Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States NRUF data as of December 31, 2009 Porting and Toll-Free data as of March 31, 2010 Craig Stroup and John Vu Industry Analysis and Technology Division Wireline Competition Bureau Federal Communications Commission January 2011 This report is available for reference in the FCC's Reference Information Center, Courtyard Level, 445 12th Street SW, Washington, DC 20554. Several private firms specialize in locating, duplicating, and distributing FCC documents. Documents may be purchased by calling Best Copy and Printing, Inc. at (202) 488-5300 or via their website at www.bcpiweb.com. This and many other useful reports can also be downloaded from the Wireline Competition Bureau Statistical Reports Internet site at www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 2 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States NRUF Data as of December 31, 2009 Porting and Toll-Free Data as of March 31, 2010 Executive Summary This is the Federal Communications Commission’s report on numbering resource utilization in the United States. 1 In this report, we summarize an ongoing systematic collection of comprehensive data on the utilization of telephone numbers within the United States. The underlying information was acquired from carriers holding numbering resources and was analyzed as part of our ongoing assessment of the efficacy of numbering resource optimization measures prescribed by the Commission’s Numbering Resource Optimization (NRO) Orders. 2 Findings As of December 31, 2009: • Overall, 47.9% of all telephone numbers were assigned to end users. • The overall utilization rate for Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (LECs) was 47.3%, down from 48.8 six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Mobile Wireless carriers was 66.7%, up from 66.1% six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Competitive LECs was 34.0%, down from 34.3% six months earlier. • Thousands-block pooling has made it unnecessary to distribute about 474 million telephone numbers. • Since wireless number portability began on November 24, 2003, wireline customers have moved over 85 million telephone numbers to new wireline carriers and wireless customers moved more than 78 million telephone numbers to new wireless carriers. Over 4 million wireline telephone numbers have been moved to wireless carriers and over 200,000 wireless numbers have been moved to wireline carriers. 1 The previous edition of this report, with data as of June 30, 2009, was released in February 2010. 2 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 15 FCC Rcd 7574 (2000) (First NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, Second Report and Order, Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, and Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 16 FCC Rcd 306 (2000) (Second NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Third Report and Order and Second Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, 17 FCC Rcd 252 (2001) (Third NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Fourth Report and Order in CC Docket No. 99-200 and CC Docket No. 95-116, and Fourth Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 18 FCC Rcd 12472 (2003) (Fourth NRO Order). 3 • In the fourth quarter of 2009, carriers returned 1.48 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. • In the first quarter of 2010, carriers returned 0.80 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. Background The United States uses ten-digit telephone numbers, which are organized in accordance with the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). 3 The NANP divides the country into separate geographic areas called numbering plan areas (NPAs), more commonly called area codes. Calls between these areas are generally dialed using the three-digit area code, followed by a seven-digit local telephone number. When the NANP was established in 1947, only 78 area codes were assigned to carriers in the United States. Only 36 new codes were added through 1989. But the rate of activation increased dramatically. In the 1990s, 109 new area codes were activated in the United States. 4 Because the remaining supply of unassigned area codes is diminishing, and because a premature exhaust of area codes imposes significant costs on consumers, the Commission in 1999 initiated a proceeding to ensure that the limited numbering resources are used efficiently and thereby slow telephone number exhaust. In 2000 it issued its first NRO Order, in which, among other things, the Commission established the requirement that carriers submit data on numbering resource utilization and forecasts twice a year. The information is submitted using FCC Form 502, which is known as the Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast (NRUF) form. 5 Carriers controlling numbering resources for the purpose of providing services to their customers are required to file their NRUF forms with the North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA) 6 by February 1 and August 1 of each year. 7 3 The North American Numbering Plan is used in the United States and its territories, and in Canada, Bermuda, and many Caribbean nations, including Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The data contained in this report are all limited to the United States and its overseas territories. 4 NeuStar, Inc. publishes a database containing information about each area code on its website: http://www.nanpa.com/npa/allnpas.zip. 5 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order, 15 FCC Rcd 17005, 17006, n. 9 (2000) (July 2000 NRO Order). FCC Form 502 and most other FCC forms can be downloaded via www.fcc.gov/formpage.html. 6 The current NANPA is NeuStar, Inc. 7 First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7603, para. 67. 4 The administrator compiles the information submitted into a database and provides that database to the Commission. 8 The NRUF-based information in this report presents number utilization as of December 31, 2009. It reflects all corrections and submissions that the NANPA received through May 6, 2010. 9 Historically, local telephone companies received geographic numbers in blocks of 10,000. These blocks of 10,000 numbers are often called NXXs, or central office codes, and are identifiable as the first three digits of a seven-digit telephone number. 10 One of the efforts to improve the efficiency with which numbers are used is “thousands-block number pooling,” where an NXX is broken into ten sequential blocks of 1,000 numbers. Carriers may then be required to donate unused or underutilized blocks to a pooling administrator, which then assigns those thousands-blocks to other carriers in need of numbers. 11 This effectively allows the assignment of numbers in blocks of 1,000 rather than 10,000. Most carriers are required to report their telephone number usage at the thousands-block level so that the Commission can evaluate the efficacy of telephone number pooling. Carriers that meet the statutory definition of “rural telephone company” 12 and operate in non-pooling areas are required to submit their number usage at the NXX level. In this report, we present utilization data for four types of carriers: 13 • Incumbent LECs • Competitive LECs • Mobile Wireless Carriers • Paging Carriers 8 The NANPA’s database is continually updated because not all carriers file by the prescribed date, and because carriers sometimes file updated information throughout the year. 9 Not all carriers filed their NRUF forms by the February 1, 2010 deadline. 10 A ten-thousands block is the block of 10,000 telephone numbers that have the same area code and the same NXX. 11 The current pooling administrator is NeuStar, Inc., which is also the NANPA. 12 47 U.S.C. § 153(37). 13 Carriers classified themselves in a variety of ways on their NRUF forms. With one exception, each carrier type was aggregated into one of these four categories for the purposes of this report. The exception involves carriers calling themselves interexchange carriers. These carriers reported data for area codes 500 and 900, which are summarized in Table 10 of this report. Therefore, there was no need to classify interexchange carriers as one of the four carrier types listed above. Also, carriers may provide multiple types of services, and may be doing so under a single operating company number. Where this occurs, this may cause a problem because carriers must indicate only their primary line of business on FCC Form 502. Thus, for example, there is some potential that some numbers are classified as mobile wireless but are really used for paging. Only small carriers seem to do this, so the effects of this misclassification should be minor. 5 Carriers report on numbering resources in the following six categories: • assigned • intermediate • reserved • aging • administrative • available An assigned number is one that is in use by an end-user customer. Intermediate numbers are those that one carrier has made available for use by another carrier (or to a non-carrier) so that the numbers may then be assigned to an end user. Reserved numbers are those that are being held by the service provider at the request of an end user for future use. Aging numbers are those that are being held out of use by the carrier for a period of time after the end user that last used them discontinues service. Administrative numbers include test numbers and other numbers used for network purposes. Available numbers are numbers that are generally available for assignment to customers. 14 Some carriers receive telephone numbers from other carriers. When this occurs, the carrier that received its numbers from another carrier (as opposed to directly from the NANPA) is required to report utilization data for those numbers, and to mark those numbers as having been received from other carriers. 15 The vast majority of numbering resources reported were part of geographic area codes. That is, the numbers were part of area codes that are associated with specific regions of the United States or another country. For instance, area code 406 is associated with Montana, and area code 506 is associated with New Brunswick, Canada. Carriers are also required to report on utilization of some non-geographic area codes, such as 500 numbers and 900 numbers (which are described later in this report). Carriers use other types of non-geographic numbering resources as well: millions of numbers are used to provide toll-free services using non-geographic area codes such as 800, 888, 877 and 866. These numbering resources are managed separately. 14 For precise definitions of these categories, see 47 C.F.R. § 52.15. 15 This means that sometimes more than one carrier can report utilization data for the same thousands-block (or ten-thousands block). Carriers receiving numbers from another carrier are required to report utilization data for those numbers on a different page (of FCC Form 502) than the page that carriers use to report numbers received directly from the NANPA. Not all carriers that received numbers from other carriers filed on the correct page, however, so within the database it can appear that more than one carrier has reported data for the same block of numbers. Carriers that receive numbers from other carriers are also required to report on any telephone numbers received from the NANPA. 6 Analysis and Results Table 1 shows the total quantity of telephone numbers reported by the carriers and the number of 10,000 blocks (or NXXs) that were reported. Table 1 also shows the quantity of telephone numbers that carriers reported for each of the six categories described above. The percentages for each of the six categories are provided as well. Carriers reported usage data on 141,738 NXXs. This is up from the 140,260 NXXs from the previous filing (data for June 30, 2009). As the NANPA calculates that 143,568 NXXs have been assigned to United States carriers, 16 this round of submissions (data for December 31, 2009) appears to have garnered usable information on 98% of the numbering resources assigned to carriers in the United States. Although the reporting level is high, many carriers still had not provided usable utilization data by May 6, 2010, the cut-off date for inclusion in this report. Carriers filing FCC Forms 502 reported that about 672 million telephone numbers were assigned to end users, and that 640 million were available for assignment. These 640 million available numbers do not include any telephone numbers in NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. As more NXXs are assigned to carriers by the NANPA, and more area codes are opened, more numbers will become available. Intermediate, reserved, aging and administrative categories collectively account for another 92 million telephone numbers of the NXXs assigned to carriers. The quantity of incumbent LEC assigned numbers is down slightly, reflecting the decreasing number of incumbent LEC lines. 17 The quantity of mobile wireless assigned numbers is up, reflecting that sector’s growth. The quantity of CLEC assigned numbers continues to rise, in part, because of telephone service provided through voice over Internet protocol (VoIP). Table 2 presents utilization statistics for carriers reporting at the thousands-block level (carriers that do not meet the statutory definition of a rural carrier are required to report at the thousands- block level). Table 3 presents statistics for rural carriers, which are required to report only at the 10,000 block level. 18 As might be expected, overall utilization rates are lower in rural areas (about 14% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users) than in more urban areas (about 50% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users). Table 4 shows utilization statistics on a state-by-state basis. As might be expected, states that are relatively rural and have low population densities have a lower percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end-user customers than in more urban, populous states. Again, carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include any of the NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. 16 The NANPA lists the codes that have been issued on their web site: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. 17 See Table 1 of the most recent Local Telephone Competition report at http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/comp.html. 18 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7604-05, para. 71. A small number of rural carriers may operate in areas with pooling. As all carriers in pooling areas are required to report at the thousands-block level, rural carriers in pooling areas, if any, should be included in Table 2 rather than Table 3. 7 Table 5 shows the number of carriers reporting telephone number utilization data for each state. Carriers are required to report their NRUF data at the operating company number (OCN) level. 19 Carriers typically obtain one or more OCNs per state in which they operate. The number of carriers in each state is determined by counting the number of OCNs reported in each state. Table 6 shows utilization statistics on an area code-by-area code basis. The table also shows the total number of OCNs reported in each area code. Again, carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include any of the NXXs in the state that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. Table 7 shows actual quantities of assigned, aging and available numbers for wireline carriers (incumbent LECs and CLECs), and for mobile wireless carriers. This information is presented on an area code-by-area code basis. The information in Table 7 is useful for at least two reasons. First, while there is no information on the number of working telephone lines in each area code, Table 7 provides at least some indication of what these numbers are. For several reasons, however, the number of working lines per area code cannot be perfectly divined from this information. Although mobile wireless carriers typically assign one geographic telephone number to each subscriber, wireline carriers sometimes do not. Some wireline customers want multiple telephone numbers associated with a smaller number of lines. This is common when the customer has a PBX. Other customers, especially those expecting many inbound calls, such as from a help line, want a single telephone number that serves many lines. Thus, the quantity of telephone numbers in an area code provides only a rough guide to the number of lines served in each area code. Second, the information in Table 7 provides the only information available for examining churn. 20 After a customer disconnects from a carrier’s network and chooses not to port the number to another carrier, that carrier will hold that number out of circulation (“age” the number) for up to ninety days if the customer was a residential subscriber, and up to one year if the customer was a business subscriber. Therefore, the quantity of aging numbers gives some indication of the number of customers that have disconnected from the carrier’s network in the previous three months to a year. For several reasons, aging numbers, however, do not give a perfect indication of churn. Aside from not measuring numbers ported to another carrier, not all carriers age their numbers for the full time allowed. In particular, where carriers cannot immediately obtain new numbers from the NANPA or the pooling administrator because of area code rationing, and the carriers have no other available numbers to assign to end users, carriers may assign end users telephone numbers that have not been aged for the full time that the states have prescribed. (Thousands-block pooling alleviates this problem by making more numbering resources available.) Moreover, as mentioned in the previous paragraph, wireline carriers do not always issue one telephone number per line. Thus, as with line counts, churn rates can only be roughly estimated from the data in Table 7. 19 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7594, para. 41. Carriers obtain OCNs from the National Exchange Carrier Association. 20 Churn is the rate at which customers change carriers or disconnect service. 8 Table 8 focuses on telephone number pooling. A thousands-block is potentially poolable when 90% or more of the numbers are classified as available for assignment. Pooling is required in the top 100 MSAs. 21 Pooling also is occurring in other areas where a state commission has exercised delegated authority to require pooling. 22 Carriers also have voluntarily implemented pooling in certain areas. The Commission established an initial roll-out schedule for thousands-block number pooling for wireline carriers, which was completed in December 2003. 23 Table 8 shows the number of thousands-blocks that carriers have received from the Pooling Administrator. Table 8 also shows the total number of thousands-blocks in rate centers where pooling exists, and shows the percentage of those thousands blocks that are pooled. Wireless carriers are listed separately from CLECs and incumbent LECs because wireless carriers started porting on November 24, 2003. Table 9 examines the efficacy of thousands-block pooling by showing the utilization of the thousands-blocks that were distributed by the Pooling Administrator and the utilization rate that would have resulted had whole NXXs been issued. 24 Overall, if whole NXXs had been issued instead of individual thousands-blocks, utilization within those blocks would have been about 21%. With pooling, however, utilization was 63%, about a three-fold increase. Another way of measuring the benefit of pooling is examining the quantity of telephone numbers saved through pooling. With pooling, 242 million telephone numbers were distributed to carriers in pooling areas. Had there been no pooling, over 716 million telephone numbers would have been distributed to the carriers. Thus, about 474 million telephone numbers have been saved through thousands-block pooling. Table 10 shows utilization data for two specialized nongeographic area codes: 500 and 900. Area code 500 is used for “follow me” service, which, among other things, can be used to route an incoming call to different phone numbers, depending on the time of day. Area code 900 is used for information services where the caller is not charged the normal long distance rates set 21 The composition of MSAs may change over time. If a rate center is part of a top 100 MSA at any time after 1990, then the FCC generally requires number pooling. See Fourth NRO Order, 18 FCC Rcd at 12473, para. 2. 22 Most recently, the Commission granted authority to the Idaho, Alabama and Wisconsin commissions to expand pooling to areas outside of the top 100 MSAs. See Numbering Resource Optimization; Implementation of the Local Competition Provisions of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, WC Docket 07-118, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, Order, 22 FCC Rcd 16081 (2007). The Commission also has sought comment on whether it should delegate authority to all states to implement mandatory pooling at their discretion. See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order and Fifth Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 21 FCC Rcd 1833 (2006). 23 See The Common Carrier Bureau Announces The First Quarter Schedule For National Thousands-Block Number Pooling, CC Docket No. 99-200, Public Notice, 17 FCC Rcd 103 (2001). See also Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order, 17 FCC Rcd 7347 (2002). 24 Calculating the utilization rate had whole NXXs been issued was a 4-step process: 1) the number of thousands-blocks that a carrier held in a rate center was determined; 2) that number was rounded up to the next ten, which is the number of thousands-blocks the carrier would have received if it had received whole NXXs; 3) the number in step 2 was multiplied by 1,000 to calculate the total quantity of telephone numbers the carrier would have had in the rate center; 4) the number of telephone numbers that the carrier actually has in that rate center is then subtracted from the quantity calculated in step 3. 9 by the caller’s long distance carrier, but usually is charged much higher prices that are preset by the call’s recipient. Figures 1 through 4 focus on utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands-blocks that the carriers hold within a local geographic area. 25 We used rate centers as our measure of local geographic area because thousands blocks are assigned to carriers on a rate-center basis. 26 Carriers serving densely populated areas may need more than one thousands block (each thousands block contains one thousand numbers) to provide service. In these densely populated areas, carriers should generally be able to achieve higher utilization rates than carriers serving less densely populated areas, where one thousands block (or in many rural areas, a whole NXX) may be used to serve just a few customers. Figure 1 shows average incumbent LEC utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands-blocks in a rate center held by a carrier. The points in the figures were calculated using a three-step process. First, thousands-blocks were grouped depending on the number of thousands-blocks held by a carrier within a rate center. Second, the number of thousands- blocks held in a rate center was rounded to the nearest ten, to help protect the confidentiality of the data. Third, the average utilization rates were calculated for each of the groups (i.e., from the group of 10 thousands-blocks per rate center through the group of 1,000 thousands-blocks per rate center). 27 For example, for all instances where a carrier reported from 5 to 14 (which round to 10) thousands-blocks in a rate center, the average utilization rate was calculated. A similar average utilization rate was calculated for all instances where, for a carrier in a rate center, the number of thousands-blocks in a rate center was rounded to 20, 30, and so on through 1,000. To preserve carrier confidentiality, some data points have been collapsed into a single data point. For example, if there were only two companies with 350 thousands-blocks in a rate center, and another two companies with 360 thousands-blocks in a rate center, those data points were collapsed. This way, no carrier-specific data are released. Figures 2 through 4 show the same information for mobile wireless carriers, CLECs, and paging carriers. Table 11 focuses on NPA-NXX assignment information. There are three different databases that contain sources of NPA-NXX assignment information: NANPA’s NRUF database, NANPA’s NANP Administration System (NAS) database of NPA-NXX assignments, and the Local Exchange Routing Guide (LERG). 28 For a variety of reasons, the databases are not identical. Timing is a large factor in the differences. For instance, during an area code split, a carrier will maintain both the old and new NPA-NXXs in its systems during the phase called 25 For the purposes of these figures, the utilization rate is defined as the number of telephone numbers assigned to end- user customers divided by 1,000 (the number of telephone numbers in the thousands block). 26 A rate center is a geographic area used to determine distances and prices for local and long distance calls. 27 In order to prevent disclosure of proprietary information, we have grouped some individual data points into clusters so that the specific utilization data for individual carriers cannot be divined by comparing the individual plot points with other data sources. 28 The NANPA’s assignment information can be found online: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. The analysis in Table 11 examines only those codes that NANPA marked “assigned” (i.e., this study does not examine those codes marked “protected”, “reserved”, “unassignable”, or “vacant”). The LERG is published monthly by Telcordia Technologies. 10 permissive dialing. 29 After permissive dialing ends, the carrier should remove the old NPA- NXXs from its systems. During permissive dialing, some carriers report utilization data for both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Further, some carriers may not remove the old NPA- NXXs from their systems promptly after permissive dialing ends, and may therefore report utilization data on both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Also, carriers sometimes delay updating the LERG after an NPA-NXX has been removed from their switch or when the carrier has given the NPA-NXX back to the NANPA. Thus, the NRUF database, the LERG and the NANPA assignment database may not be identical. Table 11 shows the number of NPA-NXXs that appear in the three databases. Table 12 shows the percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end users over time. The utilization rate for incumbent local exchange carriers is slowly declining and mobile wireless and CLEC utilization rates are generally increasing. The utilization rate for paging continues to drop because the paging market is shrinking. Table 13 shows, on a quarterly basis, the number of NXX assignments made by the NANPA, the number of NXXs that have been returned to the NANPA, and the number of net NXX assignments to carriers. The table shows that fewer NXXs generally are being issued each quarter, and that carriers continue to return unneeded NPA-NXXs to the NANPA for reassignment. Tables 14 through 16 display information on telephone number porting. All telephone number porting information in this report is derived from the local number portability database, which was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. 30 There are several reasons that the quantity of ported numbers in the database at any given time does not equal the sum of numbers ported in prior months. When consumers who have already ported their telephone numbers do so again, the porting database retains only the most recent porting activity for those numbers. Consumers can also port their numbers back to the original carrier. 31 When this happens, it is counted as a port even though the number drops out of the porting database. 32 Also, carriers sometimes port blocks of numbers to other carriers before reassigning them in the LERG. Once the numbers are reassigned, they can be dropped from the porting database. Table 14 shows, on a quarterly basis, the quantities of telephone numbers that have been ported since wireless porting started on November 24, 2003. The table shows that most porting activity is intramodal, that is between two landline carriers or between two mobile carriers. Many telephone numbers are ported so that they can be used with VoIP-based telephony. 29 During permissive dialing, a phone number may be called by using either the old or the new NPA. 30 NeuStar, Inc. is the portability administrator. NeuStar operates seven different porting databases. Commission staff combines information from these databases into a single database. 31 When a customer who is using a ported number discontinues service entirely, the ported number also goes back to the original carrier. 32 Area code splits can cause a number that was at one time ported from Carrier A to Carrier B to appear to be reported from Carrier A to Carrier B, as the database record must be updated to reflect the new area code. When this happens, the old porting record also disappears from the database. 11 Because almost all VoIP providers get their numbers CLECs, telephone numbers that are ported for VoIP-based service are included in the wireline-to-wireline totals. Table 15 shows the quantity of telephone numbers in the porting database at the end of each quarter. Table 16 is based on ports in the database as of March 31, 2010, and shows the quarter in which the numbers were ported. Table 17 shows the number of ports in the database on a state-by-state basis, and Table 18 shows the number of carriers involved in porting on a state- by-state basis. Table 19 shows the percentage of assigned numbers that were ported. 33 Customers may port their numbers multiple times, and in doing so, they may change the nature of their service (wireline versus wireless), so there are two possible methods of determining whether a number was ported from a wireline carrier or not. The first method is to use the type of carrier that is currently porting the number away from itself, and the second is to determine which type of carrier originally held the number. The choice of methodologies depends on what is being measured. Because it is useful to know porting patterns for numbers as they are currently being used, Tables 14 and 19 use the porting carrier’s type to establish whether a wireline or wireless number is being ported. For the rest of the tables, the original carrier’s type is used to determine the porting carrier’s type. This is done so that the number of wireless subscribers can be better determined. 34 For instance, in order to properly calculate the number of wireless units at a particular point in time using telephone number data, one can take the quantity of wireless assigned numbers as reported on NRUF forms, add the number of wireline to wireless ports and subtract off the number of wireless to wireline ports. Tables 20 through 24 show information about toll-free numbers in the North American Numbering Plan. AT&T introduced toll-free service in 1967. The Commission changed procedures for routing toll-free calls on May 1, 1993 to make toll-free numbers "portable." This change enabled customers to switch service providers yet still retain their toll-free numbers. Table 20 shows that, between 1993 and 2000, the quantity of assigned toll-free numbers grew rapidly: growing from 3.9 million in 1993 to 24.2 million in 2000. New toll-free calling codes were opened to meet the demand. In March 1996, calling code 888 was placed into service. The third toll-free calling code (877) went into effect April 4, 1998, and the fourth toll-free calling code (866) went into effect July 29, 2000. The Wireline Competition Bureau authorized Database Service Management Inc. (DSMI), which maintains the Toll-Free Service Management System for the United States and Canada, to open the 855 toll-free area code on October 1, 2010. 35 In the event that another toll-free code is needed, the 844 code would be opened. As of March 31, 2010, there were about 27 million toll-free numbers assigned. Tables 21 through 24 show the growth of each individual toll-free code: 800, 888, 877, and 866, respectively. 33 Paging carriers are not required to port numbers. 34 According to NRUF rules, a number that is ported to another carrier is classified as assigned. In order to avoid double counting, the recipient of the ported number does not report ported numbers in NRUF. See 47 C.F.R. § 52.15 (f)(1)(v). 35 http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-10-1117A1.pdf 12 Table 25 shows the current list of area codes, the state or territory they serve, and the month the code was opened. Table 26 shows area code assignments since January 1999, along with the month the code was added, and the code that served the area previously. Table 27 shows how dialing patterns differ from state to state. For instance, in some states, callers making local calls within an area code are required to dial only the 7-digit phone number. In other states, callers making local calls must dial the ten-digit phone number (area code plus the phone number). Finally, in some states, local callers must dial a “1” before dialing the area code plus the phone number. Each state’s public utilities commission (or public service commission) determines the calling pattern for each area code in their state. 36 For both local and domestic toll calls, there are two basic types of calls: those within an area code and those between area codes. Table 27 shows the dialing patterns for all four types of calls. The last column of Table 27 indicates whether all toll calls in that state require callers to dial a “1” before the telephone number. Additional Information Additional information too lengthy to include in this report is contained on the Commission’s website. 37 The first set of additional information lists the more than 3,000 filers. The list includes the service provider’s name, its parent name, and its OCN. The second set of information shows, by carrier type and by rate center, the number of assigned telephone numbers and the number of thousands blocks reported in that rate center. Some information has been redacted (asterisked out), to prevent the potential release of non-public data. The information also includes the Metropolitan Statistical Area/Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area in which the rate center resides. 38 The pooling information submitted by NeuStar is also available, and includes the NPA, NXX, X (block number), recipient carrier, date of assignment for the block and other information about the block. NeuStar submitted pooling data as of March 18, 2010. For consistency, only blocks with effective dates through December 31, 2009 were used in creating the tables for this report. Technical Details 36 The dialing patterns for area codes are listed in the area code database, which can be found at http://www.nanpa.com/area_codes/index.html. 37 This report and additional numbering information can be found at http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/number.html. All of the Industry Analysis & Technology Division’s reports are available on the web, and are conveniently categorized. See http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 38 The rate center’s V&H coordinates from the LERG were used to determine in which MSA/PMSA the rate center resided. If the rate center is not in an MSA/PMSA, then the MSA/PMSA variable is left blank. 13 The following material provides technical details on the data and procedures used in this analysis. With respect to Tables 1 through 3, the reader should note that the number of unique NXXs for each carrier type does not add up to the total number of unique NXXs. 39 This occurs when multiple carriers report data for the same numbering resource. In addition, some carriers reported at the thousands-block level and other carriers reported at the NXX level for the same NXX. In the past, when numbers were transferred from an incumbent LEC to another carrier, these numbers were classified as “assigned” because those numbers could not be used elsewhere in the incumbent LEC’s own system. According to the Commission’s standardized definitions, however, these numbers are classified as “intermediate” numbers. It appears that some large carriers have not reported these numbers as intermediate numbers. Because, in many instances, we were unable to match submissions that report intermediate numbers with submissions that report numbers as being received from another carrier, we had to create filters to ensure that numbers were not double counted. Where a Regional Bell Operating Company (RBOC) has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. For ease of comparison, Figures 1 through 4 plot utilization rates only when there were 1,000 or fewer thousands-blocks in a rate center. Some incumbent LECs reported more than 1,000 unique thousands-blocks in a single rate center. The average utilization rates in these instances (where the carrier has more than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center) were the same as the instances where the carrier has just fewer than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center. Therefore, the figures show only the data where the carriers reported up to 1,000 thousands- blocks within a rate center. This allows a linear scale to be used. In some instances, we observed that some CLECs had a large number of thousands-blocks in a single rate center. Although most CLECs do not have enough end-user lines in a rate center to warrant having so many thousands-blocks in that rate center, there are at least two reasons that a CLEC would do so. First, some CLECs provide service to unified messaging services, such as e-fax. 40 These services use large quantities of numbers. 41 Also, VoIP providers generally obtain NANP telephone numbers for their customers by partnering with a local exchange 39 In some instances, more than one carrier reported numbering utilization data for the same NPA-NXX. Tables 1-3 report on the number of unique NPA-NXXs that were reported by each carrier type and by the industry as a whole. 40 Unified messaging services allow end users to receive multiple types of messages (such as voice mail and faxes) at one phone number. Typically, these messages are then digitized and e-mailed to the end user. Because the end user does not need to answer the call personally, the messages can be sent to any phone number in the United States. Thus, unified messaging service providers can operate efficiently by obtaining a large number of thousands blocks in a single rate center. 41 Carriers assigning numbers to unified messaging services are instructed to report numbers as “intermediate” until the numbers are assigned by the unified messaging service providers to end users. Some carriers have assigned large quantities of numbers to unified messaging services but may not have received information back from the unified messaging company as to whether those numbers had been assigned to end users. This may explain why some carriers reported dozens of NXXs in a single rate center, yet classified all those numbers as intermediate rather than assigned. 14 carrier, such as a CLEC, through a commercial arrangement rather than obtaining them directly from a numbering administrator. We invite users of this information to provide suggestions for improved data collection and analysis by using the attached customer response form, e-mailing comments to craig.stroup@fcc.gov, john.vu@fcc.gov, or calling the Industry Analysis and Technology Division at (202) 418-0940 (for TTY, call (202) 418-0484). Table 1 Number Utilization by Carrier Type as of December 31, 2009 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Incumbent LEC 268,113 14,624 3,816 13,446 14,631 252,399 567,030 65,683 Mobile Wireless 288,516 777 1,263 15,237 4,523 122,296 432,613 57,401 CLEC 111,346 8,284 3,862 7,758 1,712 194,606 327,567 52,235 Paging 4,496 615 638 454 218 70,427 76,849 5,823 All Reporting Carriers 672,471 24,301 9,580 36,895 21,083 639,729 1,404,059 141,738 2 Incumbent LEC 47.3% 2.6% 0.7% 2.4% 2.6% 44.5% 100.0% Mobile Wireless 66.7% 0.2% 0.3% 3.5% 1.1% 28.3% 100.0% CLEC 34.0% 2.5% 1.2% 2.4% 0.5% 59.4% 100.0% Paging 5.9% 0.8% 0.8% 0.6% 0.3% 91.6% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 47.9% 1.7% 0.7% 2.6% 1.5% 45.6% 100.0% Table 2 Detail of Number Utilization: Non-rural Carriers (Reported at the Thousands-block Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Incumbent LEC 259,585 13,980 2,918 12,826 14,202 205,840 509,350 59,952 Mobile Wireless 286,579 713 1,149 15,103 4,390 115,747 423,681 56,561 CLEC 110,807 8,247 3,718 7,723 1,638 187,256 319,389 51,531 Paging 4,182 371 555 417 168 64,937 70,630 5,251 All Reporting Carriers 661,152 23,312 8,340 36,068 20,397 573,780 1,323,050 134,149 2 Incumbent LEC 51.0% 2.7% 0.6% 2.5% 2.8% 40.4% 100.0% Mobile Wireless 67.6% 0.2% 0.3% 3.6% 1.0% 27.3% 100.0% CLEC 34.7% 2.6% 1.2% 2.4% 0.5% 58.6% 100.0% Paging 5.9% 0.5% 0.8% 0.6% 0.2% 91.9% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 50.0% 1.8% 0.6% 2.7% 1.5% 43.4% 100.0% Table 3 Detail of Number Utilization: Rural Carriers (Reported at the NXX Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Incumbent LEC 8,528 644 899 621 429 46,559 57,680 5,764 Mobile Wireless 1,937 64 114 134 133 6,549 8,932 884 CLEC 539 36 143 35 74 7,350 8,178 813 Paging 314 244 83 38 50 5,490 6,219 572 All Reporting Carriers 11,319 989 1,239 827 686 65,949 81,009 8,019 2 Incumbent LEC 14.8% 1.1% 1.6% 1.1% 0.7% 80.7% 100.0% Mobile Wireless 21.7% 0.7% 1.3% 1.5% 1.5% 73.3% 100.0% CLEC 6.6% 0.4% 1.8% 0.4% 0.9% 89.9% 100.0% Paging 5.1% 3.9% 1.3% 0.6% 0.8% 88.3% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 14.0% 1.2% 1.5% 1.0% 0.9% 81.4% 100.0% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 06, 2010 (98% of NXXs reported). 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. 2 Unduplicated total. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. Where an RBOC has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. 15 Table 4 Telephone Number Utilization by State as of December 31, 2009 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available 1 Total State/jurisdiction 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s Alabama 9,704 42.6 754 3.3 176 0.8 589 2.6 532 2.3 11,003 48.3 22,758 Alaska 1,545 27.0 73 1.3 146 2.6 69 1.2 24 0.4 3,873 67.6 5,730 American Samoa 27 66.4 0 0.0 1 1.4 0 0.0 1 2.0 12 30.1 40 Arizona 13,542 62.7 68 0.3 207 1.0 757 3.5 281 1.3 6,742 31.2 21,598 Arkansas 5,163 35.8 409 2.8 41 0.3 221 1.5 216 1.5 8,385 58.1 14,435 California 80,655 52.1 2,126 1.4 709 0.5 4,333 2.8 3,273 2.1 63,689 41.1 154,786 Colorado 12,365 58.1 104 0.5 127 0.6 659 3.1 402 1.9 7,633 35.9 21,288 Connecticut 7,945 52.7 329 2.2 93 0.6 347 2.3 198 1.3 6,174 40.9 15,086 Delaware 2,664 56.5 37 0.8 40 0.9 108 2.3 25 0.5 1,843 39.1 4,718 District of Columbia 4,441 74.3 16 0.3 66 1.1 224 3.8 43 0.7 1,185 19.8 5,975 Florida 39,264 54.2 2,470 3.4 546 0.8 3,083 4.3 1,591 2.2 25,431 35.1 72,386 Georgia 19,861 47.8 2,002 4.8 247 0.6 1,367 3.3 964 2.3 17,068 41.1 41,508 Guam 302 42.0 0 0.0 3 0.4 14 2.0 0 0.0 400 55.6 720 Hawaii 2,870 56.4 12 0.2 22 0.4 147 2.9 187 3.7 1,849 36.3 5,088 Idaho 2,975 44.3 123 1.8 52 0.8 149 2.2 198 2.9 3,223 48.0 6,720 Illinois 28,828 45.4 626 1.0 460 0.7 1,409 2.2 660 1.0 31,527 49.6 63,510 Indiana 11,616 41.7 561 2.0 169 0.6 543 1.9 357 1.3 14,611 52.4 27,857 Iowa 7,103 34.9 287 1.4 158 0.8 289 1.4 211 1.0 12,298 60.4 20,344 Kansas 5,413 31.6 528 3.1 141 0.8 248 1.4 181 1.1 10,639 62.0 17,150 Kentucky 8,232 38.3 613 2.9 103 0.5 389 1.8 419 1.9 11,749 54.6 21,506 Louisiana 8,960 40.7 695 3.2 99 0.5 680 3.1 698 3.2 10,859 49.4 21,990 Maine 2,416 38.2 50 0.8 81 1.3 104 1.6 125 2.0 3,548 56.1 6,323 Maryland 15,075 57.6 103 0.4 151 0.6 865 3.3 181 0.7 9,796 37.4 26,171 Massachusetts 20,344 53.0 244 0.6 519 1.4 969 2.5 276 0.7 16,019 41.7 38,372 Michigan 21,070 40.5 390 0.7 301 0.6 1,002 1.9 465 0.9 28,814 55.4 52,041 Minnesota 11,947 42.1 264 0.9 146 0.5 472 1.7 271 1.0 15,291 53.9 28,391 Mississippi 4,869 29.9 372 2.3 96 0.6 329 2.0 374 2.3 10,231 62.9 16,271 Missouri 11,525 38.7 677 2.3 150 0.5 600 2.0 308 1.0 16,485 55.4 29,745 Montana 1,675 26.0 31 0.5 35 0.5 79 1.2 47 0.7 4,569 71.0 6,435 Nebraska 3,655 34.5 119 1.1 34 0.3 114 1.1 96 0.9 6,567 62.0 10,586 Nevada 5,748 59.3 118 1.2 29 0.3 425 4.4 113 1.2 3,253 33.6 9,687 New Hampshire 3,186 43.6 12 0.2 97 1.3 142 1.9 62 0.8 3,810 52.1 7,309 New Jersey 21,801 53.3 272 0.7 239 0.6 1,142 2.8 294 0.7 17,137 41.9 40,884 New Mexico 3,738 47.5 60 0.8 77 1.0 213 2.7 110 1.4 3,671 46.7 7,869 New York 45,888 57.4 642 0.8 734 0.9 2,522 3.2 643 0.8 29,493 36.9 79,920 North Carolina 18,788 48.6 1,318 3.4 207 0.5 1,220 3.2 828 2.1 16,284 42.1 38,644 North Dakota 1,224 21.0 31 0.5 8 0.1 33 0.6 74 1.3 4,450 76.5 5,820 Northern Marianas Is 64 24.6 0 0.0 17 6.6 2 0.8 0 0.0 176 67.9 260 Ohio 23,596 45.6 1,196 2.3 174 0.3 1,202 2.3 589 1.1 24,965 48.3 51,722 Oklahoma 6,679 34.4 629 3.2 40 0.2 335 1.7 221 1.1 11,499 59.3 19,402 Oregon 7,833 50.7 125 0.8 149 1.0 371 2.4 242 1.6 6,718 43.5 15,438 Pennsylvania 28,413 48.3 466 0.8 877 1.5 1,507 2.6 405 0.7 27,172 46.2 58,839 Puerto Rico 4,585 57.3 64 0.8 96 1.2 183 2.3 86 1.1 2,992 37.4 8,006 Rhode Island 3,087 59.5 30 0.6 49 0.9 98 1.9 25 0.5 1,902 36.6 5,191 South Carolina 8,656 46.6 745 4.0 142 0.8 547 2.9 578 3.1 7,904 42.6 18,571 South Dakota 1,431 24.2 28 0.5 14 0.2 56 0.9 51 0.9 4,323 73.2 5,902 Tennessee 13,004 49.0 1,000 3.8 174 0.7 840 3.2 580 2.2 10,921 41.2 26,520 Texas 50,587 45.8 2,755 2.5 580 0.5 3,073 2.8 2,179 2.0 51,183 46.4 110,358 Utah 6,448 56.6 61 0.5 61 0.5 264 2.3 174 1.5 4,379 38.5 11,389 Vermont 2,111 39.2 77 1.4 80 1.5 35 0.6 60 1.1 3,016 56.1 5,379 Virgin Islands 170 47.1 15 4.3 32 9.0 53 14.8 2 0.5 87 24.3 360 Virginia 18,915 59.8 40 0.1 238 0.8 1,102 3.5 259 0.8 11,086 35.0 31,641 Washington 15,921 57.3 80 0.3 116 0.4 762 2.7 499 1.8 10,411 37.5 27,789 West Virginia 2,904 41.4 117 1.7 51 0.7 118 1.7 72 1.0 3,762 53.6 7,024 Wisconsin 10,565 39.0 325 1.2 169 0.6 408 1.5 279 1.0 15,312 56.6 27,058 Wyoming 1,080 30.4 16 0.5 7 0.2 82 2.3 55 1.5 2,311 65.1 3,551 Totals 672,472 47.9 24,301 1.7 9,580 0.7 36,895 2.6 21,083 1.5 639,730 45.6 1,404,061 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 06, 2010. 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. 16 Table 5 Number of Carriers Reporting Numbering Resources as of December 31, 2009 1 Paging Unduplicated State/jurisdiction Incumbent LEC 2 Mobile Wireless 2 CLEC 2 Carriers 2 Total Carriers Alabama 32 20 34 9 95 Alaska 22 15 3 0 40 American Samoa 0 1 0 0 1 Arizona 17 13 31 5 66 Arkansas 32 10 20 5 67 California 24 17 66 12 118 Colorado 34 18 32 5 90 Connecticut 3 7 25 3 37 Delaware 1 7 25 5 38 District of Columbia 1 6 29 4 40 Florida 14 18 60 7 98 Georgia 36 19 54 8 117 Guam 2 4 1 0 7 Hawaii 2 6 8 1 17 Idaho 24 15 24 6 69 Illinois 57 17 52 5 131 Indiana 43 17 44 4 108 Iowa 158 17 66 3 244 Kansas 47 15 32 4 98 Kentucky 21 19 47 2 89 Louisiana 22 16 34 5 77 Maine 22 7 24 3 56 Maryland 2 9 44 4 59 Massachusetts 5 9 33 3 50 Michigan 40 19 50 5 113 Minnesota 95 15 63 2 175 Mississippi 19 16 30 6 71 Missouri 47 15 36 7 105 Montana 21 9 17 0 47 Nebraska 48 16 23 2 89 Nevada 13 11 29 4 57 New Hampshire 12 9 22 4 47 New Jersey 3 10 50 4 67 New Mexico 18 16 24 4 62 New York 40 9 54 5 108 North Carolina 30 14 43 6 92 North Dakota 34 9 18 1 62 Northern Marianas Is 1 2 0 0 3 Ohio 43 21 53 2 117 Oklahoma 45 17 27 2 91 Oregon 35 10 38 3 86 Pennsylvania 39 23 60 7 128 Puerto Rico 1 7 6 1 15 Rhode Island 1 6 16 3 26 South Carolina 27 12 39 3 80 South Dakota 47 10 20 1 78 Tennessee 28 17 42 4 91 Texas 65 35 76 13 188 Utah 18 15 23 2 58 Vermont 10 6 14 3 33 Virgin Islands 1 4 0 0 5 Virginia 20 14 55 5 93 Washington 28 12 46 6 92 West Virginia 7 14 22 5 48 Wisconsin 90 20 44 7 161 Wyoming 15 15 13 0 43 Unduplicated Totals 1,383 331 1,581 81 3,366 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 06, 2010. 1 Company numbers determined by counting operating company numbers (OCNs). Carriers typically obtain at least one OCN per state in which they do business. Thus, carriers with multiple OCNs are counted multiple times. An exception was made for those RBOCs that have acquired a company with CLEC operations within their operating areas. Although the acquired CLEC's numbers have been treated as incumbent LEC numbers throughout this report, the acquired CLEC's OCN was not counted as an incumbent LEC OCN in-region. Where the acquired CLEC operates outside of the acquiring RBOC's operating area, the CLEC's OCN was counted as a CLEC. 2 Carriers occasionally misclassify the type of service that they provide. For instance, the CLEC operations of incumbent LECs are occasionally classified as incumbent LEC operations. 17 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2009 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 201 New Jersey January-47 57.5% 0.5% 0.6% 3.1% 0.8% 37.5% 47 202 District of Columbia January-47 74.3% 0.3% 1.1% 3.8% 0.7% 19.8% 42 203 Connecticut January-47 55.3% 2.8% 0.7% 2.5% 1.6% 37.1% 37 205 Alabama January-47 49.4% 3.6% 1.0% 2.9% 2.7% 40.4% 45 206 Washington January-47 65.1% 0.2% 0.3% 3.0% 2.1% 29.3% 38 207 Maine January-47 38.2% 0.8% 1.3% 1.6% 2.0% 56.1% 56 208 Idaho January-47 44.3% 1.8% 0.8% 2.2% 2.9% 48.0% 69 209 California January-58 47.3% 1.3% 0.4% 2.1% 2.3% 46.6% 47 210 Texas November-92 63.9% 4.0% 0.7% 3.9% 1.3% 26.1% 36 212 New York January-47 74.4% 0.0% 1.5% 3.7% 1.4% 19.0% 30 213 California January-47 42.5% 0.5% 0.6% 4.2% 2.1% 50.1% 57 214 Texas January-47 64.2% 0.6% 0.3% 3.0% 2.6% 29.4% 52 215 Pennsylvania January-47 60.1% 0.4% 1.5% 3.2% 0.9% 33.9% 45 216 Ohio January-47 51.3% 0.6% 0.4% 3.6% 1.2% 42.8% 33 217 Illinois January-47 32.5% 1.3% 0.3% 1.1% 1.2% 63.6% 49 218 Minnesota January-47 23.3% 2.2% 0.6% 1.0% 0.7% 72.2% 71 219 Indiana January-47 44.0% 2.0% 1.0% 2.1% 1.3% 49.6% 34 224 Illinois January-02 50.7% 1.5% 1.9% 3.0% 1.4% 41.5% 31 225 Louisiana August-98 48.9% 3.8% 0.4% 3.8% 3.4% 39.7% 38 228 Mississippi September-97 32.6% 1.3% 0.5% 2.3% 2.8% 60.5% 32 229 Georgia August-00 28.8% 6.0% 0.4% 1.9% 1.5% 61.4% 41 231 Michigan June-99 26.9% 0.9% 0.6% 1.2% 0.8% 69.8% 43 234 Ohio October-00 25.3% 7.0% 0.1% 1.7% 0.6% 65.3% 16 239 Florida March-02 55.4% 0.2% 0.4% 4.8% 0.6% 38.5% 28 240 Maryland June-97 57.3% 0.7% 0.3% 4.2% 0.4% 37.2% 48 248 Michigan May-97 50.8% 0.7% 0.4% 2.5% 1.0% 44.6% 44 251 Alabama June-01 40.4% 2.9% 0.7% 3.0% 3.2% 49.8% 41 252 North Carolina March-98 39.5% 1.3% 0.1% 3.6% 0.6% 54.9% 37 253 Washington April-97 60.9% 0.2% 0.4% 3.3% 1.3% 33.9% 36 254 Texas May-97 32.8% 2.0% 1.9% 2.2% 2.6% 58.6% 44 256 Alabama March-98 46.8% 3.3% 0.9% 2.3% 1.7% 45.0% 45 260 Indiana January-02 39.9% 2.2% 0.7% 1.3% 1.6% 54.3% 33 262 Wisconsin September-99 41.5% 1.4% 0.5% 1.7% 0.6% 54.4% 42 267 Pennsylvania July-99 42.7% 0.5% 0.6% 4.2% 0.4% 51.7% 46 269 Michigan July-02 36.4% 0.8% 0.7% 1.8% 1.2% 59.1% 53 270 Kentucky April-99 33.4% 3.0% 0.3% 1.3% 0.9% 61.0% 52 276 Virginia September-01 35.8% 0.2% 0.3% 3.1% 0.8% 59.8% 39 281 Texas November-96 52.6% 2.8% 0.4% 3.5% 1.3% 39.4% 47 301 Maryland January-47 60.0% 0.3% 0.5% 2.5% 0.9% 35.8% 47 302 Delaware January-47 56.5% 0.8% 0.9% 2.3% 0.5% 39.1% 40 303 Colorado January-47 66.1% 0.2% 0.5% 2.9% 2.6% 27.7% 39 304 West Virginia January-47 41.6% 1.7% 0.7% 1.7% 1.0% 53.2% 48 305 Florida January-47 56.2% 6.0% 0.5% 4.9% 2.7% 29.6% 40 307 Wyoming January-47 30.4% 0.5% 0.2% 2.3% 1.5% 65.1% 43 308 Nebraska January-55 17.0% 1.0% 0.4% 0.8% 1.1% 79.8% 50 309 Illinois January-57 30.7% 0.9% 0.6% 1.3% 1.4% 65.1% 56 310 California November-91 63.5% 0.7% 0.6% 3.0% 2.3% 29.9% 51 312 Illinois January-47 55.8% 1.3% 0.6% 2.4% 1.3% 38.7% 38 313 Michigan January-47 47.5% 1.3% 0.3% 3.1% 0.7% 47.1% 38 314 Missouri January-47 58.2% 2.9% 0.5% 3.0% 1.5% 33.9% 30 315 New York January-47 41.0% 1.5% 1.0% 1.7% 0.6% 54.3% 45 316 Kansas January-47 48.2% 3.3% 0.7% 1.9% 1.6% 44.3% 29 317 Indiana January-47 54.9% 2.2% 0.6% 2.8% 1.3% 38.2% 40 318 Louisiana January-57 35.5% 2.6% 0.2% 2.8% 3.9% 55.0% 44 319 Iowa January-47 41.9% 1.7% 0.3% 1.8% 1.6% 52.7% 65 18 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2009 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 320 Minnesota March-96 25.6% 1.5% 0.5% 1.1% 0.4% 70.8% 66 321 Florida November-99 58.0% 4.1% 0.7% 4.2% 1.1% 31.8% 44 323 California June-98 54.5% 0.6% 0.3% 4.4% 2.2% 38.1% 54 325 Texas April-03 29.3% 1.0% 1.0% 1.9% 1.8% 64.9% 38 330 Ohio March-96 46.7% 1.7% 0.2% 2.3% 1.0% 48.1% 43 331 Illinois October-07 33.6% 2.5% 6.4% 3.6% 0.7% 53.1% 22 334 Alabama January-95 31.9% 3.3% 0.4% 2.4% 1.9% 60.2% 63 336 North Carolina December-97 48.9% 4.0% 0.4% 3.0% 1.7% 42.1% 55 337 Louisiana October-99 36.6% 2.9% 0.5% 2.0% 2.2% 55.9% 44 339 Massachusetts May-01 40.5% 2.6% 1.0% 1.3% 0.8% 53.8% 19 340 Virgin Islands June-97 47.1% 4.3% 9.0% 14.8% 0.5% 24.3% 5 347 New York October-99 72.2% 2.0% 0.3% 5.9% 0.7% 18.8% 35 351 Massachusetts May-01 26.1% 0.0% 0.0% 2.3% 0.1% 71.5% 1 352 Florida December-95 48.4% 2.1% 0.1% 3.8% 1.6% 43.9% 40 360 Washington January-95 52.3% 0.3% 0.4% 2.5% 1.6% 42.8% 64 361 Texas February-99 26.1% 2.3% 0.2% 1.7% 1.4% 68.4% 39 385 Utah March-09 35.3% 0.0% 2.5% 0.0% 1.3% 60.9% 4 386 Florida February-01 46.1% 4.8% 0.3% 3.0% 1.0% 44.8% 40 401 Rhode Island January-47 59.5% 0.6% 0.9% 1.9% 0.5% 36.6% 27 402 Nebraska January-47 42.3% 1.2% 0.3% 1.2% 0.8% 54.1% 59 404 Georgia January-47 62.6% 5.2% 0.5% 3.5% 3.7% 24.5% 41 405 Oklahoma January-47 47.2% 3.9% 0.2% 2.3% 1.2% 45.1% 44 406 Montana January-47 26.0% 0.5% 0.5% 1.2% 0.7% 71.0% 47 407 Florida April-88 54.3% 4.0% 0.6% 4.7% 1.8% 34.6% 43 408 California January-59 58.9% 1.9% 0.4% 2.4% 1.5% 34.8% 49 409 Texas November-82 32.9% 5.6% 0.3% 2.1% 1.4% 57.6% 39 410 Maryland October-91 60.0% 0.3% 1.0% 3.1% 0.9% 34.7% 41 412 Pennsylvania January-47 50.3% 0.4% 1.4% 3.0% 1.0% 44.0% 37 413 Massachusetts January-47 55.4% 1.1% 1.1% 1.9% 0.5% 40.0% 35 414 Wisconsin January-47 56.6% 1.3% 0.3% 2.7% 1.3% 37.8% 29 415 California January-47 54.5% 1.3% 0.3% 2.5% 1.6% 39.7% 52 417 Missouri January-50 31.7% 3.0% 0.4% 1.5% 1.1% 62.3% 49 419 Ohio January-47 36.0% 5.3% 0.5% 1.8% 1.5% 55.0% 66 423 Tennessee September-95 47.1% 2.8% 0.7% 3.6% 1.4% 44.5% 52 424 California August-06 43.6% 3.6% 0.6% 4.0% 0.4% 47.8% 41 425 Washington April-97 63.6% 0.2% 0.4% 2.5% 2.6% 30.7% 36 430 Texas February-03 9.7% 39.5% 7.9% 0.2% 3.4% 39.3% 12 432 Texas April-03 31.6% 2.9% 0.4% 5.6% 1.4% 58.0% 28 434 Virginia June-01 47.7% 0.5% 0.8% 3.8% 0.7% 46.5% 33 435 Utah September-97 30.3% 0.3% 0.6% 1.3% 1.1% 66.4% 55 440 Ohio August-97 47.6% 1.9% 0.5% 2.2% 0.6% 47.1% 43 442 California November-09 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 1 443 Maryland June-97 52.2% 0.4% 0.4% 4.0% 0.3% 42.7% 45 469 Texas July-99 56.4% 1.0% 0.5% 2.8% 1.1% 38.1% 45 475 Connecticut December-09 10.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 90.0% 1 478 Georgia August-00 39.0% 4.3% 0.3% 3.3% 2.4% 50.6% 45 479 Arkansas January-02 41.1% 2.8% 0.5% 1.7% 1.2% 52.7% 38 480 Arizona March-99 74.9% 0.3% 0.8% 4.1% 1.4% 18.4% 34 484 Pennsylvania June-99 41.4% 1.1% 2.0% 2.1% 0.2% 53.2% 53 501 Arkansas January-47 45.9% 3.4% 0.2% 1.8% 2.8% 45.8% 36 502 Kentucky January-47 49.2% 5.1% 0.4% 2.6% 2.7% 40.0% 33 503 Oregon January-47 60.6% 0.6% 0.5% 2.8% 1.9% 33.6% 54 504 Louisiana January-47 48.6% 4.1% 0.4% 4.2% 3.7% 39.0% 33 505 New Mexico January-47 59.9% 0.4% 1.1% 3.3% 1.8% 33.4% 37 507 Minnesota January-54 22.9% 0.9% 0.7% 0.8% 0.6% 74.0% 82 19 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2009 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 508 Massachusetts July-88 59.2% 0.5% 1.9% 2.6% 1.0% 34.7% 40 509 Washington January-57 48.3% 0.5% 0.5% 2.6% 1.4% 46.7% 56 510 California September-91 50.7% 2.1% 0.3% 2.7% 1.9% 42.3% 43 512 Texas January-47 59.8% 3.3% 0.7% 2.6% 2.1% 31.6% 46 513 Ohio January-47 58.8% 0.8% 0.3% 2.9% 1.3% 36.0% 33 515 Iowa January-47 52.0% 1.2% 0.7% 1.6% 2.1% 42.3% 55 516 New York January-51 58.0% 0.3% 0.6% 3.0% 0.9% 37.2% 41 517 Michigan January-47 38.4% 0.6% 0.9% 1.8% 1.0% 57.4% 62 518 New York January-47 48.7% 1.5% 1.2% 2.7% 0.8% 45.1% 46 520 Arizona March-95 60.2% 0.3% 0.6% 3.3% 1.3% 34.3% 44 530 California November-97 42.0% 1.7% 0.3% 1.6% 1.4% 53.0% 55 540 Virginia July-95 52.1% 0.2% 0.7% 3.0% 1.2% 42.9% 53 541 Oregon November-95 39.5% 0.9% 1.4% 1.9% 1.2% 55.1% 59 551 New Jersey December-01 75.3% 1.1% 0.6% 3.2% 0.4% 19.4% 17 559 California November-98 46.4% 2.0% 0.5% 2.7% 2.2% 46.1% 39 561 Florida May-96 58.2% 5.0% 0.7% 5.2% 2.5% 28.4% 41 562 California January-97 50.4% 0.3% 0.5% 3.2% 3.0% 42.6% 53 563 Iowa March-01 37.1% 1.4% 0.2% 1.9% 0.7% 58.7% 56 567 Ohio January-02 18.3% 4.5% 0.2% 0.8% 0.3% 75.9% 34 570 Pennsylvania December-98 42.2% 1.3% 2.8% 2.3% 0.7% 50.7% 54 571 Virginia March-00 67.6% 0.0% 1.1% 3.7% 0.5% 27.2% 38 573 Missouri January-96 30.7% 1.3% 0.4% 1.5% 0.6% 65.5% 44 574 Indiana January-02 41.7% 2.5% 0.4% 1.6% 1.1% 52.7% 38 575 New Mexico October-07 31.2% 1.2% 0.8% 1.9% 0.8% 64.1% 45 580 Oklahoma November-97 18.1% 2.5% 0.1% 1.0% 1.0% 77.2% 48 585 New York November-01 50.3% 1.3% 3.3% 1.8% 0.5% 42.7% 35 586 Michigan September-01 43.4% 0.5% 0.4% 2.2% 0.5% 52.9% 37 601 Mississippi January-47 32.4% 2.5% 0.6% 2.3% 2.9% 59.3% 48 602 Arizona January-47 64.8% 0.3% 0.7% 3.9% 1.2% 29.0% 34 603 New Hampshire January-47 43.6% 0.2% 1.3% 1.9% 0.8% 52.1% 47 605 South Dakota January-47 24.2% 0.5% 0.2% 0.9% 0.9% 73.2% 78 606 Kentucky January-55 28.4% 1.4% 0.6% 1.5% 2.9% 65.1% 41 607 New York January-54 38.4% 1.5% 0.5% 1.3% 0.3% 58.0% 31 608 Wisconsin January-55 41.5% 0.7% 0.9% 1.4% 1.2% 54.3% 73 609 New Jersey January-57 54.7% 0.7% 0.4% 2.4% 0.6% 41.2% 43 610 Pennsylvania January-94 57.1% 0.2% 2.7% 2.2% 0.7% 37.1% 55 612 Minnesota January-47 63.9% 0.4% 0.2% 2.4% 1.7% 31.4% 40 614 Ohio January-47 56.7% 1.7% 0.4% 2.9% 1.8% 36.4% 35 615 Tennessee January-54 54.8% 4.8% 0.6% 3.6% 2.6% 33.7% 41 616 Michigan January-47 50.1% 0.7% 0.6% 2.1% 0.7% 45.8% 45 617 Massachusetts January-47 63.0% 0.2% 1.9% 2.7% 1.0% 31.1% 37 618 Illinois January-47 34.2% 0.8% 0.7% 1.5% 1.3% 61.5% 55 619 California January-82 56.8% 1.1% 0.3% 3.2% 2.3% 36.2% 51 620 Kansas February-01 18.6% 3.3% 0.9% 1.0% 0.3% 75.9% 63 623 Arizona March-99 71.5% 0.4% 0.7% 4.5% 2.2% 20.7% 31 626 California June-97 53.5% 0.6% 0.4% 3.0% 2.0% 40.5% 53 630 Illinois August-96 51.3% 1.3% 1.3% 2.5% 0.9% 42.8% 34 631 New York November-99 52.3% 0.3% 0.4% 3.3% 0.5% 43.2% 39 636 Missouri May-99 39.8% 2.0% 0.9% 2.0% 0.7% 54.6% 29 641 Iowa July-00 27.5% 1.4% 0.2% 0.9% 0.4% 69.6% 64 646 New York July-99 79.8% 0.6% 0.3% 4.3% 0.8% 14.2% 42 650 California August-97 47.1% 2.6% 0.3% 2.2% 1.3% 46.5% 43 651 Minnesota July-98 66.2% 0.3% 0.6% 2.4% 1.3% 29.1% 46 657 California September-08 27.6% 5.3% 7.3% 0.6% 0.0% 59.2% 17 660 Missouri October-97 15.1% 1.2% 0.6% 1.0% 0.5% 81.5% 48 661 California February-99 50.0% 1.4% 0.4% 2.5% 2.4% 43.4% 55 662 Mississippi April-99 26.7% 2.5% 0.6% 1.7% 1.5% 67.1% 54 670 Northern Mariana Is. July-97 24.6% 0.0% 6.6% 0.8% 0.0% 67.9% 3 671 Guam July-97 42.0% 0.0% 0.4% 2.0% 0.0% 55.6% 7 678 Georgia January-98 52.5% 2.7% 1.2% 5.5% 1.6% 36.5% 55 20 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2009 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 681 West Virginia March-09 1.9% 0.0% 0.4% 0.1% 0.2% 97.4% 6 682 Texas October-00 52.0% 2.5% 0.4% 2.8% 2.6% 39.8% 33 684 American Samoa October-04 66.4% 0.0% 1.4% 0.0% 2.0% 30.1% 1 701 North Dakota January-47 21.0% 0.5% 0.1% 0.6% 1.3% 76.5% 62 702 Nevada January-47 68.5% 1.0% 0.3% 5.9% 0.9% 23.4% 37 703 Virginia January-47 70.1% 0.0% 0.6% 3.0% 0.6% 25.7% 41 704 North Carolina January-47 54.4% 4.9% 0.5% 3.2% 2.7% 34.3% 47 706 Georgia May-92 43.9% 2.9% 0.6% 2.5% 1.9% 48.2% 80 707 California January-59 45.1% 2.7% 0.3% 1.7% 1.8% 48.3% 47 708 Illinois November-89 42.2% 0.6% 1.0% 2.3% 0.9% 52.9% 34 712 Iowa January-47 18.6% 1.3% 2.1% 1.1% 0.4% 76.5% 102 713 Texas January-47 59.7% 2.9% 0.6% 2.4% 1.1% 33.3% 43 714 California January-51 57.6% 0.6% 0.5% 3.3% 2.5% 35.6% 56 715 Wisconsin January-47 28.0% 1.0% 0.5% 1.0% 0.9% 68.6% 91 716 New York January-47 52.4% 1.5% 1.1% 3.0% 0.9% 41.2% 35 717 Pennsylvania January-47 55.5% 1.1% 1.2% 2.2% 0.9% 39.2% 45 718 New York September-84 63.7% 0.2% 0.9% 4.9% 1.4% 29.0% 35 719 Colorado March-88 49.6% 0.4% 1.0% 3.4% 1.5% 44.2% 51 720 Colorado June-98 73.6% 1.0% 0.9% 4.0% 1.6% 19.0% 31 724 Pennsylvania February-98 38.9% 1.3% 0.6% 2.6% 0.6% 56.1% 60 727 Florida July-98 58.7% 0.8% 0.9% 3.7% 3.0% 32.9% 38 731 Tennessee February-01 31.4% 2.9% 0.5% 2.1% 1.7% 61.5% 36 732 New Jersey June-97 54.3% 0.7% 0.6% 2.7% 0.6% 41.2% 38 734 Michigan December-97 46.3% 0.5% 0.6% 1.8% 0.6% 50.1% 50 740 Ohio December-97 35.9% 2.6% 0.2% 1.7% 1.0% 58.6% 49 747 California May-09 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 80.0% 1 754 Florida August-01 62.9% 1.8% 0.1% 3.1% 1.4% 30.8% 12 757 Virginia July-96 64.2% 0.0% 0.8% 3.6% 0.8% 30.5% 30 760 California March-97 52.0% 1.4% 0.5% 2.8% 2.5% 40.9% 66 762 Georgia May-06 8.4% 6.6% 0.3% 0.2% 0.0% 84.5% 15 763 Minnesota February-00 60.4% 0.2% 0.4% 2.7% 1.2% 35.1% 49 765 Indiana February-97 31.6% 2.1% 0.3% 1.3% 0.9% 63.8% 58 769 Mississippi March-05 19.6% 1.1% 0.5% 1.7% 1.4% 75.7% 17 770 Georgia August-95 54.6% 8.4% 0.3% 2.8% 2.3% 31.6% 43 772 Florida February-02 52.5% 3.9% 0.3% 3.7% 3.7% 35.9% 36 773 Illinois October-96 52.6% 0.6% 0.2% 4.5% 0.7% 41.4% 35 774 Massachusetts May-01 35.5% 1.7% 0.8% 1.7% 0.6% 59.7% 34 775 Nevada December-98 43.3% 1.7% 0.3% 1.7% 1.7% 51.3% 46 779 Illinois March-07 36.1% 0.6% 8.3% 4.2% 0.3% 50.5% 22 781 Massachusetts September-97 47.1% 0.3% 0.9% 2.6% 0.5% 48.5% 36 785 Kansas July-97 22.9% 3.5% 0.9% 1.0% 1.1% 70.7% 59 786 Florida March-98 66.9% 1.3% 0.9% 6.0% 2.4% 22.5% 41 787 Puerto Rico March-96 58.6% 0.8% 1.2% 2.3% 1.1% 36.0% 15 801 Utah January-47 69.7% 0.7% 0.5% 2.8% 1.7% 24.6% 31 802 Vermont January-47 39.2% 1.4% 1.5% 0.6% 1.1% 56.1% 33 803 South Carolina January-47 47.3% 5.1% 0.6% 2.7% 3.8% 40.4% 60 804 Virginia June-73 60.2% 0.1% 1.1% 4.5% 1.0% 33.2% 33 805 California January-57 48.4% 1.0% 0.5% 2.1% 2.5% 45.5% 61 806 Texas January-57 24.5% 2.4% 0.2% 3.3% 1.6% 68.0% 51 808 Hawaii January-57 56.4% 0.2% 0.4% 2.9% 3.7% 36.3% 17 810 Michigan December-93 37.7% 0.5% 0.9% 1.9% 2.0% 57.0% 40 812 Indiana January-47 36.9% 1.4% 0.8% 2.0% 1.5% 57.2% 57 813 Florida January-53 60.9% 0.8% 0.9% 3.6% 2.5% 31.2% 41 814 Pennsylvania January-47 40.5% 1.1% 0.4% 1.3% 0.7% 56.0% 52 815 Illinois January-47 42.4% 1.2% 0.7% 1.5% 1.1% 53.2% 64 816 Missouri January-47 48.1% 2.9% 0.4% 2.6% 1.4% 44.7% 44 817 Texas January-53 50.7% 1.4% 0.4% 2.4% 2.8% 42.3% 49 818 California January-84 56.7% 0.9% 0.6% 3.2% 1.9% 36.7% 53 828 North Carolina March-98 43.2% 2.9% 0.7% 2.5% 2.5% 48.2% 46 830 Texas July-97 21.4% 1.2% 0.2% 1.2% 0.8% 75.1% 51 21 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2009 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 831 California July-98 44.6% 2.4% 0.6% 1.9% 1.9% 48.5% 40 832 Texas January-99 62.1% 0.6% 0.4% 4.8% 1.2% 30.8% 41 843 South Carolina March-98 44.7% 2.9% 0.3% 3.0% 3.0% 46.1% 49 845 New York June-00 48.0% 1.0% 1.0% 2.7% 0.9% 46.4% 48 847 Illinois January-96 58.5% 0.8% 0.5% 2.0% 0.7% 37.5% 35 848 New Jersey December-01 48.2% 0.8% 0.1% 2.9% 0.5% 47.6% 21 850 Florida June-97 41.2% 4.3% 1.8% 4.0% 1.8% 47.0% 52 856 New Jersey June-99 46.8% 0.8% 0.5% 2.8% 0.5% 48.6% 41 857 Massachusetts May-01 44.9% 0.3% 0.2% 3.4% 1.0% 50.2% 29 858 California June-99 55.5% 2.2% 0.5% 2.8% 2.2% 36.8% 42 859 Kentucky April-00 44.9% 1.7% 0.7% 2.0% 1.6% 49.1% 44 860 Connecticut August-95 50.0% 1.6% 0.5% 2.1% 1.0% 44.9% 33 862 New Jersey December-01 53.2% 1.5% 0.7% 4.0% 0.8% 39.7% 32 863 Florida September-99 43.7% 0.7% 1.1% 3.1% 2.0% 49.3% 38 864 South Carolina December-95 48.2% 4.1% 1.5% 3.2% 2.4% 40.7% 40 865 Tennessee November-99 53.1% 5.3% 0.7% 3.0% 2.3% 35.6% 34 870 Arkansas April-97 25.3% 2.4% 0.2% 1.2% 0.7% 70.2% 45 872 Illinois November-09 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% 98.8% 4 901 Tennessee January-47 60.3% 4.2% 0.6% 4.1% 3.6% 27.1% 32 903 Texas November-90 36.5% 4.2% 0.7% 2.2% 2.4% 54.0% 62 904 Florida July-65 55.4% 4.9% 0.6% 3.9% 2.8% 32.4% 40 906 Michigan March-61 17.3% 0.5% 0.3% 0.5% 0.2% 81.1% 24 907 Alaska January-57 27.0% 1.3% 2.6% 1.2% 0.4% 67.6% 40 908 New Jersey November-90 46.3% 0.7% 0.5% 2.2% 1.0% 49.3% 42 909 California November-92 53.7% 1.2% 0.7% 3.5% 2.7% 38.2% 54 910 North Carolina November-93 44.3% 2.4% 0.9% 3.6% 1.9% 46.9% 43 912 Georgia January-54 39.1% 4.0% 0.5% 2.9% 2.9% 50.6% 53 913 Kansas January-47 53.6% 1.9% 0.6% 2.6% 1.9% 39.3% 41 914 New York January-47 51.7% 0.3% 0.8% 2.9% 0.8% 43.6% 42 915 Texas January-47 56.7% 2.0% 0.2% 4.7% 6.0% 30.4% 29 916 California January-47 55.9% 1.0% 0.4% 2.8% 2.4% 37.4% 51 917 New York January-92 58.2% 0.3% 0.2% 1.8% 0.3% 39.2% 32 918 Oklahoma January-53 38.6% 3.3% 0.2% 1.9% 1.2% 54.8% 64 919 North Carolina January-54 55.8% 4.1% 0.6% 3.0% 2.7% 33.8% 41 920 Wisconsin July-97 35.3% 1.6% 0.9% 1.2% 1.2% 59.8% 66 925 California March-98 43.3% 2.3% 0.4% 2.1% 2.1% 49.9% 41 928 Arizona June-01 45.0% 0.3% 2.0% 1.9% 0.9% 49.9% 50 931 Tennessee September-97 38.9% 2.2% 0.9% 1.8% 1.4% 54.8% 46 936 Texas February-00 29.5% 2.3% 0.2% 1.4% 0.9% 65.6% 38 937 Ohio September-96 41.5% 2.4% 0.3% 1.8% 0.8% 53.2% 44 938 Alabama July-10 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 1 939 Puerto Rico September-01 41.7% 1.3% 1.3% 2.2% 0.7% 52.8% 9 940 Texas May-97 28.0% 2.1% 0.3% 2.3% 4.4% 62.9% 55 941 Florida May-95 54.1% 0.7% 0.9% 4.0% 2.1% 38.1% 41 947 Michigan September-02 91.6% 3.1% 0.0% 2.7% 0.1% 2.5% 6 949 California April-98 55.5% 1.3% 0.6% 2.9% 1.8% 37.8% 50 951 California July-04 59.8% 1.4% 0.7% 3.9% 2.8% 31.4% 50 952 Minnesota February-00 57.4% 0.2% 0.3% 2.2% 1.1% 38.8% 44 954 Florida September-95 56.9% 5.8% 0.7% 4.6% 2.8% 29.2% 41 956 Texas July-97 47.7% 3.0% 0.1% 4.3% 2.8% 42.2% 33 970 Colorado April-95 42.8% 0.6% 0.3% 2.5% 1.4% 52.3% 62 971 Oregon October-00 55.3% 2.6% 1.8% 3.1% 0.9% 36.2% 28 972 Texas September-96 52.7% 1.7% 0.7% 2.3% 2.1% 40.5% 48 973 New Jersey June-97 56.3% 0.5% 0.9% 3.2% 0.7% 38.4% 45 978 Massachusetts September-97 47.8% 0.7% 1.1% 2.7% 0.6% 47.0% 40 979 Texas February-00 28.0% 1.8% 0.4% 1.4% 1.7% 66.7% 41 980 North Carolina April-01 49.3% 1.9% 1.9% 2.1% 5.4% 39.4% 24 985 Louisiana February-01 37.3% 2.7% 0.8% 3.0% 2.5% 53.7% 39 989 Michigan April-01 27.8% 0.7% 0.7% 1.1% 1.2% 68.5% 52 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 06, 2010. Area code information is from NeuStar, Inc.'s website. 22 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2009 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Mobile Wireless Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 201 2,511 159 1,817 38 1,586 62 428 6 202 3,183 140 666 32 1,236 83 140 6 203 2,563 116 2,159 28 1,712 77 322 7 205 1,659 113 1,635 31 1,606 81 650 12 206 2,253 106 1,190 31 1,423 62 112 5 207 1,281 68 2,800 46 1,105 36 591 7 208 1,710 90 2,251 48 1,261 59 752 15 209 1,465 53 1,815 33 1,242 68 499 9 210 1,957 96 974 25 1,793 132 234 7 212 5,624 278 1,453 25 66 3 0 5 213 1,123 126 982 43 657 50 476 6 214 2,341 103 1,364 41 2,447 124 147 6 215 3,297 190 1,643 35 1,403 63 319 7 216 1,404 80 1,165 24 1,009 92 405 7 217 1,018 28 3,382 37 1,008 38 521 10 218 678 28 3,075 60 586 29 834 9 219 661 26 1,076 21 685 38 273 9 224 336 10 468 24 518 41 231 7 225 859 87 725 27 771 40 411 9 228 366 27 866 19 369 24 344 9 229 628 31 1,417 27 676 57 1,233 11 231 607 26 2,156 31 551 24 569 10 234 29 2 91 12 37 2 81 4 239 963 111 587 18 783 42 412 7 240 1,148 94 1,210 37 1,257 82 345 8 248 1,989 126 2,354 36 1,478 44 303 6 251 634 51 1,036 29 689 46 473 9 252 1,146 114 2,116 24 923 76 654 12 253 1,526 81 1,144 29 941 54 123 5 254 637 50 1,821 28 740 43 546 12 256 1,284 68 1,736 30 1,842 86 1,108 11 260 665 22 1,086 22 578 19 520 8 262 1,213 53 1,890 30 775 30 334 9 267 1,063 120 2,146 38 1,284 107 703 7 269 740 36 1,551 35 680 36 510 14 270 1,333 50 3,235 38 972 41 928 12 276 376 43 946 25 352 20 268 12 281 2,606 192 2,451 36 1,485 83 131 6 301 3,227 144 1,926 37 1,321 44 216 7 302 1,792 62 1,395 28 856 44 211 7 303 3,672 180 1,641 28 1,465 46 42 7 304 1,430 42 2,977 29 1,465 75 693 14 305 2,550 219 1,017 28 1,391 76 119 6 307 552 31 1,302 28 527 51 1,010 15 308 241 16 1,921 39 316 10 686 11 309 955 43 3,359 44 814 33 354 9 310 3,120 146 1,307 38 1,944 94 281 6 312 2,752 101 1,290 28 891 45 531 7 313 1,415 91 1,393 30 1,406 95 712 6 314 1,949 102 1,261 19 1,593 83 290 7 315 1,374 58 2,996 35 1,273 52 302 7 316 567 22 906 17 623 24 99 9 317 2,015 104 1,931 30 1,564 82 148 7 318 1,016 100 1,957 31 1,066 63 1,093 10 319 1,146 50 1,851 56 643 27 365 7 320 561 29 2,201 54 406 14 447 10 321 912 59 621 32 846 49 231 7 323 1,822 121 1,586 40 1,799 177 646 6 325 373 25 1,123 23 387 24 291 12 330 1,772 90 2,379 30 1,763 87 653 11 23 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2009 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Mobile Wireless Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 331 26 1 46 16 53 8 79 6 334 941 72 2,088 45 981 70 1,290 15 336 1,757 104 2,018 43 1,541 96 543 10 337 870 53 1,494 31 889 41 998 10 339 73 2 165 15 109 3 77 4 340 54 38 33 1 115 16 54 4 347 1,070 66 404 29 2,980 264 654 6 351 0 0 0 0 3 0 7 1 352 1,106 102 1,210 26 1,121 74 566 9 360 2,241 110 2,445 53 1,472 71 430 7 361 546 23 1,276 27 691 58 706 9 385 28 0 36 3 0 0 13 1 386 648 43 763 29 646 41 366 8 401 2,122 56 1,452 18 945 42 243 6 402 1,821 41 3,172 45 1,274 48 700 12 404 2,054 115 800 31 2,195 124 251 7 405 1,453 58 1,936 29 1,356 74 482 13 406 870 49 3,404 38 805 29 1,164 9 407 1,958 209 1,464 31 1,563 90 325 7 408 2,696 111 1,583 36 1,555 64 333 6 409 517 30 1,034 24 584 40 302 10 410 3,462 198 1,713 32 1,179 41 155 5 412 1,814 131 2,057 28 1,280 49 325 6 413 1,756 52 1,479 25 722 34 182 7 414 1,291 49 928 18 985 60 243 7 415 2,409 115 2,012 39 1,306 55 181 6 417 784 44 2,491 38 829 35 612 7 419 1,339 62 2,827 52 1,306 71 782 12 423 1,210 114 1,639 38 1,375 82 575 12 424 222 15 270 35 156 20 145 6 425 2,136 78 1,318 29 971 43 96 5 430 1 0 45 7 6 1 18 4 432 300 96 1,017 19 406 29 259 7 434 704 62 938 20 596 42 276 10 435 624 24 1,638 38 498 24 763 15 440 1,396 67 1,853 32 1,148 51 384 9 442 0 0 24 1 0 0 0 0 443 1,606 139 2,065 35 1,812 120 728 7 469 693 23 798 38 739 49 158 6 475 1 0 9 1 0 0 0 0 478 588 56 869 29 593 44 580 12 479 657 24 1,252 26 713 33 443 7 480 2,157 114 706 24 1,335 79 123 7 484 1,425 68 2,781 42 970 53 302 10 501 1,215 36 1,491 24 955 51 513 9 502 1,209 63 1,382 24 1,195 63 396 7 503 2,820 136 2,111 46 1,805 79 177 6 504 1,146 120 970 23 1,018 70 393 7 505 1,431 68 966 22 1,230 78 335 12 507 705 27 3,555 69 600 21 634 11 508 3,063 149 2,159 31 1,390 47 243 6 509 1,679 89 2,102 43 1,213 66 648 10 510 1,936 106 1,715 31 1,451 71 491 6 512 2,360 81 1,450 35 1,619 89 268 8 513 2,010 84 1,445 24 1,562 93 341 7 515 1,483 41 1,440 42 728 28 331 10 516 1,797 122 1,229 32 1,577 54 478 6 517 969 49 1,906 49 815 34 441 11 518 1,488 97 2,006 37 1,199 51 251 5 520 1,529 63 904 30 1,117 83 359 9 24 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2009 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Mobile Wireless Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 530 1,602 57 2,569 43 985 43 399 8 540 1,518 82 1,476 40 1,369 82 769 10 541 1,481 79 2,934 46 1,283 54 813 10 551 27 0 16 12 172 8 35 5 559 1,351 66 1,970 29 1,272 86 228 6 561 1,651 169 739 30 1,214 58 283 6 562 1,428 87 1,401 39 1,297 85 445 6 563 594 33 1,327 48 407 18 233 7 567 89 1 771 23 147 9 210 11 570 1,403 94 2,533 39 1,367 49 682 13 571 459 19 249 30 788 49 232 6 573 842 48 3,020 32 913 36 626 9 574 642 22 964 26 582 24 513 9 575 521 26 1,696 31 539 38 471 12 580 517 32 3,636 34 651 36 1,335 13 585 1,202 37 1,524 25 1,018 42 183 8 586 787 56 962 29 837 26 512 6 601 1,145 99 2,981 32 1,217 67 1,156 12 602 2,394 134 779 23 1,545 107 427 7 603 1,993 104 3,019 34 1,168 37 633 9 605 747 39 3,426 67 679 17 894 10 606 755 33 2,173 28 698 45 1,146 12 607 684 20 1,720 24 642 24 258 6 608 1,164 41 1,923 57 994 31 709 13 609 1,809 84 1,719 32 1,511 63 516 7 610 3,003 132 2,172 42 1,342 33 196 8 612 1,219 46 858 32 1,385 52 151 6 614 2,119 101 1,610 27 1,489 84 261 6 615 1,961 161 1,694 30 1,668 79 199 8 616 1,047 42 1,159 31 896 40 264 11 617 3,401 167 1,940 29 1,476 46 255 5 618 1,000 47 2,949 40 1,059 43 562 12 619 1,730 91 1,104 39 1,727 105 433 6 620 562 34 3,109 49 454 19 1,038 12 623 854 51 288 21 582 39 96 7 626 1,514 85 1,379 39 1,353 75 307 6 630 2,375 137 1,829 25 1,556 56 1,092 6 631 1,956 147 2,287 30 1,275 56 199 6 636 842 46 1,467 19 424 16 199 7 641 881 24 2,458 52 359 17 673 11 646 1,893 80 365 36 2,344 149 390 6 650 1,926 100 2,250 31 873 31 211 6 651 1,611 59 863 38 830 29 103 6 657 16 0 31 14 1 0 5 3 660 286 28 2,727 37 310 12 494 11 661 1,278 54 1,444 40 1,093 68 222 8 662 820 58 2,785 40 829 46 1,394 11 670 16 1 127 1 48 1 49 2 671 144 9 315 3 158 5 85 4 678 1,932 274 2,196 42 1,956 132 475 10 681 0 0 33 4 1 0 18 2 682 148 3 270 26 272 19 31 6 684 0 0 0 0 27 0 12 1 701 628 16 3,310 52 596 17 1,140 9 702 2,315 234 1,008 27 1,884 130 235 7 703 3,896 195 1,554 33 1,564 40 93 5 704 2,448 138 1,868 36 1,793 114 411 8 706 1,709 83 2,028 55 1,571 105 1,344 17 707 1,749 64 2,375 34 1,119 47 341 8 708 1,515 92 1,975 24 1,198 59 870 7 25 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2009 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Mobile Wireless Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 712 450 28 2,773 88 407 22 757 14 713 3,047 111 1,634 32 1,447 70 25 7 714 2,388 149 1,541 41 2,092 107 439 6 715 953 34 2,652 72 872 29 1,758 15 716 1,383 95 1,519 26 1,239 54 337 8 717 1,987 75 2,093 35 1,635 64 271 6 718 3,817 309 2,098 28 941 54 73 6 719 1,283 102 1,490 35 913 48 337 11 720 1,236 63 531 22 1,442 82 153 7 724 1,340 129 3,171 47 1,220 41 375 10 727 1,461 92 945 26 1,075 51 264 7 731 390 30 1,185 27 479 27 485 7 732 2,707 151 2,258 28 1,437 52 281 7 734 1,354 67 2,336 41 1,240 36 230 7 740 1,103 50 2,478 34 1,100 53 811 13 747 2 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 754 43 1 11 9 103 6 60 3 757 2,293 129 1,076 19 1,728 96 523 7 760 2,127 105 2,037 45 1,697 105 458 13 762 12 0 35 9 2 0 98 6 763 1,094 55 795 39 513 17 110 8 765 943 38 2,633 44 885 37 883 11 769 13 2 112 10 65 5 188 7 770 2,894 170 1,656 28 1,306 47 102 10 772 576 40 379 25 443 23 220 7 773 1,850 157 1,661 25 2,153 188 1,119 7 774 295 12 846 26 529 26 537 7 775 906 28 1,480 32 622 32 288 11 779 13 0 47 16 41 6 28 6 781 2,638 162 2,878 28 795 29 350 5 785 708 33 3,119 45 584 22 838 11 786 620 67 430 32 1,395 101 241 6 787 1,500 14 1,995 7 2,809 155 615 7 801 3,495 128 1,492 23 1,774 88 125 6 802 1,675 21 2,613 24 408 14 354 6 803 1,641 70 1,633 45 1,405 102 645 12 804 1,863 165 1,123 22 1,311 72 371 7 805 1,872 72 2,038 45 1,355 66 495 8 806 608 129 2,871 37 725 47 811 12 808 1,591 86 1,305 10 1,264 61 191 6 810 642 39 1,462 30 787 34 404 8 812 1,190 85 2,600 42 1,137 43 878 11 813 2,015 123 992 30 1,358 71 394 7 814 1,336 45 2,793 34 1,094 31 486 15 815 1,630 48 3,075 50 1,354 54 434 11 816 1,394 89 2,027 31 1,264 56 221 9 817 2,188 119 2,634 40 1,679 62 163 6 818 2,408 136 1,471 39 1,816 100 399 6 828 1,063 66 1,610 34 992 51 560 9 830 463 18 1,483 34 416 33 431 12 831 899 33 1,257 29 601 32 166 6 832 859 30 1,132 32 2,342 217 358 6 843 1,581 92 2,108 38 1,408 109 781 9 845 1,379 94 1,765 40 1,015 43 354 6 847 3,191 122 2,122 26 1,377 35 481 6 848 20 0 42 15 125 8 101 6 850 1,267 161 1,961 34 1,310 87 806 13 856 1,496 90 1,827 31 779 48 210 7 857 168 9 280 23 300 27 244 6 858 1,450 82 1,071 31 596 22 124 6 26 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2009 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Mobile Wireless Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 859 1,090 41 1,690 31 952 50 445 11 860 2,073 86 2,592 23 1,548 66 335 7 862 113 7 167 26 364 28 189 6 863 794 55 845 25 674 47 619 9 864 1,342 95 1,486 31 1,235 77 433 7 865 870 56 834 25 921 47 160 7 870 725 30 3,108 35 870 46 1,199 8 872 0 0 10 1 0 0 26 3 901 1,309 96 681 23 1,231 77 126 7 903 1,141 62 2,446 43 1,266 84 929 13 904 1,579 124 1,076 27 1,351 78 361 8 906 224 9 1,454 18 228 5 667 6 907 930 33 2,974 25 615 36 899 15 908 1,418 86 2,113 33 1,268 39 592 6 909 1,731 104 961 40 1,191 87 422 6 910 1,351 124 1,899 31 1,333 95 777 9 912 803 56 1,256 36 888 69 838 13 913 1,075 52 1,082 29 818 41 153 8 914 1,623 108 1,424 33 1,068 42 556 6 915 632 59 503 19 698 52 136 8 916 2,237 119 1,592 40 1,176 54 238 6 917 790 19 235 23 2,973 95 466 6 918 1,371 58 2,812 50 1,273 70 813 12 919 2,324 120 1,673 30 1,714 101 467 9 920 1,207 42 2,081 46 1,039 36 1,228 15 925 1,595 81 2,001 29 673 28 252 6 928 1,054 34 1,425 34 772 49 618 12 931 623 28 1,600 34 913 44 408 9 936 504 16 1,176 26 452 30 261 8 937 1,376 52 2,481 32 1,248 64 491 10 938 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 939 6 0 133 3 266 14 211 6 940 469 55 1,705 41 475 23 383 11 941 962 76 632 28 711 35 383 8 947 2 0 10 5 602 17 7 1 949 1,796 102 1,191 37 639 27 135 6 951 1,291 79 769 39 895 65 272 6 952 1,300 51 964 36 389 13 51 6 954 2,112 176 1,066 31 1,612 92 237 6 956 874 39 880 20 1,383 167 667 10 970 1,290 82 2,020 44 991 54 715 14 971 164 7 210 22 246 15 59 6 972 3,152 143 2,521 39 812 31 92 6 973 2,978 186 2,198 35 1,406 65 273 7 978 2,396 160 2,915 31 1,097 37 300 6 979 477 17 1,081 26 424 28 393 10 980 129 1 130 17 185 12 122 7 985 619 67 1,168 27 650 36 541 10 989 769 28 2,492 36 810 35 993 14 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 06, 2010. 27 Table 8 Pooled Thousands-blocks as of December 31, 2009 Incumbent LECs and CLECs Mobile Wireless Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks State blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled Alabama 1,118 10,808 10.34 2,203 8,879 24.81 Alaska 0 961 0.00 38 518 7.34 Arizona 1,734 11,821 14.67 2,412 7,258 33.23 Arkansas 703 5,958 11.80 745 4,203 17.73 California 15,439 96,493 16.00 17,108 44,058 38.83 Colorado 1,843 12,791 14.41 1,703 6,137 27.75 Connecticut 1,452 10,181 14.26 1,480 4,136 35.78 Delaware 601 3,363 17.87 441 1,135 38.85 District of Columbia 448 4,105 10.91 663 1,482 44.74 Florida 6,869 40,786 16.84 7,968 24,754 32.19 Georgia 2,498 21,194 11.79 3,541 13,291 26.64 Guam 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Hawaii 157 3,112 5.04 438 1,536 28.52 Idaho 420 3,373 12.45 485 1,940 25.00 Illinois 7,185 36,524 19.67 5,565 19,173 29.03 Indiana 2,025 15,717 12.88 1,954 8,410 23.23 Iowa 645 6,211 10.38 976 4,909 19.88 Kansas 899 7,816 11.50 1,095 4,102 26.69 Kentucky 1,016 11,365 8.94 1,356 6,289 21.56 Louisiana 1,275 10,789 11.82 2,070 7,203 28.74 Maine 639 3,174 20.13 559 1,897 29.47 Maryland 2,621 17,334 15.12 2,751 7,484 36.76 Massachusetts 4,500 28,369 15.86 3,147 9,054 34.76 Michigan 4,818 29,332 16.43 4,744 15,871 29.89 Minnesota 1,800 13,641 13.20 1,613 7,278 22.16 Mississippi 854 7,984 10.70 878 4,756 18.46 Missouri 2,238 17,642 12.69 2,110 8,162 25.85 Montana 305 2,092 14.58 167 1,351 12.36 Nebraska 423 4,008 10.55 492 2,815 17.48 Nevada 787 5,668 13.88 1,394 3,184 43.78 New Hampshire 834 5,025 16.60 537 1,923 27.93 New Jersey 4,836 26,842 18.02 3,982 11,910 33.43 New Mexico 401 3,374 11.89 870 2,447 35.55 New York 9,020 49,020 18.40 11,527 25,449 45.29 North Carolina 3,229 22,126 14.59 3,477 12,771 27.23 North Dakota 77 1,382 5.57 121 841 14.39 Northern Marianas 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Ohio 4,173 30,258 13.79 4,363 16,109 27.08 Oklahoma 1,037 8,665 11.97 1,442 5,605 25.73 Oregon 1,289 8,953 14.40 1,467 4,679 31.35 Pennsylvania 6,774 40,222 16.84 6,016 15,915 37.80 Puerto Rico 247 3,470 7.12 983 4,096 24.00 Rhode Island 376 3,748 10.03 406 1,254 32.38 South Carolina 1,493 9,198 16.23 1,651 6,209 26.59 South Dakota 116 1,497 7.75 163 1,276 12.77 Tennessee 2,200 14,045 15.66 2,802 8,850 31.66 Texas 7,329 57,341 12.78 12,395 31,886 38.87 Utah 1,431 6,528 21.92 804 3,036 26.48 Vermont 386 3,775 10.23 331 786 42.11 Virgin Islands 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Virginia 3,097 18,297 16.93 3,679 10,787 34.11 Washington 2,147 18,306 11.73 2,442 7,987 30.57 West Virginia 589 3,807 15.47 597 2,482 24.05 Wisconsin 1,518 12,741 11.91 1,390 8,546 16.26 Wyoming 159 1,176 13.52 79 871 9.07 ota s Totals 118,070 792,408 14.90 131,620 416,980 31.57 Source: Pooling data provided by NeuStar. 1 Includes only those thousands-blocks in rate centers with pooling. NM - Not meaningful. 28 Table 9 Increased Utilization and Telephone Numbers Saved due to Thousands-Block Pooling as of December 31, 2009 Numbers Numbers Needed Utilization had Increased Utilization Numbers Assigned Total Percent had Whole NXXs Whole NXXs of Thousands-blocks Saved Due Carrier Type OCNs to End-users 1 Numbers 1 Utilized Been Issued Been Issued due to Pooling to Pooling Incumbent LEC 258 7,421,251 11,803,000 62.9% 46,730,000 15.9% 47.0% 34,927,000 Mobile Wireless 575 96,874,934 130,372,000 74.3% 204,920,000 47.3% 27.0% 74,548,000 CLEC 1,402 48,464,584 100,217,000 48.4% 464,690,000 10.4% 37.9% 364,473,000 Total 2,235 152,770,761 242,402,000 63.0% 716,350,000 21.3% 41.7% 473,948,000 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in pooled blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 06, 2010. NeuStar also provided data on thousands-block pooling. Table 10 Number Utilization for Specialized Nongeographic Area Codes as of December 31, 2009 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Specialized Area Codes (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs 4,676 896 1,383 582 5 298 7,840 782 59.6% 11.4% 17.6% 7.4% 0.1% 3.8% 100.0% 320 10 9 1 0 460 800 80 40.0% 1.3% 1.1% 0.1% 0.0% 57.5% 100.0% 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of May 06, 2010. 500 900 29 Figure 1 Incumbent LECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 30 Figure 2 Mobile Wireless: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 31 Figure 3 CLECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 32 Figure 4 Paging Carriers: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 33 Table 11 Alternate Sources of NPA-NXX Assignments 1 NPA-NXXs that appear in NRUF NANPA LERG NXXs All Three Databases NRUF, NANPA and LERG 999140,750 Two of the Three Databases NRUF and NANPA 99463 NANPA and LERG 991,932 NRUF and LERG 72 Only One Database NRUF 9 453 NANPA 9 423 LERG 9 87 Total NXXs in Database. 141,738 143,568 142,841 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Table 12 Utilization over Time Carrier Type ILEC Mobile Wireless CLEC Paging Overall December 2000 52.1% 46.2% 9.8% 26.3% 40.1% June 2001 52.1% 45.3% 10.9% 24.8% 39.6% December 2001 52.5% 47.2% 11.4% 20.2% 39.7% June 2002 52.2% 47.5% 10.4% 17.6% 39.2% December 2002 52.2% 47.8% 10.6% 17.0% 39.2% June 2003 53.2% 49.0% 10.7% 14.3% 39.9% December 2003 52.6% 50.6% 10.6% 13.0% 39.5% June 2004 54.5% 53.9% 14.8% 10.9% 42.3% December 2004 53.5% 54.6% 16.4% 10.3% 42.2% June 2005 52.8% 56.9% 18.1% 9.9% 43.0% December 2005 52.4% 59.1% 19.7% 8.6% 43.4% June 2006 50.2% 60.4% 20.5% 8.1% 43.3% December 2006 49.3% 63.3% 21.5% 8.0% 44.2% June 2007 50.8% 64.8% 25.4% 7.5% 46.7% December 2007 50.7% 65.0% 26.9% 7.1% 47.1% June 2008 50.3% 65.3% 30.4% 6.6% 48.1% December 2008 49.6% 65.6% 31.1% 6.7% 47.9% June 2009 48.8% 66.1% 34.3% 6.1% 48.5% December 2009 47.3% 66.7% 34.0% 5.9% 47.9% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports filed with NeuStar, Inc. Note: Starting with June 2006 data, where an RBOC has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. Sources: NANPA's NPA-NXX assignments database as of January 1, 2010; the LERG, as of January 1, 2010; NRUF December 31, 2009 database (NRUF forms filed as of May 6, 2010). 34 Table 13 NPA-NXX Assignments, Returns and Net Assignments NPA-NXXs NPA-NXXs Net Quarter Assigned Returned Assignments 2003 Q4 2 539 244 295 2004 Q1 888 182 706 2004 Q2 728 323 405 2004 Q3 748 160 588 2004 Q4 761 319 442 2005 Q1 1,113 249 864 2005 Q2 778 330 448 2005 Q3 716 246 470 2005 Q4 705 203 502 2006 Q1 1,165 194 971 2006 Q2 944 175 769 2006 Q3 883 137 746 2006 Q4 987 188 799 2007 Q1 1,117 170 947 2007 Q2 768 195 573 2007 Q3 747 173 574 2007 Q4 584 211 373 2008 Q1 720 166 554 2008 Q2 804 96 708 2008 Q3 699 149 550 2008 Q4 723 343 380 2009 Q1 675 189 486 2009 Q2 495 115 380 2009 Q3 402 82 320 2009 Q4 572 148 424 2010 Q1 879 80 799 1 See text footnote 2 for full citation. Source: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_actStatus.html 2 Data from prior periods can be found in the "Data as of June 30, 2009" edition of this report, which can be found at: http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/number.html NPA-NXX Assigments, Returns, and Net Assignments 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 2004 Q3 2004 Q4 2005 Q1 2005 Q2 2005 Q3 2005 Q4 2006 Q1 2006 Q2 2006 Q3 2006 Q4 2007 Q1 2007 Q2 2007 Q3 2007 Q4 2008 Q1 2008 Q2 2008 Q3 2008 Q4 2009 Q1 2009 Q2 2009 Q3 2009 Q4 2010 Q1 Assignments Returns Net Assignments 35 Table 14 Telephone Number Porting Activity Since Wireless Pooling Started 1 (in thousands) Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless 2 Wireline Total 2003 Fourth 1,199 14 817 2 2,032 2004 First 2,296 168 1,936 4 4,404 Second 2,263 287 2,175 4 4,729 Third 2,143 281 2,417 4 4,845 Fourth 2,327 314 2,384 4 5,029 2005 First 2,891 208 2,358 5 5,462 Second 2,915 149 2,812 4 5,880 Third 3,323 135 2,750 6 6,213 Fourth 3,093 88 2,723 6 5,911 2006 First 4,011 78 2,562 9 6,659 Second 3,318 95 2,422 6 5,840 Third 3,012 152 2,658 5 5,828 Fourth 2,933 114 2,628 7 5,683 2007 First 2,801 117 3,225 6 6,149 Second 2,925 160 3,290 8 6,382 Third 3,963 363 3,283 11 7,619 Fourth 5,340 257 3,489 7 9,093 2008 First 3,987 63 3,266 10 7,326 Second 3,828 62 3,169 8 7,067 Third 3,907 134 4,006 12 8,059 Fourth 3,696 134 3,983 13 7,827 2009 First 3,601 118 4,010 14 7,743 Second 3,844 113 3,802 14 7,773 Third 3,973 215 4,134 15 8,337 Fourth 3,812 181 3,961 16 7,969 2010 First 4,048 97 3,797 13 7,954 Cumulative Total 85,448 4,097 78,057 211 167,813 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 These figures include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger in October 2004. 36 Table 15 Telephone Numbers Remaining in the Porting Database at the End of Each Quarter 1 (in thousands) Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Total Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless 2 Wireline 2003 Fourth 3 25,869 16 795 2 26,682 2004 First 28,462 173 2,686 3 31,324 Second 28,371 406 4,635 4 33,417 Third 29,396 667 6,874 9 36,945 Fourth 30,607 832 9,041 11 41,491 2005 First 32,399 1,001 10,860 16 44,276 Second 34,169 1,092 12,956 19 48,236 Third 36,013 1,201 14,804 23 52,041 Fourth 37,608 1,246 16,101 29 54,983 2006 First 40,194 1,272 17,577 34 59,077 Second 42,130 1,333 19,032 42 62,538 Third 43,743 1,407 20,509 46 65,705 Fourth 45,149 1,480 21,920 50 68,600 2007 First 46,761 1,541 23,518 50 71,870 Second 48,396 1,659 25,399 54 75,508 Third 4 50,222 2,057 27,068 116 79,463 Fourth 53,168 2,031 29,065 120 84,384 2008 First 55,095 2,075 30,605 127 87,902 Second 56,114 2,067 32,024 153 90,359 Third 57,217 2,175 34,089 156 93,637 Fourth 58,924 2,255 35,851 171 97,202 2009 First 60,609 2,353 37,663 177 100,801 Second 62,508 2,433 39,221 182 104,344 Third 64,333 2,539 40,522 181 107,576 Fourth 66,136 2,654 41,776 184 110,750 2010 First 67,517 2,701 43,425 186 113,829 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small but unknown number of wireless test ports were conducted before November 24, 2003. The remaining wireless-related ports appear to be artifacts of divining the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 1 Numbers ported because customer changed carriers. The database contains the date when the telephone number record was last updated. For most telephone numbers, this was the most recent port. For those telephone numbers affected by area code changes, however, the date refers to when the record was updated to reflect the new area code. See the text for a fuller discussion. 4 Starting with the July 2007 data, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers that have been ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously, the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. See text for more information. 3 Data from prior periods can be found in the "Data as of June 30, 2009" edition of this report, which can be found at: http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/number.html 37 Table 16 Numbers in the Porting Database by Quarter in Which They Were Most Recently Ported 1 March 31, 2010 2 (in thousands) Ported During Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless Wireline 1998 First 0 3 * * * Second 2 * * * Third 35 * * * Fourth 105 * * * 1999 First 180 * * * Second 279 * * * Third 286 * * * Fourth 376 * * * 2000 First 399 * * * Second 456 * * * Third 564 * * * Fourth 629 * * * 2001 First 547 * * * Second 673 * * * Third 703 * * * Fourth 864 * * * 2002 First 722 * * * Second 812 * * * Third 979 * * * Fourth 803 * * * 2003 First 729 * * * Second 897 * * * Third 882 * * * 2003 Fourth 3 859 7 278 2 2004 First 1,216 105 613 2 Second 1,181 73 712 7 Third 1,221 151 854 7 Fourth 1,159 94 869 3 2005 First 1,370 70 858 4 Second 1,462 62 935 3 Third 1,693 84 1,080 3 Fourth 1,508 54 1,105 8 2006 First 2,220 44 1,092 4 Second 1,760 56 1,142 7 Third 1,559 100 1,326 5 Fourth 1,544 81 1,362 5 2007 First 1,680 78 1,349 5 Second 1,918 114 1,405 4 Third 2,387 211 1,726 17 Fourth 3,365 183 2,047 8 2008 First 2,649 61 1,989 8 Second 2,715 67 2,028 8 Third 2,811 114 2,761 6 Fourth 2,861 124 2,739 6 2009 First 2,865 119 2,660 7 Second 3,145 116 2,698 7 Third 3,369 214 3,149 8 Fourth 3,386 198 3,281 9 2010 First 3,718 118 3,366 9 1 The vast majority of these numbers are ported because customer changed carriers. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 2 The local number portability database was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. As such, it retains only the most recent porting activity for any given number. So if a consumer ports a number from Carrier A to Carrier B, and later the consumer then ports the number from Carrier B to Carrier C, the database will not reflect the original port from Carrier A to Carrier B. Also, numbers that revert back to the original carrier (either because the customer ports the number back to the original carrier or becaus the customer discontinues service with that number) are dropped from the database. Lastly, area code splits can make a number appear to be ported later than it actually was. Starting with the July 2007 edition of this report, the methodology for determining whether a number was ported away from a wireline or a wireless carrier changed. Rather than relying on the carrier type of the most recent port, the numbers now reflect the original carrier type, based on the carrier that is assigned the thousands block of the donated number. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small but unknown number of wireless test ports were conducted before November 24, 2003. The remaining wireless-related ports appear to be artifacts of deducing the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 38 Table 17 Ports Between Carrier Types, March 31, 2010 (in thousands) Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless State to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Total Alabama 592 77 482 1 1,152 Alaska 161 4 336 ** 501 Arizona 1,561 31 892 5 2,489 Arkansas 240 126 153 ** 520 California 9,930 155 5,332 33 15,451 Colorado 1,223 41 861 4 2,129 Connecticut 962 21 490 2 1,476 Delaware 358 3 103 1 464 District of Columbia 477 5 193 2 677 Florida 3,815 128 3,015 10 6,968 Georgia 1,806 181 1,274 10 3,271 Guam * 0 * 0 23 Hawaii 215 6 220 1 441 Idaho 144 16 183 ** 343 Illinois 3,099 85 2,009 11 5,203 Indiana 903 65 741 3 1,712 Iowa 320 13 309 ** 643 Kansas 565 231 327 1 1,124 Kentucky 474 62 466 2 1,004 Louisiana 598 17 476 2 1,092 Maine 352 21 128 1 502 Maryland 1,223 20 918 3 2,165 Massachusetts 2,793 47 1,081 4 3,925 Michigan 2,404 72 1,863 5 4,344 Minnesota 1,514 41 1,002 4 2,561 Mississippi 212 28 221 ** 462 Missouri 870 77 733 1 1,681 Montana 102 8 72 ** 183 Nebraska 306 31 182 ** 519 Nevada 689 11 342 1 1,043 New Hampshire 443 13 173 1 630 New Jersey 2,145 31 1,246 6 3,429 New Mexico 187 14 193 1 396 New York 5,841 103 3,209 11 9,163 North Carolina 1,513 90 1,019 3 2,625 North Dakota 82 6 55 ** 144 Northern Marianas Is 0 * * * 1 Ohio 2,055 83 1,584 9 3,731 Oklahoma 549 40 494 3 1,086 Oregon 793 37 533 2 1,365 Pennsylvania 3,004 48 1,855 5 4,912 Puerto Rico 46 68 464 ** 578 Rhode Island 286 6 161 1 453 South Carolina 665 43 430 1 1,140 South Dakota 120 5 62 ** 187 Tennessee 1,132 37 730 3 1,902 Texas 4,550 294 3,108 14 7,965 Utah 860 23 424 1 1,308 Vermont 132 4 50 ** 186 Virgin Islands 0 * 1 * 1 Virginia 1,651 37 1,082 5 2,775 Washington 2,231 49 1,020 6 3,306 West Virginia 230 5 257 ** 492 Wisconsin 1,051 38 821 2 1,913 Wyoming 37 5 30 ** 71 Unduplicated total 67,517 2,701 43,425 186 113,829 * Indicates that the number has been withheld to protect carrier confidentiality. ** Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Starting with the July 2007 report, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously, the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. This is done to better estimate the number of phone numbers used in wireline and wireless service. 39 Table 18 Number of Carriers Porting or Receiving Ports as of March 31, 2010 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Ports Wireless Ports Wireless Ports Wireline Ports Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers State Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Alabama 41 39 34 12 15 13 11 22 Alaska 8 9 8 8 7 8 6 6 Arizona 33 31 28 13 11 14 9 22 Arkansas 20 22 14 8 8 9 7 17 California 55 62 55 14 15 16 11 49 Colorado 37 38 39 15 15 16 10 27 Connecticut 19 29 17 9 7 8 5 18 Delaware 23 30 12 8 7 9 6 18 District of Columbia 25 28 16 7 6 8 6 18 Florida 63 80 47 11 10 12 9 47 Georgia 62 70 56 14 14 14 11 42 Guam 3 3 0 0 5 5 0 0 Hawaii 8 9 8 7 6 7 6 9 Idaho 25 30 21 12 14 14 10 14 Illinois 61 65 50 15 15 15 11 37 Indiana 48 55 41 15 13 15 10 28 Iowa 90 67 47 12 15 13 13 17 Kansas 33 40 40 17 17 18 10 21 Kentucky 42 53 29 17 15 18 14 21 Louisiana 38 36 22 11 9 12 9 22 Maine 25 31 21 7 6 7 6 18 Maryland 41 41 27 10 7 10 7 25 Massachusetts 33 36 28 9 7 8 7 27 Michigan 56 63 50 16 13 16 11 41 Minnesota 66 76 63 12 9 12 8 37 Mississippi 34 34 20 12 10 12 7 13 Missouri 38 42 26 14 13 14 9 24 Montana 15 19 14 6 7 6 4 9 Nebraska 25 25 31 10 13 13 9 12 Nevada 29 32 22 11 10 11 9 24 New Hampshire 22 24 17 8 7 8 6 19 New Jersey 42 38 31 9 7 9 6 28 New Mexico 24 24 16 11 12 12 10 9 New York 66 72 58 11 8 11 7 48 North Carolina 43 53 36 13 14 13 12 31 North Dakota 18 19 24 9 7 8 5 8 Northern Marianas Is 0 0 1 1 3 4 1 1 Ohio 53 64 51 16 14 16 13 41 Oklahoma 30 31 26 13 18 17 10 18 Oregon 45 49 38 13 9 12 7 27 Pennsylvania 53 60 42 13 16 16 8 45 Puerto Rico 5 5 4 7 6 8 6 4 Rhode Island 17 19 10 7 6 7 5 12 South Carolina 41 48 37 9 11 10 9 32 South Dakota 20 21 20 6 7 8 4 8 Tennessee 47 52 46 12 12 14 11 37 Texas 73 90 71 28 26 29 17 52 Utah 22 23 24 10 11 14 8 18 Vermont 14 14 10 6 6 6 4 10 Virgin Islands 0 0 1 2 4 4 2 1 Virginia 45 50 33 11 12 12 9 26 Washington 41 51 35 12 10 12 10 35 West Virginia 18 24 13 9 9 11 8 11 Wisconsin 46 48 50 15 13 16 12 24 Wyoming 12 15 11 8 11 11 8 7 Unduplicated total 901 905 768 114 133 129 83 443 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Starting with the July 2007 report, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously, the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. This is done to better estimate the number of phone numbers employed in wireline and wireless service. 40 Table 19 Percentage of Numbers Ported, as of December 31, 2009 1 Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless Total Total Wireline Assigned Percent Wireless Assigned Percent Total Assigned Percent Ports Numbers Ported Ports Numbers Ported Ports Numbers Ported State (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) Alabama 630 4,517 13.9 464 5,117 9.1 1,093 9,635 11.3 Alaska 170 930 18.3 316 615 51.5 486 1,545 31.5 American Samoa 0 0 NA 0 27 0.0 0 27 0.0 Arizona 1,574 7,989 19.7 875 5,351 16.3 2,448 13,340 18.4 Arkansas 354 2,597 13.6 150 2,538 5.9 504 5,134 9.8 California 9,845 47,183 20.9 5,199 32,560 16.0 15,044 79,743 18.9 Colorado 1,224 7,481 16.4 845 4,811 17.6 2,069 12,292 16.8 Connecticut 928 4,638 20.0 477 3,260 14.6 1,405 7,898 17.8 Delaware 353 1,792 19.7 100 856 11.6 453 2,648 17.1 District of Columbia 476 3,183 14.9 186 1,236 15.1 662 4,419 15.0 Florida 3,853 21,218 18.2 2,926 17,596 16.6 6,779 38,814 17.5 Georgia 1,916 10,621 18.0 1,243 9,188 13.5 3,160 19,809 16.0 Guam 4 144 3.1 16 158 10.0 20 302 6.7 Hawaii 220 1,591 13.8 214 1,264 16.9 434 2,855 15.2 Idaho 150 1,710 8.8 179 1,261 14.2 329 2,971 11.1 Illinois 3,092 16,663 18.6 1,949 12,023 16.2 5,041 28,685 17.6 Indiana 930 6,116 15.2 655 5,430 12.1 1,585 11,546 13.7 Iowa 329 4,552 7.2 300 2,546 11.8 629 7,098 8.9 Kansas 776 2,912 26.6 328 2,480 13.2 1,104 5,392 20.5 Kentucky 523 4,387 11.9 456 3,817 11.9 978 8,205 11.9 Louisiana 599 4,510 13.3 444 4,393 10.1 1,043 8,904 11.7 Maine 374 1,281 29.2 126 1,105 11.4 500 2,386 21.0 Maryland 1,208 9,443 12.8 887 5,569 15.9 2,095 15,012 14.0 Massachusetts 2,731 13,791 19.8 1,057 6,421 16.5 3,788 20,213 18.7 Michigan 2,458 10,547 23.3 1,802 10,330 17.4 4,260 20,877 20.4 Minnesota 1,523 7,168 21.3 979 4,709 20.8 2,503 11,877 21.1 Mississippi 230 2,344 9.8 211 2,480 8.5 440 4,824 9.1 Missouri 928 6,096 15.2 705 5,332 13.2 1,633 11,429 14.3 Montana 100 870 11.5 72 805 8.9 172 1,675 10.3 Nebraska 321 2,062 15.5 187 1,590 11.8 508 3,652 13.9 Nevada 663 3,221 20.6 330 2,506 13.2 994 5,727 17.4 New Hampshire 453 1,993 22.7 169 1,168 14.4 622 3,161 19.7 New Jersey 2,092 13,078 16.0 1,208 8,649 14.0 3,301 21,727 15.2 New Mexico 198 1,952 10.1 189 1,769 10.7 386 3,721 10.4 New York 5,770 26,079 22.1 3,107 19,611 15.8 8,877 45,689 19.4 North Carolina 1,544 10,218 15.1 984 8,482 11.6 2,528 18,700 13.5 North Dakota 86 628 13.8 54 596 9.0 140 1,224 11.5 Northern Mariana Is * 16 0.0 1 48 1.6 1 64 1.2 Ohio 2,079 12,638 16.5 1,533 10,810 14.2 3,612 23,447 15.4 Oklahoma 557 3,340 16.7 481 3,280 14.7 1,039 6,620 15.7 Oregon 804 4,465 18.0 521 3,334 15.6 1,325 7,799 17.0 Pennsylvania 2,987 16,668 17.9 1,802 11,595 15.5 4,789 28,262 16.9 Puerto Rico 101 1,506 6.7 448 3,076 14.6 549 4,581 12.0 Rhode Island 291 2,122 13.7 156 945 16.5 448 3,068 14.6 South Carolina 680 4,563 14.9 414 4,048 10.2 1,094 8,611 12.7 South Dakota 124 747 16.6 61 679 8.9 184 1,426 12.9 Tennessee 1,134 6,363 17.8 707 6,588 10.7 1,841 12,951 14.2 Texas 4,722 26,895 17.6 2,999 23,285 12.9 7,720 50,180 15.4 Utah 871 4,147 21.0 415 2,273 18.3 1,286 6,420 20.0 Vermont 130 1,675 7.8 67 408 16.5 197 2,084 9.5 Virgin Islands * 54 0.0 1 115 0.6 1 170 0.4 Virginia 1,661 11,109 15.0 1,050 7,707 13.6 2,711 18,816 14.4 Washington 2,571 9,835 26.1 999 6,020 16.6 3,570 15,855 22.5 West Virginia 224 1,430 15.7 246 1,465 16.8 470 2,895 16.2 Wisconsin 1,048 5,827 18.0 784 4,665 16.8 1,832 10,492 17.5 Wyoming 40 552 7.2 29 527 5.5 69 1,080 6.4 Total 68,648 379,459 18.1 42,102 288,516 14.6 110,750 667,975 16.6 NA Not applicable. Number portability is not available in American Samoa or Northern Mariana Islands. * Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.) and Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of November May 6, 2010. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Because the latest available NRUF data are as of December 31, 2009, porting data of the same vintage are used. Unlike in Tables 17 and 18, in this Table, the carrier type is that of the carrier porting the number. This is done to provide a measure of the likelihood that a number currently employed in either service will be ported. 41 Revised 2/2/2011 Table 20 Telephone Numbers Assigned for Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1993 December 3,155,955 731,438 3,887,393 3,822,607 1994 December 4,948,605 763,235 5,711,840 1,998,160 1995 December 6,700,576 286,487 6,987,063 722,937 1996 December 9,527,982 945,671 10,473,653 5,216,347 1997 December 12,980,714 996,449 13,977,163 1,712,837 1998 December 16,200,883 965,466 17,166,349 6,503,651 1999 December 19,677,001 1,101,964 20,778,965 2,891,035 2000 December 23,022,015 1,178,096 24,200,111 7,449,889 2001 December 23,453,029 1,027,973 24,481,002 7,168,998 2002 December 22,496,215 1,051,232 23,547,447 8,102,553 2003 December 21,108,662 941,520 22,050,182 9,599,818 2004 December 22,159,440 1,145,661 23,305,101 8,344,899 2005 December 22,474,643 957,835 23,432,478 8,217,522 2006 December 22,709,753 756,808 23,466,561 8,183,439 2007 December 23,902,113 3 585,864 24,487,982 7,322,018 2008 December 24,556,244 773,164 25,329,408 6,480,592 2009 December 26,035,821 488,248 26,524,069 5,285,931 2010 March 26,912,869 571,203 27,484,072 4,325,984 2 Miscellaneous numbers include those in the 800, 888, 877, and 866 service management systems maintained by Database Service Management, Inc., and categorized as reserved, assigned but not yet activated, recently disconnected, or suspended. 1 Toll-free (800) service was initially offered by AT&T in 1967. On May 1, 1993, procedures for routing toll- free calls were changed and 800 numbers were made "portable" so customers who switched service providers could retain their numbers. Due to the growth in demand for toll-free numbers, a new toll-free calling code, 888, was added in March 1996, which made it possible to assign about 8 million new toll-free numbers. A third toll-free calling code, 877, was added in April 1998; and a fourth toll-free code, 866, was added in July 2000. 3 SMS800 freed up all unused numbers contained in certain blocks of numbers that were reserved for the provision of certain mobile radio telecommunications (pager) services within a specified geographic area. These numbers were in NPA 800 and had NXXs in the range of NX2 where ‘N’ = 2 through 9 and ‘X’ = 0 for 1 and the numbers ended in a state code. http://www.sms800.com/PublicContent.aspx?Text=2008&URL=Shared+Documents%2fPublic%2fNews% 2f2008&Site=Public, visited Jul 16, 2010. 42 Table 21 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 800 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1996 March 6,907,098 293,244 7,200,342 509,658 June 6,986,821 324,899 7,311,720 398,280 September 7,119,167 310,562 7,429,729 280,271 December 7,272,819 343,905 7,616,724 93,276 1997 March 7,402,769 305,362 7,708,131 1,869 June 7,415,591 293,802 7,709,393 607 September 7,427,717 280,668 7,708,385 1,615 December 7,429,160 267,429 7,696,589 13,411 1998 March 7,455,240 249,964 7,705,204 4,796 June 7,480,468 227,041 7,707,509 2,491 September 7,489,271 219,080 7,708,351 1,649 December 7,487,529 215,267 7,702,796 7,204 1999 March 7,498,527 204,515 7,703,042 6,958 June 7,502,118 207,061 7,709,179 821 September 7,523,302 185,363 7,708,665 1,335 December 7,505,737 202,416 7,708,153 1,847 2000 March 7,516,391 193,246 7,709,637 363 June 7,570,082 139,444 7,709,526 474 September 7,572,091 137,705 7,709,796 204 December 7,566,810 132,887 7,699,697 10,303 2001 March 7,434,621 264,967 7,699,588 10,412 June 7,357,279 242,106 7,599,385 110,615 September 7,383,111 164,881 7,547,992 162,008 December 7,370,055 184,689 7,554,744 155,256 2002 March 7,181,636 400,955 7,582,591 127,409 June 7,234,847 282,005 7,516,852 193,148 September 7,200,821 177,723 7,378,544 331,456 December 7,210,159 203,268 7,413,427 296,573 2003 March 7,182,120 224,536 7,406,656 303,344 June 7,171,068 234,576 7,405,644 304,356 September 7,031,806 222,846 7,254,652 455,348 December 7,089,752 260,807 7,350,559 359,441 2004 March 7,187,381 234,719 7,422,100 287,900 June 7,181,216 187,107 7,368,323 341,677 September 7,262,915 197,252 7,460,167 249,833 December 7,332,085 208,368 7,540,453 169,547 2005 March 7,267,936 234,679 7,502,615 207,385 June 7,163,402 425,206 7,588,608 121,392 September 7,160,678 495,326 7,656,004 53,996 December 7,317,165 277,052 7,594,217 115,783 2006 March 7,416,046 197,083 7,613,129 96,871 June 7,330,416 317,525 7,647,941 62,059 September 7,419,137 279,471 7,698,608 11,392 December 7,445,535 207,672 7,653,207 56,793 2007 March 7,559,307 140,686 7,699,993 10,007 June 7,546,532 153,063 7,699,595 10,405 September 7,597,883 102,117 7,700,000 10,000 December 7,736,774 3 123,226 7,860,000 10,000 3 2008 March 7,731,284 3 128,716 7,860,000 10,000 3 June 7,686,736 173,264 7,860,000 10,000 3 September 7,755,279 104,721 7,860,000 10,000 3 December 7,731,430 128,570 7,860,000 10,000 3 2009 March 7,752,946 107,054 7,860,000 10,000 3 June 7,775,315 84,685 7,860,000 10,000 3 September 7,780,198 79,802 7,860,000 10,000 3 December 7,793,883 66,117 7,860,000 10,000 3 2010 March 7,771,824 98,232 7,870,056 10,000 3 For data prior to 1996, see Table 18.4 of the Februrary 2007 edition of Trends in Telephone Service. 1 - 3 See Notes to Table 20. 43 Table 22 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 888 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1996 March 267,874 568,574 836,448 7,143,552 June 922,849 544,079 1,466,928 6,513,072 September 1,641,519 590,345 2,231,864 5,748,136 December 2,255,163 601,766 2,856,929 5,123,071 1997 March 2,857,608 661,164 3,518,772 4,461,228 June 3,660,984 681,981 4,342,965 3,637,035 September 4,776,688 774,431 5,551,119 2,428,881 December 5,551,554 729,020 6,280,574 1,699,426 1998 March 6,167,479 728,415 6,895,894 1,084,106 June 6,591,764 665,496 7,257,260 722,740 September 6,898,718 612,254 7,510,972 469,028 December 7,146,159 515,009 7,661,168 318,832 1999 March 7,278,531 495,904 7,774,435 205,565 June 7,428,424 231,697 7,660,121 319,879 September 7,601,867 211,318 7,813,185 166,815 December 7,643,158 324,405 7,967,563 12,437 2000 March 7,685,423 230,035 7,915,458 64,542 June 7,789,986 140,658 7,930,644 49,356 September 7,806,252 173,588 7,979,840 160 December 7,789,188 177,328 7,966,516 13,484 2001 March 7,616,189 355,451 7,971,640 8,360 June 7,548,761 270,198 7,818,959 161,041 September 7,508,100 203,518 7,711,618 268,382 December 7,452,071 190,727 7,642,798 337,202 2002 March 6,964,624 577,910 7,542,534 437,466 June 6,629,862 354,771 6,984,633 995,367 September 6,682,043 92,050 6,774,093 1,205,907 December 6,610,191 154,015 6,764,206 1,215,794 2003 March 6,408,723 324,558 6,733,281 1,246,719 June 6,228,846 251,701 6,480,547 1,499,453 September 5,818,266 216,862 6,035,128 1,944,872 December 5,711,949 250,662 5,962,611 2,017,389 2004 March 5,680,105 133,824 5,813,929 2,166,071 June 5,640,743 128,141 5,768,884 2,211,116 September 5,716,957 210,068 5,927,025 2,052,975 December 5,563,469 384,320 5,947,789 2,032,211 2005 March 5,465,594 159,097 5,624,691 2,355,309 June 5,306,927 296,729 5,603,656 2,376,344 September 5,314,969 221,122 5,536,091 2,443,909 December 5,265,331 196,817 5,462,148 2,517,852 2006 March 5,049,966 321,175 5,371,141 2,608,859 June 4,930,939 387,726 5,318,665 2,661,335 September 4,923,018 282,840 5,205,858 2,774,142 December 4,894,774 154,764 5,049,538 2,930,462 2007 March 4,865,839 172,035 5,037,874 2,942,126 June 4,892,896 211,491 5,104,387 2,875,613 September 5,014,039 143,278 5,157,317 2,822,683 December 5,075,256 134,928 5,210,184 2,769,816 2008 March 5,131,254 300,830 5,432,084 2,547,916 June 5,153,074 328,514 5,481,588 2,498,412 September 5,212,933 131,617 5,344,550 2,635,450 December 5,204,756 195,377 5,400,133 2,579,867 2009 March 5,221,440 186,536 5,407,976 2,572,024 June 5,306,134 123,891 5,430,025 2,549,975 September 5,468,278 120,409 5,588,687 2,391,313 December 5,690,770 117,469 5,808,239 2,171,761 2010 March 5,984,221 177,361 6,161,582 1,818,418 1 - 2 See Notes to Table 20. 44 Table 23 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 877 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1998 June 552,037 209,967 762,004 7,217,996 September 1,072,046 206,714 1,278,760 6,701,240 December 1,567,195 235,190 1,802,385 6,177,615 1999 March 2,141,228 329,044 2,470,272 5,509,728 June 2,899,466 410,026 3,309,492 4,670,508 September 3,755,361 436,433 4,191,794 3,788,206 December 4,528,106 575,143 5,103,249 2,876,751 2000 March 5,436,297 598,702 6,034,999 1,945,001 June 6,317,507 402,858 6,720,365 1,259,635 September 6,539,180 496,015 7,035,195 944,805 December 6,391,285 719,333 7,110,618 869,382 2001 March 6,289,079 469,980 6,759,059 1,220,941 June 6,094,898 715,097 6,809,995 1,170,005 September 6,163,297 489,084 6,652,381 1,327,619 December 6,214,863 345,468 6,560,331 1,419,669 2002 March 6,174,529 340,472 6,515,001 1,464,999 June 6,016,107 267,320 6,283,427 1,696,573 September 5,656,158 275,722 5,931,880 2,048,120 December 5,448,276 421,984 5,870,260 2,109,740 2003 March 5,132,413 579,240 5,711,653 2,268,347 June 4,791,792 376,236 5,168,028 2,811,972 September 4,617,147 170,787 4,787,934 3,192,066 December 4,536,366 191,410 4,727,776 3,252,224 2004 March 4,528,716 163,856 4,692,572 3,287,428 June 4,550,870 146,826 4,697,696 3,282,304 September 4,537,840 214,197 4,752,037 3,227,963 December 4,551,486 254,082 4,805,568 3,174,432 2005 March 4,590,227 139,089 4,729,316 3,250,684 June 4,498,452 232,477 4,730,929 3,249,071 September 4,476,657 193,315 4,669,972 3,310,028 December 4,424,365 212,543 4,636,908 3,343,092 2006 March 4,387,383 178,974 4,566,357 3,413,643 June 4,227,659 203,501 4,431,160 3,548,840 September 4,216,739 221,090 4,437,829 3,542,171 December 4,158,082 191,476 4,349,558 3,630,442 2007 March 4,160,134 126,236 4,286,370 3,693,630 June 4,176,830 168,005 4,344,835 3,635,165 September 4,186,296 140,506 4,326,802 3,653,198 December 4,236,995 151,687 4,388,682 3,591,318 2008 March 4,243,519 150,600 4,394,119 3,585,881 June 4,312,293 204,414 4,516,707 3,463,293 September 4,105,708 266,286 4,371,994 3,608,006 December 4,126,424 187,099 4,313,523 3,666,477 2009 March 4,159,486 144,758 4,304,244 3,675,756 June 4,390,811 169,577 4,560,388 3,419,612 September 4,583,580 138,286 4,721,866 3,258,134 December 4,942,751 131,204 5,073,955 2,906,045 2010 March 5,398,377 159,913 5,558,290 2,421,710 1 - 2 See Notes to Table 20. 45 Table 24 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 866 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 2000 September 672,250 155,646 827,896 7,152,104 December 1,274,732 148,548 1,423,280 6,556,720 2001 March 1,652,602 361,888 2,014,490 5,965,510 June 1,944,520 362,880 2,307,400 5,672,600 September 2,256,792 308,801 2,565,593 5,414,407 December 2,416,040 307,089 2,723,129 5,256,871 2002 March 2,640,414 321,530 2,961,944 5,018,056 June 2,864,605 219,232 3,083,837 4,896,163 September 2,977,379 244,297 3,221,676 4,758,324 December 3,227,589 271,965 3,499,554 4,480,446 2003 March 3,461,686 299,700 3,761,386 4,218,614 June 3,486,674 420,477 3,907,151 4,072,849 September 3,609,244 265,446 3,874,690 4,105,310 December 3,770,595 238,641 4,009,236 3,970,764 2004 March 3,966,922 231,683 4,198,605 3,781,395 June 4,281,378 263,560 4,544,938 3,435,062 September 4,476,150 281,577 4,757,727 3,222,273 December 4,712,400 298,891 5,011,291 2,968,709 2005 March 5,015,324 267,412 5,282,736 2,697,264 June 5,047,314 487,471 5,534,785 2,445,215 September 5,259,730 352,226 5,611,956 2,368,044 December 5,467,782 271,423 5,739,205 2,240,795 2006 March 5,613,475 211,021 5,824,496 2,155,504 June 5,803,923 205,051 6,008,974 1,971,026 September 6,078,119 160,737 6,238,856 1,741,144 December 6,201,362 212,896 6,414,258 1,565,742 2007 March 6,355,241 207,073 6,562,314 1,417,686 June 6,555,756 240,460 6,796,216 1,183,784 September 6,685,581 219,067 6,904,648 1,075,352 December 6,853,093 176,023 7,029,116 950,884 2008 March 7,001,587 191,687 7,193,274 786,726 June 7,192,852 225,175 7,418,027 561,973 September 7,304,334 284,988 7,589,322 390,678 December 7,493,634 262,118 7,755,752 244,248 2009 March 7,752,906 193,240 7,946,146 33,854 June 7,766,358 185,149 7,951,507 28,493 September 7,702,169 165,567 7,867,736 112,264 December 7,608,417 173,458 7,781,875 198,125 2010 March 7,758,447 135,697 7,894,144 85,856 1 - 2 See Notes to Table 20. 46 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened 205 Alabama Jan-47 478 Georgia Aug-00 507 Minnesota Jan-54 215 Pennsylvania Jan-47 251 Alabama Jun-01 678 Georgia Jan-98 612 Minnesota Jan-47 267 Pennsylvania Jul-99 256 Alabama Mar-98 706 Georgia May-92 651 Minnesota Jul-98 412 Pennsylvania Jan-47 334 Alabama Jan-95 762 Georgia May-06 763 Minnesota Feb-00 484 Pennsylvania Jun-99 938 Alabama Jul-10 770 Georgia Aug-95 952 Minnesota Feb-00 570 Pennsylvania Dec-98 907 Alaska Jan-57 912 Georgia Jan-54 228 Mississippi Sep-97 610 Pennsylvania Jan-94 684 American Somoa Oct-04 671 Guam Jul-97 601 Mississippi Jan-47 717 Pennsylvania Jan-47 480 Arizona Mar-99 808 Hawaii Jan-57 662 Mississippi Apr-99 724 Pennsylvania Feb-98 520 Arizona Mar-95 208 Idaho Jan-47 769 Mississippi Mar-05 814 Pennsylvania Jan-47 602 Arizona Jan-47 217 Illinois Jan-47 314 Missouri Jan-47 878 Pennsylvania Aug-01 623 Arizona Mar-99 224 Illinois Jan-02 417 Missouri Jan-50 787 Puerto Rico Mar-96 928 Arizona Jun-01 309 Illinois Jan-57 573 Missouri Jan-96 939 Puerto Rico Sep-01 327 Arkansas May-13 312 Illinois Jan-47 636 Missouri May-99 401 Rhode Island Jan-47 479 Arkansas Jan-02 331 Illinois Oct-07 660 Missouri Oct-97 803 South Carolina Jan-47 501 Arkansas Jan-47 618 Illinois Jan-47 816 Missouri Jan-47 843 South Carolina Mar-98 870 Arkansas Apr-97 630 Illinois Aug-96 406 Montana Jan-47 864 South Carolina Dec-95 209 California Jan-58 708 Illinois Nov-89 308 Nebraska Jan-55 605 South Dakota Jan-47 213 California Jan-47 773 Illinois Oct-96 402 Nebraska Jan-47 423 Tennessee Sep-95 310 California Nov-91 779 Illinois Mar-07 531 Nebraska Mar-11 615 Tennessee Jan-54 323 California Jun-98 815 Illinois Jan-47 702 Nevada Jan-47 731 Tennessee Feb-01 408 California Jan-59 847 Illinois Jan-96 775 Nevada Dec-98 865 Tennessee Nov-99 415 California Jan-47 872 Illinois Nov-09 603 New Hampshire Jan-47 901 Tennessee Jan-47 424 California Aug-06 219 Indiana Jan-47 201 New Jersey Jan-47 931 Tennessee Sep-97 442 California Nov-09 260 Indiana Jan-02 551 New Jersey Dec-01 210 Texas Nov-92 510 California Sep-91 317 Indiana Jan-47 609 New Jersey Jan-57 214 Texas Jan-47 530 California Nov-97 574 Indiana Jan-02 732 New Jersey Jun-97 254 Texas May-97 559 California Nov-98 765 Indiana Feb-97 848 New Jersey Dec-01 281 Texas Nov-96 562 California Jan-97 812 Indiana Jan-47 856 New Jersey Jun-99 325 Texas Apr-03 619 California Jan-82 319 Iowa Jan-47 862 New Jersey Dec-01 361 Texas Feb-99 626 California Jun-97 515 Iowa Jan-47 908 New Jersey Nov-90 409 Texas Nov-82 650 California Aug-97 563 Iowa Mar-01 973 New Jersey Jun-97 430 Texas Feb-03 657 California Sep-08 641 Iowa Jul-00 505 New Mexico Jan-47 432 Texas Apr-03 661 California Feb-99 712 Iowa Jan-47 575 New Mexico Oct-07 469 Texas Jul-99 707 California Jan-59 316 Kansas Jan-47 212 New York Jan-47 512 Texas Jan-47 714 California Jan-51 620 Kansas Feb-01 315 New York Jan-47 682 Texas Oct-00 747 California May-09 785 Kansas Jul-97 347 New York Oct-99 713 Texas Jan-47 760 California Mar-97 913 Kansas Jan-47 516 New York Jan-51 806 Texas Jan-57 805 California Jan-57 270 Kentucky Apr-99 518 New York Jan-47 817 Texas Jan-53 818 California Jan-84 364 Kentucky Oct-11 585 New York Nov-01 830 Texas Jul-97 831 California Jul-98 502 Kentucky Jan-47 607 New York Jan-54 832 Texas Jan-99 858 California Jun-99 606 Kentucky Jan-55 631 New York Nov-99 903 Texas Nov-90 909 California Nov-92 859 Kentucky Apr-00 646 New York Jul-99 915 Texas Jan-47 916 California Jan-47 225 Louisiana Aug-98 716 New York Jan-47 936 Texas Feb-00 925 California Mar-98 318 Louisiana Jan-57 718 New York Sep-84 940 Texas May-97 949 California Apr-98 337 Louisiana Oct-99 845 New York Jun-00 956 Texas Jul-97 951 California Jul-04 504 Louisiana Jan-47 914 New York Jan-47 972 Texas Sep-96 303 Colorado Jan-47 985 Louisiana Feb-01 917 New York Jan-92 979 Texas Feb-00 719 Colorado Mar-88 207 Maine Jan-47 929 New York Apr-11 385 Utah Mar-09 720 Colorado Jun-98 240 Maryland Jun-97 252 North Carolina Mar-98 435 Utah Sep-97 970 Colorado Apr-95 301 Maryland Jan-47 336 North Carolina Dec-97 801 Utah Jan-47 203 Connecticut Jan-47 410 Maryland Oct-91 704 North Carolina Jan-47 802 Vermont Jan-47 475 Connecticut Dec-09 443 Maryland Jun-97 828 North Carolina Mar-98 340 Virgin Islands Jun-97 860 Connecticut Aug-95 339 Massachusetts May-01 910 North Carolina Nov-93 276 Virginia Sep-01 302 Delaware Jan-47 351 Massachusetts May-01 919 North Carolina Jan-54 434 Virginia Jun-01 202 District of Columbia Jan-47 413 Massachusetts Jan-47 980 North Carolina Apr-01 540 Virginia Jul-95 239 Florida Mar-02 508 Massachusetts Jul-88 701 North Dakota Jan-47 571 Virginia Mar-00 305 Florida Jan-47 617 Massachusetts Jan-47 670 Northern Marianas Is. Jul-97 703 Virginia Jan-47 321 Florida Nov-99 774 Massachusetts May-01 216 Ohio Jan-47 757 Virginia Jul-96 352 Florida Dec-95 781 Massachusetts Sep-97 234 Ohio Oct-00 804 Virginia Jun-73 386 Florida Feb-01 857 Massachusetts May-01 330 Ohio Mar-96 206 Washington Jan-47 407 Florida Apr-88 978 Massachusetts Sep-97 419 Ohio Jan-47 253 Washington Apr-97 561 Florida May-96 231 Michigan Jun-99 440 Ohio Aug-97 360 Washington Jan-95 727 Florida Jul-98 248 Michigan May-97 513 Ohio Jan-47 425 Washington Apr-97 754 Florida Aug-01 269 Michigan Jul-02 567 Ohio Jan-02 509 Washington Jan-57 772 Florida Feb-02 313 Michigan Jan-47 614 Ohio Jan-47 304 West Virginia Jan-47 786 Florida Mar-98 517 Michigan Jan-47 740 Ohio Dec-97 681 West Virginia Mar-09 813 Florida Jan-53 586 Michigan Sep-01 937 Ohio Sep-96 262 Wisconsin Sep-99 850 Florida Jun-97 616 Michigan Jan-47 405 Oklahoma Jan-47 274 Wisconsin Mar-12 863 Florida Sep-99 734 Michigan Dec-97 539 Oklahoma Apr-11 414 Wisconsin Jan-47 904 Florida Jul-65 810 Michigan Dec-93 580 Oklahoma Nov-97 534 Wisconsin Aug-10 941 Florida May-95 906 Michigan Mar-61 918 Oklahoma Jan-53 608 Wisconsin Jan-55 954 Florida Sep-95 947 Michigan Sep-02 458 Oregon Feb-10 715 Wisconsin Jan-47 229 Georgia Aug-00 989 Michigan Apr-01 503 Oregon Jan-47 920 Wisconsin Jul-97 404 Georgia Jan-47 218 Minnesota Jan-47 541 Oregon Nov-95 307 Wyoming Jan-47 470 Georgia Feb-10 320 Minnesota Mar-96 971 Oregon Oct-00 Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator. Note: Implementation dates after 2009 are scheduled dates. Table 25 Area Codes by State (1947 - 2009) 47 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2009) Implementation Previous Added Location Date 1 Code Code Texas (Houston) Jan-99 713 832 California Feb-99 805 661 Texas Feb-99 512 361 Arizona Mar-99 602 480 Arizona Mar-99 602 623 Kentucky Apr-99 502 270 Mississippi Apr-99 601 662 Alberta May-99 403 780 Missouri May-99 314 636 Michigan Jun-99 616 231 Pennsylvania Jun-99 610 484 California Jun-99 619 858 New Jersey Jun-99 609 856 New York (Manhattan) Jun-99 212 646 Pennsylvania Jul-99 215 267 Texas (Dallas) Jul-99 214 469 Florida Sep-99 941 863 Wisconsin Sep-99 414 262 New York Oct-99 718 347 Louisiana Oct-99 318 337 Florida Nov-99 407 321 New York Nov-99 516 631 Tennessee Nov-99 423 865 Texas Feb-00 409 936 Texas Feb-00 409 979 Minnesota Feb-00 612 763 Minnesota Feb-00 612 952 Virginia Mar-00 703 571 Kentucky Apr-00 606 859 New York Jun-00 914 845 Iowa Jul-00 515 641 Georgia Aug-00 912 229 Georgia Aug-00 912 478 Oregon Oct-00 503 971 Texas Oct-00 817 682 Ohio Oct-00 330 234 Kansas Feb-01 316 620 Louisiana Feb-01 504 985 Tennessee Feb-01 901 731 Florida Feb-01 904 386 Ontario Mar-01 416 647 Iowa Mar-01 319 563 North Carolina Apr-01 704 980 Michigan Apr-01 517 989 Massachusetts May-01 508 774 Massachusetts May-01 617 857 Massachusetts May-01 781 339 Massachusetts May-01 978 351 Pennsylvania May-01 484 835 2 Pennsylvania May-01 267 445 3 Virginia Jun-01 804 434 Ontario Jun-01 905 289 Alabama Jun-01 334 251 Arizona Jun-01 520 928 Florida Aug-01 954 754 48 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2009) Pennsylvania Aug-01 412 878 Virginia Sep-01 540 276 Puerto Rico Sep-01 787 939 Michigan Sep-01 810 586 British Columbia Nov-01 604 778 New York Nov-01 716 585 New Jersey Dec-01 201 551 New Jersey Dec-01 732 848 New Jersey Dec-01 973 862 Ohio Jan-02 419 567 Illinois Jan-02 847 224 Indiana Jan-02 219 260 Indiana Jan-02 219 574 Arkansas Jan-02 501 479 Florida Feb-02 561 772 Florida Mar-02 941 239 Michigan Jul-02 616 269 Michigan Sep-02 248 947 Texas Feb-03 903 430 Texas Apr-03 915 325 Texas Apr-03 915 432 California Jul-04 909 951 Mississippi Mar-05 601 769 Dominican Republic Aug-05 809 829 Georgia May-06 706 762 California Aug-06 310 424 Ontario Oct-06 519 226 Quebec Nov-06 514 438 Illinois Mar-07 815 779 Illinois Oct-07 630 331 New Mexico Oct-07 505 575 California Sep-08 714 657 Kentucky Jan-09 270 364 Utah Mar-09 801 385 California May-09 818 747 Illinois Nov-09 312 872 California Nov-09 760 442 Connecticut Dec-09 203 475 Oregon Feb-10 541 458 Alabama Jul-10 256 938 Wisconsin Aug-10 715 534 Nebraska Mar-11 402 531 Kentucky Oct-11 270 364 Oklahoma Apr-11 918 539 New York Apr-11 347 929 Kentucky Oct-11 270 364 Wisconsin Mar-12 920 274 Arkansas May-13 870 327 Note: For years 1984 - 1998, see Industry Analysis Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Trends in Telephone Service (August 2003). 1 Implemenation dates after 2009 are scheduled dates. 2 The NANPA was able to reclaim area code 835. See Planning Letter 344. 3 The NANPA was able to reclaim area code 445. See Planning Letter 332. Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA), which can be accessed at www.nanpa.com. Planning letters can be found at www.nanpa.com/planning_letters/index.html. 49 Table 27 Number of Digits Necessary to Dial Local and Toll Calls from Wireline Phones (As of June 2010) Local Calls Toll Calls Toll Calls Within Same Between Within Same Between Require State Area Code Area Codes Area Code Area Codes Dialing 1 + Alabama 7 1 10 2 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Alaska 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arizona 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arkansas 7 3 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes California 7 4 1 + 10 7 4 1 + 10 No Colorado 7 5 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Connecticut 7 6 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Delaware 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes District of Columbia 7 10 NA 1 + 10 Yes Florida 7 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Georgia 7 8 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Hawaii 7 NA 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Idaho 6 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Illinois 7 9 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Indiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Iowa 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kansas 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kentucky 7 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Louisiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Maine 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No Maryland 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Massachusetts 10 11 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Michigan 7 12 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Minnesota 7 10 13 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Mississippi 7 14 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Missouri 7 15 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Montana 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nebraska 7 16 7 16 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nevada 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New Hampshire 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No New Jersey 10 17 1 + 10 10 17 1 + 10 No New Mexico 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New York 7 18 1 + 10 7 18 1 + 10 No North Carolina 7 19 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes North Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Ohio 7 20 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oklahoma 7 21 7 21 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oregon 10 22 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Pennsylvania 10 23 1 + 10 24 10 23 1 + 10 24 No Rhode Island 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No South Carolina 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes South Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Tennessee 7 10 25 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Texas 7 26 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Utah 10 27 10 27 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Vermont 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Virginia 7 28 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Washington 7 29 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes West Virginia 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wisconsin 7 30 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wyoming 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes NA - Not Applicable. Source: NPA database. The database is available at www.nanpa.com/area_codes/index.html. 50 Notes to Table 27 1 In area code 659 and 938, 10-digit dialing is used. 2 In area code 659 and 907, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 3 In area codes 327, 10-digit dialing is used. 4 In area codes 310, 442, 424, 657, 714, 747, 760 and 818, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 5 In area codes 303 and 720, 10-digit dialing is used. 6 In area codes 475 and 959, 10-digit dialing is used. 7 In area codes 305, 321, 407, 689, 754, 786, and 954, 10-digit dialing is used. 8 In area codes 404, 470, 678, 762, 706 and 770, 10-digit dialing is used. 9 In area codes 224, 331, 464, 447, 630, 779, 815, 847 and 872, 1+ 10-digit dialing is used. In addition, in area code 770, 10-digit dialing is used. 10 In area codes 270, 364 and 502, 7-digit dialing is used. 11 In area code 413, 7-digit dialing is used. 12 In area codes 248, 679 and 947, 10-digit dialing is used. 13 In area codes 218, 320, and 507, 7-digit dialing is used. 14 In area codes 601 and 769, 10-digit dialing is used. 15 In area code 557 and 975, 10-digit dialing is used. 16 In area code 531, 10-digit dialing is used. 17 In area codes 609, 856, and 908, 7-digit dialing is used. 18 In area codes 212, 347, 646, 718, 917 and 929, 1+10 digit dialing is used. 19 In area codes 704, 980 and 984, 10-digit dialing is used. 20 In area codes 234, 283, 330, 380, 419, and 567, 10-digit dialing is used. 21 In area code 539, 10-digit dialing is used. 22 In area code 541, 7-digit dialing is used. 23 In area codes 570, 717, and 814, 7-digit dialing is used. 24 In some area codes, local calls to some other area codes may be dialed using 10 digits. 25 In area codes 615 and 931, 7-digit dialing is used. 26 In area codes 214, 281, 430, 469, 682, 713, 817, 832, 903, and 972, 10-digit dialing is used. 27 In area code 435, 7-digit dialing is used. 28 In area codes 571 and 703, 10-digit dialing is used. 29 In area code 564, 10-digit dialing is used. 30 In area code 274 and 534, 10-digit dialing is used. 51 Customer Response Publication: Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States (NRUF data as of December 31, 2009). 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