STATEMENT OF
CHAIRMAN TOM WHEELER
Re:  Transition from TTY to Real-Time Text Technology, CG Docket No. 16-145; Petition for 
Rulemaking to Update the Commission’s Rules for Access to Support the Transition from TTY to 
Real-Time Text Technology, and Petition for Waiver of Rules Requiring Support of TTY 
Technology, GN Docket No. 15-178, Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed 
Rulemaking.
When our nation’s telecommunications system was first established, it was created without 
considering the needs of people who are deaf and hard-of-hearing.  As a consequence, people who are 
deaf, hard-of-hearing, and have speech disabilities were left out.  It was only when three deaf men –
Weitbrecht, Saks and Marsters – came up with the idea of using teletype machines to couple with 
telephones that the TTY was born in the 1960s.  These individuals did what the telephone companies did 
not.  They made telephone communication possible for people who could not hear or speak. 
But the TTY has only served as a band-aid for a telecommunications system that remains largely 
inaccessible to people with hearing and speech disabilities.  It is an antiquated technology that uses a long 
discarded protocol, and has considerable limitations – both in terms of its speed and reliability.  In 
addition, it only works on specialized equipment, keeping its users in telephone silos – apart from the 
mainstream telephone network that the rest of us use. 
Real-time text, as a native IP technology designed for the packet-switched network environment, 
has been recognized internationally as an effective replacement for TTY technology.  The universal 
availability of real-time text in virtually any off-the-shelf end user wireless device will allow both people 
with disabilities and people without disabilities to adopt this solution seamlessly and ubiquitously.
We now have the opportunity – as we design our new communications system that is based on 
Internet-protocol – to finally make our nation’s communications systems accessible to everyone.
In some places, this item sets out basic requirements for how to do this.  In others, it offers strong 
guidance on how to achieve this in a way that will ensure that people with disabilities have the same 
access as voice telephone users.
It is now up to industry to get this right.  It will be critical to work with consumers on this – to 
confer with people with disabilities about their needs, and the features that are essential to making real-
time text a successful alternative to TTYs and voice services.  We understand that a lot of industry-
consumer collaboration has already occurred on bringing us to this point.  Let’s make it to the finish line. 
I would like to thank many individuals and consumer organizations who contributed to this 
proceeding, many of whom have representatives here today.  In particular, I’d like to recognize the 
National Association of the Deaf, Telecommunications for the Deaf, the Hearing Loss Association of 
America, Communication Service for the Deaf, the Northern Virginia Resource Center for Deaf and Hard 
of Hearing Persons, Gregg Vanderheiden of the Trace Center and, finally, Gallaudet University who is 
represented by their President Bobbi Cordano and Christian Vogler.
Thank you to the wireless service providers, who have engaged on this issue, and who already 
have made significant progress on the deployment of real-time text.  Their leadership has brought us to 
this point.
Finally, thank you to the Commission staff for their work on this item. Frankly, I’m disappointed 
that this particular item did not go further.  But I could not be prouder of what our Disability Rights 
Office and FCC team have accomplished over the past four years to make communications technology 
more accessible to people with disabilities.  We prioritized text-to-911availability, improved accessibility 
of emergency information on “second screen” devices, adopted closed captioning quality standards, 
expanded hearing aid compatibility obligations to cover modern wireless devices, utilized and promoted 
greater use of customer support via American Sign Language on videophones, made our deaf-blind 
2equipment distribution program permanent,  established a Disability Advisory Committee, and sought to 
highlight  the need for more video-described programing.  Special thanks to Karen Peltz Strauss and CGB 
Directors Alison Kutler and Kris Monteith for their leadership, which made this progress possible.