TELEPHONE SUBSCRIBERSHIP IN THE UNITED STATES (Data through July 2009) Alexander Belinfante Industry Analysis and Technology Division Wireline Competition Bureau Federal Communications Commission Released: December 2009 This report is available for reference in the FCC's Reference Information Center, Courtyard Level, 445 12th Street SW, Washington, DC. 20554. Call Best Copy and Printing, Inc. at (202) 488-5300 to purchase a copy. The report can also be downloaded from the Wireline Competition Bureau Statistical Reports Internet site at . Telephone Subscribership in the United States (Data through July 2009) Executive Summary This is the Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC’s) report on telephone subscribership in the United States, presenting subscribership statistics based on the Current Population Survey (CPS) conducted by the Census Bureau in July 2009. 1 Based on the data gathered in that survey, we estimate that 95.7% of all households in the United States had telephone service. The report also shows subscribership levels by state, income level, race 2 , age, household size, and employment status. Statistical Findings In July 2009: ƒ The telephone subscribership penetration rate in the U.S. was 95.7%, an increase of 0.3% over the rate from July 2008. This is the highest reported rate since the CPS began collecting this data in November 1983. ƒ The telephone penetration rate for households in income categories below $15,000 was at or below 93.3%, while the rate for households in income categories over $50,000 was at least 98.5%. ƒ Among the states, the penetration rates ranged from a low of 91.3% to a high of 98.7%. ƒ Penetration rates ranged from 91.5% for households headed by a person under 25 to at least 96.4% for households headed by a person over 55. ƒ Households with one person had a penetration rate of 93.5%, compared to a rate of 96.8% for households with four or five persons. ƒ The penetration rate for unemployed adults was 94.6%, while the rate for employed adults was 96.7%. Background The number and percentage of households that have telephone service represent the most fundamental measures of the extent of universal service. Continuing analysis of telephone penetration statistics allows us to examine the aggregate effects of Commission actions and industry evolution on households' decisions to maintain, acquire or drop telephone service. This report presents comprehensive data on telephone penetration statistics collected by the Bureau of 1 The last published report was Industry Analysis and Technology Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Federal Communications Commission, Telephone Subscribership in the United States (August 13, 2009). 2 The racial categories reported in the CPS are white, black, and other. The “other” category (which includes Asians, Native Americans, and anyone else who doesn’t consider themselves white or black) is not included in the tables and charts in this report because the sample size is too small. The ethnic category Hispanic, however, is included. Hispanics can be of any race for purposes of the categories reported in the CPS. 2 the Census under contract with the FCC. Along with telephone penetration statistics for the United States and each of the states from November 1983 to July 2009, data are provided on penetration based on various demographic characteristics. The most widely used measure of telephone subscribership is the percentage of households with telephone service, sometimes called a measure of telephone penetration. Prior to the 1980s, precise measurements of telephone subscribership received little attention. Traditionally, telephone penetration was measured by dividing the number of residential telephone lines by the number of households. Measures of penetration based on the number of residential lines, however, became subject to a large margin of error as more and more households added second telephone lines and more consumers acquired second homes. By 1980, the traditional measure of penetration (residential lines divided by the number of households) reached 96%, 3 while the proportion of households reporting that they had telephones in the 1980 census was 92.9%. Recognizing the need for more precise periodic measurements of subscribership, the Commission requested that the Census Bureau include questions on telephone availability as part of its CPS, which monitors demographic trends between the decennial censuses. This survey is a staggered panel survey in which the people residing at particular addresses are included in the survey for four consecutive months in one year and the same four months in the following year. Use of the CPS has several advantages: it is conducted every month by an independent and expert agency; the sample is large; and the questions are consistent. Thus, changes in the results can be compared over time with a reasonable degree of confidence. Unfortunately, the results of the CPS cannot be directly compared with the penetration figures contained in the 1980, 1990, and 2000 decennial censuses. This is due to differences in sampling techniques and survey methodologies and because of differences in the context in which the questions were asked. For example, the 2000 decennial census reported 97.6% of all occupied housing units in the United States had telephone service available, whereas the CPS data showed a penetration rate of 94.6% of households for March 2000. This difference is statistically significant and may indicate that the CPS value may be on the low side and the decennial census value may be on the high side, with the most probable value lying somewhere in between. However, one reason for this difference is that the CPS figures are based on households, while the decennial census figures are based on occupied housing units. The decennial census is in the process of being replaced by the American Community Survey, which is now available on an annual basis. The specific questions asked in the CPS are: "Does this house, apartment, or mobile home have telephone service from which you can both make and receive calls? Please include cell phones, regular phones, and any other type of telephone." 4 And, if the answer to the first 3 See Table 6, Statistics of Communications Common Carriers (Federal Communications Commission, Year Ended December 31, 1980). 4 The questions are intended to be neutral as to whether the household has wireline or wireless phones. Through November 2004, this question had been worded: "Is there a 3 question is "no," this is followed up with, "Is there a telephone elsewhere on which people in this household can be called?" If the answer to the first question is "yes," the household is counted as having a telephone "in unit." If the answer to either the first or second question is "yes," the household is counted as having a telephone "available." The “in unit” data are reported in all of the tables and charts in this report. The “available” data are also reported in Tables 3 through 12 and Charts 1 and 8. Although the survey is conducted every month, not all questions are asked every month. The telephone questions are asked once every four months, in the month that a household is first included in the sample and in the month that the household re-enters the sample a year later. Since the sample is staggered, the reported information for any given month actually reflects responses over the preceding four months. Aggregated summaries of the responses are reported to the Commission, based on the surveys conducted through March, July, and November of each year. The CPS data are based on a nationwide sample of about 50 to 60 thousand households in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The CPS does not cover outlying areas that are not states, such as Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands. 5 Because a sample is used, the estimates are subject to sampling error. For the nationwide totals, changes in telephone penetration between consecutive reports of less than or equal to 0.7% may be due to sampling error and cannot be regarded as statistically significant. As explained below, when comparing the same month in two consecutive years, changes of less than 0.6% are not statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. When comparing annual averages, changes of less than or equal to 0.4% are not statistically significant. The annual averages are the average of the three surveys of the year in question. For individual states or other subgroups of the U.S. population, the amount of sampling variability is much greater, because the sample sizes are smaller. This will require larger changes to yield statistical significance at the same confidence level. The data in this report are not seasonally adjusted. Because there is a fifty percent overlap in the sample with the sample for the same month in the previous year, there is a high telephone in this house/apartment?" Because of the increasing number of households that have wireless only, there was some concern that some of these households may not think of their mobile phones when asked if they have a telephone. Consequently, beginning in December 2004, CPS changed its telephone question to the wording given above. The values since March 2005 reflect the new question. While we note there was an apparent drop in the penetration rate between November 2004 and March 2005, at least some of this drop may be attributable to households that responded to the previous form of the question by reporting phones that were not in service. 5 Annual data for Puerto Rico have been available from the American Community Survey starting with 2005. The latest available value for Puerto Rico from that survey is 91.9% for 2008, compared to a national average (for the 50 states and the District of Columbia) of 98.2%. 4 correlation between values a year apart. However, after accounting for this, there has been no significant systematic seasonal variation. Results and Statistical Analysis Census Bureau figures for July 2009, the most recent data available, show that the percentage of households subscribing to telephone service was 95.7%. This is the highest reported penetration rate since the CPS began collecting this data in November 1983. This increase of 0.3% from the 95.4% of July 2008 is not statistically significant. 6 This report includes figures showing subscribership percentages by state, by the head of the household's age and race, by household size, by income, and, for adult individuals, by labor force status. The July 2009 data show that 96.2% of adult individuals in the civilian non- institutionalized population (CNP) have a telephone in their household. This increase of 0.2% from the 96.0% of July 2008 is not statistically significant. This report contains twelve tables and eight charts presenting penetration statistics for various geographic and demographic characteristics. The charts and the first two tables present summaries of the information. Tables 3 through 7 present more detailed information. In these tables, only the annual averages are included for the years 1984 through 2006. March, July, and November data for those years are available in previous subscribership reports or Monitoring Reports in CC Docket Nos. 87-339 or 98-202. Tables 8 through 12 provide information necessary to determine the statistical significance of changes in the penetration rates over time. Table 1 summarizes the telephone penetration for the United States, combining information on the number of households with the penetration rates. Chart 1 graphically depicts the nationwide penetration rates for households over time. Table 2 summarizes the telephone penetration rates by state, showing the rates for November 1983 and July 2009, the change between those two months, and an indication as to whether the change is statistically significant. The statistical significance of a change is determined not only by the magnitude of that change, but also by the sizes of the samples used to estimate the change. Chart 2 depicts the states with July 2009 penetration rates (as shown in Table 2) more than 1% below the national average, within 1% of the national average, or more than 1% above the national average. Chart 3 depicts changes in household penetration rates by state (as shown in Table 2) between November 1983 and July 2009. States with statistically significant increases (there are no significant decreases) are shown, along with other states with increases or decreases. 6 As noted below (p. 5), changes from year to year for the same month are more reliable than changes between consecutive reporting periods. 5 Chart 4 depicts the relationship between telephone penetration and household income, using July 2009 penetration rates for all households and for households headed by white, black, and Hispanic persons. It is based on data in Table 4. Chart 5 depicts the relationship between telephone penetration and household size, using July 2009 penetration rates for all households and for households headed by white, black, and Hispanic persons. It is based on data in Table 5. Chart 6 depicts the relationship between telephone penetration and the head of the household's age, using July 2009 penetration rates for all households and for households headed by white, black, and Hispanic persons. It is based on data in Table 6. Chart 7 depicts the relationship between telephone penetration and labor force status for civilian non-institutionalized adults, using July 2009 penetration rates for all adults and for white, black, and Hispanic adults. It is based on data in Table 7. Chart 8 graphically depicts the nationwide penetration rates for civilian non- institutionalized adults over time. It is also based on data in Table 7. Table 3 shows the CPS responses for the United States and for each state beginning with November 1983. Because the CPS began collecting this data only in 1983, comparable values are not available prior to November 1983. For each of the surveys, the column headed "Unit" indicates the percentage of households for which there is telephone service in the housing unit. The column headed "Avail" indicates the percentage of households which have telephone service available for incoming and outgoing calls, either in the housing unit or elsewhere (such as at work or at a neighbor’s home). Table 4 shows the nationwide penetration rates for households by income and the race of the head of the household. It shows a strong relationship between income and penetration. Caution should be used in comparing these figures over time, because these income levels are not adjusted for inflation. Thus, the same nominal income level at two points in time will reflect different real incomes in terms of purchasing power. 7 Also, the income categories have changed over time due to the changing value of the dollar. Table 5 shows the nationwide penetration rates for households by the size of the household and the race of the head of the household. It shows that penetration is higher for households of 2 to 5 people than it is for single-person households or those with 6 or more people. Table 6 shows the nationwide penetration rates for households by the age and race of the head of the household. It shows that the penetration rate is lowest for young and non-white households. 7 Our publication Telephone Penetration by Income by State (last published August 6, 2009) makes adjustments for inflation, making comparisons over time more appropriate. 6 Table 7 shows the nationwide penetration rates for all persons that are at least 15 years old in the civilian non-institutionalized population by their race and employment status. Since this table is for individual adults rather than households, the total penetration rates are different from those in the previous tables. It shows that penetration is lowest among the unemployed. Tables 8 through 12 present the critical values at the 95% confidence level for testing the statistical significance of changes in penetration rates over time in the earlier tables. 8 These critical values are relevant because changes less than or equal to the values shown are likely to be due to sampling error and thus cannot be regarded as demonstrating that a change in telephone penetration has occurred. In some cases, these critical values are very large because the sample sizes are very small for these subcategories, rendering the changes in estimated penetration rates unreliable. Because there is an overlap of half of the sample from year to year, but no overlap in the sample between surveys that are four months apart, annual changes are less subject to variations in sampling error. Consequently, the critical values should be multiplied by 0.768 when making a comparison for the same month in two consecutive years. When comparing the annual averages, the critical values should be multiplied by 0.55, since these averages are based on three surveys and hence have a lower standard error. When comparing annual averages of two consecutive years, the critical values should be multiplied by .42, taking into account both of the above factors. 8 At the end of 2007, the Census Bureau revised their variability estimates upward, probably reflecting the increased variability in the penetration rates in recent years. Households Percentage Households Percentage with with without without Date Households Telephones Telephones Telephones Telephones (millions) (millions) (millions) November 1983 85.8 78.4 91.4% 7.4 8.6% March 1984 86.0 78.9 91.8% 7.1 8.2% July 1984 86.6 79.3 91.6% 7.3 8.4% November 1984 87.4 79.9 91.4% 7.5 8.6% March 1985 87.4 80.2 91.8% 7.2 8.2% July 1985 88.2 81.0 91.8% 7.2 8.2% November 1985 88.8 81.6 91.9% 7.2 8.1% March 1986 89.0 82.1 92.2% 6.9 7.8% July 1986 89.5 82.5 92.2% 7.0 7.8% November 1986 89.9 83.1 92.4% 6.8 7.6% March 1987 90.2 83.4 92.5% 6.8 7.5% July 1987 90.7 83.7 92.3% 7.0 7.7% November 1987 91.3 84.3 92.3% 7.0 7.7% March 1988 91.8 85.3 92.9% 6.5 7.1% July 1988 92.4 85.7 92.8% 6.7 7.2% November 1988 92.6 85.7 92.5% 6.9 7.5% March 1989 93.6 87.0 93.0% 6.6 7.0% July 1989 93.8 87.5 93.3% 6.3 6.7% November 1989 93.9 87.3 93.0% 6.6 7.0% March 1990 94.2 87.9 93.3% 6.3 6.7% July 1990 94.8 88.4 93.3% 6.4 6.7% November 1990 94.7 88.4 93.3% 6.3 6.7% March 1991 95.3 89.2 93.6% 6.1 6.4% July 1991 95.5 89.1 93.3% 6.4 6.7% November 1991 95.7 89.4 93.4% 6.3 6.6% March 1992 96.6 90.7 93.9% 5.9 6.1% July 1992 96.6 90.6 93.8% 6.0 6.2% November 1992 97.0 91.0 93.8% 6.0 6.2% March 1993 97.3 91.6 94.2% 5.7 5.8% July 1993 97.9 92.2 94.2% 5.7 5.8% November 1993 98.8 93.0 94.2% 5.8 5.8% March 1994 98.1 92.1 93.9% 6.0 6.1% July 1994 98.6 92.4 93.7% 6.2 6.3% November 1994 99.8 93.7 93.8% 6.2 6.2% March 1995 99.9 93.8 93.9% 6.1 6.1% July 1995 100.0 94.0 94.0% 6.0 6.0% November 1995 100.4 94.2 93.9% 6.2 6.1% March 1996 100.6 94.4 93.8% 6.2 6.2% July 1996 101.2 95.0 93.9% 6.1 6.1% November 1996 101.3 95.1 93.9% 6.2 6.1% March 1997 102.0 95.8 93.9% 6.2 6.1% July 1997 102.3 96.1 93.9% 6.2 6.1% November 1997 102.8 96.5 93.8% 6.3 6.2% March 1998 103.4 97.4 94.1% 6.1 5.9% July 1998 103.4 97.3 94.1% 6.1 5.9% November 1998 104.1 98.0 94.2% 6.1 5.8% March 1999 104.8 98.5 94.0% 6.3 6.0% July 1999 105.1 99.2 94.4% 5.9 5.6% November 1999 105.4 99.1 94.1% 6.3 5.9% March 2000 105.3 99.6 94.6% 5.7 5.4% July 2000 105.8 99.8 94.4% 5.9 5.6% November 2000 106.5 100.2 94.1% 6.3 5.9% March 2001 107.0 101.1 94.6% 5.8 5.4% July 2001 106.9 101.7 95.1% 5.2 4.9% November 2001 107.7 102.2 94.9% 5.5 5.1% March 2002 108.3 103.4 95.5% 4.8 4.5% July 2002 108.5 103.2 95.1% 5.3 4.9% November 2002 109.0 104.0 95.3% 5.1 4.7% March 2003 112.1 107.1 95.5% 5.0 4.5% July 2003 112.1 106.8 95.2% 5.3 4.8% November 2003 113.1 107.1 94.7% 6.0 5.3% March 2004 112.9 106.4 94.2% 6.5 5.8% July 2004 113.5 106.5 93.8% 7.1 6.2% November 2004 113.8 106.4 93.5% 7.4 6.5% March 2005 114.5 105.8 92.4% 8.7 7.6% July 2005 114.4 107.5 94.0% 6.8 6.0% November 2005 115.2 107.0 92.9% 8.2 7.1% March 2006 115.5 107.2 92.8% 8.4 7.2% July 2006 116.2 109.9 94.6% 6.3 5.4% November 2006 116.4 108.8 93.4% 7.6 6.6% March 2007 117.1 110.8 94.6% 6.4 5.4% July 2007 117.7 111.7 95.0% 5.9 5.0% November 2007 118.2 112.2 94.9% 6.0 5.1% March 2008 117.8 112.2 95.2% 5.6 4.8% July 2008 118.0 112.6 95.4% 5.5 4.6% November 2008 118.6 112.7 95.0% 5.9 5.0% March 2009 118.4 113.2 95.6% 5.2 4.4% July 2009 118.4 113.3 95.7% 5.1 4.3% Note: Details may not appear to add to totals due to rounding. Table 1 Household Telephone Subscribership in the United States 7 Chart 1 8 Telephone Penetration Households 85 88 91 94 97 100 N8 3 M84 J84 N8 4 M85 J85 N8 5 M86 J86 N8 6 M87 J87 N8 7 M88 J88 N8 8 M89 J89 N8 9 M90 J90 N9 0 M91 J91 N9 1 M92 J92 N9 2 M93 J93 N9 3 M94 J94 N9 4 M95 J95 N9 5 M96 J96 N9 6 M97 J97 N9 7 M98 J98 N9 8 M99 J99 N9 9 M00 J00 N0 0 M01 J01 N0 1 M02 J02 N0 2 M03 J03 N0 3 M04 J04 N0 4 M05 J05 N0 5 M06 J06 N0 6 M07 J07 N0 7 M08 J08 N0 8 M09 J09 Month (March, July, November) Per c ent with T e lephone In Unit Available Table 2 Telephone Penetration by State (Percentage of Households with Telephone Service) State Alabama 87.9 % 95.3 % 7.3 % * Alaska 83.8 95.9 12.1 * Arizona 88.8 93.5 4.7 Arkansas 88.2 92.8 4.7 California 91.7 96.6 4.9 * Colorado 94.4 97.0 2.6 Connecticut 95.5 98.5 3.0 Delaware 95.0 96.5 1.5 District of Columbia 94.7 91.3 -3.4 Florida 85.5 92.9 7.4 * Georgia 88.9 93.8 4.9 Hawaii 94.6 98.7 4.1 Idaho 89.5 96.3 6.8 * Illinois 95.0 95.9 0.9 Indiana 90.3 92.3 2.0 Iowa 95.4 98.3 2.9 Kansas 94.9 97.1 2.2 Kentucky 86.9 94.8 7.9 * Louisiana 88.9 94.9 6.0 Maine 90.7 97.1 6.3 * Maryland 96.3 95.0 -1.3 Massachusetts 94.3 98.2 3.9 Michigan 93.8 97.1 3.3 Minnesota 96.4 98.1 1.7 Mississippi 82.4 94.1 11.8 * Missouri 92.1 95.1 3.1 Montana 92.8 92.3 -0.5 Nebraska 94.0 95.9 1.9 Nevada 89.4 94.4 5.0 * New Hampshire 95.0 98.0 3.1 New Jersey 94.1 95.1 0.9 New Mexico 85.3 95.3 9.9 * New York 90.8 95.4 4.5 * North Carolina 89.3 95.5 6.2 * North Dakota 95.1 98.3 3.2 Ohio 92.2 96.6 4.4 * Oklahoma 91.5 97.3 5.8 * Oregon 91.2 97.3 6.1 * Pennsylvania 95.1 97.9 2.8 Rhode Island 93.3 97.4 4.1 South Carolina 81.8 95.0 13.2 * South Dakota 92.7 97.6 4.9 * Tennessee 87.6 93.1 5.5 Texas 89.0 95.2 6.2 * Utah 90.3 96.7 6.4 * Vermont 92.7 98.2 5.5 * Virginia 93.1 96.4 3.3 Washington 92.5 97.6 5.2 West Virginia 88.1 95.2 7.1 * Wisconsin 94.8 97.0 2.2 Wyoming 89.7 96.3 6.6 * Total United States 91.4 95.7 4.3 * * Increase is statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. Differences may not appear to equal changes due to rounding. November 1983 July 2009 Change 9 Chart 2 10 94.6% or less 94.7% - 96.7% 96.8% or more July 2009 Telephone Penetration Chart 3 11 Decrease Increase Significant Increase 11/83 - 7/09 Penetration Changes Chart 4 12 Telephone Penetration by Income Level July 2009 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 UNDER $5,000 $5,000 - $7,499 $7,500 - $9,999 $10,000 - $12,499 $12,500 - $14,999 $15,000 - $19,999 $20,000 - $24,999 $25,000 - $29,999 $30,000 - $34,999 $35,000 - $39,999 $40,000 - $49,999 $50,000 - $59,999 $60,000 - $74,999 $75,000 - $99,999 $100,000 - $149,999 $150,000 + Income Per c ent of H ousehol ds Total White Black Hispanic Chart 5 * Chart 6 Chart 7 13 Telephone Penetration by Household Size July 2009 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6+ Persons in Household P e r c ent of Hous eholds Telephone Penetration by Householder's Age July 2009 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 15-24 25-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-99 Householder's Age P e r c ent of Hous eholds Telephone Penetration by Labor Force Status July 2009 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 Total CNP Employed Unemployed Not in Labor Force Labor Force Status P e r c ent of A dult s Total White Black Hispanic Chart 8 14 Telephone Penetration Civilian Noninstitutionalized Adults 85 88 91 94 97 100 N8 3 M84 J84 N8 4 M85 J85 N8 5 M86 J86 N8 6 M87 J87 N8 7 M88 J88 N8 8 M89 J89 N8 9 M90 J90 N9 0 M91 J91 N9 1 M92 J92 N9 2 M93 J93 N9 3 M94 J94 N9 4 M95 J95 N9 5 M96 J96 N9 6 M97 J97 N9 7 M98 J98 N9 8 M99 J99 N9 9 M00 J00 N0 0 M01 J01 N0 1 M02 J02 N0 2 M03 J03 N0 3 M04 J04 N0 4 M05 J05 N0 5 M06 J06 N0 6 M07 J07 N0 7 M08 J08 N0 8 M09 J09 Month (March, July, November) Per c ent with T e lephone In Unit Available Table 3 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 91.4 93.7 91.6 93.7 91.8 93.9 92.3 94.1 ALABAMA 87.9 90.2 88.4 90.5 89.1 91.0 88.7 90.4 ALASKA 83.8 88.8 86.5 89.0 87.1 89.5 86.4 88.9 ARIZONA 88.8 90.7 86.9 89.4 87.3 89.6 89.4 90.9 ARKANSAS 88.2 91.4 86.6 90.6 85.9 89.9 86.4 90.4 CALIFORNIA 91.7 93.5 92.5 93.8 92.9 94.1 93.0 94.0 COLORADO 94.4 96.5 93.2 95.4 94.3 96.2 94.1 96.0 CONNECTICUT 95.5 98.4 95.5 97.0 96.2 97.6 97.0 97.9 DELAWARE 95.0 96.6 94.3 95.7 94.8 96.2 94.7 96.3 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 94.7 95.6 94.9 96.3 93.6 95.2 92.2 94.0 FLORIDA 85.5 89.9 88.7 91.3 89.6 91.7 90.0 92.5 GEORGIA 88.9 92.1 86.2 89.1 87.6 89.7 88.4 91.0 HAWAII 94.6 96.4 93.5 94.9 93.0 95.0 92.2 94.4 IDAHO 89.5 92.2 90.7 91.7 91.8 93.1 91.5 93.1 ILLINOIS 95.0 95.9 94.2 95.8 93.7 95.3 93.6 95.2 INDIANA 90.3 93.5 91.6 93.6 92.3 94.7 92.2 94.3 IOWA 95.4 97.2 96.2 97.4 95.1 96.4 95.7 96.5 KANSAS 94.9 96.7 94.3 95.8 94.4 96.4 94.6 96.1 KENTUCKY 86.9 90.9 88.1 91.0 87.4 91.1 86.2 90.6 LOUISIANA 88.9 93.3 89.7 92.7 90.3 93.6 88.7 91.9 MAINE 90.7 93.1 93.4 95.3 94.0 95.6 93.4 95.4 MARYLAND 96.3 96.7 95.7 96.5 95.5 96.7 95.7 96.7 MASSACHUSETTS 94.3 95.9 95.9 96.9 95.2 96.3 96.4 97.1 MICHIGAN 93.8 94.9 92.8 94.5 92.9 94.2 93.4 94.5 MINNESOTA 96.4 97.5 95.8 97.1 96.4 97.4 96.2 97.2 MISSISSIPPI 82.4 89.1 82.4 87.5 80.9 87.6 80.1 87.3 MISSOURI 92.1 94.1 91.5 93.7 92.5 94.8 93.4 94.9 MONTANA 92.8 94.5 91.0 94.0 91.4 93.9 90.9 93.7 NEBRASKA 94.0 95.3 95.7 96.8 95.3 96.6 95.6 96.8 NEVADA 89.4 91.9 90.4 92.8 91.8 93.8 92.4 93.7 NEW HAMPSHIRE 95.0 96.9 94.3 95.8 93.2 94.6 94.0 95.0 NEW JERSEY 94.1 95.1 94.8 96.1 94.9 96.2 94.9 96.1 NEW MEXICO 85.3 90.9 82.0 87.0 84.1 88.2 85.1 89.1 NEW YORK 90.8 92.2 91.8 93.6 92.1 93.6 93.2 94.3 NORTH CAROLINA 89.3 92.9 88.3 91.9 89.4 92.4 90.2 92.5 NORTH DAKOTA 95.1 97.3 94.6 96.8 95.3 96.7 96.1 97.0 OHIO 92.2 93.9 92.4 94.4 92.2 94.5 93.1 94.4 OKLAHOMA 91.5 93.7 90.3 92.5 88.8 91.7 90.4 93.0 OREGON 91.2 93.5 90.6 92.3 90.3 92.1 92.7 94.3 PENNSYLVANIA 95.1 97.1 94.9 96.5 95.3 96.6 96.3 97.4 RHODE ISLAND 93.3 94.6 93.6 94.6 94.0 95.1 95.9 96.8 SOUTH CAROLINA 81.8 84.9 83.7 87.7 86.8 90.5 86.3 90.6 SOUTH DAKOTA 92.7 95.0 93.2 94.9 92.6 94.5 92.6 94.2 TENNESSEE 87.6 92.6 88.5 92.0 89.3 92.6 89.6 93.6 TEXAS 89.0 92.6 88.4 91.6 88.1 91.6 88.9 91.9 UTAH 90.3 92.2 92.5 94.2 93.9 95.1 93.0 93.9 VERMONT 92.7 94.3 92.3 94.0 92.9 94.1 93.8 95.6 VIRGINIA 93.1 94.7 93.1 95.1 91.7 93.8 92.1 94.1 WASHINGTON 92.5 93.7 93.0 94.4 94.7 96.2 94.6 96.3 WEST VIRGINIA 88.1 91.1 87.7 91.8 87.6 91.7 88.2 91.9 WISCONSIN 94.8 96.1 95.2 96.6 94.1 95.4 95.1 95.9 WYOMING 89.7 93.3 89.9 92.8 93.4 94.9 92.1 95.1 1983 1984 1985 1986 NOVEMBER ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE 15 Table 3 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 92.4 94.2 92.7 94.5 93.1 94.9 93.3 95.0 ALABAMA 87.5 89.6 87.3 89.6 89.0 91.3 89.5 91.1 ALASKA 87.8 90.2 87.6 89.9 86.8 89.9 89.3 92.6 ARIZONA 88.6 90.7 90.6 92.3 91.6 93.2 93.0 95.1 ARKANSAS 86.3 90.7 86.1 90.2 87.5 91.0 88.7 91.9 CALIFORNIA 93.8 95.0 94.4 95.5 94.9 96.0 94.6 95.5 COLORADO 92.9 95.5 93.8 95.4 94.6 96.0 94.7 96.3 CONNECTICUT 97.0 98.0 96.3 98.9 98.1 98.5 97.1 97.7 DELAWARE 96.5 97.3 97.0 97.9 96.6 97.5 96.0 97.1 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 92.4 94.2 94.6 95.9 92.7 94.8 91.4 93.2 FLORIDA 91.7 93.8 92.7 94.5 92.9 94.5 93.0 94.9 GEORGIA 88.7 91.3 90.1 92.4 90.2 92.9 90.9 93.4 HAWAII 94.2 96.6 94.5 96.3 95.1 96.9 95.3 96.8 IDAHO 91.1 92.5 92.2 93.3 92.5 93.6 92.8 94.1 ILLINOIS 93.7 95.2 94.2 95.6 93.9 95.4 94.3 95.7 INDIANA 91.2 93.2 92.3 94.9 93.2 95.9 92.8 95.9 IOWA 95.1 96.3 95.4 96.9 96.3 97.5 96.1 96.9 KANSAS 95.2 96.6 94.4 95.7 94.4 95.8 95.4 96.5 KENTUCKY 86.5 90.6 87.5 90.9 88.9 92.7 89.1 93.3 LOUISIANA 87.5 90.8 87.3 91.1 88.6 91.3 89.4 92.0 MAINE 93.5 95.2 94.2 95.9 95.3 96.4 95.7 97.6 MARYLAND 95.4 96.6 95.9 97.2 95.0 96.6 95.4 96.7 MASSACHUSETTS 96.4 97.0 96.9 97.3 97.1 97.8 96.6 97.4 MICHIGAN 93.7 94.8 93.9 95.0 93.7 94.9 94.1 95.5 MINNESOTA 96.0 97.4 97.2 98.4 96.8 97.8 96.9 98.1 MISSISSIPPI 81.5 86.3 83.3 88.6 85.5 90.3 87.0 90.9 MISSOURI 93.0 95.3 93.5 95.6 91.0 93.4 92.0 95.3 MONTANA 90.9 93.9 91.7 94.2 91.7 94.3 92.0 94.2 NEBRASKA 94.6 96.1 95.4 96.1 95.2 96.3 96.2 97.1 NEVADA 92.4 93.7 92.4 93.4 92.7 93.3 92.6 93.6 NEW HAMPSHIRE 94.1 96.2 95.2 96.1 95.4 97.1 95.0 96.5 NEW JERSEY 95.0 96.3 94.4 95.9 94.8 96.1 94.7 95.9 NEW MEXICO 86.0 89.3 85.7 89.1 85.8 89.6 85.8 89.5 NEW YORK 92.7 94.2 92.4 94.0 92.3 94.0 91.1 92.8 NORTH CAROLINA 89.2 91.7 90.4 92.8 91.9 94.1 91.9 94.2 NORTH DAKOTA 96.8 97.4 96.8 97.5 97.0 98.0 97.0 97.9 OHIO 93.4 94.7 94.4 95.2 94.6 95.5 95.2 96.3 OKLAHOMA 88.7 91.8 88.9 91.6 88.2 91.2 89.5 92.7 OREGON 93.3 94.8 92.0 93.5 92.3 93.9 94.5 95.9 PENNSYLVANIA 96.4 97.3 96.2 97.1 97.0 97.5 96.9 97.6 RHODE ISLAND 95.2 96.3 95.4 96.5 95.4 96.3 95.6 96.5 SOUTH CAROLINA 87.7 90.6 88.5 91.4 87.8 90.8 90.2 93.2 SOUTH DAKOTA 92.8 95.0 92.9 95.4 93.3 95.0 93.4 95.3 TENNESSEE 89.2 92.6 90.3 93.5 91.9 95.1 91.6 94.1 TEXAS 89.5 92.2 88.5 91.3 88.8 91.6 89.4 92.0 UTAH 92.3 94.6 92.5 94.5 95.9 96.5 95.6 96.3 VERMONT 95.3 96.9 95.6 96.8 93.9 95.7 94.9 96.9 VIRGINIA 92.5 94.6 92.9 95.5 93.2 95.7 93.0 94.9 WASHINGTON 94.3 96.4 94.3 95.7 96.4 97.3 97.1 97.7 WEST VIRGINIA 87.8 91.5 87.3 91.4 86.8 90.3 87.6 91.7 WISCONSIN 96.4 97.1 97.0 98.0 97.3 98.4 96.9 97.7 WYOMING 92.3 94.1 93.0 94.4 93.6 95.5 94.1 95.9 1987 1988 1989 1990 ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE 16 Table 3 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State 1992 1993 1994 Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 93.4 95.1 93.8 95.3 94.2 95.6 93.8 95.4 ALABAMA 91.4 93.3 90.8 93.2 91.9 94.3 91.3 94.3 ALASKA 90.8 93.5 91.7 94.4 89.9 93.8 91.8 94.6 ARIZONA 93.4 94.9 93.3 94.7 93.3 94.4 93.9 95.3 ARKANSAS 87.6 91.4 87.3 91.0 87.8 91.0 90.2 93.5 CALIFORNIA 95.0 95.9 95.6 96.5 95.8 96.7 94.8 95.7 COLORADO 95.4 97.0 95.5 96.3 96.1 96.5 96.7 97.7 CONNECTICUT 96.2 97.3 96.6 97.3 96.7 97.5 96.5 97.5 DELAWARE 96.4 97.5 96.5 97.8 96.5 96.8 95.5 97.1 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 90.9 92.6 88.7 90.5 90.2 91.7 90.0 91.2 FLORIDA 93.3 95.0 93.5 95.1 93.8 95.1 93.5 94.9 GEORGIA 89.9 91.7 90.2 91.9 93.2 94.2 91.1 93.2 HAWAII 95.1 96.4 95.3 96.8 94.4 96.3 94.3 96.1 IDAHO 92.0 93.6 93.0 94.7 94.4 95.7 94.7 96.2 ILLINOIS 93.8 95.6 93.8 95.5 93.6 95.3 93.6 95.2 INDIANA 92.2 94.6 91.9 93.2 93.7 95.1 93.6 94.8 IOWA 95.6 97.4 95.4 97.4 96.4 97.4 96.8 98.0 KANSAS 94.5 95.7 95.2 96.6 95.6 96.3 94.7 96.2 KENTUCKY 88.1 92.9 89.6 92.6 89.8 93.1 91.2 93.8 LOUISIANA 91.1 93.9 91.7 93.9 90.4 92.2 91.4 93.9 MAINE 94.4 96.6 93.2 95.3 96.0 98.1 96.0 97.8 MARYLAND 96.3 97.2 96.0 97.4 96.7 97.9 95.6 96.6 MASSACHUSETTS 96.4 97.4 96.8 97.5 96.9 97.9 96.5 97.1 MICHIGAN 94.1 95.5 94.4 95.5 95.6 96.5 95.0 96.6 MINNESOTA 97.1 97.9 96.7 98.1 96.1 97.3 95.6 97.2 MISSISSIPPI 86.0 90.9 86.3 90.4 87.2 90.6 88.6 92.5 MISSOURI 93.6 95.2 94.0 96.0 93.1 95.3 93.8 96.0 MONTANA 92.5 94.4 93.2 95.7 94.6 96.3 93.9 95.5 NEBRASKA 95.9 96.4 96.4 97.1 96.6 97.2 96.7 98.0 NEVADA 93.3 94.5 93.7 94.6 95.4 95.9 93.0 93.5 NEW HAMPSHIRE 96.2 97.5 95.4 96.4 96.0 96.9 96.4 97.3 NEW JERSEY 93.6 95.2 94.4 95.3 94.3 95.1 92.9 94.1 NEW MEXICO 87.1 89.9 88.4 90.9 90.2 93.3 88.3 91.2 NEW YORK 91.9 93.4 93.4 94.5 93.5 94.8 93.1 94.4 NORTH CAROLINA 91.8 94.2 92.5 94.5 92.7 94.6 92.6 95.2 NORTH DAKOTA 96.3 97.6 95.8 97.1 97.1 98.0 96.5 97.7 OHIO 94.5 95.8 94.6 95.6 94.9 96.0 94.8 96.0 OKLAHOMA 89.3 91.9 90.9 93.1 92.1 94.0 91.8 93.6 OREGON 94.7 95.4 93.9 94.7 94.8 95.7 96.1 97.0 PENNSYLVANIA 96.8 97.8 96.9 97.7 97.3 98.0 97.0 98.0 RHODE ISLAND 94.7 96.3 94.8 96.0 95.5 96.7 95.9 97.3 SOUTH CAROLINA 90.0 93.3 89.2 92.9 89.8 91.9 89.4 92.3 SOUTH DAKOTA 93.7 95.7 94.1 95.6 93.7 95.4 94.7 96.1 TENNESSEE 92.2 94.6 93.1 95.2 92.0 93.9 93.1 95.6 TEXAS 91.1 93.6 91.5 94.2 91.6 94.3 90.8 93.2 UTAH 96.2 97.0 95.9 96.5 96.0 96.8 95.7 97.1 VERMONT 94.4 96.5 94.2 95.6 94.6 95.9 94.6 96.3 VIRGINIA 92.6 94.7 94.8 96.4 94.3 95.9 94.8 96.7 WASHINGTON 96.8 97.3 96.0 96.9 96.8 98.0 96.0 97.2 WEST VIRGINIA 89.0 93.0 89.3 92.6 90.6 93.6 90.8 94.2 WISCONSIN 96.5 97.5 97.0 97.7 96.9 97.6 96.1 97.6 WYOMING 94.6 96.3 92.7 94.9 93.9 95.7 93.5 95.5 1991 ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE 17 Table 3 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State 1995 1996 1997 1998 Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 93.9 95.2 93.9 95.0 93.9 95.0 94.1 95.2 ALABAMA 92.2 94.0 92.2 93.9 92.3 93.6 93.3 94.4 ALASKA 93.6 95.6 94.4 95.4 94.5 96.4 94.0 96.0 ARIZONA 93.8 95.1 93.1 94.1 91.6 93.2 91.9 93.0 ARKANSAS 89.4 92.5 86.9 89.7 89.8 91.8 88.0 89.8 CALIFORNIA 94.5 95.3 95.0 95.6 94.3 94.9 95.2 95.9 COLORADO 96.6 97.2 95.5 96.4 95.9 97.3 95.0 96.0 CONNECTICUT 96.9 98.0 97.5 98.2 94.2 94.8 95.5 96.2 DELAWARE 96.2 96.8 96.1 97.1 95.7 96.7 96.7 97.0 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 90.9 92.3 93.0 94.2 90.8 92.3 91.0 92.3 FLORIDA 93.9 94.8 93.1 94.2 92.8 94.0 92.6 93.5 GEORGIA 90.0 91.8 89.7 91.1 92.0 93.0 91.4 92.5 HAWAII 94.7 96.0 94.8 95.9 94.5 95.6 95.4 96.3 IDAHO 95.1 96.1 92.9 94.3 94.0 94.7 93.3 94.2 ILLINOIS 93.6 95.0 93.0 94.2 92.2 93.7 92.8 93.9 INDIANA 94.4 95.9 93.7 95.1 93.8 95.1 94.4 95.7 IOWA 96.4 97.6 96.6 96.9 96.7 97.5 96.7 97.5 KANSAS 93.9 95.0 93.9 95.2 94.0 95.2 94.3 95.3 KENTUCKY 92.1 94.2 92.3 93.3 93.2 94.3 93.3 95.1 LOUISIANA 92.6 95.3 91.1 93.3 91.0 93.5 92.3 93.3 MAINE 95.7 96.9 96.5 97.8 96.1 97.3 96.9 97.9 MARYLAND 96.4 96.8 96.7 97.2 95.7 96.3 96.5 97.0 MASSACHUSETTS 95.9 96.7 95.7 96.7 95.4 96.3 94.5 95.4 MICHIGAN 95.2 96.0 95.0 95.6 94.3 95.2 95.0 96.0 MINNESOTA 97.3 98.1 97.1 98.0 96.9 98.0 97.8 98.3 MISSISSIPPI 86.5 91.1 87.5 91.6 89.2 93.2 89.5 92.0 MISSOURI 94.4 95.7 95.3 96.7 95.0 96.2 94.6 95.9 MONTANA 94.2 95.3 94.3 95.5 93.7 94.8 94.1 95.0 NEBRASKA 97.1 97.8 96.0 96.9 97.1 97.8 96.2 97.0 NEVADA 92.6 93.6 93.5 94.1 94.1 94.4 92.3 93.3 NEW HAMPSHIRE 96.2 97.2 96.1 96.9 96.5 97.4 95.5 96.6 NEW JERSEY 92.3 93.2 93.6 94.8 94.9 96.0 94.5 95.3 NEW MEXICO 86.4 88.8 86.2 88.6 88.1 90.8 88.2 91.3 NEW YORK 92.9 93.9 93.4 94.3 94.2 95.1 94.8 95.7 NORTH CAROLINA 93.4 95.1 93.5 95.1 93.1 94.2 93.1 94.0 NORTH DAKOTA 97.2 97.9 96.3 96.7 95.8 97.0 96.8 97.5 OHIO 94.0 95.0 94.5 95.6 94.6 95.3 95.6 96.3 OKLAHOMA 91.5 92.9 91.3 92.6 91.4 93.1 90.6 91.7 OREGON 96.4 96.9 96.0 96.8 95.6 96.3 96.0 97.2 PENNSYLVANIA 96.8 97.5 96.9 97.5 97.1 97.6 96.8 97.4 RHODE ISLAND 96.0 97.4 95.7 96.3 94.5 95.6 95.6 96.5 SOUTH CAROLINA 90.5 92.3 91.3 93.6 92.5 93.8 92.9 94.1 SOUTH DAKOTA 94.3 95.9 93.3 94.5 93.9 95.0 90.6 91.7 TENNESSEE 93.0 95.5 94.0 96.2 94.5 96.4 94.6 96.3 TEXAS 91.3 93.3 91.0 92.6 91.3 93.0 92.2 93.7 UTAH 97.6 97.9 96.7 97.0 96.9 97.7 97.1 97.7 VERMONT 96.5 98.0 95.9 97.7 95.1 96.7 95.2 96.1 VIRGINIA 95.9 97.3 94.9 96.1 94.5 95.7 93.9 94.6 WASHINGTON 95.7 96.6 94.5 95.5 95.9 96.9 95.2 95.9 WEST VIRGINIA 92.7 94.9 92.9 95.0 93.2 94.9 93.8 95.5 WISCONSIN 97.3 97.7 97.0 97.7 96.3 97.2 95.9 96.8 WYOMING 94.1 95.5 95.0 95.7 93.4 95.0 93.7 94.6 AVERAGE ANNUALANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE 18 Table 3 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State 1999 2000 2001 2002 Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 94.2 95.0 94.4 95.2 94.9 95.7 95.3 96.2 ALABAMA 91.5 93.0 91.9 93.3 92.8 94.0 92.2 93.2 ALASKA 94.6 96.5 94.3 96.9 96.0 97.1 96.4 97.9 ARIZONA 93.2 93.8 93.9 94.8 94.5 95.1 94.8 96.0 ARKANSAS 88.9 90.5 88.6 89.9 91.3 92.9 92.1 93.4 CALIFORNIA 95.7 96.2 95.8 96.4 96.6 97.0 97.0 97.4 COLORADO 96.7 97.2 96.3 96.7 96.7 97.3 97.2 97.7 CONNECTICUT 96.5 96.8 96.4 96.8 96.1 96.8 97.4 97.9 DELAWARE 95.7 96.9 96.3 97.1 96.2 96.9 96.8 97.3 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 92.4 93.5 93.2 94.1 94.5 95.5 94.0 95.6 FLORIDA 92.6 93.6 92.1 92.9 93.2 94.0 94.3 95.2 GEORGIA 92.1 93.2 91.1 92.5 92.4 93.4 94.0 94.8 HAWAII 96.3 97.1 94.7 95.3 95.7 96.6 96.8 97.7 IDAHO 93.8 94.6 93.9 94.8 94.5 95.6 95.0 96.1 ILLINOIS 91.8 93.0 91.5 92.3 92.5 93.4 92.8 93.7 INDIANA 93.8 95.2 94.5 95.3 93.9 95.0 93.4 94.5 IOWA 95.8 96.5 96.2 97.1 97.1 97.8 96.9 97.8 KANSAS 93.8 94.8 94.8 95.7 94.2 95.9 95.5 96.6 KENTUCKY 92.8 94.1 93.3 94.3 93.5 94.5 95.0 96.0 LOUISIANA 91.5 93.1 92.6 93.8 93.6 94.6 92.4 93.6 MAINE 97.2 97.9 97.9 98.3 97.8 98.5 97.9 98.7 MARYLAND 95.3 95.8 95.0 96.0 96.0 96.3 96.4 97.0 MASSACHUSETTS 95.4 96.0 94.6 95.5 95.6 96.1 96.9 97.5 MICHIGAN 94.2 94.9 95.0 95.6 94.7 95.6 94.3 94.9 MINNESOTA 96.9 97.3 97.4 97.8 97.5 97.8 97.7 98.3 MISSISSIPPI 88.0 91.2 89.2 92.0 89.9 92.6 91.4 93.3 MISSOURI 95.6 96.6 95.8 96.9 96.1 96.8 96.2 97.0 MONTANA 95.3 96.2 94.6 95.1 95.0 95.7 94.8 96.0 NEBRASKA 95.9 96.6 97.3 98.0 96.6 97.4 95.8 96.7 NEVADA 93.1 93.5 94.0 94.5 95.1 95.8 95.5 96.1 NEW HAMPSHIRE 97.0 97.6 97.7 98.3 98.3 98.6 97.2 97.7 NEW JERSEY 93.9 94.3 94.6 95.0 95.8 96.4 95.9 96.9 NEW MEXICO 89.8 91.4 91.2 92.7 92.2 93.6 91.8 93.9 NEW YORK 95.3 96.1 95.1 95.7 95.1 95.9 95.8 96.3 NORTH CAROLINA 93.9 94.8 93.9 95.0 93.6 94.7 94.3 95.2 NORTH DAKOTA 97.3 97.9 95.8 96.4 94.4 95.3 94.9 95.0 OHIO 94.7 95.6 94.8 95.8 96.0 96.7 95.9 96.9 OKLAHOMA 91.2 92.5 91.2 92.3 93.2 94.3 93.1 94.6 OREGON 95.2 96.1 94.8 95.6 95.6 96.5 97.2 97.7 PENNSYLVANIA 97.1 97.4 96.6 97.1 97.0 97.5 98.0 98.2 RHODE ISLAND 94.3 94.7 94.9 95.9 96.3 96.7 96.1 96.7 SOUTH CAROLINA 92.9 94.0 93.2 94.2 94.5 95.6 94.3 95.1 SOUTH DAKOTA 92.7 93.4 94.3 95.0 95.1 95.8 95.1 95.6 TENNESSEE 94.5 96.0 95.5 96.6 93.2 94.7 93.6 94.9 TEXAS 92.4 93.5 93.5 94.4 93.8 94.9 94.2 95.5 UTAH 95.6 96.5 95.9 96.5 96.6 96.9 96.7 97.6 VERMONT 95.3 96.7 95.6 96.2 97.2 97.8 97.6 98.1 VIRGINIA 93.2 94.1 95.4 96.0 94.7 95.3 96.2 96.8 WASHINGTON 95.9 96.4 94.9 96.0 96.0 96.9 96.4 97.2 WEST VIRGINIA 92.7 94.6 94.0 95.3 93.5 95.3 94.5 95.7 WISCONSIN 95.7 96.6 94.8 96.0 95.8 96.8 96.1 97.0 WYOMING 95.0 95.6 94.7 96.0 93.8 94.8 94.0 94.8 ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL ANNUAL AVERAGEAVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE 19 Table 3 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State 2003 2004 2005 2006 Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 95.1 96.0 93.8 94.8 93.1 94.3 93.6 94.7 ALABAMA 91.7 93.0 92.2 93.4 91.6 92.8 90.4 92.4 ALASKA 96.8 98.2 95.6 96.8 95.2 96.4 95.7 97.2 ARIZONA 95.2 96.1 91.8 92.7 92.9 93.9 92.5 93.6 ARKANSAS 91.0 92.3 88.6 90.8 87.9 90.5 90.0 91.7 CALIFORNIA 97.1 97.5 96.0 96.5 95.4 96.2 95.6 96.3 COLORADO 96.8 97.4 95.8 96.4 95.1 96.0 94.7 95.5 CONNECTICUT 96.8 97.9 95.5 96.3 93.9 95.0 95.2 96.1 DELAWARE 96.6 97.2 96.0 97.0 91.5 92.8 93.5 94.4 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 95.3 96.3 91.9 93.0 92.2 94.0 91.2 93.0 FLORIDA 94.6 95.3 93.4 94.6 91.8 93.4 92.7 94.2 GEORGIA 93.7 94.4 91.2 92.0 89.8 91.1 90.5 91.5 HAWAII 97.3 98.2 95.4 96.4 94.8 95.7 95.5 96.5 IDAHO 94.5 95.9 94.8 95.7 94.8 95.8 95.5 96.1 ILLINOIS 91.7 92.6 90.1 91.0 89.6 90.5 90.8 91.5 INDIANA 93.5 94.5 91.8 93.1 90.8 92.3 89.3 90.5 IOWA 96.8 97.5 95.4 96.6 95.4 96.1 96.1 96.8 KANSAS 95.9 97.0 94.8 96.0 94.3 95.6 94.3 95.3 KENTUCKY 94.6 95.5 91.4 92.9 91.3 93.0 91.3 92.7 LOUISIANA 93.2 94.3 90.9 92.3 91.8 93.5 93.9 95.2 MAINE 97.8 98.3 96.6 97.8 95.7 96.8 96.3 97.5 MARYLAND 97.7 98.1 93.4 94.2 94.0 94.7 95.4 96.6 MASSACHUSETTS 97.6 98.2 96.4 96.9 94.5 95.6 95.3 96.2 MICHIGAN 94.3 95.5 93.7 94.6 92.6 94.0 94.2 94.8 MINNESOTA 96.9 97.5 97.1 97.9 96.2 97.3 97.6 98.5 MISSISSIPPI 91.7 93.5 89.6 90.9 89.5 92.0 90.5 92.8 MISSOURI 95.9 96.5 93.7 94.8 94.2 95.6 94.9 96.3 MONTANA 93.2 94.3 93.5 94.4 93.0 94.9 93.3 94.8 NEBRASKA 96.0 96.5 95.7 96.8 94.3 96.3 93.5 95.6 NEVADA 94.5 95.1 92.2 92.9 91.2 92.1 93.0 93.7 NEW HAMPSHIRE 97.6 97.9 96.4 96.9 95.8 96.8 96.4 97.2 NEW JERSEY 96.3 97.2 95.1 95.9 93.8 95.0 94.9 95.6 NEW MEXICO 91.7 93.7 91.4 93.5 91.2 92.9 88.5 90.2 NEW YORK 95.2 95.8 94.5 95.2 92.1 93.6 91.6 93.0 NORTH CAROLINA 94.1 95.2 93.3 94.4 92.8 94.1 93.3 95.0 NORTH DAKOTA 94.1 94.9 95.0 95.7 96.3 97.0 96.5 97.2 OHIO 96.3 96.9 94.9 96.0 94.1 94.9 94.7 95.8 OKLAHOMA 91.6 92.7 91.0 93.1 89.2 91.2 92.2 94.0 OREGON 96.5 97.0 95.5 96.2 95.7 96.7 96.7 97.3 PENNSYLVANIA 97.0 97.5 95.6 96.1 95.6 96.4 96.3 96.9 RHODE ISLAND 96.9 97.4 95.3 95.8 95.3 96.0 94.4 95.3 SOUTH CAROLINA 93.2 94.9 93.4 95.5 93.1 94.7 92.5 93.7 SOUTH DAKOTA 94.1 95.0 93.6 94.4 95.9 96.6 96.4 97.1 TENNESSEE 94.2 95.4 92.8 94.0 92.3 93.3 92.5 93.6 TEXAS 93.6 94.8 91.8 93.4 91.1 92.5 91.5 93.1 UTAH 97.1 97.8 96.3 97.1 96.9 97.6 96.6 97.3 VERMONT 97.0 97.9 95.9 96.6 95.6 96.5 96.0 96.7 VIRGINIA 95.5 96.3 94.0 94.9 93.2 94.4 94.1 95.4 WASHINGTON 96.6 97.4 95.5 96.4 96.9 97.4 96.9 97.7 WEST VIRGINIA 94.3 95.8 93.2 94.5 92.6 94.1 93.0 94.1 WISCONSIN 96.1 96.8 95.5 96.3 94.8 95.4 95.6 96.1 WYOMING 93.8 95.0 94.6 95.3 94.8 95.8 96.1 96.6 ANNUAL ANNUAL AVERAGEAVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE ANNUAL AVERAGE 20 Table 3 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 94.6 95.3 95.0 95.8 94.9 95.8 94.8 95.6 ALABAMA 90.7 92.3 92.6 94.1 92.1 93.0 91.8 93.1 ALASKA 96.0 96.8 96.7 98.0 96.9 97.8 96.5 97.6 ARIZONA 94.2 95.3 93.1 94.5 91.6 93.0 92.9 94.3 ARKANSAS 91.0 91.5 93.0 93.9 91.9 93.6 92.0 93.0 CALIFORNIA 96.2 96.6 96.7 97.2 96.7 97.2 96.5 97.0 COLORADO 96.1 97.0 97.4 97.6 97.0 97.3 96.8 97.3 CONNECTICUT 95.4 96.2 96.7 97.6 97.6 97.8 96.6 97.2 DELAWARE 93.7 94.0 95.0 95.4 95.9 96.7 94.9 95.4 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 92.5 93.7 90.5 91.4 92.0 93.9 91.6 93.0 FLORIDA 93.2 94.3 93.3 94.4 94.2 95.6 93.6 94.8 GEORGIA 92.7 93.3 92.2 93.9 92.8 94.0 92.6 93.7 HAWAII 96.0 96.4 96.9 97.3 95.1 96.5 96.0 96.7 IDAHO 96.5 97.4 96.8 97.1 96.0 96.3 96.4 97.0 ILLINOIS 93.4 94.0 94.1 94.6 94.7 95.5 94.1 94.7 INDIANA 91.6 92.1 91.0 92.3 88.6 89.7 90.4 91.3 IOWA 96.5 97.1 97.7 98.2 96.9 97.9 97.0 97.8 KANSAS 95.0 95.6 97.0 97.6 96.4 96.7 96.2 96.6 KENTUCKY 94.4 94.5 94.4 95.2 94.3 94.7 94.4 94.8 LOUISIANA 94.6 94.8 93.9 95.8 96.1 96.7 94.9 95.8 MAINE 97.1 97.7 97.0 98.2 95.8 96.4 96.6 97.4 MARYLAND 95.5 96.4 96.3 97.5 94.9 95.4 95.5 96.4 MASSACHUSETTS 96.1 97.0 95.9 97.4 97.0 97.8 96.3 97.4 MICHIGAN 94.1 94.8 95.6 96.5 95.2 95.6 95.0 95.6 MINNESOTA 98.1 98.6 97.8 98.5 97.8 99.0 97.9 98.7 MISSISSIPPI 91.0 91.9 89.8 91.3 90.6 92.9 90.5 92.0 MISSOURI 95.7 96.6 96.1 96.7 96.5 97.5 96.1 96.9 MONTANA 96.0 97.0 94.7 95.1 95.4 96.3 95.4 96.1 NEBRASKA 94.0 94.6 92.8 93.6 94.3 94.9 93.7 94.3 NEVADA 93.8 95.1 95.5 96.0 96.4 97.1 95.2 96.1 NEW HAMPSHIRE 96.5 96.9 96.6 98.3 97.5 98.4 96.8 97.9 NEW JERSEY 95.8 96.3 94.9 95.2 96.3 96.6 95.7 96.0 NEW MEXICO 92.5 93.5 91.1 92.7 91.3 92.9 91.6 93.0 NEW YORK 93.0 94.0 93.0 94.1 94.2 95.3 93.4 94.5 NORTH CAROLINA 93.7 94.7 94.8 95.6 95.1 96.5 94.5 95.6 NORTH DAKOTA 98.1 98.6 97.6 98.1 98.5 98.8 98.0 98.5 OHIO 94.9 95.8 96.6 97.6 96.2 97.1 95.9 96.8 OKLAHOMA 92.8 94.4 95.3 96.0 96.5 97.0 94.9 95.8 OREGON 96.8 97.6 97.7 98.3 95.8 96.6 96.7 97.5 PENNSYLVANIA 96.1 96.7 97.3 97.8 97.6 97.8 97.0 97.5 RHODE ISLAND 95.7 96.2 95.4 96.1 94.8 95.8 95.3 96.0 SOUTH CAROLINA 91.2 92.6 91.6 93.5 88.9 90.7 90.6 92.2 SOUTH DAKOTA 97.5 97.9 96.4 97.2 97.7 98.5 97.2 97.9 TENNESSEE 94.4 94.9 93.2 94.3 92.1 93.4 93.2 94.2 TEXAS 93.8 94.8 94.1 94.9 92.5 93.7 93.5 94.4 UTAH 97.7 98.1 96.6 97.6 96.1 96.9 96.8 97.5 VERMONT 97.7 98.2 98.0 98.2 96.4 97.7 97.4 98.0 VIRGINIA 94.5 95.3 95.6 96.3 95.9 96.4 95.3 96.0 WASHINGTON 98.3 98.5 95.8 96.4 96.3 97.3 96.8 97.4 WEST VIRGINIA 93.9 95.0 94.3 95.3 95.4 96.1 94.5 95.5 WISCONSIN 96.2 96.6 97.7 97.9 96.6 96.8 96.8 97.1 WYOMING 96.4 96.9 95.3 96.2 96.6 97.8 96.1 97.0 AVERAGENOVEMBERJULYMARCH 2007 ANNUAL 21 Table 3 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 95.2 95.9 95.4 96.1 95.0 95.7 95.2 95.9 ALABAMA 91.8 93.5 95.4 96.8 94.9 95.2 94.0 95.2 ALASKA 95.9 97.9 96.1 98.1 97.2 98.9 96.4 98.3 ARIZONA 93.7 94.1 94.6 95.5 95.4 96.6 94.6 95.4 ARKANSAS 92.5 92.9 93.6 93.9 92.4 93.1 92.9 93.3 CALIFORNIA 96.6 97.1 96.4 97.0 96.3 96.8 96.5 97.0 COLORADO 98.4 98.9 98.0 98.5 97.6 98.0 98.0 98.4 CONNECTICUT 97.4 97.6 96.9 97.1 97.1 97.5 97.1 97.4 DELAWARE 95.2 95.5 92.3 92.7 96.7 96.8 94.7 95.0 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 93.9 95.5 91.8 92.8 90.3 91.7 92.0 93.3 FLORIDA 93.8 94.3 93.1 94.1 92.1 92.9 93.0 93.8 GEORGIA 95.0 95.5 92.9 94.0 90.8 92.2 92.9 93.9 HAWAII 96.1 97.3 97.1 97.5 96.2 96.4 96.5 97.0 IDAHO 98.1 98.1 95.2 95.9 94.8 95.2 96.0 96.4 ILLINOIS 94.1 94.9 94.2 95.0 93.9 94.6 94.1 94.9 INDIANA 92.2 92.5 92.6 93.1 91.5 92.2 92.1 92.6 IOWA 97.1 97.4 98.1 98.3 97.1 97.5 97.4 97.7 KANSAS 96.5 96.7 96.7 97.3 95.9 96.6 96.4 96.9 KENTUCKY 92.4 93.2 94.7 95.6 95.1 95.9 94.1 94.9 LOUISIANA 96.7 97.5 95.9 96.6 94.5 95.6 95.7 96.6 MAINE 97.8 98.3 97.6 97.9 98.1 98.7 97.8 98.3 MARYLAND 94.7 95.5 93.3 93.8 96.0 96.7 94.7 95.3 MASSACHUSETTS 96.4 97.7 96.7 97.0 96.1 96.7 96.4 97.1 MICHIGAN 96.1 96.5 96.0 96.1 95.8 96.0 96.0 96.2 MINNESOTA 98.0 98.4 98.3 99.1 98.2 98.7 98.2 98.7 MISSISSIPPI 92.7 94.0 93.0 94.2 92.3 93.9 92.7 94.0 MISSOURI 96.5 97.0 97.0 97.4 97.0 97.8 96.8 97.4 MONTANA 95.1 95.3 94.9 96.1 93.4 94.0 94.5 95.1 NEBRASKA 95.3 96.6 95.6 97.2 93.3 95.8 94.7 96.5 NEVADA 93.8 94.4 95.8 97.0 92.5 92.8 94.0 94.7 NEW HAMPSHIRE 96.7 98.2 98.2 98.9 98.1 98.5 97.7 98.5 NEW JERSEY 94.3 94.6 94.6 94.8 95.4 95.8 94.8 95.1 NEW MEXICO 94.0 94.0 92.4 94.6 91.4 92.5 92.6 93.7 NEW YORK 94.2 95.1 94.3 95.3 94.7 95.5 94.4 95.3 NORTH CAROLINA 92.2 93.4 94.5 95.1 93.9 94.9 93.5 94.5 NORTH DAKOTA 97.7 97.9 98.8 99.3 98.5 99.0 98.3 98.7 OHIO 97.4 97.6 97.0 97.6 96.4 96.7 96.9 97.3 OKLAHOMA 95.1 96.0 95.1 95.9 95.6 96.2 95.3 96.0 OREGON 97.3 97.9 97.5 97.7 98.1 98.8 97.6 98.1 PENNSYLVANIA 97.7 98.1 97.6 98.5 98.3 98.7 97.9 98.4 RHODE ISLAND 95.9 96.4 97.3 98.0 96.0 96.5 96.4 97.0 SOUTH CAROLINA 91.0 92.3 90.1 91.0 91.4 93.0 90.8 92.1 SOUTH DAKOTA 96.1 97.4 97.8 98.1 96.4 96.8 96.8 97.5 TENNESSEE 93.0 93.2 93.1 93.7 92.9 94.2 93.0 93.7 TEXAS 93.6 95.2 95.4 96.1 93.9 94.7 94.3 95.3 UTAH 97.2 97.7 97.1 97.4 96.3 96.6 96.9 97.2 VERMONT 97.3 97.7 96.4 96.8 97.4 98.0 97.0 97.5 VIRGINIA 96.6 96.8 95.5 96.4 95.0 95.5 95.7 96.2 WASHINGTON 98.3 98.5 97.9 98.3 98.0 98.3 98.1 98.4 WEST VIRGINIA 93.8 94.4 94.2 95.3 95.4 96.2 94.5 95.3 WISCONSIN 97.0 97.3 97.7 98.1 96.8 97.5 97.2 97.6 WYOMING 95.6 97.3 95.4 96.7 96.4 96.7 95.8 96.9 MARCH 2008 ANNUAL JULY NOVEMBER AVERAGE 22 Table 3 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by State Unit Avail Unit Avail UNITED STATES 95.6 96.3 95.7 96.3 ALABAMA 94.7 95.2 95.3 96.0 ALASKA 95.8 97.0 95.9 97.5 ARIZONA 93.0 93.9 93.5 94.4 ARKANSAS 93.5 94.1 92.8 93.6 CALIFORNIA 96.8 97.3 96.6 96.9 COLORADO 98.3 98.8 97.0 97.7 CONNECTICUT 97.6 97.8 98.5 98.9 DELAWARE 95.8 96.1 96.5 96.9 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 94.1 94.9 91.3 92.0 FLORIDA 92.6 93.1 92.9 93.7 GEORGIA 95.0 95.5 93.8 94.5 HAWAII 97.2 97.7 98.7 98.7 IDAHO 96.8 97.1 96.3 96.8 ILLINOIS 94.6 95.6 95.9 96.5 INDIANA 93.3 94.2 92.3 92.3 IOWA 98.4 98.8 98.3 98.6 KANSAS 96.5 97.5 97.1 97.5 KENTUCKY 93.4 94.0 94.8 95.0 LOUISIANA 95.5 96.1 94.9 95.7 MAINE 97.9 98.5 97.1 97.9 MARYLAND 95.5 96.1 95.0 95.5 MASSACHUSETTS 97.9 98.4 98.2 98.6 MICHIGAN 97.1 97.5 97.1 97.3 MINNESOTA 98.4 98.7 98.1 99.0 MISSISSIPPI 93.5 95.1 94.1 96.4 MISSOURI 97.2 98.1 95.1 96.4 MONTANA 95.7 96.1 92.3 92.7 NEBRASKA 95.9 97.8 95.9 97.2 NEVADA 94.1 95.2 94.4 94.8 NEW HAMPSHIRE 98.5 99.1 98.0 98.5 NEW JERSEY 94.8 95.3 95.1 95.6 NEW MEXICO 92.3 93.4 95.3 96.2 NEW YORK 94.7 95.6 95.4 96.0 NORTH CAROLINA 95.3 96.4 95.5 97.1 NORTH DAKOTA 98.5 99.1 98.3 98.6 OHIO 97.5 98.2 96.6 97.0 OKLAHOMA 96.0 96.5 97.3 97.9 OREGON 98.2 98.3 97.3 98.1 PENNSYLVANIA 97.6 98.0 97.9 98.3 RHODE ISLAND 96.0 96.6 97.4 97.7 SOUTH CAROLINA 94.6 95.4 95.0 95.7 SOUTH DAKOTA 96.9 97.9 97.6 98.0 TENNESSEE 92.6 93.2 93.1 93.5 TEXAS 94.7 95.5 95.2 95.8 UTAH 96.2 96.6 96.7 96.9 VERMONT 97.1 98.0 98.2 98.7 VIRGINIA 95.4 95.9 96.4 96.7 WASHINGTON 98.7 99.1 97.6 98.4 WEST VIRGINIA 94.9 95.5 95.2 95.9 WISCONSIN 96.6 97.3 97.0 97.4 WYOMING 98.4 98.7 96.3 97.2 JULY 2009 MARCH 23 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail NOVEMBER 1983 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.4 93.7 93.1 95.0 78.8 83.9 80.7 84.6 UNDER $5,000 71.7 78.4 75.7 81.9 62.7 70.4 58.3 64.6 $5,000 - $7,499 82.7 87.2 84.5 88.5 74.7 82.0 71.1 76.5 $7,500 - $9,999 88.2 90.9 89.6 92.2 80.5 83.9 72.6 77.9 $10,000 - $12,499 89.7 92.7 91.2 93.9 82.0 86.2 76.8 82.1 $12,500 - $14,999 92.1 94.6 93.4 95.2 82.5 90.7 89.8 91.7 $15,000 - $17,499 94.6 96.2 94.9 96.4 91.7 95.1 86.9 90.8 $17,500 - $19,999 95.7 97.4 96.1 97.7 91.4 95.0 88.4 91.5 $20,000 - $24,999 96.9 97.8 97.4 98.2 91.2 93.2 93.1 94.3 $25,000 - $29,999 98.0 98.9 98.2 99.0 96.1 97.2 98.3 99.0 $30,000 - $34,999 98.8 99.1 99.0 99.2 95.1 97.7 97.7 98.9 $35,000 - $39,999 99.0 99.5 99.1 99.5 98.4 98.4 92.1 98.2 $40,000 - $49,999 99.2 99.5 99.4 99.7 97.3 97.3 100.0 100.0 $50,000 - $74,999 99.4 99.7 99.5 99.7 98.5 100.0 99.6 100.0 $75,000 + 99.4 99.6 99.4 99.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1984 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.6 93.7 93.2 94.9 79.8 84.5 80.9 84.3 UNDER $5,000 71.2 77.5 74.5 80.4 63.2 70.5 55.1 62.3 $5,000 - $7,499 83.3 86.9 85.5 88.7 74.8 80.2 69.8 73.6 $7,500 - $9,999 86.5 89.6 88.3 91.0 77.2 82.7 75.0 79.7 $10,000 - $12,499 89.7 92.6 91.1 93.6 81.1 86.3 79.7 84.6 $12,500 - $14,999 92.1 94.4 93.0 95.0 85.4 89.5 87.3 90.5 $15,000 - $17,499 93.7 95.7 94.2 96.0 88.5 92.2 88.4 90.0 $17,500 - $19,999 95.1 96.4 95.6 96.7 91.7 94.4 91.0 92.8 $20,000 - $24,999 96.8 97.8 97.1 98.0 93.3 95.8 92.5 94.5 $25,000 - $29,999 98.1 98.8 98.4 98.9 95.1 97.2 96.4 97.2 $30,000 - $34,999 98.7 99.1 98.8 99.3 96.8 97.2 98.8 99.1 $35,000 - $39,999 99.2 99.5 99.3 99.6 97.7 98.3 98.2 98.5 $40,000 - $49,999 99.3 99.6 99.4 99.7 96.6 96.9 98.9 99.3 $50,000 - $74,999 99.4 99.8 99.5 99.8 98.0 98.4 100.0 100.0 $75,000 + 98.9 99.6 98.9 99.6 96.5 100.0 98.0 100.0 1985 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.8 93.9 93.3 95.0 81.1 85.2 81.3 84.4 UNDER $5,000 71.9 78.1 75.3 81.3 63.9 70.6 61.6 67.0 $5,000 - $7,499 82.7 86.5 84.8 88.1 74.0 79.8 66.6 71.3 $7,500 - $9,999 86.8 90.0 88.1 90.9 80.3 85.0 75.0 79.4 $10,000 - $12,499 89.6 92.2 90.8 93.2 82.3 86.0 80.4 82.8 $12,500 - $14,999 91.0 93.7 92.2 94.5 82.7 87.8 82.8 85.8 $15,000 - $17,499 93.4 95.6 94.2 96.2 88.2 91.8 85.7 88.6 $17,500 - $19,999 94.7 96.2 95.1 96.6 91.5 93.4 90.4 92.8 $20,000 - $24,999 96.3 97.5 96.5 97.6 94.4 96.3 91.3 93.7 $25,000 - $29,999 97.6 98.5 97.8 98.6 95.8 97.3 93.0 95.9 $30,000 - $34,999 98.6 99.0 98.7 99.1 97.3 98.4 97.3 97.3 $35,000 - $39,999 98.8 99.2 98.9 99.4 96.9 97.8 98.2 99.4 $40,000 - $49,999 99.1 99.4 99.1 99.4 97.8 98.2 97.5 98.2 $50,000 - $74,999 99.3 99.7 99.4 99.7 97.9 98.8 99.5 99.5 $75,000 + 99.2 99.5 99.2 99.5 97.6 97.6 98.5 98.5 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 24 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1986 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.3 94.1 93.7 95.2 81.6 85.9 81.4 84.1 UNDER $5,000 71.6 77.4 74.9 80.1 63.9 71.0 57.5 62.9 $5,000 - $7,499 83.1 86.5 85.2 88.2 74.3 79.6 68.1 72.1 $7,500 - $9,999 86.9 90.2 88.4 91.1 78.6 85.2 72.9 75.8 $10,000 - $12,499 89.6 92.1 90.7 93.0 82.6 86.4 80.3 82.6 $12,500 - $14,999 91.2 93.8 91.9 94.4 86.4 90.3 83.9 87.8 $15,000 - $17,499 93.1 95.1 94.3 95.7 85.3 91.6 86.3 88.9 $17,500 - $19,999 94.9 96.3 95.3 96.7 92.2 94.2 87.2 90.1 $20,000 - $24,999 96.5 97.5 96.9 97.9 92.8 94.6 93.0 94.1 $25,000 - $29,999 97.7 98.4 98.0 98.7 94.5 95.9 93.9 95.2 $30,000 - $34,999 98.4 98.9 98.6 99.0 96.7 97.5 97.5 98.4 $35,000 - $39,999 98.9 99.3 99.0 99.4 97.6 97.9 98.1 99.3 $40,000 - $49,999 99.1 99.4 99.1 99.4 98.2 98.2 98.5 98.8 $50,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.8 99.6 99.8 99.4 99.4 99.4 99.7 $75,000 + 99.4 99.6 99.4 99.6 98.0 99.5 97.5 100.0 1987 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.4 94.2 93.8 95.4 81.8 85.9 83.0 85.4 UNDER $5,000 71.5 77.4 75.0 80.3 63.7 71.0 60.7 65.7 $5,000 - $7,499 83.4 86.7 85.5 88.4 74.8 80.2 69.9 72.4 $7,500 - $9,999 86.7 89.6 88.1 90.6 79.3 84.0 75.8 78.9 $10,000 - $12,499 89.5 92.3 90.4 93.1 83.2 87.5 81.0 84.1 $12,500 - $14,999 90.8 93.2 91.9 94.1 83.8 87.7 85.2 86.9 $15,000 - $17,499 92.6 94.9 93.5 95.5 86.9 90.8 85.6 88.7 $17,500 - $19,999 94.4 96.0 95.1 96.4 89.0 92.7 89.3 90.6 $20,000 - $24,999 96.4 97.6 96.8 97.9 93.5 95.1 93.1 94.9 $25,000 - $29,999 97.5 98.4 98.0 98.7 93.4 95.3 96.4 97.1 $30,000 - $34,999 98.1 98.9 98.3 99.0 96.1 97.2 96.9 97.7 $35,000 - $39,999 98.8 99.2 98.9 99.3 96.5 98.6 97.4 97.7 $40,000 - $49,999 99.4 99.7 99.5 99.7 98.7 98.7 99.7 99.8 $50,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 99.1 99.4 98.7 99.6 $75,000 + 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 98.5 99.6 98.6 100.0 1988 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.7 94.5 94.1 95.6 83.0 86.8 82.1 85.1 UNDER $5,000 72.0 78.4 74.9 80.8 65.8 73.2 58.5 64.5 $5,000 - $7,499 83.3 87.1 85.1 88.4 76.9 82.3 66.4 71.7 $7,500 - $9,999 85.6 88.7 87.2 90.3 77.7 81.4 67.3 72.8 $10,000 - $12,499 88.8 91.5 90.1 92.4 81.7 86.5 77.5 80.9 $12,500 - $14,999 91.3 93.7 92.2 94.4 85.1 88.8 81.5 84.5 $15,000 - $19,999 93.6 95.3 94.3 95.9 88.5 91.1 88.6 90.6 $20,000 - $24,999 96.2 97.4 96.5 97.6 93.5 95.7 91.1 93.1 $25,000 - $29,999 97.6 98.4 97.9 98.5 94.4 96.7 95.0 96.4 $30,000 - $34,999 98.4 99.0 98.7 99.2 95.4 96.7 98.6 99.0 $35,000 - $39,999 98.8 99.2 98.9 99.3 97.8 98.4 97.2 97.7 $40,000 - $49,999 99.3 99.6 99.4 99.7 97.3 98.5 98.7 99.7 $50,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.8 99.6 99.8 99.2 99.3 99.4 99.8 $75,000 + 99.5 99.9 99.4 99.9 100.0 100.0 97.8 100.0 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 25 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1989 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.1 94.9 94.5 95.9 83.2 87.1 83.0 86.0 UNDER $5,000 74.4 80.4 78.1 83.2 65.6 73.5 62.1 67.3 $5,000 - $7,499 83.7 87.4 85.7 89.1 77.4 82.0 68.8 73.8 $7,500 - $9,999 86.6 89.8 88.5 91.3 78.4 83.6 75.9 80.2 $10,000 - $12,499 88.4 91.3 90.0 92.6 79.3 84.9 73.2 76.8 $12,500 - $14,999 91.3 93.7 92.4 94.5 84.5 88.8 79.2 83.7 $15,000 - $19,999 93.2 95.0 94.2 95.8 85.9 89.2 86.3 88.8 $20,000 - $24,999 95.9 97.2 96.4 97.5 91.6 94.3 92.0 94.4 $25,000 - $29,999 97.5 98.4 97.9 98.6 94.0 96.0 93.3 96.3 $30,000 - $34,999 98.3 98.8 98.5 98.9 96.1 97.0 95.6 96.2 $35,000 - $39,999 98.7 99.3 98.9 99.4 96.7 98.0 95.8 97.5 $40,000 - $49,999 99.1 99.5 99.2 99.6 97.2 97.7 97.0 98.2 $50,000 - $59,999 99.5 99.7 99.5 99.8 98.7 99.0 98.7 99.2 $60,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.7 99.5 99.7 99.3 99.3 95.7 96.8 $75,000 + 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.5 99.7 99.7 1990 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.3 95.0 94.6 96.1 83.5 87.0 82.7 85.3 UNDER $5,000 75.4 81.0 79.1 84.2 66.1 72.8 61.1 66.1 $5,000 - $7,499 82.6 86.8 84.9 88.8 74.9 80.1 66.7 70.6 $7,500 - $9,999 86.9 89.9 89.0 91.6 77.3 82.4 74.8 77.8 $10,000 - $12,499 88.9 91.7 90.2 92.8 81.9 85.5 74.1 77.1 $12,500 - $14,999 91.7 93.9 92.7 94.7 85.9 88.7 82.0 84.3 $15,000 - $19,999 93.3 95.3 94.2 96.0 87.7 91.0 85.1 88.6 $20,000 - $24,999 95.6 97.0 96.1 97.4 91.9 93.7 89.4 91.3 $25,000 - $29,999 97.0 98.0 97.7 98.5 90.9 93.2 94.2 95.5 $30,000 - $34,999 97.9 98.6 98.4 98.9 93.3 95.4 96.0 97.0 $35,000 - $39,999 98.7 99.3 98.8 99.4 97.0 98.0 94.1 96.3 $40,000 - $49,999 99.1 99.4 99.2 99.5 98.5 98.8 97.8 97.8 $50,000 - $59,999 99.4 99.6 99.5 99.7 98.7 98.7 97.5 98.2 $60,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.7 99.6 99.8 98.3 98.8 98.8 99.1 $75,000 + 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 98.6 98.6 97.7 99.6 1991 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.4 95.1 94.8 96.2 83.5 87.2 84.1 86.7 UNDER $5,000 73.9 80.1 78.3 83.7 63.3 71.2 65.2 71.3 $5,000 - $7,499 82.9 86.8 85.2 88.8 75.0 80.3 69.6 74.7 $7,500 - $9,999 86.5 89.7 88.1 91.0 79.1 83.7 73.1 76.9 $10,000 - $12,499 88.9 91.6 90.0 92.5 82.4 86.2 76.0 79.2 $12,500 - $14,999 91.1 93.4 92.1 94.3 85.5 88.4 82.4 84.6 $15,000 - $19,999 93.4 95.2 94.3 95.9 87.1 90.7 87.0 89.8 $20,000 - $24,999 95.5 97.0 96.0 97.5 91.2 93.3 91.6 93.5 $25,000 - $29,999 96.8 97.9 97.3 98.2 93.6 96.0 90.9 92.4 $30,000 - $34,999 98.3 98.9 98.6 99.2 95.4 97.1 95.8 97.1 $35,000 - $39,999 98.7 99.1 98.8 99.3 97.0 97.7 96.2 97.3 $40,000 - $49,999 99.1 99.5 99.2 99.6 98.1 98.6 98.2 98.8 $50,000 - $59,999 99.5 99.7 99.5 99.7 98.6 99.0 97.9 98.6 $60,000 - $74,999 99.7 99.9 99.7 99.9 99.3 99.5 98.8 99.2 $75,000 + 99.7 99.9 99.7 99.9 99.6 100.0 98.5 99.6 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 26 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1992 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 95.3 95.2 96.4 84.2 87.9 85.8 88.2 UNDER $5,000 72.0 78.1 75.5 81.1 64.1 71.3 65.0 70.7 $5,000 - $7,499 83.2 86.8 85.4 88.3 76.3 82.3 72.0 75.5 $7,500 - $9,999 87.5 90.2 89.2 91.4 79.9 84.9 76.2 79.9 $10,000 - $12,499 90.5 92.9 91.6 93.9 84.6 87.9 82.1 85.3 $12,500 - $14,999 91.5 93.7 92.7 94.7 85.1 88.4 85.7 88.8 $15,000 - $19,999 93.3 95.0 94.3 95.7 86.6 90.6 86.7 89.5 $20,000 - $24,999 95.9 97.1 96.5 97.5 91.2 93.7 93.2 94.5 $25,000 - $29,999 97.1 98.0 97.6 98.5 92.6 94.6 94.8 95.6 $30,000 - $34,999 98.2 98.9 98.4 99.0 96.3 97.4 96.1 97.1 $35,000 - $39,999 98.6 99.0 98.9 99.3 96.4 97.4 96.6 97.5 $40,000 - $49,999 99.2 99.5 99.4 99.6 97.6 98.5 98.2 98.7 $50,000 - $59,999 99.4 99.7 99.4 99.7 98.9 99.6 98.3 98.5 $60,000 - $74,999 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 99.3 99.6 98.9 99.7 $75,000 + 99.4 99.7 99.5 99.8 97.7 97.9 99.1 99.1 1993 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.2 95.6 95.5 96.6 85.2 88.3 86.7 88.8 UNDER $5,000 72.9 78.9 76.4 82.0 65.5 72.7 66.3 70.7 $5,000 - $7,499 84.0 87.2 85.7 88.8 78.7 82.4 75.7 78.6 $7,500 - $9,999 87.4 90.1 89.1 91.4 80.1 84.6 79.7 82.8 $10,000 - $12,499 90.6 92.7 91.9 93.8 82.9 86.7 85.7 88.3 $12,500 - $14,999 92.0 94.1 93.2 95.1 84.8 88.7 84.0 86.2 $15,000 - $19,999 93.6 95.2 94.5 96.0 88.0 90.4 85.3 88.3 $20,000 - $24,999 96.3 97.5 96.8 97.8 92.6 94.6 91.9 94.6 $25,000 - $29,999 97.7 98.5 98.1 98.8 94.5 96.1 95.5 96.9 $30,000 - $34,999 98.3 98.9 98.6 99.1 96.3 96.9 96.2 97.3 $35,000 - $39,999 98.6 99.0 98.8 99.2 96.3 97.1 95.7 96.3 $40,000 - $49,999 99.2 99.5 99.3 99.5 98.2 98.6 96.9 97.4 $50,000 - $59,999 99.5 99.7 99.5 99.7 99.0 99.3 98.4 99.1 $60,000 - $74,999 99.6 99.8 99.6 99.8 99.3 99.3 100.0 100.0 $75,000 + 99.5 99.8 99.5 99.8 99.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 1994 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 95.4 95.1 96.4 85.7 89.4 86.0 88.3 UNDER $5,000 76.1 82.1 79.8 84.6 68.7 77.4 66.3 71.8 $5,000 - $7,499 82.7 87.0 84.9 88.9 77.2 82.4 73.1 77.3 $7,500 - $9,999 87.3 90.5 89.1 92.1 81.4 84.9 81.1 83.8 $10,000 - $12,499 89.6 92.2 90.9 93.1 81.5 88.6 83.3 86.2 $12,500 - $14,999 91.5 94.0 92.9 95.0 85.5 89.2 84.6 87.8 $15,000 - $19,999 93.6 95.3 94.4 95.8 86.6 92.2 87.6 89.7 $20,000 - $24,999 95.2 96.7 95.8 97.2 90.3 93.5 91.4 93.5 $25,000 - $29,999 96.6 97.6 97.0 97.9 93.9 95.8 92.1 93.3 $30,000 - $34,999 97.3 98.2 97.7 98.5 93.8 95.7 91.7 93.9 $35,000 - $39,999 97.8 98.5 98.1 98.6 94.4 97.3 95.2 96.0 $40,000 - $49,999 98.6 99.1 98.8 99.3 97.2 97.8 96.4 96.6 $50,000 - $59,999 99.0 99.3 99.2 99.4 96.3 98.1 99.5 99.7 $60,000 - $74,999 99.4 99.5 99.4 99.5 99.5 99.7 98.3 98.5 $75,000 + 99.1 99.4 99.2 99.4 98.6 99.3 98.7 98.7 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 27 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1995 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.2 95.2 96.2 86.2 89.2 85.9 87.8 UNDER $5,000 75.3 80.5 79.1 83.0 67.4 75.1 68.8 72.2 $5,000 - $7,499 82.8 86.3 84.8 87.7 77.9 83.0 72.6 75.5 $7,500 - $9,999 87.3 89.6 89.5 91.5 79.0 83.3 78.0 80.4 $10,000 - $12,499 89.8 92.1 91.2 93.2 83.5 87.6 84.2 86.4 $12,500 - $14,999 91.7 93.5 92.8 94.4 86.4 89.3 84.9 86.8 $15,000 - $19,999 93.1 95.0 94.1 95.6 88.5 92.4 84.9 87.6 $20,000 - $24,999 95.4 96.4 96.0 96.9 92.4 94.1 90.2 92.1 $25,000 - $29,999 96.6 97.6 97.0 97.9 93.7 95.6 92.2 94.3 $30,000 - $34,999 97.6 98.0 97.9 98.3 94.3 95.2 94.2 95.1 $35,000 - $39,999 98.3 98.7 98.5 98.8 96.9 97.5 97.3 98.4 $40,000 - $49,999 98.6 98.9 98.8 99.0 97.1 97.8 96.6 96.6 $50,000 - $59,999 98.8 99.1 99.0 99.3 97.7 98.2 95.7 97.0 $60,000 - $74,999 99.2 99.3 99.2 99.4 98.8 99.0 98.6 99.4 $75,000 + 99.0 99.2 99.0 99.2 99.1 99.5 99.0 99.0 1996 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.0 94.9 95.8 87.3 89.8 86.4 88.0 UNDER $5,000 75.6 80.3 78.0 81.7 70.1 76.9 68.0 71.4 $5,000 - $7,499 83.1 85.8 84.5 86.6 79.9 84.3 76.9 78.8 $7,500 - $9,999 87.2 89.8 88.6 90.7 81.9 86.7 79.7 82.3 $10,000 - $12,499 88.8 91.4 90.2 92.3 83.5 88.1 82.0 84.3 $12,500 - $14,999 91.7 93.5 92.8 94.4 86.1 89.5 85.1 87.0 $15,000 - $19,999 93.0 94.6 93.7 95.1 88.7 91.3 86.5 88.7 $20,000 - $24,999 94.5 95.6 95.1 96.0 91.3 92.6 86.5 88.6 $25,000 - $29,999 96.2 97.1 96.5 97.3 93.3 95.0 94.5 95.4 $30,000 - $34,999 97.5 98.1 97.7 98.3 96.4 97.4 95.7 96.3 $35,000 - $39,999 97.9 98.3 97.8 98.2 97.5 98.0 95.2 95.7 $40,000 - $49,999 98.5 98.9 98.7 99.0 96.7 97.0 96.1 97.5 $50,000 - $59,999 98.8 99.0 99.0 99.1 97.3 97.6 97.5 98.2 $60,000 - $74,999 98.8 99.1 99.0 99.3 97.3 97.3 97.9 99.4 $75,000 + 98.9 99.2 99.0 99.2 98.7 99.2 98.4 98.7 1997 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.0 95.0 95.9 86.9 89.5 86.7 88.6 UNDER $5,000 75.7 80.8 79.1 83.5 68.4 75.1 68.5 73.5 $5,000 - $7,499 82.8 85.9 84.5 87.1 78.1 82.4 74.6 77.0 $7,500 - $9,999 86.7 89.5 89.0 91.2 78.6 83.3 79.3 81.4 $10,000 - $12,499 89.9 91.9 90.9 92.7 85.3 88.1 82.4 86.0 $12,500 - $14,999 91.0 93.1 92.4 94.0 83.9 88.1 84.5 86.4 $15,000 - $19,999 93.1 94.6 94.1 95.3 88.8 91.8 86.7 88.4 $20,000 - $24,999 95.0 95.9 95.4 96.2 92.1 93.9 89.6 90.9 $25,000 - $29,999 95.8 96.8 96.2 97.1 92.6 94.7 91.8 93.7 $30,000 - $34,999 97.2 97.9 97.5 98.1 95.1 95.9 93.6 94.9 $35,000 - $39,999 97.4 97.9 97.9 98.1 94.8 96.2 94.9 96.4 $40,000 - $49,999 98.2 98.6 98.4 98.7 97.0 97.8 96.6 97.4 $50,000 - $59,999 98.4 98.8 98.5 98.9 96.9 97.3 97.7 98.6 $60,000 - $74,999 99.0 99.2 99.0 99.2 99.5 99.8 98.4 98.4 $75,000 + 99.0 99.2 99.1 99.3 98.5 98.8 98.1 98.3 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 28 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1998 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.1 95.2 95.1 96.0 87.9 89.7 88.4 90.0 UNDER $5,000 77.2 81.3 80.1 83.8 70.3 75.2 72.0 75.3 $5,000 - $7,499 83.0 85.9 84.9 87.6 77.6 81.0 77.0 80.6 $7,500 - $9,999 87.4 89.3 88.8 90.6 83.3 85.0 79.7 81.6 $10,000 - $12,499 89.8 91.7 90.7 92.5 85.7 88.5 84.6 86.2 $12,500 - $14,999 91.0 92.8 92.0 93.7 85.8 88.2 85.3 86.4 $15,000 - $19,999 93.0 94.2 94.0 95.2 88.3 89.6 89.6 91.0 $20,000 - $24,999 93.9 95.2 94.6 95.8 90.2 92.2 88.4 90.2 $25,000 - $29,999 95.6 96.6 95.8 96.7 94.0 95.9 91.3 93.5 $30,000 - $34,999 97.1 97.8 97.5 98.2 94.3 95.6 95.3 96.7 $35,000 - $39,999 97.5 98.0 97.8 98.3 95.4 96.4 95.9 96.8 $40,000 - $49,999 98.1 98.5 98.3 98.7 96.2 96.7 96.9 97.4 $50,000 - $59,999 98.1 98.5 98.2 98.6 96.8 97.5 95.7 96.7 $60,000 - $74,999 98.6 98.8 98.8 99.0 96.9 97.4 97.5 97.5 $75,000 + 99.0 99.2 99.0 99.2 99.1 99.1 98.6 98.8 1999 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.2 95.0 95.2 95.9 87.7 89.6 89.9 90.9 UNDER $5,000 76.0 79.8 79.0 82.6 69.5 74.2 72.8 75.6 $5,000 - $7,499 82.9 85.3 84.6 87.0 78.3 81.2 79.8 83.3 $7,500 - $9,999 88.3 90.3 89.9 91.5 81.8 85.5 85.0 85.8 $10,000 - $12,499 88.9 90.5 90.4 91.8 82.1 84.9 85.2 86.5 $12,500 - $14,999 90.3 92.0 91.0 92.4 87.1 89.8 84.8 85.9 $15,000 - $19,999 92.5 94.0 93.5 94.7 87.0 90.2 88.3 89.5 $20,000 - $24,999 94.1 95.1 94.8 95.7 90.5 92.1 91.5 92.8 $25,000 - $29,999 95.3 96.2 95.9 96.6 91.8 93.5 95.2 95.7 $30,000 - $34,999 96.7 97.4 97.2 97.7 93.9 95.5 94.7 95.2 $35,000 - $39,999 97.3 97.8 97.8 98.2 94.3 95.1 96.1 96.6 $40,000 - $49,999 98.2 98.5 98.3 98.6 97.2 97.6 95.8 96.5 $50,000 - $59,999 98.2 98.5 98.3 98.7 97.2 97.4 98.1 98.5 $60,000 - $74,999 98.6 98.8 98.6 98.9 97.6 98.4 98.2 98.4 $75,000 + 98.8 99.0 98.9 99.1 97.8 98.2 97.7 98.2 2000 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.4 95.2 95.2 95.9 89.3 90.7 90.5 91.6 UNDER $5,000 80.0 83.1 83.1 86.2 73.0 76.3 79.0 82.0 $5,000 - $7,499 84.2 86.3 85.0 87.0 81.7 84.6 82.4 84.7 $7,500 - $9,999 87.0 89.3 88.4 90.3 82.2 85.7 85.8 87.0 $10,000 - $12,499 90.0 91.5 90.9 92.5 85.9 87.5 84.0 86.0 $12,500 - $14,999 91.5 92.9 92.7 94.0 86.5 87.9 88.0 89.9 $15,000 - $19,999 91.7 93.2 92.6 94.1 86.9 89.1 87.2 88.5 $20,000 - $24,999 93.7 94.7 94.3 95.2 90.5 92.2 90.8 91.3 $25,000 - $29,999 95.5 96.3 96.0 96.8 92.5 93.8 93.0 94.3 $30,000 - $34,999 96.4 97.0 96.6 97.2 95.4 96.1 93.7 94.3 $35,000 - $39,999 97.2 97.7 97.5 98.0 95.1 95.7 95.4 95.8 $40,000 - $49,999 97.7 98.2 97.9 98.4 96.0 96.4 96.7 97.8 $50,000 - $59,999 98.0 98.3 98.1 98.4 97.0 97.5 97.6 97.8 $60,000 - $74,999 98.4 98.7 98.5 98.8 97.0 97.5 95.9 96.5 $75,000 + 98.4 98.7 98.5 98.7 97.5 97.7 96.9 97.4 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 29 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 2001 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.9 95.7 95.6 96.4 90.0 91.4 91.3 92.4 UNDER $5,000 79.9 83.3 83.1 85.7 72.7 78.0 78.8 82.3 $5,000 - $7,499 84.0 86.3 85.4 87.5 80.6 83.8 84.4 85.7 $7,500 - $9,999 88.8 90.6 90.0 91.6 84.6 87.3 86.5 88.6 $10,000 - $12,499 90.2 92.0 91.1 92.8 86.0 88.4 85.8 87.5 $12,500 - $14,999 91.4 92.6 92.2 93.3 86.5 88.3 88.4 88.8 $15,000 - $19,999 92.9 94.4 93.5 94.9 90.0 92.0 88.8 90.6 $20,000 - $24,999 94.3 95.4 94.9 96.0 90.5 92.1 91.3 93.1 $25,000 - $29,999 96.0 96.9 96.2 97.0 94.9 96.0 92.6 93.5 $30,000 - $34,999 96.7 97.3 97.0 97.5 95.3 96.0 94.9 95.2 $35,000 - $39,999 97.2 97.8 97.3 97.9 96.1 96.8 96.0 96.7 $40,000 - $49,999 97.8 98.3 97.9 98.4 97.0 97.3 96.0 96.1 $50,000 - $59,999 98.4 98.8 98.5 98.9 97.3 97.5 97.3 98.4 $60,000 - $74,999 98.6 98.9 98.7 99.0 97.9 98.3 96.5 97.5 $75,000 + 98.8 99.1 98.8 99.1 98.3 98.6 98.2 98.7 2002 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.3 96.2 96.2 96.9 90.1 91.6 91.7 92.9 UNDER $5,000 79.9 83.1 82.5 85.2 73.8 78.1 77.8 80.7 $5,000 - $7,499 83.3 86.1 85.9 88.6 76.4 79.7 84.5 85.7 $7,500 - $9,999 89.7 91.6 91.1 92.7 85.3 87.7 88.4 90.6 $10,000 - $12,499 90.6 92.3 91.9 93.3 85.3 87.9 88.1 89.7 $12,500 - $14,999 92.7 93.9 93.4 94.6 89.9 91.0 88.6 90.2 $15,000 - $19,999 93.2 94.5 93.8 94.8 91.1 93.5 87.7 89.1 $20,000 - $24,999 94.3 95.4 95.1 96.2 90.6 92.1 92.3 93.7 $25,000 - $29,999 95.6 96.6 96.0 97.0 93.3 94.4 93.4 95.3 $30,000 - $34,999 96.9 97.5 97.4 97.9 94.7 95.5 95.2 96.0 $35,000 - $39,999 97.9 98.4 98.0 98.6 97.1 97.5 97.4 97.9 $40,000 - $49,999 98.2 98.6 98.4 98.8 96.6 97.1 96.7 97.5 $50,000 - $59,999 98.7 99.2 98.9 99.2 98.0 98.2 97.9 98.3 $60,000 - $74,999 99.1 99.4 99.2 99.5 98.3 98.8 98.3 98.9 $75,000 + 99.3 99.5 99.3 99.6 98.6 98.7 99.2 99.2 2003 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.1 96.0 95.9 96.6 90.4 91.6 91.4 92.5 UNDER $5,000 80.1 83.8 82.3 85.9 74.8 79.0 75.0 78.9 $5,000 - $7,499 85.3 87.2 85.9 87.6 82.6 85.0 80.2 82.1 $7,500 - $9,999 89.6 91.4 90.5 91.9 86.2 89.2 86.7 88.0 $10,000 - $12,499 90.3 91.9 91.0 92.7 86.6 88.4 86.3 87.6 $12,500 - $14,999 91.7 93.0 92.5 93.8 87.4 88.9 88.1 89.6 $15,000 - $19,999 92.9 94.3 93.7 95.0 88.8 90.3 89.5 91.1 $20,000 - $24,999 94.1 94.9 94.6 95.4 90.9 91.9 91.8 93.4 $25,000 - $29,999 95.6 96.6 95.9 96.8 94.4 95.4 93.5 94.0 $30,000 - $34,999 96.5 97.2 96.7 97.6 93.9 94.4 95.0 95.6 $35,000 - $39,999 97.7 98.4 97.8 98.5 97.2 97.5 97.1 97.6 $40,000 - $49,999 97.9 98.4 98.1 98.6 96.6 97.4 96.2 97.1 $50,000 - $59,999 98.5 99.0 98.6 99.1 97.8 98.2 96.8 97.9 $60,000 - $74,999 98.7 99.1 98.8 99.2 97.9 98.2 98.3 98.9 $75,000 + 99.0 99.3 99.1 99.5 97.6 97.8 99.2 99.5 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 30 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 2004 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 94.8 94.6 95.5 88.6 90.0 90.3 91.6 UNDER $5,000 79.1 82.6 82.1 85.4 72.0 75.7 76.9 79.7 $5,000 - $7,499 84.3 86.3 84.4 86.3 84.0 86.3 80.8 82.3 $7,500 - $9,999 87.8 89.7 88.5 90.4 84.1 86.4 84.5 86.9 $10,000 - $12,499 89.7 91.2 90.8 92.1 85.6 87.2 85.7 87.4 $12,500 - $14,999 91.5 93.3 92.1 93.8 89.6 91.6 87.2 89.9 $15,000 - $19,999 91.5 93.1 92.7 94.1 86.9 89.1 88.5 90.1 $20,000 - $24,999 93.7 94.9 94.2 95.3 90.6 92.0 90.0 91.6 $25,000 - $29,999 94.5 95.9 95.0 96.1 91.9 94.2 94.1 95.6 $30,000 - $34,999 95.1 96.1 95.8 96.6 92.2 93.5 92.4 93.3 $35,000 - $39,999 95.8 96.6 96.2 96.9 93.4 94.6 95.3 96.2 $40,000 - $49,999 96.7 97.5 96.9 97.7 95.3 96.2 94.2 95.3 $50,000 - $59,999 97.3 97.8 97.5 98.0 96.7 96.9 95.7 96.2 $60,000 - $74,999 97.6 98.2 97.8 98.3 96.6 97.3 97.3 98.2 $75,000 + 98.1 98.6 98.2 98.7 98.1 98.1 97.9 98.5 2005 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.1 94.3 93.9 95.0 88.0 89.8 88.8 90.4 UNDER $5,000 79.9 83.8 82.1 85.9 75.6 79.8 73.5 77.1 $5,000 - $7,499 82.8 85.8 83.9 86.7 79.8 83.1 82.2 84.2 $7,500 - $9,999 86.7 89.1 87.9 90.0 83.4 86.3 83.4 84.9 $10,000 - $12,499 89.2 90.8 90.4 91.8 85.1 86.9 84.7 85.8 $12,500 - $14,999 90.4 92.0 91.4 92.9 86.9 89.3 85.8 87.6 $15,000 - $19,999 91.3 93.0 92.1 93.8 87.8 89.1 85.6 87.8 $20,000 - $24,999 92.8 94.0 93.4 94.5 90.9 92.7 89.1 90.6 $25,000 - $29,999 93.8 95.3 94.2 95.5 91.8 94.1 91.2 92.6 $30,000 - $34,999 94.5 95.7 95.1 96.2 90.7 92.9 91.1 92.4 $35,000 - $39,999 95.1 96.2 95.2 96.3 95.1 96.0 93.0 94.8 $40,000 - $49,999 96.0 96.8 96.3 97.2 93.5 94.5 93.3 95.0 $50,000 - $59,999 96.8 97.4 97.0 97.6 95.9 96.5 93.2 94.1 $60,000 - $74,999 97.5 98.1 97.7 98.3 96.7 97.7 96.7 97.8 $75,000 - $99,999 97.6 98.2 97.7 98.3 96.3 96.5 96.7 98.0 $100,000 - $149,999 98.0 98.5 98.1 98.7 97.7 98.1 97.3 68.0 $150,000 + 97.9 98.5 98.1 98.7 95.9 95.9 97.6 66.7 2006 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.6 94.7 94.4 95.4 88.7 90.3 89.1 90.7 UNDER $5,000 81.2 84.8 83.8 87.2 76.9 80.7 80.0 82.5 $5,000 - $7,499 83.5 86.3 85.6 88.1 79.4 82.8 78.5 81.1 $7,500 - $9,999 88.4 90.3 89.1 90.9 86.0 87.9 86.0 87.8 $10,000 - $12,499 89.4 91.3 90.9 92.6 84.6 87.3 82.5 85.5 $12,500 - $14,999 90.5 92.1 91.8 93.2 84.4 86.7 85.7 87.2 $15,000 - $19,999 91.4 93.0 92.5 93.9 87.9 89.3 85.9 88.4 $20,000 - $24,999 93.4 94.6 94.0 95.1 90.4 92.1 89.3 91.0 $25,000 - $29,999 93.6 95.2 94.0 95.5 91.9 93.5 89.6 91.5 $30,000 - $34,999 95.0 95.9 95.4 96.2 93.0 94.2 91.6 92.4 $35,000 - $39,999 95.4 96.4 95.9 96.9 93.2 94.0 91.3 93.2 $40,000 - $49,999 96.0 97.0 96.2 97.1 94.8 95.6 94.3 95.7 $50,000 - $59,999 96.8 97.7 96.9 97.9 96.3 97.2 94.4 95.5 $60,000 - $74,999 97.6 98.4 97.8 98.5 96.8 97.7 96.7 98.1 $75,000 - $99,999 97.6 98.2 97.7 98.3 96.0 97.0 96.1 96.7 $100,000 - $149,999 98.2 98.8 98.2 98.8 98.0 98.5 98.8 99.7 $150,000 + 98.0 98.6 98.0 98.6 96.3 96.4 96.9 97.0 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 31 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail MARCH 2007 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.6 95.3 95.4 96.0 89.2 90.6 91.0 92.3 UNDER $5,000 84.4 87.1 87.1 89.5 76.6 80.6 79.4 82.7 $5,000 - $7,499 85.6 87.9 86.4 87.7 82.8 86.5 77.1 79.5 $7,500 - $9,999 90.2 91.0 91.8 92.3 85.9 87.0 87.8 89.0 $10,000 - $12,499 88.6 89.8 89.9 91.4 84.8 85.8 82.9 86.4 $12,500 - $14,999 91.0 91.9 91.8 92.5 87.9 90.0 89.3 89.5 $15,000 - $19,999 92.3 93.3 92.6 93.6 91.2 92.3 87.0 89.1 $20,000 - $24,999 93.5 94.3 94.2 95.0 88.9 89.4 88.2 90.3 $25,000 - $29,999 95.2 96.0 95.6 96.4 93.3 94.1 93.4 93.7 $30,000 - $34,999 95.8 96.8 95.8 96.7 95.6 97.0 93.1 93.8 $35,000 - $39,999 95.8 96.5 96.2 96.7 92.9 94.7 92.3 93.4 $40,000 - $49,999 97.0 97.5 97.4 97.7 94.1 95.7 94.3 95.4 $50,000 - $59,999 97.5 98.2 97.8 98.5 94.3 95.9 96.6 97.7 $60,000 - $74,999 97.9 98.2 98.0 98.4 95.9 96.3 97.9 98.7 $75,000 - $99,999 98.6 99.1 98.6 99.1 98.3 98.6 98.0 99.2 $100,000 - $149,999 98.6 99.0 98.8 99.1 95.7 97.3 97.5 97.5 $150,000 + 98.9 99.2 99.1 99.3 98.4 98.4 100.0 100.0 JULY 2007 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.0 95.8 95.7 96.5 90.5 91.7 91.0 92.5 UNDER $5,000 82.2 85.2 86.5 89.2 73.1 77.2 84.7 86.2 $5,000 - $7,499 85.7 87.4 86.6 89.0 83.5 84.1 79.2 80.7 $7,500 - $9,999 87.9 89.8 89.0 90.3 84.6 88.8 87.0 90.5 $10,000 - $12,499 90.9 92.3 91.7 92.6 87.9 90.5 83.9 86.0 $12,500 - $14,999 93.1 93.9 93.7 94.6 90.7 91.3 91.8 93.0 $15,000 - $19,999 93.2 94.2 93.1 94.0 94.1 95.3 85.4 87.4 $20,000 - $24,999 95.3 96.2 95.6 96.7 94.1 94.1 92.2 94.0 $25,000 - $29,999 95.6 96.3 95.9 96.7 94.0 94.9 92.4 93.3 $30,000 - $34,999 95.6 96.9 95.9 97.3 94.9 95.6 90.3 93.0 $35,000 - $39,999 95.9 96.7 96.3 97.0 92.9 94.0 91.6 93.2 $40,000 - $49,999 97.1 97.9 97.5 98.1 95.9 97.1 95.9 97.1 $50,000 - $59,999 97.8 98.4 97.9 98.5 96.8 98.4 96.7 97.6 $60,000 - $74,999 98.0 98.5 98.0 98.6 96.9 96.9 96.4 98.1 $75,000 - $99,999 98.6 99.0 98.8 99.1 96.6 97.0 98.1 98.2 $100,000 - $149,999 99.0 99.2 99.2 99.4 97.6 97.6 97.8 97.8 $150,000 + 99.0 99.2 99.1 99.4 96.5 96.5 100.0 100.0 NOVEMBER 2007 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.9 95.8 95.7 96.5 89.9 91.3 90.6 91.8 UNDER $5,000 84.4 87.5 85.9 89.1 80.8 84.5 76.3 80.8 $5,000 - $7,499 85.4 86.8 86.3 88.1 81.2 81.9 78.3 80.9 $7,500 - $9,999 88.9 90.5 90.6 92.1 83.8 85.9 82.2 84.8 $10,000 - $12,499 89.1 91.1 90.6 92.2 84.6 87.4 82.3 83.3 $12,500 - $14,999 92.2 93.1 92.6 93.6 88.5 89.5 84.3 86.0 $15,000 - $19,999 92.1 93.4 93.0 94.1 90.4 91.8 82.7 86.0 $20,000 - $24,999 93.7 94.8 94.1 95.1 90.3 92.2 89.4 91.1 $25,000 - $29,999 94.6 95.4 94.4 95.1 94.7 95.9 90.9 91.3 $30,000 - $34,999 96.3 97.2 96.9 97.5 92.4 95.2 95.4 95.7 $35,000 - $39,999 96.5 97.0 96.9 97.4 92.5 93.5 95.2 95.7 $40,000 - $49,999 97.5 98.3 97.8 98.5 95.4 96.7 94.5 95.3 $50,000 - $59,999 97.6 98.5 97.7 98.6 96.6 98.0 97.2 97.6 $60,000 - $74,999 98.6 98.9 98.7 99.0 97.5 97.8 95.5 96.6 $75,000 - $99,999 98.8 99.2 99.0 99.4 98.0 99.4 98.3 98.7 $100,000 - $149,999 98.7 99.3 99.0 99.5 96.7 97.4 98.3 98.3 $150,000 + 99.0 99.3 99.0 99.3 98.3 98.3 99.3 99.3 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 32 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 2007 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.8 95.6 95.6 96.3 89.9 91.2 90.9 92.2 UNDER $5,000 83.6 86.6 86.5 89.2 76.8 80.8 80.1 83.2 $5,000 - $7,499 85.5 87.4 86.4 88.3 82.5 84.1 78.2 80.4 $7,500 - $9,999 89.0 90.5 90.5 91.6 84.8 87.2 85.6 88.1 $10,000 - $12,499 89.5 91.1 90.7 92.0 85.8 87.9 83.0 85.2 $12,500 - $14,999 92.1 92.9 92.7 93.6 89.0 90.3 88.5 89.5 $15,000 - $19,999 92.5 93.6 92.9 93.9 91.9 93.1 85.0 87.5 $20,000 - $24,999 94.1 95.1 94.6 95.6 91.1 91.9 89.9 91.8 $25,000 - $29,999 95.1 95.9 95.3 96.1 94.0 95.0 92.2 92.8 $30,000 - $34,999 95.9 97.0 96.2 97.1 94.3 95.9 92.9 94.2 $35,000 - $39,999 96.0 96.7 96.5 97.0 92.7 94.1 93.0 94.1 $40,000 - $49,999 97.2 97.9 97.6 98.1 95.1 96.5 94.9 95.9 $50,000 - $59,999 97.6 98.4 97.8 98.5 95.9 97.4 96.8 97.6 $60,000 - $74,999 98.1 98.6 98.3 98.7 96.7 97.0 96.6 97.8 $75,000 - $99,999 98.7 99.1 98.8 99.2 97.7 98.3 98.1 98.7 $100,000 - $149,999 98.8 99.2 99.0 99.3 96.6 97.5 97.9 97.9 $150,000 + 99.0 99.2 99.0 99.3 97.7 97.7 99.8 99.8 MARCH 2008 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.2 95.9 95.8 96.4 91.3 92.3 91.6 92.5 UNDER $5,000 83.0 85.5 84.9 87.5 80.7 82.3 74.7 78.9 $5,000 - $7,499 86.6 88.5 87.6 89.3 83.5 86.2 83.8 86.6 $7,500 - $9,999 89.0 90.1 89.6 90.6 86.9 87.9 86.3 88.1 $10,000 - $12,499 90.8 91.9 90.7 91.8 89.0 90.8 85.7 87.8 $12,500 - $14,999 93.5 94.3 93.6 94.6 93.5 93.5 88.8 90.7 $15,000 - $19,999 94.2 94.5 94.9 95.1 91.7 92.1 91.3 91.3 $20,000 - $24,999 94.6 95.3 95.1 95.7 92.5 93.5 92.7 92.7 $25,000 - $29,999 95.0 96.2 95.4 96.4 93.1 95.5 92.4 93.2 $30,000 - $34,999 96.6 97.1 96.8 97.3 95.0 95.0 94.2 95.1 $35,000 - $39,999 96.1 97.0 96.3 97.0 93.4 96.4 91.9 93.0 $40,000 - $49,999 96.9 97.5 97.2 97.7 94.4 95.3 95.0 95.9 $50,000 - $59,999 97.7 98.3 97.9 98.4 96.5 97.2 96.1 97.3 $60,000 - $74,999 98.3 98.8 98.6 99.0 94.8 95.9 97.9 98.4 $75,000 - $99,999 98.8 99.0 99.0 99.3 97.2 97.2 97.5 98.1 $100,000 - $149,999 98.8 99.3 98.8 99.3 98.4 98.4 99.4 99.7 $150,000 + 98.9 99.4 98.8 99.3 99.9 100.0 99.9 99.9 JULY 2008 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.4 96.1 96.1 96.7 91.0 92.0 92.0 93.1 UNDER $5,000 84.1 86.8 85.4 88.0 78.8 82.4 76.4 80.6 $5,000 - $7,499 88.0 90.2 88.4 91.0 87.1 88.3 86.5 89.6 $7,500 - $9,999 90.3 92.4 90.6 91.9 91.0 93.1 89.6 91.1 $10,000 - $12,499 92.3 93.5 93.1 94.1 90.1 91.1 86.9 89.0 $12,500 - $14,999 91.8 93.2 92.4 93.5 89.4 90.6 82.5 85.9 $15,000 - $19,999 93.9 94.4 95.0 95.5 88.3 89.0 92.3 92.7 $20,000 - $24,999 95.9 96.4 96.4 97.1 92.8 92.8 94.0 94.7 $25,000 - $29,999 94.8 95.8 94.8 96.0 94.8 95.4 89.4 91.2 $30,000 - $34,999 95.2 96.2 95.9 96.7 91.2 92.3 93.5 95.0 $35,000 - $39,999 97.4 97.8 97.6 98.1 95.7 96.1 96.9 96.9 $40,000 - $49,999 97.4 98.0 97.5 98.0 97.2 97.9 95.6 96.4 $50,000 - $59,999 98.5 98.9 98.7 99.1 96.4 96.9 95.1 96.5 $60,000 - $74,999 98.2 98.5 98.5 98.8 94.3 94.7 98.0 98.0 $75,000 - $99,999 98.9 99.1 99.2 99.4 97.3 98.2 99.7 99.7 $100,000 - $149,999 98.8 99.3 98.9 99.4 96.0 97.2 98.6 99.2 $150,000 + 98.8 99.1 98.9 99.2 98.5 98.5 97.8 99.1 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 33 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail NOVEMBER 2008 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.0 95.7 95.8 96.4 90.6 91.6 91.4 92.4 UNDER $5,000 82.8 85.6 87.0 89.5 76.4 79.6 79.1 83.3 $5,000 - $7,499 86.8 88.0 88.7 90.3 82.4 83.1 83.5 86.6 $7,500 - $9,999 88.9 89.9 89.7 90.7 85.0 86.1 82.1 83.0 $10,000 - $12,499 90.8 92.2 91.4 92.9 88.6 89.3 83.8 86.4 $12,500 - $14,999 92.7 93.6 93.4 94.1 90.7 92.5 90.7 90.7 $15,000 - $19,999 92.9 94.0 93.5 94.7 89.6 90.9 90.7 91.8 $20,000 - $24,999 93.9 94.5 94.5 94.8 89.5 91.9 89.5 90.1 $25,000 - $29,999 95.1 95.9 95.5 96.4 92.0 92.5 90.4 91.7 $30,000 - $34,999 95.5 96.0 95.9 96.5 93.3 93.7 94.1 94.4 $35,000 - $39,999 96.8 97.5 97.2 97.9 94.2 94.7 95.0 95.6 $40,000 - $49,999 97.3 98.1 97.5 98.3 97.1 98.1 97.3 97.8 $50,000 - $59,999 97.6 98.3 97.9 98.6 95.9 96.8 94.4 95.9 $60,000 - $74,999 98.3 98.7 98.4 98.8 98.4 98.4 96.7 97.9 $75,000 - $99,999 98.2 98.6 98.5 98.9 95.5 96.0 98.1 99.0 $100,000 - $149,999 99.0 99.3 99.0 99.2 99.6 100.0 98.9 99.5 $150,000 + 99.0 99.3 99.0 99.3 97.6 97.6 98.9 99.0 2008 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.2 95.9 95.9 96.5 91.0 91.9 91.7 92.7 UNDER $5,000 83.3 86.0 85.7 88.3 78.6 81.5 76.7 80.9 $5,000 - $7,499 87.1 88.9 88.2 90.2 84.4 85.9 84.6 87.6 $7,500 - $9,999 89.4 90.8 90.0 91.1 87.6 89.0 86.0 87.4 $10,000 - $12,499 91.3 92.5 91.7 92.9 89.2 90.4 85.5 87.8 $12,500 - $14,999 92.7 93.7 93.1 94.1 91.2 92.2 87.3 89.1 $15,000 - $19,999 93.6 94.3 94.5 95.1 89.8 90.7 91.4 91.9 $20,000 - $24,999 94.8 95.4 95.3 95.9 91.6 92.7 92.1 92.5 $25,000 - $29,999 95.0 96.0 95.3 96.2 93.3 94.4 90.7 92.0 $30,000 - $34,999 95.8 96.4 96.2 96.8 93.2 93.7 93.9 94.8 $35,000 - $39,999 96.7 97.5 97.1 97.7 94.4 95.7 94.6 95.1 $40,000 - $49,999 97.2 97.9 97.4 98.0 96.2 97.1 96.0 96.7 $50,000 - $59,999 97.9 98.5 98.2 98.7 96.3 97.0 95.2 96.6 $60,000 - $74,999 98.2 98.6 98.5 98.9 95.9 96.4 97.6 98.1 $75,000 - $99,999 98.6 98.9 98.9 99.2 96.7 97.1 98.4 98.9 $100,000 - $149,999 98.8 99.3 98.9 99.3 98.0 98.5 99.0 99.5 $150,000 + 98.9 99.3 98.9 99.3 98.6 98.7 98.9 99.3 MARCH 2009 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.6 96.3 96.2 96.8 92.4 93.5 92.3 93.2 UNDER $5,000 86.1 88.4 87.9 89.6 81.0 84.5 81.9 83.2 $5,000 - $7,499 90.4 91.5 90.1 91.0 90.3 91.8 88.3 88.3 $7,500 - $9,999 91.1 92.4 92.4 93.9 87.6 88.2 89.6 91.5 $10,000 - $12,499 91.2 92.7 91.8 92.9 91.2 92.0 89.3 91.6 $12,500 - $14,999 92.7 93.9 93.4 94.5 87.9 90.2 88.5 90.1 $15,000 - $19,999 94.9 95.8 95.4 96.3 93.2 93.8 92.0 93.6 $20,000 - $24,999 95.0 95.7 95.2 95.7 94.4 95.7 89.5 89.9 $25,000 - $29,999 95.9 96.4 96.4 97.0 94.0 94.9 94.5 95.2 $30,000 - $34,999 96.3 97.2 96.6 97.2 96.1 97.2 92.4 93.4 $35,000 - $39,999 97.1 97.4 96.9 97.2 97.9 98.2 94.8 95.4 $40,000 - $49,999 98.1 98.6 98.3 98.6 96.7 98.8 97.5 97.6 $50,000 - $59,999 97.9 98.4 98.1 98.6 96.3 97.0 96.2 97.0 $60,000 - $74,999 98.3 98.6 98.4 98.7 98.3 98.3 97.7 98.1 $75,000 - $99,999 98.4 99.1 98.5 99.1 98.0 99.2 98.7 99.6 $100,000 - $149,999 99.0 99.4 99.1 99.4 97.8 98.1 99.4 100.0 $150,000 + 99.6 99.7 99.6 99.8 97.3 98.3 98.7 98.7 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 34 Table 4 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Income Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail JULY 2009 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.7 96.3 96.4 96.9 92.2 93.2 92.6 93.4 UNDER $5,000 86.2 88.0 87.8 89.3 83.9 86.5 82.6 84.1 $5,000 - $7,499 85.9 87.8 87.3 88.7 84.9 87.0 82.9 84.0 $7,500 - $9,999 90.6 92.3 90.3 92.3 92.3 93.2 86.6 87.8 $10,000 - $12,499 91.8 92.6 92.3 93.0 90.7 91.5 89.1 90.0 $12,500 - $14,999 93.3 94.5 94.5 95.2 87.8 90.3 92.8 94.0 $15,000 - $19,999 94.7 95.3 96.1 96.6 88.1 89.1 92.7 94.7 $20,000 - $24,999 96.0 96.6 96.0 96.6 96.2 97.4 92.0 93.1 $25,000 - $29,999 96.3 96.7 96.3 96.7 96.0 96.4 91.9 92.6 $30,000 - $34,999 96.5 97.0 96.7 97.0 95.9 96.8 93.5 94.2 $35,000 - $39,999 97.4 98.1 97.7 98.4 95.3 96.0 96.5 97.4 $40,000 - $49,999 97.4 98.0 97.3 98.0 96.8 97.2 94.7 96.2 $50,000 - $59,999 98.5 98.8 98.9 99.1 96.7 97.8 97.5 97.7 $60,000 - $74,999 98.6 98.8 98.7 98.8 97.6 98.0 98.3 98.3 $75,000 - $99,999 98.6 99.1 98.8 99.2 99.5 99.5 97.2 97.7 $100,000 - $149,999 99.1 99.4 99.3 99.5 97.5 98.1 99.1 99.1 $150,000 + 99.2 99.4 99.2 99.4 99.2 100.0 96.0 96.1 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 35 Table 5 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Household Size Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail NOVEMBER 1983 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.4 93.7 93.1 95.0 78.8 83.9 80.7 84.6 1 PERSON 87.5 91.3 90.2 93.7 71.2 77.1 73.8 82.0 2 - 3 93.3 95.0 94.5 95.9 82.5 87.8 80.7 84.3 4 - 5 92.4 94.2 93.6 95.0 83.1 87.3 83.4 86.2 6 + 86.6 88.9 90.5 92.2 74.5 78.5 81.0 84.0 1984 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.6 93.7 93.2 94.9 79.8 84.5 80.9 84.3 1 PERSON 88.3 91.8 90.3 93.4 74.9 80.7 72.9 79.4 2 - 3 93.2 94.9 94.5 95.9 82.3 86.8 82.0 85.2 4 - 5 92.5 94.0 93.9 95.1 81.8 85.7 83.9 86.2 6 + 86.9 88.8 89.8 91.1 76.3 80.1 79.2 81.8 1985 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.8 93.9 93.3 95.0 81.1 85.2 81.3 84.4 1 PERSON 87.6 91.2 89.9 93.1 73.6 79.8 71.9 78.5 2 - 3 93.5 95.0 94.5 95.8 84.9 87.9 83.6 86.0 4 - 5 94.2 95.3 95.2 96.1 87.6 90.4 85.6 87.0 6 + 90.3 91.8 92.8 93.6 81.3 84.9 85.6 86.1 1986 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.3 94.1 93.7 95.2 81.6 85.9 81.4 84.1 1 PERSON 88.1 91.4 90.4 93.2 75.4 81.0 73.9 79.3 2 - 3 94.0 95.3 95.0 96.1 85.3 88.9 83.1 85.4 4 - 5 94.4 95.3 95.4 96.1 87.9 90.4 85.5 86.7 6 + 90.1 91.5 92.9 93.5 77.8 82.8 83.3 84.1 1987 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.4 94.2 93.8 95.4 81.8 85.9 83.0 85.4 1 PERSON 89.5 92.7 91.3 94.1 77.8 83.1 79.5 83.5 2 - 3 93.9 95.3 95.1 96.3 83.9 87.3 83.8 86.3 4 - 5 93.0 94.5 94.3 95.4 83.6 87.4 84.4 86.4 6 + 87.4 89.1 89.8 91.0 77.4 81.5 80.6 81.6 1988 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.7 94.5 94.1 95.6 83.0 86.8 82.1 85.1 1 PERSON 88.4 91.7 90.6 93.5 76.4 82.0 74.4 79.5 2 - 3 94.5 95.7 95.4 96.4 86.8 89.7 84.2 86.9 4 - 5 94.9 95.8 95.8 96.5 89.0 90.7 84.4 85.6 6 + 92.8 94.3 93.7 94.9 87.2 90.6 86.1 88.0 1989 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS HOUSEHO 93.1 94.9 94.5 95.9 83.2 87.1 83.0 86.0 1 PERSON 90.0 93.0 91.9 94.6 79.1 83.8 75.5 81.3 2 - 3 94.5 95.8 95.6 96.7 85.8 89.3 84.3 87.3 4 - 5 94.5 95.5 95.7 96.4 85.7 88.8 86.9 88.5 6 + 90.5 92.0 92.7 93.8 82.4 85.8 84.9 86.5 TOTAL WHITE BLACK RACE HISPANIC ORIGIN 36 Table 5 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Household Size Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1990 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.3 95.0 94.6 96.1 83.5 87.0 82.7 85.3 1 PERSON 90.9 93.7 92.5 95.1 80.2 84.8 76.2 80.5 2 - 3 94.7 96.0 95.8 96.9 86.0 89.0 84.2 86.7 4 - 5 93.6 95.0 95.0 96.1 84.0 87.1 84.6 86.8 6 + 87.8 89.6 90.2 91.5 78.5 81.8 80.6 81.8 1991 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.4 95.1 94.8 96.2 83.5 87.2 84.1 87.7 1 PERSON 91.1 93.9 92.8 95.3 79.8 84.9 77.7 83.3 2 - 3 94.9 96.2 96.0 97.1 85.8 88.9 86.2 88.4 4 - 5 93.7 95.0 95.1 96.1 84.3 87.4 85.1 87.5 6 + 88.8 90.4 90.5 91.8 81.0 83.9 82.0 83.3 1992 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 95.3 95.2 96.4 84.2 87.9 85.8 88.2 1 PERSON 91.8 94.1 93.4 95.4 81.4 86.1 81.3 85.4 2 - 3 95.1 96.3 96.2 97.2 86.1 89.2 86.3 88.9 4 - 5 93.9 95.2 95.3 96.2 84.4 88.0 87.4 89.2 6 + 89.9 91.4 91.7 92.7 82.8 85.4 85.7 86.6 1993 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.2 95.6 95.5 96.6 85.2 88.3 86.7 88.8 1 PERSON 92.3 94.6 93.9 95.8 82.5 86.8 81.9 86.4 2 - 3 95.3 96.4 96.3 97.2 87.1 89.6 87.3 89.1 4 - 5 94.5 95.6 95.9 96.7 85.7 88.3 88.4 90.2 6 + 89.9 91.5 92.0 93.0 81.2 84.9 85.7 87.1 1994 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 95.4 95.1 96.4 85.7 89.4 86.0 88.3 1 PERSON 91.8 94.2 93.4 95.4 82.2 86.7 82.1 85.9 2 - 3 95.0 96.2 96.0 97.0 87.9 91.1 86.6 88.9 4 - 5 94.2 95.6 95.5 96.6 86.6 89.9 88.1 89.5 6 + 89.4 91.7 91.3 93.1 82.3 86.9 83.4 85.9 1995 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.2 95.2 96.2 86.2 89.2 85.9 87.8 1 PERSON 91.6 93.4 93.2 94.6 82.1 85.9 80.6 82.7 2 - 3 95.2 96.1 96.2 96.9 88.2 90.7 86.4 88.2 4 - 5 94.5 95.6 95.6 96.5 87.9 90.5 88.0 89.8 6 + 90.4 92.3 92.0 93.6 84.4 87.8 85.2 87.1 1996 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.0 94.9 95.8 87.3 89.8 86.4 88.0 1 PERSON 91.5 93.1 92.7 94.2 83.8 86.5 80.5 83.4 2 - 3 95.2 96.1 96.1 96.7 88.9 91.5 87.5 88.9 4 - 5 94.5 95.5 95.3 96.1 88.9 91.3 87.8 89.5 6 + 89.8 91.1 91.1 92.1 84.6 87.5 85.4 86.5 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 37 Table 5 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Household Size Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1997 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.0 95.0 95.9 86.9 89.5 86.7 88.6 1 PERSON 91.4 93.1 92.8 94.3 83.3 86.3 80.1 83.7 2 - 3 95.0 96.0 95.9 96.6 89.2 91.4 87.6 89.4 4 - 5 94.8 95.8 95.9 96.6 87.9 90.5 89.1 90.3 6 + 90.3 91.7 91.9 92.9 83.0 86.2 85.7 87.6 1998 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.1 95.2 95.1 96.0 87.9 89.7 88.4 90.0 1 PERSON 91.4 92.9 92.9 94.3 82.8 85.2 81.9 84.5 2 - 3 95.4 96.2 96.1 96.8 90.5 92.1 89.5 91.0 4 - 5 94.9 95.7 95.7 96.4 89.5 90.9 89.9 91.3 6 + 91.8 92.9 92.7 93.6 87.9 89.9 88.4 89.4 1999 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.2 95.0 95.2 95.9 87.7 89.6 89.9 90.9 1 PERSON 90.9 92.4 92.6 93.8 82.1 84.9 82.7 84.4 2 - 3 95.4 96.1 96.1 96.7 90.3 91.8 90.1 91.3 4 - 5 95.6 96.2 96.4 96.9 90.6 92.0 92.5 93.4 6 + 92.2 93.4 93.4 94.4 85.9 88.5 90.3 90.8 2000 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.4 95.2 95.2 95.9 89.3 90.7 90.5 91.6 1 PERSON 91.5 92.8 92.8 94.0 84.4 86.5 84.0 86.2 2 - 3 95.4 96.1 96.0 96.6 91.0 92.1 90.5 91.6 4 - 5 95.6 96.2 96.2 96.7 91.7 92.9 92.6 93.4 6 + 93.4 94.4 93.8 94.7 91.5 92.7 92.1 93.0 2001 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.9 95.7 95.6 96.4 90.0 91.4 91.3 92.4 1 PERSON 92.0 93.4 93.1 94.4 85.8 87.8 84.9 87.1 2 - 3 95.8 96.4 96.4 96.9 91.7 93.0 91.2 92.2 4 - 5 96.3 96.9 96.8 97.5 92.2 93.2 93.8 94.7 6 + 94.2 95.0 94.8 95.4 91.3 92.6 92.2 92.7 2002 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.3 96.2 96.2 96.9 90.1 91.6 91.7 92.9 1 PERSON 92.7 94.0 94.0 95.2 85.7 87.5 86.7 88.2 2 - 3 96.2 96.9 96.9 97.5 91.8 93.1 91.5 92.7 4 - 5 96.6 97.3 97.1 97.7 92.8 94.1 93.8 94.8 6 + 94.9 95.7 95.4 96.1 92.1 93.4 93.1 94.1 2003 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.1 96.0 95.9 96.6 90.4 91.6 91.4 92.5 1 PERSON 92.1 93.4 93.3 94.6 85.3 86.8 83.6 85.8 2 - 3 96.2 96.9 96.8 97.4 92.2 93.3 92.0 93.1 4 - 5 96.7 97.2 97.1 97.6 93.8 94.7 94.0 94.6 6 + 94.4 95.1 95.0 95.6 91.5 92.8 92.5 93.4 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 38 Table 5 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Household Size Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 2004 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 94.8 94.6 95.5 88.6 90.0 90.3 91.6 1 PERSON 90.2 91.8 91.6 93.1 83.1 84.8 83.0 85.4 2 - 3 95.0 95.8 95.7 96.4 90.4 91.8 90.7 92.0 4 - 5 95.7 96.3 96.2 96.7 92.0 93.4 92.9 93.7 6 + 94.3 95.0 94.5 95.2 93.1 93.8 92.4 93.2 2005 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.1 94.3 93.9 95.0 88.0 89.8 88.8 90.4 1 PERSON 89.9 91.6 91.3 92.8 83.3 85.5 83.0 85.2 2 - 3 94.2 95.2 94.8 95.8 89.9 91.4 88.7 90.3 4 - 5 94.6 95.5 95.2 96.0 91.1 92.3 91.1 92.4 6 + 93.5 94.7 94.1 95.1 90.3 92.8 91.3 92.4 2006 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.6 94.7 94.4 95.4 88.7 90.3 89.1 90.7 1 PERSON 90.4 92.0 91.6 93.1 84.3 86.3 81.9 84.7 2 - 3 94.7 95.7 95.4 96.3 90.0 91.5 89.4 91.0 4 - 5 95.2 96.0 95.6 96.4 92.5 93.6 91.4 92.5 6 + 94.2 94.9 94.6 95.3 91.9 92.4 93.0 93.9 MARCH 2007 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.6 95.3 95.4 96.0 89.2 90.6 91.0 92.3 1 PERSON 92.0 93.0 93.1 94.1 85.8 87.2 86.2 88.1 2 - 3 95.4 96.0 96.1 96.6 90.0 91.4 90.8 92.3 4 - 5 96.1 96.8 96.6 97.2 92.8 93.8 93.0 93.9 6 + 94.8 95.8 95.5 96.4 92.0 93.3 93.2 94.6 JULY 2007 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.0 95.8 95.7 96.5 90.5 91.7 91.0 92.5 1 PERSON 92.2 93.6 93.4 94.8 86.2 87.9 85.9 88.0 2 - 3 95.8 96.4 96.4 97.0 92.0 93.1 90.6 91.8 4 - 5 96.7 97.2 97.2 97.7 93.3 94.2 93.8 95.5 6 + 94.9 95.5 94.9 95.6 92.6 93.6 92.5 93.6 NOVEMBER 2007 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.9 95.8 95.7 96.5 89.9 91.3 90.6 91.8 1 PERSON 91.8 93.2 93.2 94.4 84.8 86.3 82.7 84.8 2 - 3 95.9 96.6 96.5 97.1 92.3 93.7 90.9 91.9 4 - 5 96.7 97.3 97.2 97.7 93.0 94.4 93.6 94.6 6 + 95.0 95.5 95.4 95.9 91.1 92.0 93.9 94.5 2007 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.8 95.6 95.6 96.3 89.9 91.2 90.9 92.2 1 PERSON 92.0 93.3 93.2 94.4 85.6 87.1 84.9 87.0 2 - 3 95.7 96.3 96.4 96.9 91.4 92.7 90.8 92.0 4 - 5 96.5 97.1 97.0 97.5 93.0 94.1 93.5 94.7 6 + 94.9 95.6 95.3 96.0 91.9 92.9 93.2 94.2 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 39 Table 5 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Household Size Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail MARCH 2008 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.2 95.9 95.8 96.4 91.3 92.3 91.6 92.5 1 PERSON 92.7 93.7 93.5 94.5 88.1 89.1 86.7 88.0 2 - 3 96.1 96.6 96.6 97.1 93.0 93.8 91.4 92.1 4 - 5 96.5 97.1 97.1 97.6 92.7 94.0 94.1 95.0 6 + 95.4 95.9 96.0 96.5 92.6 93.1 93.2 94.2 JULY 2008 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.4 96.1 96.1 96.7 91.0 92.0 92.0 93.1 1 PERSON 93.0 94.1 94.2 95.2 87.0 88.2 87.4 89.3 2 - 3 96.1 96.7 96.6 97.1 92.7 93.5 91.8 93.0 4 - 5 96.8 97.3 97.2 97.6 93.7 94.6 94.0 95.0 6 + 95.4 95.9 96.3 96.6 91.3 93.0 94.0 94.5 NOVEMBER 2008 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.0 95.7 95.8 96.4 90.6 91.6 91.4 92.4 1 PERSON 92.7 93.7 93.7 94.7 87.3 88.4 85.1 86.4 2 - 3 95.8 96.4 96.4 97.0 91.9 92.7 91.6 92.9 4 - 5 96.5 97.0 97.1 97.5 93.2 94.0 94.0 94.4 6+ 94.8 95.4 95.0 95.6 93.1 93.6 92.8 94.1 2008 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.2 95.9 95.9 96.5 91.0 91.9 91.7 92.7 1 PERSON 92.8 93.8 93.8 94.8 87.5 88.6 86.4 87.9 2 - 3 96.0 96.6 96.6 97.1 92.6 93.3 91.6 92.7 4 - 5 96.6 97.1 97.1 97.5 93.2 94.2 94.0 94.8 6+ 95.2 95.7 95.8 96.2 92.3 93.3 93.4 94.3 MARCH 2009 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.6 96.3 96.2 96.8 92.4 93.5 92.3 93.2 1 PERSON 93.4 94.3 94.3 95.1 89.2 90.0 86.0 87.0 2 - 3 96.3 96.9 96.7 97.2 93.2 94.7 92.6 93.6 4 - 5 97.0 97.5 97.5 97.8 95.2 95.8 94.7 95.3 6 + 96.0 96.7 96.5 96.9 94.6 96.6 94.8 95.9 JULY 2009 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.7 96.3 96.4 96.9 92.2 93.2 92.6 93.4 1 PERSON 93.5 94.5 94.4 95.3 89.1 90.4 86.9 88.0 2 - 3 96.5 97.0 97.1 97.4 93.1 94.0 93.0 93.9 4 - 5 96.8 97.1 97.2 97.5 94.6 95.6 94.8 95.4 6 + 95.7 96.0 95.9 96.1 95.5 96.1 93.2 93.9 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 40 Table 6 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Householder's Age Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail NOVEMBER 1983 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.4 93.7 93.1 95.0 78.8 83.9 80.7 84.6 16-24 YRS OLD 76.6 84.1 80.2 86.2 49.9 68.2 64.9 71.9 25-54 YRS OLD 91.5 93.7 93.4 95.2 78.7 83.3 81.8 85.6 55-59 YRS OLD 95.0 96.1 96.1 97.0 86.3 88.5 89.3 89.3 60-64 YRS OLD 95.5 96.4 96.4 97.2 89.5 90.7 87.3 90.2 65-69 YRS OLD 95.5 96.2 96.5 97.0 87.2 89.0 90.7 90.7 70-99 YRS OLD 95.4 96.5 96.0 97.0 90.1 92.3 85.5 89.1 1984 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.6 93.7 93.2 94.9 79.8 84.5 80.9 84.3 16-24 YRS OLD 77.0 83.6 79.6 85.4 58.2 70.8 60.9 69.2 25-54 YRS OLD 91.7 93.7 93.4 95.1 79.6 84.1 83.1 85.7 55-59 YRS OLD 94.9 96.1 96.1 97.1 86.6 89.2 87.1 90.1 60-64 YRS OLD 94.9 96.0 96.0 97.0 86.6 88.8 87.1 89.1 65-69 YRS OLD 96.2 96.8 97.1 97.6 87.9 89.9 90.2 91.5 70-99 YRS OLD 95.3 96.5 96.0 97.1 88.2 90.9 84.4 87.6 1985 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 91.8 93.9 93.3 95.0 81.1 85.2 81.3 84.4 16-24 YRS OLD 77.9 83.8 80.3 85.8 60.0 69.4 64.8 70.8 25-54 YRS OLD 91.9 93.9 93.5 95.2 80.7 85.0 82.5 85.2 55-59 YRS OLD 94.9 96.0 95.8 96.8 87.8 90.0 87.4 89.2 60-64 YRS OLD 94.9 95.9 95.8 96.5 88.4 90.2 89.7 91.3 65-69 YRS OLD 95.9 96.8 96.8 97.5 88.2 90.9 89.1 91.7 70-99 YRS OLD 95.5 96.6 96.2 97.3 89.1 90.7 87.6 90.9 1986 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.3 94.1 93.7 95.2 81.6 85.9 81.4 84.1 16-24 YRS OLD 79.0 84.4 81.5 85.9 59.8 72.2 63.4 67.4 25-54 YRS OLD 92.2 94.0 93.8 95.3 81.1 85.2 82.9 85.5 55-59 YRS OLD 95.2 96.3 96.1 97.0 88.0 91.3 87.6 90.4 60-64 YRS OLD 95.4 96.2 96.2 97.0 88.9 90.4 89.1 90.3 65-69 YRS OLD 95.8 96.7 96.7 97.4 88.4 90.6 90.4 91.9 70-99 YRS OLD 96.0 97.0 96.5 97.4 91.3 92.9 87.5 89.8 1987 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.4 94.2 93.8 95.4 81.8 85.9 83.0 85.4 16-24 YRS OLD 78.9 84.4 81.4 86.1 61.8 72.3 65.2 70.8 25-54 YRS OLD 92.3 94.2 93.9 95.4 81.4 85.5 84.4 86.5 55-59 YRS OLD 95.2 96.2 96.4 97.2 87.0 89.6 89.1 90.7 60-64 YRS OLD 95.7 96.4 96.6 97.3 88.0 90.2 90.9 92.0 65-69 YRS OLD 95.9 96.7 97.0 97.5 87.1 89.3 88.8 88.8 70-99 YRS OLD 96.0 97.0 96.5 97.5 91.9 93.0 91.6 93.1 1988 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 92.7 94.5 94.1 95.6 83.0 86.8 82.1 85.1 16-24 YRS OLD 80.2 85.1 82.3 86.8 65.6 73.5 64.0 70.9 25-54 YRS OLD 92.6 94.4 94.1 95.6 82.2 86.3 83.5 86.1 55-59 YRS OLD 95.1 96.4 96.1 97.2 88.3 91.0 88.5 89.9 60-64 YRS OLD 95.3 96.2 96.3 97.0 87.6 89.9 87.3 90.0 65-69 YRS OLD 96.4 97.1 97.2 97.7 89.6 92.0 89.6 91.2 70-99 YRS OLD 96.2 97.5 96.7 97.9 92.3 93.9 92.2 94.3 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 41 Table 6 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Householder's Age Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1989 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.1 94.9 94.5 95.9 83.2 87.1 83.0 86.0 16-24 YRS OLD 80.5 85.9 82.9 87.7 65.3 75.2 64.8 72.3 25-54 YRS OLD 92.7 94.6 94.3 95.8 82.2 86.4 83.6 86.5 55-59 YRS OLD 95.4 96.5 96.4 97.4 88.7 90.7 90.1 91.2 60-64 YRS OLD 95.7 96.7 96.6 97.3 89.2 91.6 89.8 90.0 65-69 YRS OLD 96.3 97.0 97.1 97.7 90.3 91.9 88.8 91.0 70-99 YRS OLD 96.4 97.4 97.1 97.9 91.1 92.6 89.8 92.0 1990 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.3 95.0 94.6 96.1 83.5 87.0 82.7 85.3 16-24 YRS OLD 81.2 86.5 83.6 88.2 66.4 75.3 67.8 73.5 25-54 YRS OLD 92.6 94.5 94.1 95.7 82.4 86.1 82.0 84.6 55-59 YRS OLD 95.4 96.4 96.5 97.4 87.3 89.6 89.9 90.7 60-64 YRS OLD 96.2 96.9 97.1 97.6 89.7 91.6 90.6 91.1 65-69 YRS OLD 96.3 97.1 97.0 97.8 90.7 91.7 90.7 92.5 70-99 YRS OLD 96.9 97.8 97.4 98.3 91.9 93.3 93.2 94.1 1991 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.4 95.1 94.8 96.2 83.5 87.2 84.1 86.7 16-24 YRS OLD 81.0 86.1 83.4 88.0 65.7 74.5 68.5 73.9 25-54 YRS OLD 92.7 94.6 94.3 95.8 82.3 86.3 84.1 86.7 55-59 YRS OLD 95.5 96.7 96.5 97.5 88.0 90.9 89.8 90.5 60-64 YRS OLD 95.9 96.9 96.9 97.6 88.5 90.8 88.3 90.4 65-69 YRS OLD 96.7 97.5 97.5 98.2 89.8 91.8 92.9 94.0 70-99 YRS OLD 97.3 98.1 97.8 98.6 92.8 93.5 92.1 94.0 1992 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 95.3 95.2 96.4 84.2 87.9 85.8 88.2 15-24 YRS OLD 82.0 87.4 85.0 89.6 64.2 74.1 72.8 80.4 25-54 YRS OLD 93.1 94.8 94.6 95.9 82.9 87.0 85.5 87.7 55-59 YRS OLD 96.0 96.8 97.0 97.5 89.6 91.9 91.5 92.3 60-64 YRS OLD 96.3 97.1 97.0 97.7 91.2 92.6 89.3 91.2 65-69 YRS OLD 96.6 97.3 97.5 98.0 89.8 92.0 92.0 92.4 70-99 YRS OLD 97.5 98.0 98.0 98.5 93.1 94.0 94.2 95.0 1993 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.2 95.6 95.5 96.6 85.2 88.3 86.7 88.8 15-24 YRS OLD 83.3 87.3 85.7 89.2 70.1 77.3 71.8 76.3 25-54 YRS OLD 93.5 95.1 95.0 96.3 83.5 87.0 86.4 88.7 55-59 YRS OLD 95.9 96.8 96.7 97.5 90.0 92.2 91.3 92.1 60-64 YRS OLD 97.0 97.6 97.7 98.3 91.9 93.3 92.5 93.7 65-69 YRS OLD 97.0 97.6 97.5 98.1 92.8 93.5 92.9 93.9 70-99 YRS OLD 97.6 98.2 98.0 98.6 93.2 94.1 94.7 95.4 1994 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 95.4 95.1 96.4 85.7 89.4 86.0 88.3 15-24 YRS OLD 84.3 89.2 86.1 90.4 74.0 83.0 71.8 77.1 25-54 YRS OLD 93.3 95.0 94.7 96.0 84.8 88.7 86.1 88.4 55-59 YRS OLD 95.6 96.6 96.3 97.2 90.7 92.9 89.4 91.1 60-64 YRS OLD 96.3 97.2 97.1 97.9 90.1 91.9 91.8 92.4 65-69 YRS OLD 96.7 97.3 97.3 97.8 91.8 93.2 93.3 93.5 70-99 YRS OLD 96.7 97.6 97.2 98.1 91.7 93.1 92.3 93.7 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 42 Table 6 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Householder's Age Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1995 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.2 95.2 96.2 86.2 89.2 85.9 87.8 15-24 YRS OLD 84.6 88.5 87.0 90.2 73.2 80.6 74.8 78.0 25-54 YRS OLD 93.6 94.9 95.0 96.0 85.4 88.5 86.1 88.0 55-59 YRS OLD 95.7 96.4 96.2 96.8 92.5 93.9 88.6 90.0 60-64 YRS OLD 95.8 96.5 96.3 96.9 91.7 93.4 90.0 90.9 65-69 YRS OLD 96.4 96.8 96.9 97.4 92.2 93.1 91.2 92.6 70-99 YRS OLD 96.4 97.1 97.0 97.5 91.4 92.8 90.4 92.1 1996 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.0 94.9 95.8 87.3 89.8 86.4 88.0 15-24 YRS OLD 84.9 88.4 86.8 89.6 74.5 81.2 72.9 76.4 25-54 YRS OLD 93.5 94.8 94.6 95.6 86.6 89.4 87.1 88.8 55-59 YRS OLD 95.7 96.3 96.3 96.8 91.0 92.5 90.3 90.7 60-64 YRS OLD 95.7 96.2 96.3 96.8 92.0 93.0 88.2 88.8 65-69 YRS OLD 95.8 96.3 96.4 96.8 92.5 93.3 89.5 90.4 70-99 YRS OLD 96.5 97.0 96.8 97.3 93.5 94.3 90.9 92.3 1997 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.9 95.0 95.0 95.9 86.9 89.5 86.7 88.6 15-24 YRS OLD 84.9 88.8 86.7 90.1 74.9 81.6 75.0 79.4 25-54 YRS OLD 93.6 94.8 94.7 95.7 86.3 89.0 87.1 88.9 55-59 YRS OLD 95.4 96.1 96.4 96.9 89.2 90.8 90.1 92.2 60-64 YRS OLD 96.0 96.5 96.6 97.0 92.1 92.7 90.6 91.2 65-69 YRS OLD 96.2 96.7 96.7 97.1 92.6 93.8 90.9 92.4 70-99 YRS OLD 96.2 96.7 96.6 97.1 93.0 93.7 90.3 91.3 1998 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.1 95.2 95.1 96.0 87.9 89.7 88.4 90.0 15-24 YRS OLD 87.0 89.8 88.4 91.0 79.9 83.8 80.0 83.5 25-54 YRS OLD 93.8 94.9 94.8 95.8 87.2 89.2 88.5 89.9 55-59 YRS OLD 95.6 96.2 96.2 96.8 91.5 92.5 91.4 92.8 60-64 YRS OLD 95.8 96.3 96.5 97.0 91.8 92.8 91.2 92.6 65-69 YRS OLD 95.7 96.3 96.5 97.0 90.2 90.7 95.1 95.8 70-99 YRS OLD 96.3 96.8 96.7 97.1 93.1 93.8 91.0 91.9 1999 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.2 95.0 95.2 95.9 87.7 89.6 89.9 90.9 15-24 YRS OLD 86.4 88.9 88.2 90.2 77.5 82.3 81.0 83.1 25-54 YRS OLD 94.0 94.9 95.1 95.9 87.5 89.5 90.2 91.3 55-59 YRS OLD 95.7 96.3 96.4 96.9 90.5 91.5 93.1 94.3 60-64 YRS OLD 95.7 96.2 96.4 96.8 90.9 92.0 92.2 92.8 65-69 YRS OLD 95.9 96.3 96.6 97.0 90.0 91.1 94.1 94.8 70-99 YRS OLD 95.8 96.3 96.2 96.7 92.2 92.8 92.4 93.1 2000 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.4 95.2 95.2 95.9 89.3 90.7 90.5 91.6 15-24 YRS OLD 87.8 90.1 89.0 91.3 81.2 84.1 81.9 84.4 25-54 YRS OLD 94.2 95.1 95.1 95.9 89.2 90.7 91.1 92.1 55-59 YRS OLD 95.8 96.3 96.2 96.7 91.8 92.5 91.1 92.0 60-64 YRS OLD 95.8 96.2 96.5 96.7 91.2 92.0 92.3 93.2 65-69 YRS OLD 95.8 96.1 96.3 96.5 92.8 93.2 94.5 94.7 70-99 YRS OLD 95.7 96.1 96.1 96.5 91.6 92.4 92.1 92.7 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 43 Table 6 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Householder's Age Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 2001 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.9 95.7 95.6 96.4 90.0 91.4 91.3 92.4 15-24 YRS OLD 88.8 91.0 89.4 91.5 85.6 88.1 83.5 85.6 25-54 YRS OLD 94.7 95.6 95.5 96.3 89.4 91.0 91.8 92.9 55-59 YRS OLD 96.4 96.9 96.8 97.2 93.1 94.3 93.3 94.3 60-64 YRS OLD 96.2 96.6 96.7 97.0 93.0 94.1 94.4 95.0 65-69 YRS OLD 96.4 96.8 97.1 97.4 92.0 92.7 94.1 94.3 70-99 YRS OLD 96.3 96.8 96.7 97.2 93.2 93.7 91.9 92.6 2002 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.3 96.2 96.2 96.9 90.1 91.6 91.7 92.9 15-24 YRS OLD 88.5 91.0 89.5 91.9 83.4 86.7 84.2 86.7 25-54 YRS OLD 95.0 95.9 95.9 96.7 89.6 91.1 92.0 93.2 55-59 YRS OLD 96.8 97.4 97.4 97.9 92.2 93.2 93.9 94.6 60-64 YRS OLD 96.9 97.4 97.2 97.7 94.8 95.4 93.0 93.5 65-69 YRS OLD 97.5 97.8 98.0 98.1 94.3 95.3 95.1 95.1 70-99 YRS OLD 97.2 97.6 97.7 98.0 93.7 94.4 94.9 95.3 2003 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.1 96.0 95.9 96.6 90.4 91.6 91.4 92.5 15-24 YRS OLD 87.9 90.4 88.9 91.0 83.6 87.0 85.0 87.3 25-54 YRS OLD 94.8 95.7 95.6 96.4 90.0 91.2 91.8 92.8 55-59 YRS OLD 96.8 97.3 97.3 97.8 93.8 94.3 92.6 93.8 60-64 YRS OLD 96.8 97.3 97.5 97.9 92.1 93.0 94.6 94.9 65-69 YRS OLD 97.0 97.4 97.6 97.9 93.2 93.3 94.3 94.6 70-99 YRS OLD 97.1 97.5 97.5 97.9 93.4 94.1 91.9 93.0 2004 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.8 94.8 94.6 95.5 88.6 90.0 90.3 91.6 15-24 YRS OLD 86.4 89.4 87.4 90.0 81.7 85.4 83.3 85.9 25-54 YRS OLD 93.5 94.6 94.4 95.4 88.3 89.8 90.8 92.0 55-59 YRS OLD 95.2 95.7 95.9 96.5 90.0 90.5 91.9 92.6 60-64 YRS OLD 95.3 95.7 96.0 96.4 89.3 89.7 93.0 93.8 65-69 YRS OLD 96.1 96.5 96.4 96.7 94.3 94.4 93.7 94.3 70-99 YRS OLD 95.9 96.3 96.3 96.7 91.8 92.7 91.8 92.2 2005 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.1 94.3 93.9 95.0 88.0 89.8 88.8 90.4 16-24 YRS OLD 86.4 89.0 87.6 89.9 80.9 85.0 80.8 82.7 25-54 YRS OLD 92.8 94.1 93.7 94.9 88.0 89.7 89.5 91.2 55-59 YRS OLD 94.4 95.2 95.0 95.7 89.8 91.2 89.4 90.9 60-64 YRS OLD 94.6 95.4 95.4 96.1 89.2 90.4 92.5 93.6 65-69 YRS OLD 95.1 95.9 95.9 96.5 90.6 91.5 90.9 91.5 70-99 YRS OLD 94.7 95.4 95.1 95.9 90.6 91.6 89.8 90.6 2006 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 93.6 94.7 94.4 95.4 88.7 90.3 89.1 90.7 16-24 YRS OLD 87.8 90.6 88.9 91.6 82.9 86.4 83.3 86.9 25-54 YRS OLD 93.3 94.5 94.1 95.2 88.4 90.1 89.4 90.8 55-59 YRS OLD 95.0 95.7 95.5 96.3 91.2 91.7 90.0 91.6 60-64 YRS OLD 95.5 96.3 96.1 96.9 91.7 92.8 92.0 92.8 65-69 YRS OLD 95.1 95.8 95.5 96.2 91.7 92.4 89.7 91.5 70-99 YRS OLD 95.0 95.6 95.6 96.2 90.5 91.2 91.3 92.3 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 44 Table 6 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Householder's Age Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail MARCH 2007 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 94.6 95.3 95.4 96.0 89.2 90.6 91.0 92.3 15 - 24 YRS OLD 89.3 91.3 89.5 91.4 87.3 88.9 84.3 87.1 25 - 54 YRS OLD 94.2 95.1 95.1 95.8 88.9 90.5 91.1 92.3 55 - 59 YRS OLD 96.1 96.5 96.8 97.1 91.1 92.4 93.7 94.6 60 - 64 YRS OLD 96.3 96.7 97.2 97.6 89.1 89.4 94.5 95.5 65 - 69 YRS OLD 95.5 95.9 96.5 96.8 86.5 87.5 93.5 94.4 70 - 99 YRS OLD 95.9 96.3 96.3 96.7 92.4 92.8 92.2 93.4 JULY 2007 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.0 95.8 95.7 96.5 90.5 91.7 91.0 92.5 15-24 YRS OLD 90.6 92.4 91.7 93.6 84.7 86.4 86.2 88.1 25-54 YRS OLD 94.5 95.4 95.2 96.1 90.2 91.5 91.0 92.5 55-59 YRS OLD 96.0 96.6 96.9 97.4 90.5 91.7 93.9 95.1 60-64 YRS OLD 96.8 97.3 97.3 97.7 93.4 94.5 92.9 94.1 65-69 YRS OLD 96.1 96.5 96.6 96.9 92.2 93.7 92.2 93.4 70-99 YRS OLD 96.6 97.2 97.1 97.7 93.8 94.1 92.8 93.7 NOVEMBER 2007 TOTAL HOUSEHOLD 94.9 95.8 95.7 96.5 89.9 91.3 90.6 91.8 15 - 24 YRS OLD 89.5 91.3 90.1 91.6 85.5 89.2 83.1 84.8 25 - 54 YRS OLD 94.4 95.5 95.3 96.2 89.6 91.1 91.0 92.1 55 - 59 YRS OLD 96.0 96.7 96.9 97.4 90.8 92.1 90.5 92.2 60 - 64 YRS OLD 96.7 97.2 97.2 97.6 92.9 94.1 95.4 96.1 65 - 69 YRS OLD 96.5 96.8 97.4 97.5 90.5 90.9 94.0 94.0 70 - 99 YRS OLD 96.7 97.2 97.2 97.7 92.7 93.0 92.0 93.1 2007 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLD 94.8 95.6 95.6 96.3 89.9 91.2 90.9 92.2 15 - 24 YRS OLD 89.8 91.6 90.4 92.2 85.8 88.2 84.5 86.7 25 - 54 YRS OLD 94.4 95.3 95.2 96.0 89.6 91.0 91.0 92.3 55 - 59 YRS OLD 96.0 96.6 96.8 97.3 90.8 92.1 92.7 94.0 60 - 64 YRS OLD 96.6 97.1 97.2 97.6 91.8 92.7 94.3 95.3 65 - 69 YRS OLD 96.1 96.4 96.8 97.1 89.7 90.7 93.2 93.9 70 - 99 YRS OLD 96.4 96.9 96.8 97.4 93.0 93.3 92.3 93.4 MARCH 2008 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.2 95.9 95.8 96.4 91.3 92.3 91.6 92.5 15 - 24 YRS OLD 90.2 92.1 91.4 93.0 85.4 89.0 85.9 87.4 25 - 54 YRS OLD 94.9 95.5 95.4 96.0 91.2 92.1 91.5 92.5 55 - 59 YRS OLD 96.0 96.6 96.6 97.1 91.9 93.0 93.1 93.8 60 - 64 YRS OLD 96.7 97.2 97.0 97.6 93.7 94.4 93.9 94.7 65 - 69 YRS OLD 96.9 97.2 97.5 97.8 92.1 92.4 96.4 96.4 70 - 99 YRS OLD 96.7 97.1 97.1 97.4 94.1 94.1 94.6 94.9 JULY 2008 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.4 96.1 96.1 96.7 91.0 92.0 92.0 93.1 15-24 YRS OLD 91.7 92.7 92.3 93.2 89.3 90.3 88.4 89.4 25-54 YRS OLD 95.0 95.8 95.6 96.4 90.8 92.0 92.0 93.3 55-59 YRS OLD 96.3 96.7 96.8 97.3 92.6 92.6 93.4 93.8 60-64 YRS OLD 96.4 96.9 97.0 97.6 91.4 92.0 94.0 95.5 65-69 YRS OLD 96.3 96.7 97.0 97.4 92.7 93.0 91.6 93.1 70-99 YRS OLD 96.8 97.2 97.5 97.8 91.5 92.0 93.6 94.0 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 45 Table 6 Percentage of Households with a Telephone by Householder's Age Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail NOVEMBER 2008 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.0 95.7 95.8 96.4 90.6 91.6 91.4 92.4 15 - 24 YRS OLD 90.7 92.6 91.7 93.7 84.3 86.3 88.0 90.4 25 - 54 YRS OLD 94.7 95.4 95.4 96.1 90.6 91.7 91.1 92.1 55 - 59 YRS OLD 95.8 96.2 96.5 96.9 90.2 90.8 93.7 94.3 60 - 64 YRS OLD 96.5 96.9 97.1 97.4 93.2 93.5 94.8 94.8 65 - 69 YRS OLD 96.2 96.6 96.9 97.3 93.1 93.1 91.8 92.2 70 - 99 YRS OLD 96.4 97.0 96.8 97.4 93.1 93.3 94.5 94.8 2008 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.2 95.9 95.9 96.5 91.0 91.9 91.7 92.7 15 - 24 YRS OLD 90.8 92.5 91.8 93.3 86.4 88.5 87.5 89.1 25 - 54 YRS OLD 94.8 95.6 95.5 96.2 90.9 91.9 91.5 92.6 55 - 59 YRS OLD 96.0 96.5 96.7 97.1 91.6 92.1 93.4 94.0 60 - 64 YRS OLD 96.5 97.0 97.1 97.5 92.8 93.3 94.2 95.0 65 - 69 YRS OLD 96.5 96.9 97.1 97.5 92.6 92.8 93.3 93.9 70 - 99 YRS OLD 96.6 97.1 97.1 97.5 92.9 93.2 94.2 94.6 MARCH 2009 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.6 96.3 96.2 96.8 92.4 93.5 92.3 93.2 15 - 24 YRS OLD 91.5 93.0 92.1 93.4 87.9 89.8 86.6 88.3 25 - 54 YRS OLD 95.2 96.0 95.8 96.4 92.1 93.3 92.4 93.3 55 - 59 YRS OLD 96.5 97.0 97.2 97.5 91.6 92.9 95.2 95.2 60 - 64 YRS OLD 96.5 97.1 97.4 97.8 92.7 94.2 90.5 90.5 65 - 69 YRS OLD 97.5 97.9 97.9 98.2 95.2 95.9 94.9 95.7 70 - 99 YRS OLD 97.0 97.3 97.2 97.6 95.7 95.9 96.2 96.6 JULY 2009 TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS 95.7 96.3 96.4 96.9 92.2 93.2 92.6 93.4 15-24 YRS OLD 91.5 92.9 92.1 93.2 89.3 91.3 85.5 87.0 25-54 YRS OLD 95.2 95.9 95.8 96.4 91.8 92.8 92.7 93.6 55-59 YRS OLD 96.4 97.0 97.1 97.5 93.2 94.6 95.8 95.8 60-64 YRS OLD 97.4 97.7 97.8 98.1 94.7 94.7 95.2 95.7 65-69 YRS OLD 97.3 97.5 97.7 98.0 93.7 93.7 95.3 95.3 70-99 YRS OLD 97.2 97.7 97.7 98.1 93.5 94.7 93.9 94.6 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 46 Table 7 Percentage of Adults with a Telephone by Labor Force Status Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail NOVEMBER 1983 TOTAL CNP 92.8 94.5 94.1 95.6 82.7 86.6 83.4 86.5 EMPLOYED 94.1 95.9 95.0 96.6 85.7 89.8 86.3 89.6 UNEMPLOYED 82.5 86.5 84.8 88.1 74.6 81.2 76.6 79.9 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.1 93.4 93.8 94.9 80.8 83.7 80.4 83.0 1984 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 92.8 94.5 94.1 95.5 82.9 86.7 83.0 85.6 EMPLOYED 94.0 95.7 95.0 96.4 85.9 89.8 85.7 88.3 UNEMPLOYED 81.7 85.3 84.0 87.0 74.7 80.2 74.0 77.4 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.1 93.5 93.8 95.0 80.7 83.9 80.3 82.8 1985 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 93.0 94.6 94.2 95.6 84.1 87.4 83.5 85.8 EMPLOYED 94.2 95.8 95.0 96.5 87.3 90.4 85.1 87.5 UNEMPLOYED 82.3 85.8 84.2 87.3 76.3 81.1 73.8 76.9 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.2 93.6 93.8 94.9 81.5 84.5 82.6 84.6 1986 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 93.4 94.8 94.6 95.8 84.6 88.1 83.3 85.4 EMPLOYED 94.7 96.1 95.5 96.6 87.7 91.1 85.3 87.4 UNEMPLOYED 82.3 86.0 84.5 87.6 74.8 80.7 75.3 78.2 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.6 93.9 94.1 95.1 82.3 85.4 81.4 83.4 1987 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 93.5 94.9 94.7 95.9 84.7 88.1 84.5 86.4 EMPLOYED 94.6 96.1 95.4 96.7 87.9 91.0 86.3 88.3 UNEMPLOYED 82.7 86.1 85.3 88.2 74.0 79.3 77.0 79.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.7 93.9 94.2 95.2 82.2 85.5 82.5 84.1 1988 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 93.8 95.2 94.9 96.1 85.6 88.7 83.6 86.1 EMPLOYED 94.9 96.2 95.6 96.8 88.5 91.5 85.4 87.7 UNEMPLOYED 83.3 86.8 85.9 88.9 75.4 80.5 76.7 80.3 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 92.8 94.2 94.3 95.5 83.1 86.0 81.5 84.0 1989 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.1 95.5 95.3 96.4 85.8 89.0 84.7 87.0 EMPLOYED 95.2 96.5 96.0 97.1 88.8 91.7 86.6 89.0 UNEMPLOYED 83.9 87.1 86.2 88.8 77.0 82.5 75.1 78.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.1 94.4 94.7 95.7 82.8 85.9 82.6 84.6 1990 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.2 95.5 95.3 96.5 86.1 88.8 84.5 86.6 EMPLOYED 95.3 96.6 96.0 97.2 89.4 91.8 86.3 88.4 UNEMPLOYED 85.0 88.0 87.9 90.4 75.3 80.0 77.0 80.4 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.0 94.3 94.6 95.6 83.2 85.8 82.4 84.1 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 47 Table 7 Percentage of Adults with a Telephone by Labor Force Status Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1991 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.3 95.7 95.5 96.6 86.3 89.1 85.5 87.7 EMPLOYED 95.6 96.8 96.3 97.3 89.8 92.4 87.5 89.6 UNEMPLOYED 86.4 89.5 88.3 91.0 78.9 84.1 78.2 81.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.1 94.4 94.7 95.8 82.6 85.3 83.5 85.4 1992 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.7 95.9 95.8 96.8 86.9 89.8 87.8 89.7 EMPLOYED 95.8 97.0 96.5 97.5 90.1 92.8 89.5 91.6 UNEMPLOYED 88.1 90.3 90.0 91.8 81.2 85.0 83.4 85.8 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.6 94.8 95.2 96.1 83.6 86.5 85.8 87.4 1993 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.0 96.1 96.0 97.0 87.5 90.0 88.2 89.9 EMPLOYED 96.1 97.1 96.8 97.6 90.6 92.8 89.7 91.5 UNEMPLOYED 88.6 90.6 90.7 92.3 80.9 84.7 85.0 87.1 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.8 94.9 95.3 96.2 84.5 87.0 86.1 87.6 1994 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.5 95.9 95.6 96.7 87.9 91.0 87.3 89.2 EMPLOYED 95.6 96.8 96.3 97.3 90.4 93.2 88.5 90.4 UNEMPLOYED 87.8 90.8 89.8 92.2 81.1 86.7 84.1 86.5 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.4 94.8 94.8 95.9 85.4 88.5 85.7 87.6 1995 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.0 96.1 95.9 96.8 89.1 91.4 88.0 89.6 EMPLOYED 95.8 96.7 96.5 97.2 91.2 93.2 88.9 90.4 UNEMPLOYED 88.8 91.7 90.8 93.1 82.3 87.4 84.4 87.2 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.4 94.4 94.8 95.7 84.9 87.3 86.0 87.7 1996 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.9 95.8 95.6 96.4 89.7 91.8 88.4 89.7 EMPLOYED 95.6 96.4 96.2 96.9 91.4 93.0 89.6 90.8 UNEMPLOYED 88.8 91.1 90.1 91.9 85.0 89.5 84.6 86.5 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.4 94.4 94.5 95.3 86.4 88.8 85.6 87.0 1997 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.9 95.8 95.7 96.5 89.3 91.5 88.6 90.2 EMPLOYED 95.6 96.5 96.2 96.9 91.1 92.9 89.5 91.1 UNEMPLOYED 87.8 90.4 89.7 91.4 81.5 87.1 82.4 84.3 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.5 94.4 94.8 95.5 86.4 88.4 86.9 88.4 1998 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.1 95.9 95.7 96.5 90.4 91.9 89.9 91.3 EMPLOYED 95.6 96.4 96.1 96.8 91.9 93.3 90.4 91.8 UNEMPLOYED 89.3 91.4 91.5 93.2 82.9 85.6 85.4 88.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.9 94.7 94.9 95.6 87.8 89.1 89.0 90.2 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 48 Table 7 Percentage of Adults with a Telephone by Labor Force Status Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail 1999 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.2 95.9 95.9 96.5 90.3 91.8 91.2 92.1 EMPLOYED 95.8 96.4 96.3 96.9 91.8 93.2 91.5 92.4 UNEMPLOYED 89.6 91.2 91.6 93.0 83.2 85.4 89.1 90.2 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.1 94.7 95.1 95.7 87.7 89.1 90.7 91.6 2000 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.1 95.8 95.7 96.3 91.0 92.1 91.7 92.6 EMPLOYED 95.7 96.4 96.1 96.8 92.6 93.6 91.9 92.8 UNEMPLOYED 90.5 92.2 92.2 93.5 85.6 88.3 89.3 90.8 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.3 94.9 95.1 95.6 89.1 90.0 91.6 92.4 2001 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.6 96.2 96.2 96.8 91.6 92.7 92.4 93.3 EMPLOYED 96.1 96.8 96.5 97.2 93.1 94.0 92.5 93.3 UNEMPLOYED 92.1 93.4 93.1 94.2 88.5 90.9 91.8 92.5 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.9 95.5 95.7 96.3 89.4 90.6 92.3 93.2 2002 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 96.0 96.8 96.7 97.3 92.0 93.2 92.9 93.8 EMPLOYED 96.7 97.3 97.1 97.7 93.8 94.8 93.2 94.1 UNEMPLOYED 92.1 93.5 93.0 94.3 88.3 90.5 89.8 91.0 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 95.4 96.1 96.3 96.9 89.7 91.0 92.8 93.6 2003 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.9 96.6 96.5 97.1 92.1 93.1 92.6 93.5 EMPLOYED 96.4 97.1 96.8 97.5 93.6 94.5 93.3 94.1 UNEMPLOYED 92.7 94.0 93.6 94.7 88.8 90.6 89.4 91.0 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 95.4 95.9 96.2 96.7 90.4 91.4 92.0 92.9 2004 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.7 95.5 95.3 96.1 90.6 91.8 91.8 92.8 EMPLOYED 95.2 96.1 95.7 96.5 92.1 93.3 92.2 93.2 UNEMPLOYED 91.5 93.1 93.3 94.5 86.0 88.5 90.9 92.3 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.1 94.7 94.8 95.4 89.0 90.0 91.2 91.9 2005 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 93.8 94.9 94.5 95.5 89.8 91.3 90.0 91.5 EMPLOYED 94.4 95.5 94.9 95.9 91.0 92.5 90.1 91.5 UNEMPLOYED 90.9 92.5 92.5 93.9 86.5 88.6 88.8 90.3 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.2 94.1 93.9 94.8 88.4 89.7 90.1 91.4 2006 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 94.4 95.3 95.0 95.9 90.5 91.7 90.3 91.7 EMPLOYED 95.0 95.9 95.3 96.3 92.1 93.4 90.6 92.0 UNEMPLOYED 91.0 92.7 92.6 94.0 86.3 88.5 88.5 90.1 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 93.6 94.4 94.5 95.2 88.4 89.5 90.0 91.1 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 49 Table 7 Percentage of Adults with a Telephone by Labor Force Status Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail MARCH 2007 TOTAL CNP 95.3 96.0 95.9 96.5 90.8 92.0 92.0 93.2 EMPLOYED 95.9 96.6 96.3 97.0 92.6 93.7 92.2 93.4 UNEMPLOYED 92.0 93.2 93.6 94.5 85.6 87.9 89.5 90.7 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.4 95.1 95.3 95.9 88.8 90.0 91.8 92.9 JULY 2007 TOTAL CNP 95.7 96.4 96.2 96.9 91.9 92.9 92.3 93.5 EMPLOYED 96.1 96.8 96.5 97.1 93.5 94.3 92.2 93.5 UNEMPLOYED 92.8 94.0 93.6 94.6 89.5 91.5 90.3 91.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 95.1 95.8 96.0 96.6 89.7 90.7 92.9 93.9 NOVEMBER 2007 TOTAL CNP 95.6 96.4 96.2 96.9 91.6 92.8 92.1 93.0 EMPLOYED 96.1 96.9 96.5 97.2 92.9 94.3 92.1 93.1 UNEMPLOYED 93.2 94.4 93.9 94.9 90.2 91.3 90.8 92.1 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 95.1 95.7 96.0 96.5 89.8 90.8 92.2 93.0 2007 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.5 96.2 96.1 96.8 91.5 92.6 92.1 93.2 EMPLOYED 96.0 96.7 96.4 97.1 93.0 94.1 92.2 93.3 UNEMPLOYED 92.7 93.9 93.7 94.7 88.4 90.2 90.2 91.5 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.9 95.5 95.8 96.3 89.5 90.5 92.3 93.3 MARCH 2008 TOTAL CNP 95.9 96.4 96.4 96.9 92.3 93.1 92.8 93.6 EMPLOYED 96.5 97.1 96.8 97.4 93.7 94.6 93.1 93.9 UNEMPLOYED 93.2 94.0 93.7 94.5 90.1 90.9 89.8 91.6 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 95.1 95.6 95.8 96.3 90.4 91.1 92.6 93.2 JULY 2008 TOTAL CNP 96.0 96.6 96.5 97.0 92.4 93.3 92.8 93.7 EMPLOYED 96.4 97.0 96.9 97.4 93.3 94.3 93.1 94.0 UNEMPLOYED 94.3 95.0 94.8 95.5 92.3 93.2 92.8 93.5 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 95.3 95.9 96.0 96.5 90.9 91.8 92.1 93.1 NOVEMBER 2008 TOTAL CNP 95.7 96.3 96.3 96.9 92.0 92.9 92.6 93.6 EMPLOYED 96.3 96.9 96.7 97.3 93.6 94.4 93.5 94.3 UNEMPLOYED 93.7 94.5 95.3 95.9 88.2 89.9 90.9 91.5 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 94.8 95.4 95.6 96.2 90.4 91.2 91.4 92.4 2008 ANNUAL AVERAGE TOTAL CNP 95.8 96.4 96.4 96.9 92.3 93.1 92.7 93.6 EMPLOYED 96.4 97.0 96.8 97.3 93.5 94.4 93.2 94.1 UNEMPLOYED 93.7 94.5 94.6 95.3 90.2 91.3 91.2 92.2 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 95.1 95.6 95.8 96.3 90.6 91.4 92.0 92.9 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 50 Table 7 Percentage of Adults with a Telephone by Labor Force Status Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail Unit Avail MARCH 2009 TOTAL CNP 96.2 96.7 96.6 97.1 93.4 94.5 93.6 94.4 EMPLOYED 96.6 97.1 96.9 97.4 94.3 95.3 93.4 94.2 UNEMPLOYED 94.9 95.6 95.3 95.9 93.0 94.1 94.1 94.8 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 95.7 96.3 96.4 96.8 92.3 93.5 93.9 94.7 JULY 2009 TOTAL CNP 96.2 96.7 96.7 97.1 93.4 94.3 93.6 94.3 EMPLOYED 96.7 97.2 97.0 97.4 94.4 95.3 93.5 94.2 UNEMPLOYED 94.6 95.5 95.5 96.1 91.9 93.6 93.7 94.5 NOT IN LABOR FORCE 95.7 96.2 96.3 96.8 92.2 93.1 93.7 94.5 RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN 51 Table 8 Critical Values for Determining Significant Differences by State In Unit Available UNITED STATES 0.7% 0.7% ALABAMA 6.4% 7.7% ALASKA 6.0% 7.5% ARIZONA 6.7% 6.1% ARKANSAS 5.5% 4.7% CALIFORNIA 2.4% 2.4% COLORADO 4.4% 5.0% CONNECTICUT 4.2% 4.0% DELAWARE 5.2% 5.7% DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 6.3% 6.3% FLORIDA 2.8% 2.9% GEORGIA 5.7% 5.0% HAWAII 6.2% 6.2% IDAHO 4.9% 4.6% ILLINOIS 4.5% 5.1% INDIANA 5.9% 5.9% IOWA 4.3% 4.5% KANSAS 4.9% 5.5% KENTUCKY 5.5% 6.7% LOUISIANA 8.5% 7.6% MAINE 4.4% 4.4% MARYLAND 4.3% 4.7% MASSACHUSETTS 5.1% 5.3% MICHIGAN 4.1% 4.3% MINNESOTA 4.4% 4.6% MISSISSIPPI 6.2% 6.5% MISSOURI 4.4% 4.6% MONTANA 5.7% 5.9% NEBRASKA 6.0% 7.2% NEVADA 4.8% 5.3% NEW HAMPSHIRE 4.1% 4.0% NEW JERSEY 4.5% 4.7% NEW MEXICO 8.5% 9.9% NEW YORK 3.3% 3.6% NORTH CAROLINA 4.6% 4.9% NORTH DAKOTA 5.6% 5.1% OHIO 3.9% 3.8% OKLAHOMA 5.5% 5.3% OREGON 5.1% 4.9% PENNSYLVANIA 3.4% 3.6% RHODE ISLAND 5.0% 4.9% SOUTH CAROLINA 5.1% 6.1% SOUTH DAKOTA 4.9% 4.9% TENNESSEE 6.3% 5.4% TEXAS 3.1% 3.3% UTAH 5.4% 5.7% VERMONT 4.8% 5.0% VIRGINIA 4.4% 4.4% WASHINGTON 5.6% 7.9% WEST VIRGINIA 4.9% 5.5% WISCONSIN 4.7% 4.4% WYOMING 4.6% 4.4% 52 Table 9 Critical Values for Determining Significant Differences by Income In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available TOTAL 0.7% 0.7% 0.8% 0.8% 2.2% 2.0% 2.3% 2.4% UNDER $5,000 8.8% 7.9% 10.5% 9.8% 14.9% 15.2% 21.9% 21.7% $5,000 - $7,499 8.1% 7.0% 10.1% 9.0% 16.3% 16.2% 19.3% 17.7% $7,500 - $9,999 8.8% 8.5% 10.2% 10.0% 18.5% 17.6% 23.0% 23.9% $10,000 - $12,499 7.7% 7.8% 8.4% 8.6% 17.3% 16.0% 19.2% 21.3% $12,500 - $14,999 7.7% 7.9% 8.9% 9.0% 19.3% 17.4% 18.0% 18.7% $15,000 - $19,999 6.1% 5.9% 6.7% 6.5% 16.0% 14.1% 15.3% 14.6% $20,000 - $24,999 5.9% 5.5% 6.4% 6.2% 15.2% 15.2% 15.1% 15.8% $25,000 - $29,999 6.0% 6.3% 6.5% 6.6% 17.3% 16.5% 13.8% 13.5% $30,000 - $34,999 5.8% 5.6% 6.3% 6.4% 16.5% 16.7% 14.5% 13.7% $35,000 - $39,999 5.9% 6.2% 6.4% 6.5% 18.0% 18.2% 16.5% 16.4% $40,000 - $49,999 4.7% 4.6% 4.9% 4.7% 15.4% 14.6% 14.1% 13.2% $50,000 - $59,999 5.2% 5.8% 5.6% 6.1% 17.2% 18.6% 17.5% 18.3% $60,000 - $74,999 4.5% 4.7% 4.9% 5.1% 17.3% 17.2% 16.0% 16.3% $75,000 - $99,999 4.5% 4.7% 4.7% 4.9% 18.2% 18.3% 18.2% 17.6% $100,000 - $149,999 5.0% 5.0% 5.2% 5.1% 23.7% 27.5% 22.7% 21.9% $150,000 + 6.5% 6.6% 6.8% 7.1% 35.5% 34.7% 28.3% 31.3% Table 10 Critical Values for Determining Significant Differences by Household Size In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available TOTAL 0.7% 0.7% 0.8% 0.8% 2.2% 2.0% 2.3% 2.4% 1 PERSON 2.6% 2.5% 3.0% 2.8% 7.0% 6.6% 9.4% 10.0% 2 - 3 1.4% 1.4% 1.5% 1.4% 4.8% 4.5% 5.3% 5.5% 4 - 5 2.4% 2.4% 2.6% 2.7% 8.2% 7.9% 5.6% 5.4% 6 + 6.7% 6.3% 7.8% 7.8% 18.9% 15.5% 12.7% 11.5% Table 11 Critical Values for Determining Significant Differences by Householder's Age In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available TOTAL 0.7% 0.7% 0.8% 0.8% 2.2% 2.0% 2.3% 2.4% 15-24 YRS OLD 4.9% 5.1% 5.7% 5.8% 11.7% 11.6% 10.8% 10.2% 25-54 YRS OLD 1.0% 1.0% 1.1% 1.1% 3.0% 2.7% 3.1% 2.9% 55-59 YRS OLD 2.9% 2.8% 3.1% 3.2% 10.7% 11.4% 14.5% 14.8% 60-64 YRS OLD 3.3% 3.4% 3.4% 3.6% 13.8% 14.6% 15.8% 18.0% 65-69 YRS OLD 3.6% 3.6% 3.8% 4.0% 14.8% 16.1% 20.0% 21.7% 70-99 YRS OLD 2.0% 1.9% 2.0% 2.1% 8.7% 8.0% 12.4% 11.9% Table 12 Critical Values for Determining Significant Differences by Labor Force Status In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available In Unit Available TOTAL CNP 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 1.3% 1.2% 1.6% 1.3% EMPLOYED 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.9% 2.8% 2.9% 3.2% 3.3% UNEMPLOYED 5.2% 4.8% 6.2% 5.8% 12.0% 12.0% 20.3% 20.9% NOT IN LABOR FORCE 1.3% 1.3% 1.4% 1.5% 4.0% 4.3% 5.1% 5.2% TOTAL WHITE BLACK HISPANIC ORIGIN RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN RACE HISPANIC TOTAL WHITE BLACK ORIGIN RACE 53 Customer Response Publication: Telephone Subscribership in the United States (Data through July 2009) You can help us provide the best possible information to the public by completing this form and returning it to the Industry Analysis and Technology 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