,499,554 4,480,446 2003 March 3,461,686 299,700 3,761,386 4,218,614 June 3,486,674 420,477 3,907,151 4,072,849 September 3,609,244 265,446 3,874,690 4,105,310 December 3,770,595 238,641 4,009,236 3,970,764 2004 March 3,966,922 231,683 4,198,605 3,781,395 June 4,281,378 263,560 4,544,938 3,435,062 September 4,476,150 281,577 4,757,727 3,222,273 December 4,712,400 298,891 5,011,291 2,968,709 2005 March 5,015,324 267,412 5,282,736 2,697,264 June 5,047,314 487,471 5,534,785 2,445,215 September 5,259,730 352,226 5,611,956 2,368,044 December 5,467,782 271,423 5,739,205 2,240,795 2006 March 5,613,475 211,021 5,824,496 2,155,504 June 5,803,923 205,051 6,008,974 1,971,026 September 6,078,119 160,737 6,238,856 1,741,144 December 6,201,362 212,896 6,414,258 1,565,742 2007 March 6,355,241 207,073 6,562,314 1,417,686 June 6,555,756 240,460 6,796,216 1,183,784 September 6,685,581 219,067 6,904,648 1,075,352 December 6,853,093 176,023 7,029,116 950,884 2008 March 7,001,587 191,687 7,193,274 786,726 June 7,192,852 225,175 7,418,027 561,973 September 7,304,334 284,988 7,589,322 390,678 1 - 2 See Notes to Table 20. 45 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened 205 Alabama Jan-47 770 Georgia Aug-95 612 Minnesota Jan-47 215 Pennsylvania Jan-47 334 Alabama Jan-95 678 Georgia Jan-98 507 Minnesota Jan-54 412 Pennsylvania Jan-47 256 Alabama Mar-98 229 Georgia Aug-00 320 Minnesota Mar-96 717 Pennsylvania Jan-47 251 Alabama Jun-01 478 Georgia Aug-00 651 Minnesota Jul-98 814 Pennsylvania Jan-47 907 Alaska Jan-57 762 Georgia May-06 763 Minnesota Feb-00 610 Pennsylvania Jan-94 684 American Somoa Oct-04 671 Guam Jul-97 952 Minnesota Feb-00 724 Pennsylvania Feb-98 602 Arizona Jan-47 808 Hawaii Jan-57 601 Mississippi Jan-47 570 Pennsylvania Dec-98 520 Arizona Mar-95 208 Idaho Jan-47 228 Mississippi Sep-97 484 Pennsylvania Jun-99 480 Arizona Mar-99 217 Illinois Jan-47 662 Mississippi Apr-99 267 Pennsylvania Jul-99 623 Arizona Mar-99 312 Illinois Jan-47 769 Mississippi Mar-05 878 Pennsylvania Aug-01 928 Arizona Jun-01 618 Illinois Jan-47 314 Missouri Jan-47 787 Puerto Rico Mar-96 501 Arkansas Jan-47 815 Illinois Jan-47 816 Missouri Jan-47 939 Puerto Rico Sep-01 870 Arkansas Apr-97 309 Illinois Jan-57 417 Missouri Jan-50 401 Rhode Island Jan-47 479 Arkansas Jan-02 708 Illinois Nov-89 573 Missouri Jan-96 803 South Carolina Jan-47 213 California Jan-47 847 Illinois Jan-96 660 Missouri Oct-97 864 South Carolina Dec-95 415 California Jan-47 630 Illinois Aug-96 636 Missouri May-99 843 South Carolina Mar-98 916 California Jan-47 773 Illinois Oct-96 406 Montana Jan-47 605 South Dakota Jan-47 714 California Jan-51 224 Illinois Jan-02 402 Nebraska Jan-47 901 Tennessee Jan-47 805 California Jan-57 779 Illinois Mar-07 308 Nebraska Jan-55 615 Tennessee Jan-54 209 California Jan-58 331 Illinois Oct-07 702 Nevada Jan-47 423 Tennessee Sep-95 408 California Jan-59 219 Indiana Jan-47 775 Nevada Dec-98 931 Tennessee Sep-97 707 California Jan-59 317 Indiana Jan-47 603 New Hampshire Jan-47 865 Tennessee Nov-99 619 California Jan-82 812 Indiana Jan-47 201 New Jersey Jan-47 731 Tennessee Feb-01 818 California Jan-84 765 Indiana Feb-97 609 New Jersey Jan-57 214 Texas Jan-47 510 California Sep-91 260 Indiana Jan-02 908 New Jersey Nov-90 512 Texas Jan-47 310 California Nov-91 574 Indiana Jan-02 732 New Jersey Jun-97 713 Texas Jan-47 909 California Nov-92 319 Iowa Jan-47 973 New Jersey Jun-97 915 Texas Jan-47 562 California Jan-97 515 Iowa Jan-47 856 New Jersey Jun-99 817 Texas Jan-53 760 California Mar-97 712 Iowa Jan-47 551 New Jersey Dec-01 806 Texas Jan-57 626 California Jun-97 641 Iowa Jul-00 848 New Jersey Dec-01 409 Texas Nov-82 650 California Aug-97 563 Iowa Mar-01 862 New Jersey Dec-01 903 Texas Nov-90 530 California Nov-97 316 Kansas Jan-47 505 New Mexico Jan-47 210 Texas Nov-92 925 California Mar-98 913 Kansas Jan-47 575 New Mexico Oct-07 972 Texas Sep-96 949 California Apr-98 785 Kansas Jul-97 212 New York Jan-47 281 Texas Nov-96 323 California Jun-98 620 Kansas Feb-01 315 New York Jan-47 254 Texas May-97 831 California Jul-98 502 Kentucky Jan-47 518 New York Jan-47 940 Texas May-97 559 California Nov-98 606 Kentucky Jan-55 716 New York Jan-47 830 Texas Jul-97 661 California Feb-99 270 Kentucky Apr-99 914 New York Jan-47 956 Texas Jul-97 858 California Jun-99 859 Kentucky Apr-00 516 New York Jan-51 832 Texas Jan-99 951 California Jul-04 364 Kentucky Mar-10 607 New York Jan-54 361 Texas Feb-99 424 California Aug-06 504 Louisiana Jan-47 718 New York Sep-84 469 Texas Jul-99 657 California Sep-08 318 Louisiana Jan-57 917 New York Jan-92 936 Texas Feb-00 442 California Nov-08 225 Louisiana Aug-98 646 New York Jul-99 979 Texas Feb-00 747 California May-09 337 Louisiana Oct-99 347 New York Oct-99 682 Texas Oct-00 303 Colorado Jan-47 985 Louisiana Feb-01 631 New York Nov-99 430 Texas Feb-03 719 Colorado Mar-88 207 Maine Jan-47 845 New York Jun-00 325 Texas Apr-03 970 Colorado Apr-95 301 Maryland Jan-47 585 New York Nov-01 432 Texas Apr-03 720 Colorado Jun-98 410 Maryland Oct-91 704 North Carolina Jan-47 801 Utah Jan-47 203 Connecticut Jan-47 240 Maryland Jun-97 919 North Carolina Jan-54 435 Utah Sep-97 860 Connecticut Aug-95 443 Maryland Jun-97 910 North Carolina Nov-93 385 Utah Mar-09 302 Delaware Jan-47 413 Massachusetts Jan-47 336 North Carolina Dec-97 802 Vermont Jan-47 202 District of Columbia Jan-47 617 Massachusetts Jan-47 252 North Carolina Mar-98 340 Virgin Islands Jun-97 305 Florida Jan-47 508 Massachusetts Jul-88 828 North Carolina Mar-98 703 Virginia Jan-47 813 Florida Jan-53 781 Massachusetts Sep-97 980 North Carolina Apr-01 804 Virginia Jun-73 904 Florida Jul-65 978 Massachusetts Sep-97 701 North Dakota Jan-47 540 Virginia Jul-95 407 Florida Apr-88 339 Massachusetts May-01 670 Northern Marianas Is. Jul-97 757 Virginia Jul-96 941 Florida May-95 351 Massachusetts May-01 216 Ohio Jan-47 571 Virginia Mar-00 954 Florida Sep-95 774 Massachusetts May-01 419 Ohio Jan-47 434 Virginia Jun-01 352 Florida Dec-95 857 Massachusetts May-01 513 Ohio Jan-47 276 Virginia Sep-01 561 Florida May-96 313 Michigan Jan-47 614 Ohio Jan-47 206 Washington Jan-47 850 Florida Jun-97 517 Michigan Jan-47 330 Ohio Mar-96 509 Washington Jan-57 786 Florida Mar-98 616 Michigan Jan-47 937 Ohio Sep-96 360 Washington Jan-95 727 Florida Jul-98 906 Michigan Mar-61 440 Ohio Aug-97 253 Washington Apr-97 863 Florida Sep-99 810 Michigan Dec-93 740 Ohio Dec-97 425 Washington Apr-97 321 Florida Nov-99 248 Michigan May-97 234 Ohio Oct-00 304 West Virginia Jan-47 386 Florida Feb-01 734 Michigan Dec-97 567 Ohio Jan-02 681 West Virginia Mar-09 754 Florida Aug-01 231 Michigan Jun-99 405 Oklahoma Jan-47 414 Wisconsin Jan-47 772 Florida Feb-02 989 Michigan Apr-01 918 Oklahoma Jan-53 715 Wisconsin Jan-47 239 Florida Mar-02 586 Michigan Sep-01 580 Oklahoma Nov-97 608 Wisconsin Jan-55 404 Georgia Jan-47 269 Michigan Jul-02 503 Oregon Jan-47 920 Wisconsin Jul-97 912 Georgia Jan-54 947 Michigan Sep-02 541 Oregon Nov-95 262 Wisconsin Sep-99 706 Georgia May-92 218 Minnesota Jan-47 971 Oregon Oct-00 307 Wyoming Jan-47 Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator. Note: Implementation dates after 2008 are scheduled dates. Table 25 Area Codes by State (1947 - 2008) 46 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2008) Implementation Previous Added Location Date 1 Code Code Texas (Houston) Jan-99 713 832 California Feb-99 805 661 Texas Feb-99 512 361 Arizona Mar-99 602 480 Arizona Mar-99 602 623 Kentucky Apr-99 502 270 Mississippi Apr-99 601 662 Alberta May-99 403 780 Missouri May-99 314 636 Michigan Jun-99 616 231 Pennsylvania Jun-99 610 484 California Jun-99 619 858 New Jersey Jun-99 609 856 New York (Manhattan) Jul-99 212 646 Pennsylvania Jul-99 215 267 Texas (Dallas) Jul-99 214 469 Florida Sep-99 941 863 Wisconsin Sep-99 414 262 New York Oct-99 718 347 Louisiana Oct-99 318 337 Florida Nov-99 407 321 New York Nov-99 516 631 Tennessee Nov-99 423 865 Texas Feb-00 409 936 Texas Feb-00 409 979 Minnesota Feb-00 612 763 Minnesota Feb-00 612 952 Virginia Mar-00 703 571 Kentucky Apr-00 606 859 New York Jun-00 914 845 Iowa Jul-00 515 641 Georgia Aug-00 912 229 Georgia Aug-00 912 478 Oregon Oct-00 503 971 Texas Oct-00 817 682 Ohio Oct-00 330 234 Kansas Feb-01 316 620 Louisiana Feb-01 504 985 Tennessee Feb-01 901 731 Florida Feb-01 904 386 Ontario Mar-01 416 647 Iowa Mar-01 319 563 North Carolina Apr-01 704 980 Michigan Apr-01 517 989 Massachusetts May-01 508 774 Massachusetts May-01 617 857 Massachusetts May-01 781 339 Massachusetts May-01 978 351 Pennsylvania May-01 484 835 2 Pennsylvania May-01 267 445 3 47 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2008) Virginia Jun-01 804 434 Ontario Jun-01 905 289 Alabama Jun-01 334 251 Arizona Jun-01 520 928 Florida Aug-01 954 754 Pennsylvania Aug-01 412 878 Virginia Sep-01 540 276 Puerto Rico Sep-01 787 939 Michigan Sep-01 810 586 British Columbia Nov-01 604 778 New York Nov-01 716 585 New Jersey Dec-01 201 551 New Jersey Dec-01 732 848 New Jersey Dec-01 973 862 Ohio Jan-02 419 567 Illinois Jan-02 847 224 Indiana Jan-02 219 260 Indiana Jan-02 219 574 Arkansas Jan-02 501 479 Florida Feb-02 561 772 Florida Mar-02 941 239 Michigan Jul-02 616 269 Michigan Sep-02 248 947 Texas Feb-03 903 430 Texas Apr-03 915 325 Texas Apr-03 915 432 California Jul-04 909 951 Mississippi Mar-05 601 769 Dominican Republic Aug-05 809 829 Georgia May-06 706 762 California Aug-06 310 424 Ontario Oct-06 519 226 Quebec Nov-06 514 438 Illinois Mar-07 815 779 Illinois Oct-07 630 331 New Mexico Oct-07 505 575 California Sep-08 714 657 California Nov-08 760 442 West Virginia Mar-09 304 681 Utah Mar-09 801 385 California May-09 818 747 Kentucky Mar-10 270 364 Note: For years 1984 - 1998, see Industry Analysis Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Trends in Telephone Service (August 2003). 1 Implemenation dates after 2008 are scheduled dates. 2 The NANPA was able to reclaim area code 835. See Planning Letter 344 at NeuStar.com. 3 The NANPA was able to reclaim area code 445. See Planning Letter 332 at NeuStar.com. Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA), which can be accessed at www.nanpa.com. 48 Table 27 Number of Digits Necessary to Dial Local and Toll Calls in the US (As of March 2008) Local Calls Toll Calls Toll Calls Within Same Between Within Same Between Require State Area Code Area Codes Area Code Area Codes Dialing 1 + Alabama 7 1 10 2 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Alaska 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arizona 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arkansas 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes California 7 3 1 + 10 7 3 1 + 10 No Colorado 7 4 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Connecticut 7 5 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Delaware 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes District of Columbia 7 10 NA 1 + 10 Yes Florida 7 6 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Georgia 7 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Hawaii 7 NA 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Idaho 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Illinois 7 8 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Indiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Iowa 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kansas 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kentucky 7 10 9 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Louisiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Maine 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No Maryland 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Massachusetts 10 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Michigan 7 11 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Minnesota 7 10 12 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Mississippi 7 13 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Missouri 7 14 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Montana 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nebraska 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nevada 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New Hampshire 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No New Jersey 10 15 1 + 10 10 15 1 + 10 No New Mexico 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New York 7 16 1 + 10 7 16 1 + 10 No North Carolina 7 17 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes North Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Ohio 7 18 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oklahoma 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oregon 10 19 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Pennsylvania 10 20 1 + 10 21 10 20 1 + 10 21 No Rhode Island 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No South Carolina 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes South Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Tennessee 7 10 22 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Texas 7 23 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Utah 7 24 10 25 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Vermont 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Virginia 7 26 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Washington 7 27 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes West Virginia 7 28 7 28 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wisconsin 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wyoming 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes NA - Not Applicable. Source: NPA database. The database is available at www.nanpa.com/area_codes/index.html. 49 Notes to Table 27 1 In area code 659, 10-digit dialing is used. 2 In area code 659, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 3 In area codes 424, 657, 714, 747 and 310, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 4 In area codes 303 and 720, 10-digit dialing is used. 5 In area codes 475 and 959, 10-digit dialing is used. 6 In area codes 305, 321, 407, 689, 754, 786, and 954, 10-digit dialing is used. 7 In area codes 404, 470, 678, 762, 706 and 770, 10-digit dialing is used. 8 In area codes 224, 331, 872, 464, 447, 815, 779, 630 and 847, 1+ 10-digit dialing is used. 9 In area codes 270, 364 and 502, 7-digit dialing is used. 10 In area code 413, 7-digit dialing is used. 11 In area codes 248, 679 and 947, 10-digit dialing is used. 12 In area codes 218, 320, and 507, 7-digit dialing is used. 13 In area codes 601 and 769, 10-digit dialing is used. 14 In area codes 557 and 975, 10-digit dialing is used. 15 In area codes 609, 856, and 908, 7-digit dialing is used. 16 In area codes 212, 347, 646, 718, and 917, 1+10 digit dialing is used. 17 In area codes 704, 980 and 984, 10-digit dialing is used. 18 In area codes 234, 283, 330, 380, 419, and 567, 10-digit dialing is used. 19 In area code 541, 7-digit dialing is used. 20 In area codes 570, 717, and 814, 7-digit dialing is used. 21 In some area codes, local calls to some other area codes may be dialed using 10 digits. 22 In area codes 615 and 931, 7-digit dialing is used. 23 In area codes 214, 281, 430, 469, 682, 713, 817, 832, 903, and 972, 10-digit dialing is used. 24 In area code 385, 10-digit dialing is used. 25 In area code 435, 7-digit dialing is used. 26 In area codes 571 and 703, 10-digit dialing is used. 27 In area code 564, 10-digit dialing is used. 28 In area code 681, 10-digit dialing is used. 50 Customer Response Publication: Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States (NRUF data as of June 30, 2008). 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