Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States: Status as of December 31, 2019 Industry Analysis Division Office of Economics and Analytics March 2022 This report is available for reference in the FCC's Reference Information Center, 45 L Street NE, Washington, DC. Copies may be purchased by contacting Best Copy and Printing, Inc., 45 L Street NE, Washington, DC, telephone (800) 378-3160, or via their website at www.bcpiweb.com. The report can also be downloaded from the Office of Economics and Analytics Telephone Numbering website at www.fcc.gov/general/telephone-numbering-data. Table of Contents Executive Summary.................................................................................................................................................... 1 Highlights ................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Background ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Analysis and Results................................................................................................................................................... 4 Tables 1. Number Utilization by Carrier Type as of December 31, 2019 ........................................................................ 9 2. Detail of Number Utilization: Non-rural Carriers (Reported at the Thousands-block Level) .......................... 9 3. Detail of Number Utilization: Rural Carriers (Reported at the NXX Level) ................................................... 9 4. Number Utilization by State as of December 31, 2019 .................................................................................. 10 5. Number of Carriers Reporting Numbering Resources as of December 31, 2019 ........................................... 11 6. Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 ......................................................................... 12 7. Assigned, Aging, and Available Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 ..................................... 17 8. Pooled Thousands-blocks as of December 31, 2019 ...................................................................................... 22 9. Increased Utilization and Numbers Saved due to Thousands-Block Pooling as of December 31, 2019 ....... 23 10. Number Utilization for Specialized Non-Geographic Area Codes ................................................................. 23 11. Alternate Sources of NPA-NXX Assignments ............................................................................................... 23 12. Number Utilization over Time ........................................................................................................................ 25 13. NPA-NXX Assignments, Returns, and Net Assignments .............................................................................. 26 14. Porting Activity Since Wireless Porting Started ............................................................................................. 28 15. Numbers in the Porting Database Over Time ................................................................................................. 29 16. Numbers in the Porting Database by Porting Date as of December 31, 2019 ................................................ 30 17. Numbers Ported from Wireline Carriers by State and Recipient Carrier Type .............................................. 31 18. Numbers Ported from Wireless Carriers by State and Recipient Carrier Type .............................................. 32 19. Numbers Ported from VoIP Providers by State and Recipient Carrier Type ................................................. 33 20. Percentage of Assigned Numbers Currently Ported as of December 31, 2019 .............................................. 34 21. Numbers Assigned for Toll-Free Service ....................................................................................................... 35 22. Numbers Assigned for 800 Toll-Free Service ................................................................................................ 36 23. Numbers Assigned for 888 Toll-Free Service ................................................................................................ 37 24. Numbers Assigned for 877 Toll-Free Service ................................................................................................ 38 25. Numbers Assigned for 866 Toll-Free Service ................................................................................................ 39 26. Numbers Assigned for 855 Toll-Free Service ................................................................................................ 40 27. Numbers Assigned for 844 Toll-Free Service ................................................................................................ 40 28. Numbers Assigned for 833 Toll-Free Service ................................................................................................ 40 29. Area Codes by State (1947 - 2019) ................................................................................................................. 41 30. Area Code Assignments (2006 - 2019)........................................................................................................... 42 Charts 1. Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-blocks Held in a Rate Center ...................................... 24 . 2 NPA-NXX Assignments, Returns, and Net Assignments .............................................................................. 27 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States: Status as of December 31, 2019 Executive Summary This report summarizes an ongoing, systematic collection of comprehensive data on the utilization of telephone numbers within the United States.1 The information was acquired from telecommunications carriers holding numbering resources and was analyzed as part of our ongoing assessment of the efficacy of numbering resource optimization measures prescribed by the Commission’s Numbering Resource Optimization (NRO) Orders.2 Highlights As of December 31, 2019: • Overall, 52.2% of all numbers were assigned to end users. • The overall utilization rate for Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (LECs) was 46.0%. • The overall utilization rate for Incumbent LECs was 37.5%. • The overall utilization rate for Mobile Wireless carriers was 76.8%. • The overall utilization rate for Paging carriers was 4.6%. • The overall utilization rate for Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) providers was 19.8%. • The utilization rate of numbers assigned at the thousands-block level was 53.6%. • The utilization rate of numbers assigned at the NXX level was 9.1%. • Thousands-block pooling has made it unnecessary to distribute over 902 million telephone numbers. • Carriers returned 3.1 million telephone numbers to the NANPA in 2019. • Since wireless porting began in 2003, there have been over 690 million numbers ported. • Over 258 million numbers are currently ported. • 97% of ports have been intramodal, meaning numbers are ported between providers of the same service type. • There are currently 40.5 million working toll-free numbers. 1 The previous edition of this report with data as of December 31, 2018 was released in October 2020. 2 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 15 FCC Rcd 7574 (2000) (First NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, Second Report and Order, Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, and Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 16 FCC Rcd 306 (2000) (Second NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95- 116, Third Report and Order and Second Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, 17 FCC Rcd 252 (2001) (Third NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Fourth Report and Order in CC Docket No. 99-200 and CC Docket No. 95-116, and Fourth Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 18 FCC Rcd 12472 (2003) (Fourth NRO Order). U.S. Federal Communications Commission 1 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Background The United States uses ten-digit telephone numbers, organized in accordance with the North American Numbering Plan (NANP).3 The NANP divides the country into separate geographic areas called numbering plan areas (NPAs), more commonly called area codes. Calls between these areas are generally dialed using the three- digit area code, followed by a seven-digit local telephone number. When the NANP was established in 1947, only 78 area codes were assigned to telecommunications service providers in the United States. Only 36 new codes were added through 1989, but the rate of activation increased dramatically in the 1990s, when 112 new area codes were activated.4 Because the remaining supply of unassigned area codes was diminishing, and because a premature exhaust of area codes imposes significant costs on consumers, the Commission in 1999 initiated a proceeding to ensure that the limited numbering resources are used efficiently. In the First NRO Order, in 2000, the Commission required users of numbering resources to file utilization data and forecasts twice a year.5 Data as of December 31 are due to the North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA) by February 1, and data as of June 30 are due by August 1. The data are submitted using FCC Form 502, the Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast (NRUF) form.6 The vast majority of numbering resources reported were part of geographic area codes. That is, the numbers were part of area codes associated with specific regions of the United States or another country. For instance, area code 406 is associated with Montana, and area code 506 is associated with New Brunswick, Canada. Carriers are also required to report on utilization of some non-geographic area codes, such as 500 numbers and 900 numbers (described later in this report). Carriers use other types of non-geographic numbering resources as well: millions of numbers are used to provide toll-free services using non-geographic area codes such as 800, 888, 877 and 866. These numbering resources are managed separately. Historically, local telephone companies received geographic numbers in blocks of 10,000. These ten- thousands-blocks of numbers are often called NXXs, or central office codes, and are identifiable as the first three digits of a seven-digit telephone number.7 To conserve numbers, the Commission’s NRO Orders established “thousands-block number pooling,” where an NXX is broken into ten sequential blocks of 1,000 numbers.8 Carriers may then be required to donate unused or underutilized blocks to the Pooling Administrator (PA), which then assigns those thousands-blocks to other carriers in need of numbers.9 This effectively allows the assignment of numbers in blocks of 1,000 rather than 10,000. Most carriers are required to report their number utilization information at the thousands-block level so that the Commission can evaluate the efficacy of telephone number 3 The North American Numbering Plan is used in the United States and its territories, and in Canada, Bermuda, and many Caribbean nations, including Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The data contained in this report are limited to the United States and its overseas territories. 4 A database containing information about each area code is available at https://www.nationalnanpa.com/nanp1/npa_report.csv. 5 First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7603, para. 67. On October 16, 2018, the FCC selected Somos, Inc. as the current NANPA and PA. FCC Selects Somos as North American Numbering Plan Administrator & Pooling Administrator Under One-Year Bridge Contracts, News Release (rel. Oct. 16, 2018) available at https://docs.fcc.gov/public/attachments/DOC-354567A1.pdf (News Release). 6 FCC Form 502 and most other FCC forms can be downloaded via http://www.fcc.gov/formpage.html, 7 That is, a ten-thousands-block is the block of 10,000 telephone numbers that have the same area code and the same NXX. 8 Pooling for wireline and wireless carriers started in November 2002. For a discussion of this requirement, see Fourth NRO Order, 18 FCC Rcd at 12474-77, paras. 5–14. 9 As noted above, on October 16, 2018, the FCC selected Somos, Inc. as the NANPA and PA. See News Release. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 2 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States pooling. However, carriers that meet the statutory definition of “rural telephone company”10 and operate in non- pooling areas submit their number utilization information at the NXX level. In this report, we present utilization data for five types of carriers:11 • Competitive LECs • Incumbent LECs • Mobile Wireless Carriers • Paging Carriers • VoIP Providers In June 2015, the Commission adopted the Direct Access Order12 granting VoIP providers the ability to obtain numbers directly from the NANPA or PA. Prior to this order, VoIP providers were required to partner with a provider to obtain numbers. With almost all VoIP providers receiving their numbers from Competitive LECs, reports prior to this Order attributed VoIP numbers to Competitive LECs. Carriers report on numbering resources in the following six categories: 13 • Assigned: Numbers in use by an end user. • Intermediate: Numbers made available by one carrier for use by another. • Reserved: Numbers held out of use at the request of an end user for future use. • Aging: Numbers held out of use after the end user discontinues service. • Administrative: Numbers in use by service providers for network management purposes. • Available: Numbers available for assignment to end users. Some carriers receive telephone numbers from other carriers, as opposed to directly from the NANPA. When this occurs, the receiver is required to report utilization data for those numbers, and to mark those numbers as having been received from other carriers.14 In the past, when numbers were transferred from an Incumbent LEC to another carrier, they were classified as “assigned” because they could not be used elsewhere in the Incumbent LEC’s own system. According to the Commission’s standardized definitions such numbers are “intermediate” numbers, yet some large carriers have not reported these numbers as such. Because in some cases we were unable to match submissions that report intermediate numbers with submissions that report numbers as being received from another carrier, we created filters to ensure that numbers were not double counted. 10 See 47 U.S.C. § 153(37). 11 Carriers classified themselves in a variety of ways on their NRUF forms. Except for interexchange carriers, each carrier type was aggregated into one of five categories for the purposes of this report. Interexchange carriers reported data for area codes in the 5XX and 900 non-geographic NPAs, which are summarized in Table 10 of this report. Therefore, there was no need to classify interexchange carriers as one of the five carrier types listed above. Also, carriers may provide multiple types of services but may only indicate their primary line of business on the NRUF form. Only small carriers seem to do this, so the effects of this misclassification should be minor. 12 Numbering Policies for Modern Communications, et al., Report and Order, WC Docket No. 13-97, et al., 30 FCC Rcd 6839 (2015) (Direct Access Order). 13 Reserved numbers can be held for up to 180 days. Aging numbers may be aged no less than 45 days and no more than 90 days for residential customers and 365 days for commercial customers. For precise definitions of these categories, see 47 C.F.R. § 52.15. 14 This means that sometimes more than one carrier can report utilization data for the same thousands-block (or NXX). The NRUF form contains separate sections for reporting utilization data for numbers received from another carrier and numbers received directly from the NANPA. Some carriers that receive numbers only from other carriers use the incorrect section of the form, however, so within the database it can appear that more than one carrier reported data for the same block of numbers. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 3 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Where a Regional Bell Operating Company (RBOC) acquired a carrier with Competitive LEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired Competitive LEC in the RBOC's operating region were counted as Incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired Competitive LEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as Competitive LEC resources. Analysis and Results Table 1 shows the quantity of telephone numbers and NXXs reported by telecommunications carriers for each of the six categories listed above, as well as the total. Note that the number of unique NXXs for each carrier type does not add up to the total number of unique NXXs.15 This occurs when multiple carriers report data for the same numbering resource. In addition, some carriers reported at the thousands-block level and other carriers reported at the NXX level for the same NXX. Table 2 presents statistics for numbers where carriers report the utilization information at the thousands- block level. Only carriers that do not meet the statutory definition of a rural carrier are required to report in this manner. Table 3 presents statistics for rural carriers, which are required to report only at the NXX level.16 As might be expected, overall utilization rates are lower in rural areas than in more urban areas. Table 4 shows utilization statistics on a state-by-state basis. States that are relatively rural and have low population densities have a lower percentage of assigned numbers than more urban, populous states. Again, carriers report only numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include NXXs not yet assigned to a carrier. Table 5 shows the number of Operating Company Numbers (OCNs) that reported telephone number utilization data for each state. Carriers are required to report their NRUF data at the OCN level.17 Carriers typically obtain one or more OCNs for each state in which they operate. Table 6 shows utilization statistics by area code. The table also shows the total number of OCNs reporting each area code. Since carriers report only numbers assigned to them, the quantity of available numbers does not include any NXXs in the state not yet assigned to a carrier. Table 7 shows assigned, aging, and available numbers for wireline carriers (Incumbent LECs and Competitive LECs), mobile wireless carriers, and VoIP providers, by area code. The information in Table 7 is useful for at least two reasons. First, Table 7 provides some indication of the number of working telephone lines in each area code. The number of working lines per area code cannot be perfectly divined from this information, because the relationship between lines and numbers is not always one-to-one. Although mobile wireless carriers typically assign one geographic telephone number to each subscriber, wireline carriers sometimes do not. Some wireline customers want multiple telephone numbers associated with a smaller number of lines, for example, when the customer has a private branch exchange. Other customers, especially those expecting many inbound calls, such as to a help line, may want a single telephone number that serves many lines. Thus, the quantity of telephone numbers in an area code provides only a rough guide to the number of lines in service in each area code. 15 In some instances, more than one carrier reported numbering utilization data for the same NPA-NXX. Tables 1-3 show the numbers of unique NPA-NXXs reported by each carrier type and by the industry as a whole. 16 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7604-05, para. 71. A small number of rural carriers may operate in areas with pooling. As all carriers in pooling areas are required to report at the thousands-block level, rural carriers in pooling areas, if any, should be included in Table 2 rather than Table 3. 17 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7594, para. 41. Carriers obtain OCNs from the National Exchange Carrier Association. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 4 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Second, the information in Table 7 provides the only information the FCC collects for examining churn.18 After a customer disconnects from a carrier’s network and chooses not to port the number to another carrier, that carrier will hold that number out of circulation (“age” the number) for up to ninety days if the customer was a residential subscriber, and up to one year if the customer was a business subscriber. Therefore, the quantity of aging numbers gives some indication of the number of customers that have disconnected in the previous three months to a year. Aging numbers, however, do not give a perfect indication of churn. Aside from not measuring numbers ported to another carrier, not all carriers age their numbers for the full time allowed. Where carriers have limited numbers and cannot immediately obtain new numbers from the NANPA or PA because of area code rationing, they may assign telephone numbers that have not been aged for the full time that the state regulatory commissions have prescribed. (Thousands-block pooling alleviates this problem by making more numbering resources available.) Therefore, at any given time, the number of aging numbers is likely smaller than the number of customers that have changed providers or disconnected service. Table 8 focuses on telephone number pooling. It shows the number of thousands-blocks carriers received from the PA, the total number of thousands-blocks in telephone rate centers where pooling exists,19 and the percentage of those thousands-blocks that are pooled. A thousands-block is potentially poolable when 90% or more of the numbers are classified as available for assignment. Pooling is required in the top 100 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs).20 Pooling also occurs in areas where a state regulatory commission has exercised delegated authority to require pooling and where carriers have voluntarily implemented pooling.21 The Commission established an initial national roll-out schedule for thousands-block number pooling for wireline carriers – completed in December 200322 – and required most mobile wireless telephony carriers to participate in that schedule starting in August 2003.23 Table 9 examines the efficacy of thousands-block pooling by showing the utilization of the thousands- blocks that were distributed by the PA and the utilization rate that would have resulted had whole NXXs been issued.24 Overall, the utilization rate for numbers in pooled blocks was 67.0%. If whole NXXs had been issued instead of individual thousands-blocks, utilization within those blocks would have been 28.3%. Another way of measuring the benefit of pooling is examining the quantity of telephone numbers saved through pooling. With pooling, 628 million telephone numbers were distributed to carriers in pooling areas. Had there been no pooling, over 1.5 billion telephone numbers would have been distributed. More than 850 million telephone numbers have been saved through thousands-block pooling. 18 Churn is the rate at which customers change carriers or disconnect service. 19 A rate center is a geographic area used to determine distances and prices for local and long-distance calls. 20 The composition of MSAs may change over time. If a rate center is part of a top 100 MSA at any time after 1990, then the FCC generally requires number pooling. See Fourth NRO Order, 18 FCC Rcd at 12473, para. 2. 21Thousands-block pooling now exists in some portion of every state. See National Pooling Administrator, Reports – Block Report by Region available at https://www.nationalpooling.com/reports/block-by-region/index.htm. See generally WC Docket No. 07-118 (orders adopting rules on number pooling). 22 See The Common Carrier Bureau Announces The First Quarter Schedule For National Thousands-Block Number Pooling, CC Docket No. 99-200, Public Notice, 17 FCC Rcd 103 (2001). See also Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order, 17 FCC Rcd 7347 (2002). 23 See Fourth NRO Order, 18 FCC Rcd at 12473, para 1; 68 F.R, 43009, July 21, 2003. Thus, the Commission required wireless telephone carriers to participate in thousands-block number pooling (starting on August 20, 2003) somewhat before they were required to begin deploying local number portability (by November 24, 2003). 24 Calculating the utilization rate had whole NXXs been issued was a 4-step process: 1) the number of thousands-blocks that a carrier held in a rate center was determined; 2) that number was rounded up to the next ten, which is the number of thousands-blocks the carrier would have received if it had received whole NXXs; 3) the number in step 2 was multiplied by 1,000 to calculate the total quantity of telephone numbers the carrier would have had in the rate center; and 4) the number of telephone numbers that the carrier actually has in that rate center is then subtracted from the quantity calculated in step 3. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 5 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 10 shows utilization data for specialized non-geographic area codes. Originally, area code 500 was used for “follow me” service, which, among other things, can be used to route an incoming call to different phone numbers, depending on the time of day. Recently, more non-geographic area codes in the 500 series have been opened and numbers within them are often used for machine-to-machine communications, such as for alarm systems. 25 Area code 900 is used for information services where the caller is not charged long-distance rates set by the caller’s long-distance carrier, but usually is charged much higher prices that are preset by the call’s recipient. Table 11 focuses on NPA-NXX assignment information. There are three different databases that contain sources of NPA-NXX assignment information: the NANPA’s NRUF database, the NANPA’s NANP Administration System (NAS) database of NPA-NXX assignments, and the Local Exchange Routing Guide (LERG).26 For a variety of reasons, the databases are not identical. Timing is a large factor in the differences. For instance, during an area code split, a carrier will maintain both the old and new NPA-NXXs in its systems during the phase called permissive dialing.27 During permissive dialing, some carriers report utilization data for both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. After permissive dialing ends, the carrier should immediately remove the old NPA-NXXs from the LERG and its own systems. The NANPA also updates its information as well. Some carriers may not remove the old NPA-NXXs from their systems promptly after permissive dialing ends and may therefore report utilization data on both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Also, carriers sometimes delay updating the LERG after an NPA-NXX has been removed from their switch or when the carrier has given the NPA-NXX back to the NANPA. Consequently, the NRUF database, the NANPA assignment database, and the LERG may not be identical. Table 11 shows the number of NPA-NXXs that appear in the three databases. Chart 1 shows average utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands-blocks held by carriers of different types within a local geographic area.28 We used rate centers as our local geographic area because thousands-blocks are assigned to carriers on a rate-center basis. Carriers serving densely populated areas may need more than a single thousands-block to provide service. In these densely populated areas, carriers should generally be able to achieve higher utilization rates than carriers serving less densely populated areas, where one thousands-block (or in many rural areas, an NXX) may be used to serve just a few customers. For ease of comparison, Chart 1 plots utilization rates only when there were 1,000 or fewer thousands- blocks in a rate center. While some Incumbent LECs reported more than 1,000 unique thousands-blocks in a single rate center, the average utilization rates in these rate centers were the same as those where the carrier has just fewer than 1,000 thousands-blocks. In some cases, Competitive LECs had many thousands-blocks in a single rate center. This is likely because some Competitive LECs provide service to unified messaging services, such as 25 For more information, see ATIS Non-Geographic 5XX-NXX Code Assignment Guidelines at https://access.atis.org/apps/group_public/download.php/51937/ATIS-0300052%282020-03%29.zip. Also, see 5XX-NXX Assignments at https://nationalnanpa.com/number_resource_info/5XX_codes.html. 26 The NANPA’s assignment information can be found online: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. The analysis in Table 11 examines only those codes that NANPA marked “assigned” (i.e., this study does not examine those codes marked “protected”, “reserved”, “unassignable”, or “vacant”). The LERG is published monthly by Telcordia Technologies d/b/a iconectiv. 27 During permissive dialing, a phone number may be called by using either the old or the new NPA. 28 The points in Chart 1 were calculated using a three-step process. First, thousands-blocks were grouped depending on the number of thousands-blocks held by a carrier within a rate center. Second, the number of thousands-blocks held in a rate center was rounded to the nearest twenty, to help protect the confidentiality of the data. Third, the average utilization rates were calculated for each of the groups (i.e., from the group of 10 thousands-blocks per rate center through the group of 1,000 thousands-blocks per rate center). For example, for all instances where a carrier reported from 10 to 29 (which round to 20) thousands-blocks in a rate center, the average utilization rate was calculated. A similar average utilization rate was calculated for all instances where, for a carrier in a rate center, the number of thousands- blocks in a rate center was rounded to 40, 60, and so on through 1,000. To preserve carrier confidentiality, some data points have been collapsed into a single data point. For example, if there were only two companies with 350 thousands-blocks in a rate center, and another two companies with 360 thousands-blocks in a rate center, those data points were collapsed. This way, no carrier-specific data are released. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 6 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States e-fax.29 These services use large quantities of numbers.30 Also, before the Direct Access Order allowed them to obtain numbers directly from the NANPA or PA, many VoIP providers obtained telephone numbers by partnering with a local exchange carrier through a commercial arrangement. Not all of these numbers have been ported to the VoIP provider, so those numbers remain with the LEC. Table 12 shows the percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end users over time. The utilization rate for Incumbent LECs is slowly declining and mobile wireless and Competitive LEC utilization rates are generally increasing. The utilization rate for paging services continues to drop. Table 13 shows, on a semi-annual basis, the number of NXX assignments made by the NANPA, the number of NXXs that have been returned to the NANPA, and the number of net NXX assignments to carriers. The table shows that fewer NXXs generally are being issued each quarter, and that carriers continue to return unneeded NPA-NXXs to the NANPA for reassignment. Tables 14 through 20 display information on telephone number porting. All telephone number porting information in this report is derived from the local number portability database, which was designed solely for routing calls.31 There are several reasons the quantity of ported numbers in the database at any given time does not equal the sum of numbers ported in prior months. When consumers who have already ported their telephone numbers do so again, the porting database retains only the most recent porting activity for those numbers. Consumers can also port their numbers back to the original carrier, which are counted as ports even though the numbers drop out of the porting database.32 Also, carriers sometimes port blocks of numbers to other carriers before reassigning them in the LERG. Once the numbers are reassigned, they can be dropped from the porting database. Table 14 shows, on a semi-annual basis, the quantities of telephone numbers that have been ported since wireless porting started on November 24, 2003. The table shows that most porting activity is intramodal, meaning numbers are usually ported to providers of the same service type. Table 15 shows the quantity of telephone numbers in the porting database over time. Table 16 is based on ports currently in the porting database and shows the period in which the numbers were most recently ported. In June 2013, a technical trial began allowing VoIP providers to obtain numbering resources directly from the NANPA and PA.33 Prior to this trial, any ports to or from a VoIP provider would appear as ports to or from a wireline carrier, as most VoIP providers obtained their numbers from a wireline carrier. 29 Unified messaging services allow end users to receive multiple types of messages (such as voice mail and faxes) at one phone number. Typically, these messages are then digitized and e-mailed to the end user. Because the end user does not need to answer the call personally, the messages can be sent to any phone number in the United States. Thus, unified messaging service providers can operate efficiently by obtaining many thousands-blocks in a single rate center. 30 Carriers assigning numbers to unified messaging services are instructed to report numbers as “intermediate” until the numbers are assigned by the unified messaging service providers to end users. Some carriers have assigned large quantities of numbers to unified messaging services but may not have received information back from the unified messaging company as to whether those numbers had been assigned to end users. This may explain why some carriers reported dozens of NXXs in a single rate center yet classified all those numbers as intermediate rather than assigned. 31 The current Local Number Portability Administrator is Telcordia Technologies d/b/a iconectiv. Telcordia Technologies, Inc. Petition to Reform Amendment 57 and to Order a Competitive Bidding Process for Number Portability Administration, et al., WC Docket Nos. 07- 149, 09-109, 95-116, Order, 31 FCC Rcd 8406 (2016). 32 When a consumer using a ported number discontinues service entirely, the number drops out of the porting database and is returned to the original carrier. 33 Numbering Policies for Modern Communications; IP-Enabled Services; Telephone Number Requirements for IP-Enabled Services Providers; Telephone Number Portability; Developing a Unified Intercarrier Compensation Regime; Connect America Fund; Numbering Resource Optimization; Petition of Vonage Holdings Corp. for Limited Waiver of Section 52.15(f)(2)(i) of the Commission’s Rules Regarding Access to Numbering Resources, WC Docket Nos. 13-97, 04-36, 07-243, 10-90, CC Docket Nos. 95-116, 01-92, Order, 28 FCC Rcd 8889, para. 1 (WCB 2013). U.S. Federal Communications Commission 7 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Tables 17 through 19 show the number of ports in the database along with the number of carriers involved in porting. The data are presented on a state-by-state basis with each table representing a carrier type: wireline, wireless, and VoIP. Paging carriers are not required to port numbers. Table 20 shows the percentage of assigned numbers that were ported. Customers may port numbers multiple times, and in doing so, change the nature of their service (wireline versus wireless versus VoIP). As a result, there are two possible methods of determining whether a number was ported from a wireline carrier. The first method is to use the type of carrier that most recently ported the number away from itself, and the second is to determine which type of carrier originally held the number. The choice of methodologies depends on what is being measured. Because it is useful to know porting patterns for numbers as they are currently being used, Tables 14 and 20 use the porting carrier’s type to establish whether a wireline or wireless number is being ported. For the rest of the tables, the original carrier’s type is used to determine the porting carrier’s type. This is done so that the number of wireless subscribers can be better determined.34 For instance, to properly calculate the number of wireless units at a particular point in time using telephone number data, one can add the quantity of wireless assigned numbers as reported on NRUF forms to the number of ports to wireless carriers and subtract the number of ports from wireless carriers.35 Tables 21 through 28 show information about toll-free numbers in the North American Numbering Plan. AT&T introduced toll-free service in 1967. The Commission changed procedures for routing toll-free calls on May 1, 1993 to make toll-free numbers "portable." This change enabled customers to switch service providers yet retain their toll-free numbers. The quantity of assigned toll-free numbers grew rapidly, and new toll-free calling codes were opened to meet the demand. In March 1996, calling code 888 was placed into service. The third toll- free calling code (877) went into effect April 4, 1998, and the fourth toll-free calling code (866) went into effect July 29, 2000. The fifth toll-free calling code (855) went into effect October 10, 2010, the sixth toll-free calling code (844) went into effect December 7, 2013 and the seventh toll-free calling code (833) went into effect June 3, 2017. Tables 21 through 28 show the growth of each individual toll-free code over the past decade: 800, 888, 877, 866, 855, 844, and 833, respectively. Table 29 shows the current list of area codes, the state or territory they serve and the month the code was opened. Table 30 shows area code assignments since January 2005, along with the month the code was added and the code that served the area previously. 34 According to NRUF rules, a number that is ported to another carrier is classified as assigned. To avoid double counting, the recipient of the ported number does not report ported numbers in NRUF. See 47 C.F.R. § 52.15 (f)(1)(v). 35 If carriers assign more than one number to a mobile wireless unit, this method will slightly overestimate the number of wireless units. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 8 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 1 Number Utilization by Carrier Type as of December 31, 2019 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative 1 Total Unique Carrier Type Available (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Competitive LEC 240,495 14,955 2,512 15,749 1,192 248,085 522,989 89,245 Incumbent LEC 201,126 22,078 3,453 3,866 8,471 296,712 535,705 62,989 Mobile Wireless 429,030 826 3,290 15,414 3,993 106,406 558,958 85,556 Paging 2,240 43 712 79 56 45,403 48,533 4,265 VoIP 1,762 1 11 711 4 6,413 8,901 6,739 All Reporting Carriers 874,653 37,903 9,978 35,819 13,715 703,018 1,675,086 167,822 2 Competitive LEC 46.0% 2.9% 0.5% 3.0% 0.2% 47.4% 100.0% Incumbent LEC 37.5% 4.1% 0.6% 0.7% 1.6% 55.4% 100.0% Mobile Wireless 76.8% 0.1% 0.6% 2.8% 0.7% 19.0% 100.0% Paging 4.6% 0.1% 1.5% 0.2% 0.1% 93.6% 100.0% VoIP 19.8% 0.0% 0.1% 8.0% 0.0% 72.0% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 52.2% 2.3% 0.6% 2.1% 0.8% 42.0% 100.0% Table 2 Detail of Number Utilization: Non-rural Carriers (Reported at the Thousands-block Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative 1 Total Unique Carrier Type Available (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Competitive LEC 239,969 14,942 2,428 15,715 1,151 242,761 516,966 88,694 Incumbent LEC 197,740 21,777 2,700 3,624 8,261 259,008 493,111 58,773 Mobile Wireless 428,253 801 3,266 15,361 3,850 103,466 554,998 85,175 Paging 2,062 28 683 46 20 44,684 47,523 4,180 VoIP 1,760 1 11 711 4 6,403 8,890 6,738 All Reporting Carriers 869,785 37,550 9,088 35,458 13,286 656,321 1,621,488 162,669 2 Competitive LEC 46.4% 2.9% 0.5% 3.0% 0.2% 47.0% 100.0% Incumbent LEC 40.1% 4.4% 0.5% 0.7% 1.7% 52.5% 100.0% Mobile Wireless 77.2% 0.1% 0.6% 2.8% 0.7% 18.6% 100.0% Paging 4.3% 0.1% 1.4% 0.1% 0.0% 94.0% 100.0% VoIP 19.8% 0.0% 0.1% 8.0% 0.0% 72.0% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 53.6% 2.3% 0.6% 2.2% 0.8% 40.5% 100.0% Table 3 Detail of Number Utilization: Rural Carriers (Reported at the NXX Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative 1 Total Unique Carrier Type Available (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Competitive LEC 526 13 85 34 41 5,324 6,023 602 Incumbent LEC 3,386 301 752 242 209 37,704 42,594 4,262 Mobile Wireless 777 25 24 52 142 2,940 3,960 394 Paging 178 14 29 33 36 719 1,010 85 VoIP 1 0 0 0 0 10 11 1 All Reporting Carriers 4,868 353 890 362 429 46,697 53,598 5,334 2 Competitive LEC 8.7% 0.2% 1.4% 0.6% 0.7% 88.4% 100.0% Incumbent LEC 7.9% 0.7% 1.8% 0.6% 0.5% 88.5% 100.0% Mobile Wireless 19.6% 0.6% 0.6% 1.3% 3.6% 74.2% 100.0% Paging 17.6% 1.4% 2.9% 3.3% 3.6% 71.3% 100.0% VoIP 11.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 88.8% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 9.1% 0.7% 1.7% 0.7% 0.8% 87.1% 100.0% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with Somos, Inc. through June 30, 2020. 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. 2 Unduplicated total. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. Where an RBOC has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 9 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 4 Number Utilization by State as of December 31, 2019 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available1 Total State / Jurisdiction 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s Alabama 11,115 44.2 1,502 6.0 102 0.4 557 2.2 258 1.0 11,604 46.2 25,138 Alaska 1,785 28.2 168 2.7 51 0.8 48 0.8 86 1.4 4,182 66.2 6,320 American Samoa 58 32.5 0 0.2 1 0.7 6 3.4 4 2.2 110 61.1 180 Arizona 16,945 63.2 273 1.0 165 0.6 629 2.3 1,083 4.0 7,710 28.8 26,805 Arkansas 6,483 38.6 336 2.0 93 0.6 259 1.5 95 0.6 9,528 56.7 16,794 California 107,842 58.0 3,011 1.6 849 0.5 4,461 2.4 1,279 0.7 68,557 36.9 185,998 Colorado 16,243 60.1 252 0.9 224 0.8 532 2.0 839 3.1 8,922 33.0 27,011 Connecticut 9,225 54.2 228 1.3 124 0.7 358 2.1 41 0.2 7,039 41.4 17,015 Delaware 3,379 60.2 75 1.3 29 0.5 166 3.0 11 0.2 1,949 34.8 5,609 District of Columbia 5,539 74.1 54 0.7 64 0.9 210 2.8 15 0.2 1,598 21.4 7,479 Florida 50,431 56.8 5,136 5.8 911 1.0 2,840 3.2 724 0.8 28,735 32.4 88,778 Georgia 26,467 52.8 3,938 7.9 359 0.7 1,175 2.3 436 0.9 17,723 35.4 50,099 Guam 352 45.1 0 0.0 2 0.2 23 2.9 9 1.2 394 50.6 780 Hawaii 3,778 62.4 6 0.1 25 0.4 111 1.8 193 3.2 1,940 32.0 6,052 Idaho 4,021 53.8 53 0.7 60 0.8 145 1.9 291 3.9 2,898 38.8 7,467 Illinois 35,924 47.4 856 1.1 300 0.4 1,279 1.7 413 0.5 37,023 48.8 75,796 Indiana 15,438 46.7 507 1.5 143 0.4 568 1.7 149 0.5 16,271 49.2 33,075 Iowa 7,951 34.8 260 1.1 130 0.6 313 1.4 316 1.4 13,897 60.8 22,867 Kansas 8,545 40.9 501 2.4 248 1.2 297 1.4 151 0.7 11,175 53.4 20,918 Kentucky 9,672 39.9 1,111 4.6 139 0.6 453 1.9 135 0.6 12,752 52.6 24,262 Louisiana 11,087 43.8 1,555 6.1 76 0.3 544 2.1 240 0.9 11,813 46.7 25,316 Maine 3,254 37.8 60 0.7 62 0.7 182 2.1 38 0.4 5,009 58.2 8,605 Maryland 18,996 60.7 274 0.9 159 0.5 759 2.4 115 0.4 10,973 35.1 31,276 Massachusetts 24,221 54.8 485 1.1 396 0.9 1,162 2.6 141 0.3 17,790 40.3 44,196 Michigan 28,586 47.1 514 0.8 259 0.4 1,007 1.7 197 0.3 30,118 49.6 60,681 Minnesota 15,686 47.0 353 1.1 121 0.4 515 1.5 520 1.6 16,214 48.5 33,408 Mississippi 5,563 36.3 813 5.3 33 0.2 268 1.8 133 0.9 8,518 55.6 15,329 Missouri 15,458 44.0 696 2.0 215 0.6 738 2.1 182 0.5 17,827 50.8 35,115 Montana 2,327 32.5 21 0.3 32 0.4 90 1.3 73 1.0 4,613 64.5 7,155 Nebraska 5,771 44.3 90 0.7 37 0.3 138 1.1 234 1.8 6,752 51.9 13,022 Nevada 8,286 62.6 131 1.0 129 1.0 524 4.0 92 0.7 4,082 30.8 13,243 New Hampshire 3,479 39.0 54 0.6 75 0.8 126 1.4 16 0.2 5,181 58.0 8,931 New Jersey 27,555 57.8 559 1.2 256 0.5 1,243 2.6 182 0.4 17,881 37.5 47,676 New Mexico 4,790 50.1 88 0.9 130 1.4 222 2.3 291 3.0 4,035 42.2 9,555 New York 61,544 60.1 1,145 1.1 623 0.6 2,748 2.7 389 0.4 35,985 35.1 102,434 North Carolina 22,963 51.0 2,568 5.7 381 0.8 1,053 2.3 359 0.8 17,735 39.4 45,060 North Dakota 1,796 26.4 29 0.4 15 0.2 59 0.9 44 0.6 4,868 71.5 6,811 Northern Mariana Islands 94 34.9 0 0.0 0 0.2 7 2.6 1 0.2 168 62.1 270 Ohio 32,101 51.6 790 1.3 303 0.5 1,185 1.9 296 0.5 27,567 44.3 62,242 Oklahoma 8,670 37.9 651 2.8 61 0.3 378 1.7 135 0.6 12,976 56.7 22,872 Oregon 10,176 53.0 183 1.0 204 1.1 347 1.8 339 1.8 7,963 41.4 19,213 Pennsylvania 40,389 57.4 735 1.0 323 0.5 1,480 2.1 265 0.4 27,181 38.6 70,373 Puerto Rico 6,046 61.8 72 0.7 77 0.8 253 2.6 56 0.6 3,277 33.5 9,781 Rhode Island 2,818 55.8 53 1.1 35 0.7 113 2.2 14 0.3 2,014 39.9 5,046 South Carolina 10,227 47.1 1,390 6.4 88 0.4 494 2.3 211 1.0 9,325 42.9 21,735 South Dakota 2,043 30.6 19 0.3 20 0.3 85 1.3 60 0.9 4,453 66.7 6,680 Tennessee 16,034 49.5 2,338 7.2 154 0.5 732 2.3 275 0.8 12,849 39.7 32,382 Texas 71,238 53.7 2,649 2.0 926 0.7 2,552 1.9 834 0.6 54,537 41.1 132,735 Utah 8,751 61.5 130 0.9 62 0.4 274 1.9 352 2.5 4,664 32.8 14,233 Vermont 1,605 30.4 58 1.1 25 0.5 52 1.0 10 0.2 3,525 66.8 5,275 Virgin Islands 160 34.0 1 0.2 3 0.6 7 1.4 3 0.6 298 63.3 470 Virginia 23,755 60.4 427 1.1 243 0.6 856 2.2 166 0.4 13,907 35.3 39,354 Washington 18,652 60.4 227 0.7 201 0.7 560 1.8 660 2.1 10,602 34.3 30,903 West Virginia 4,001 39.9 93 0.9 41 0.4 140 1.4 37 0.4 5,715 57.0 10,027 Wisconsin 13,933 44.7 366 1.2 148 0.5 435 1.4 147 0.5 16,170 51.8 31,198 Wyoming 1,405 34.8 17 0.4 46 1.1 61 1.5 79 2.0 2,429 60.1 4,039 United States 874,653 52.2 37,903 2.3 9,978 0.6 35,819 2.1 13,715 0.8 703,018 42.0 1,675,086 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with Somos, Inc. through June 30, 2020. 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 10 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 5 Number of OCNs Reporting Numbering Resources as of December 31, 20191 Competitive Incumbent Mobile Unduplicated State / Jurisdiction Paging2 VoIP2 LEC2 LEC2 Wireless2 Total Alabama 46 28 9 5 8 96 Alaska 6 23 12 0 1 42 American Samoa 0 1 3 0 0 4 Arizona 32 13 9 5 11 70 Arkansas 27 29 9 4 6 75 California 57 15 9 7 12 100 Colorado 40 34 13 4 12 103 Connecticut 31 2 7 3 5 48 Delaware 27 1 5 3 3 39 District Of Columbia 38 1 6 3 7 55 Florida 64 11 13 5 14 107 Georgia 59 27 11 5 10 112 Guam 3 1 3 0 0 7 Hawaii 11 3 5 1 3 23 Idaho 29 24 12 3 5 73 Illinois 63 47 13 5 10 138 Indiana 59 29 10 3 6 107 Iowa 87 150 13 3 9 262 Kansas 50 48 13 3 8 122 Kentucky 55 16 18 2 8 99 Louisiana 42 15 9 5 9 80 Maine 21 18 6 3 4 52 Maryland 57 2 11 3 9 82 Massachusetts 44 3 8 3 11 69 Michigan 55 32 9 4 8 108 Minnesota 69 89 9 2 8 177 Mississippi 32 17 10 4 7 70 Missouri 46 45 12 7 8 118 Montana 23 22 12 1 5 63 Nebraska 32 47 12 2 5 98 Nevada 33 13 9 3 8 66 New Hampshire 30 7 6 4 2 49 New Jersey 53 3 9 3 12 80 New Mexico 28 18 10 3 5 64 New York 74 29 10 6 12 131 North Carolina 56 25 11 3 8 103 North Dakota 26 33 9 0 6 74 Northern Mariana Islands 0 1 2 0 0 3 Ohio 60 37 10 3 10 120 Oklahoma 36 42 12 3 8 101 Oregon 42 32 8 3 6 91 Pennsylvania 65 28 21 6 11 131 Puerto Rico 9 1 6 0 0 16 Rhode Island 20 1 5 3 6 35 South Carolina 43 22 8 4 7 84 South Dakota 29 41 7 0 8 85 Tennessee 55 23 12 4 9 103 Texas 88 59 21 7 12 187 Utah 24 16 12 2 10 64 Vermont 20 9 6 3 4 42 Virgin Islands 1 1 4 0 0 6 Virginia 57 20 12 5 9 103 Washington 42 22 9 3 11 87 West Virginia 30 7 13 5 7 62 Wisconsin 55 66 11 3 7 142 Wyoming 17 15 10 0 4 46 Unduplicated Total 1,855 1,128 201 48 20 3,252 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with Somos, Inc. through June 30, 2020. 1 Carriers typically obtain at least one OCN per state in which they do business. Thus, carriers with multiple OCNs are counted multiple times with the exception that is noted following Table 3. 2 Carriers occasionally misclassify the type of service that they provide. For instance, the competitive LEC operations of incumbent LECs are occasionally classified as incumbent LEC operations. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 11 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 6 Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 Area Code State / Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available OCNs 201 New Jersey January 1947 64.2 % 1.1 % 0.5 % 2.9 % 0.6 % 30.7 % 52 202 District of Columbia January 1947 74.1 % 0.7 % 0.9 % 2.8 % 0.2 % 21.4 % 55 203 Connecticut January 1947 57.9 % 1.1 % 0.8 % 2.2 % 0.2 % 37.9 % 36 205 Alabama January 1947 50.4 % 7.8 % 0.3 % 2.9 % 1.3 % 37.3 % 56 206 Washington January 1947 66.1 % 0.7 % 0.6 % 2.1 % 2.7 % 27.9 % 49 207 Maine January 1947 37.8 % 0.7 % 0.7 % 2.1 % 0.4 % 58.2 % 58 208 Idaho January 1947 53.8 % 0.7 % 0.8 % 2.0 % 3.9 % 38.8 % 73 209 California January 1958 52.5 % 1.3 % 0.2 % 2.4 % 0.6 % 42.8 % 53 210 Texas November 1992 71.1 % 2.2 % 0.4 % 2.3 % 0.6 % 23.4 % 43 212 New York January 1947 70.3 % 0.0 % 0.7 % 1.7 % 0.2 % 27.0 % 34 213 California January 1947 56.9 % 1.7 % 0.6 % 4.2 % 1.0 % 35.7 % 53 214 Texas January 1947 67.3 % 0.6 % 0.7 % 1.9 % 1.0 % 28.6 % 49 215 Pennsylvania January 1947 63.5 % 0.4 % 0.8 % 1.8 % 0.4 % 33.0 % 46 216 Ohio January 1947 59.1 % 0.7 % 0.4 % 2.6 % 0.5 % 36.7 % 44 217 Illinois January 1947 33.0 % 1.2 % 0.3 % 1.3 % 0.5 % 63.6 % 59 218 Minnesota January 1947 29.6 % 0.3 % 0.2 % 1.1 % 1.0 % 67.9 % 72 219 Indiana January 1947 51.8 % 2.0 % 0.4 % 1.8 % 0.3 % 43.7 % 39 220 Ohio April 2015 26.1 % 0.3 % 0.1 % 3.2 % 0.0 % 70.4 % 12 223 Pennsylvania September 2017 28.4 % 1.9 % 0.2 % 1.5 % 0.0 % 68.0 % 20 224 Illinois January 2002 63.5 % 1.9 % 0.9 % 2.7 % 0.5 % 30.4 % 41 225 Louisiana August 1998 51.2 % 7.1 % 0.3 % 2.5 % 0.9 % 38.0 % 45 228 Mississippi September 1997 46.3 % 3.9 % 0.2 % 1.9 % 1.4 % 46.4 % 34 229 Georgia August 2000 32.2 % 2.7 % 0.4 % 1.5 % 0.4 % 62.8 % 44 231 Michigan June 1999 32.3 % 1.0 % 0.3 % 1.1 % 0.2 % 65.1 % 46 234 Ohio October 2000 47.2 % 2.4 % 0.8 % 2.6 % 0.3 % 46.7 % 41 239 Florida March 2002 62.8 % 0.4 % 1.6 % 3.8 % 1.0 % 30.4 % 33 240 Maryland June 1997 59.1 % 1.1 % 0.4 % 3.1 % 0.3 % 35.9 % 61 248 Michigan May 1997 58.3 % 0.6 % 0.4 % 1.9 % 0.4 % 38.4 % 45 251 Alabama June 2001 43.5 % 5.3 % 0.4 % 2.0 % 1.2 % 47.6 % 46 252 North Carolina March 1998 43.4 % 1.0 % 1.1 % 1.9 % 0.5 % 52.1 % 42 253 Washington April 1997 64.1 % 0.7 % 0.6 % 1.9 % 2.5 % 30.3 % 38 254 Texas May 1997 37.2 % 1.6 % 0.5 % 1.6 % 0.5 % 58.7 % 53 256 Alabama March 1998 46.1 % 6.1 % 0.3 % 2.0 % 1.0 % 44.5 % 51 260 Indiana January 2002 46.6 % 0.9 % 0.5 % 1.3 % 0.3 % 50.4 % 37 262 Wisconsin September 1999 51.1 % 0.9 % 0.5 % 1.9 % 0.3 % 45.3 % 40 267 Pennsylvania July 1999 64.8 % 1.2 % 0.5 % 3.9 % 0.4 % 29.2 % 55 269 Michigan July 2002 41.8 % 1.1 % 0.3 % 1.6 % 0.4 % 54.9 % 47 270 Kentucky April 1999 33.9 % 4.3 % 0.7 % 1.5 % 0.5 % 59.2 % 58 272 Pennsylvania October 2013 40.1 % 1.3 % 0.1 % 1.6 % 0.0 % 56.8 % 34 276 Virginia September 2001 36.3 % 1.0 % 0.5 % 2.1 % 0.5 % 59.6 % 47 279 California March 2018 55.4 % 1.1 % 0.7 % 6.1 % 0.0 % 36.7 % 16 281 Texas November 1996 56.2 % 3.0 % 0.7 % 1.8 % 0.5 % 37.8 % 50 301 Maryland January 1947 62.8 % 0.7 % 0.5 % 1.7 % 0.3 % 34.0 % 51 302 Delaware January 1947 60.2 % 1.3 % 0.5 % 3.0 % 0.2 % 34.8 % 39 303 Colorado January 1947 60.7 % 0.1 % 1.0 % 1.5 % 5.8 % 30.9 % 35 304 West Virginia January 1947 45.8 % 0.9 % 0.5 % 1.3 % 0.4 % 51.0 % 55 305 Florida January 1947 48.7 % 11.9 % 2.0 % 2.4 % 1.1 % 33.9 % 45 307 Wyoming January 1947 34.8 % 0.4 % 1.1 % 1.5 % 2.0 % 60.1 % 46 308 Nebraska January 1955 38.0 % 0.3 % 0.2 % 0.5 % 2.3 % 58.7 % 55 309 Illinois January 1957 36.6 % 0.7 % 0.5 % 1.1 % 0.6 % 60.4 % 66 310 California November 1991 59.2 % 0.5 % 0.4 % 2.2 % 0.5 % 37.3 % 44 312 Illinois January 1947 62.8 % 1.4 % 0.5 % 1.9 % 0.9 % 32.4 % 48 313 Michigan January 1947 56.4 % 1.2 % 0.4 % 2.6 % 0.6 % 38.8 % 46 314 Missouri January 1947 62.0 % 2.3 % 0.7 % 2.8 % 0.8 % 31.5 % 39 315 New York January 1947 51.9 % 1.8 % 0.7 % 2.6 % 0.3 % 42.7 % 56 316 Kansas January 1947 70.0 % 2.8 % 0.4 % 1.5 % 0.6 % 24.7 % 37 317 Indiana January 1947 60.4 % 1.8 % 0.4 % 2.2 % 0.7 % 34.5 % 45 318 Louisiana January 1957 40.7 % 4.5 % 0.3 % 1.9 % 1.2 % 51.4 % 51 319 Iowa January 1947 39.5 % 1.5 % 0.4 % 1.6 % 1.4 % 55.7 % 79 320 Minnesota March 1996 31.6 % 0.8 % 0.3 % 1.3 % 0.8 % 65.2 % 75 321 Florida November 1999 60.4 % 7.5 % 0.3 % 4.7 % 0.7 % 26.3 % 43 323 California June 1998 60.1 % 2.2 % 0.6 % 3.3 % 0.7 % 33.1 % 45 325 Texas April 2003 32.7 % 1.4 % 0.4 % 1.3 % 0.5 % 63.7 % 42 326 Ohio March 2020 0.0 % 0.0 % 0.0 % 0.0 % 100.0 % 0.0 % 1 330 Ohio March 1996 53.6 % 0.7 % 0.4 % 1.6 % 0.5 % 43.2 % 42 U.S. Federal Communications Commission 12 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 6 Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 Area Code State / Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available OCNs 331 Illinois October 2007 56.4 % 2.5 % 0.7 % 3.5 % 0.7 % 36.3 % 37 332 New York June 2017 58.3 % 4.3 % 1.5 % 3.1 % 0.3 % 32.6 % 24 334 Alabama January 1995 36.4 % 4.4 % 0.6 % 1.8 % 0.7 % 56.2 % 60 336 North Carolina December 1997 50.9 % 6.1 % 0.5 % 2.3 % 0.9 % 39.4 % 57 337 Louisiana October 1999 39.1 % 5.0 % 0.3 % 1.6 % 0.7 % 53.2 % 45 339 Massachusetts May 2001 61.9 % 2.8 % 0.7 % 3.4 % 0.5 % 30.6 % 28 340 Virgin Islands June 1997 34.0 % 0.2 % 0.6 % 1.4 % 0.6 % 63.3 % 6 341 California July 2019 56.6 % 0.0 % 6.5 % 1.1 % 0.0 % 35.8 % 10 346 Texas July 2014 67.0 % 1.8 % 0.8 % 4.5 % 0.2 % 25.7 % 47 347 New York October 1999 81.8 % 0.7 % 0.6 % 3.5 % 0.5 % 13.0 % 42 351 Massachusetts May 2001 26.3 % 11.9 % 0.1 % 4.0 % 0.0 % 57.7 % 20 352 Florida December 1995 52.1 % 3.1 % 0.8 % 2.8 % 0.8 % 40.5 % 42 360 Washington January 1995 55.1 % 0.9 % 0.5 % 1.5 % 2.0 % 39.9 % 64 361 Texas February 1999 42.5 % 0.8 % 0.3 % 2.3 % 0.6 % 53.5 % 45 364 Kentucky March 2014 16.7 % 1.0 % 0.0 % 2.7 % 0.0 % 79.6 % 10 380 Ohio February 2016 35.3 % 2.3 % 2.0 % 2.8 % 0.0 % 57.5 % 23 385 Utah March 2009 69.8 % 2.5 % 0.7 % 3.3 % 0.4 % 23.3 % 36 386 Florida February 2001 47.0 % 7.6 % 0.3 % 2.4 % 0.6 % 42.0 % 38 401 Rhode Island January 1947 55.8 % 1.1 % 0.7 % 2.2 % 0.3 % 39.9 % 35 402 Nebraska January 1947 48.2 % 0.9 % 0.3 % 1.2 % 1.7 % 47.7 % 64 404 Georgia January 1947 60.3 % 11.5 % 0.7 % 2.4 % 2.1 % 23.0 % 42 405 Oklahoma January 1947 50.0 % 3.2 % 0.4 % 2.0 % 0.9 % 43.5 % 52 406 Montana January 1947 32.5 % 0.3 % 0.4 % 1.3 % 1.0 % 64.5 % 63 407 Florida April 1988 61.1 % 6.3 % 0.9 % 3.6 % 0.9 % 27.3 % 50 408 California January 1959 60.7 % 0.9 % 0.4 % 1.3 % 0.5 % 36.1 % 50 409 Texas November 1982 45.2 % 5.1 % 0.6 % 2.1 % 0.4 % 46.7 % 46 410 Maryland October 1991 60.7 % 0.5 % 0.6 % 1.6 % 0.3 % 36.3 % 49 412 Pennsylvania January 1947 61.2 % 0.7 % 0.6 % 2.1 % 0.4 % 35.0 % 49 413 Massachusetts January 1947 56.3 % 0.6 % 0.6 % 2.1 % 0.2 % 40.2 % 39 414 Wisconsin January 1947 62.9 % 1.7 % 0.3 % 2.1 % 1.0 % 32.0 % 36 415 California January 1947 60.9 % 1.3 % 0.5 % 1.7 % 0.5 % 35.1 % 48 417 Missouri January 1950 39.5 % 1.7 % 0.7 % 1.5 % 0.6 % 55.9 % 60 419 Ohio January 1947 40.5 % 3.6 % 0.7 % 1.2 % 0.5 % 53.6 % 65 423 Tennessee September 1995 47.5 % 5.2 % 0.7 % 2.4 % 0.6 % 43.5 % 55 424 California August 2006 65.8 % 3.9 % 0.7 % 5.4 % 0.2 % 23.9 % 47 425 Washington April 1997 68.7 % 0.7 % 0.6 % 1.7 % 2.1 % 26.3 % 38 430 Texas February 2003 16.8 % 2.0 % 0.1 % 1.5 % 0.1 % 79.5 % 34 432 Texas April 2003 41.6 % 2.7 % 2.3 % 1.7 % 0.3 % 51.5 % 34 434 Virginia June 2001 49.7 % 1.8 % 0.6 % 1.8 % 0.5 % 45.6 % 39 435 Utah September 1997 41.6 % 0.9 % 0.4 % 1.5 % 1.9 % 53.7 % 53 440 Ohio August 1997 52.2 % 0.9 % 0.7 % 1.9 % 0.3 % 44.1 % 47 442 California November 2009 45.0 % 3.5 % 0.4 % 4.2 % 0.3 % 46.6 % 45 443 Maryland June 1997 62.6 % 1.2 % 0.6 % 3.6 % 0.3 % 31.7 % 46 445 Pennsylvania March 2018 52.7 % 2.5 % 0.3 % 0.8 % 0.0 % 43.7 % 19 458 Oregon February 2010 31.1 % 2.9 % 0.6 % 2.9 % 0.2 % 62.3 % 27 463 Indiana November 2016 36.1 % 2.2 % 0.3 % 6.1 % 0.1 % 55.1 % 21 469 Texas July 1999 68.8 % 2.0 % 1.2 % 2.8 % 0.9 % 24.3 % 65 470 Georgia February 2010 71.6 % 4.1 % 0.9 % 3.2 % 0.3 % 19.9 % 50 475 Connecticut December 2009 55.3 % 3.6 % 2.2 % 2.5 % 0.2 % 36.2 % 26 478 Georgia August 2000 45.3 % 4.1 % 0.4 % 1.9 % 0.8 % 47.5 % 45 479 Arkansas January 2002 46.8 % 1.6 % 1.2 % 1.7 % 0.7 % 48.0 % 42 480 Arizona March 1999 74.7 % 0.7 % 0.7 % 2.5 % 4.6 % 16.8 % 41 484 Pennsylvania June 1999 60.1 % 2.3 % 0.3 % 2.8 % 0.2 % 34.2 % 55 501 Arkansas January 1947 47.1 % 2.9 % 0.3 % 1.7 % 0.6 % 47.3 % 41 502 Kentucky January 1947 51.0 % 9.8 % 0.9 % 2.7 % 0.9 % 34.6 % 42 503 Oregon January 1947 60.6 % 0.4 % 0.5 % 1.7 % 2.4 % 34.4 % 52 504 Louisiana January 1947 51.5 % 8.6 % 0.4 % 2.8 % 1.1 % 35.7 % 41 505 New Mexico January 1947 61.5 % 0.8 % 0.5 % 2.7 % 4.0 % 30.5 % 46 507 Minnesota January 1954 28.0 % 0.4 % 0.3 % 1.0 % 0.5 % 69.9 % 90 508 Massachusetts July 1988 57.6 % 0.9 % 1.4 % 2.6 % 0.4 % 37.1 % 40 509 Washington January 1957 51.8 % 0.6 % 1.1 % 1.9 % 1.5 % 43.2 % 61 510 California September 1991 57.6 % 1.5 % 0.5 % 1.9 % 0.6 % 37.9 % 47 512 Texas January 1947 68.1 % 2.3 % 0.6 % 1.9 % 0.6 % 26.5 % 47 513 Ohio January 1947 64.1 % 0.8 % 0.4 % 2.0 % 0.9 % 31.8 % 42 515 Iowa January 1947 51.2 % 1.4 % 0.6 % 1.9 % 3.2 % 41.8 % 71 U.S. Federal Communications Commission 13 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 6 Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 Area Code State / Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available OCNs 516 New York January 1951 62.8 % 0.9 % 0.6 % 2.3 % 0.5 % 33.0 % 50 517 Michigan January 1947 41.5 % 0.6 % 0.3 % 1.3 % 0.3 % 56.1 % 59 518 New York January 1947 42.9 % 0.9 % 0.6 % 2.1 % 0.3 % 53.2 % 68 520 Arizona March 1995 59.5 % 1.1 % 0.6 % 2.4 % 3.6 % 32.8 % 51 530 California November 1997 42.4 % 1.5 % 0.2 % 1.5 % 0.5 % 53.9 % 65 531 Nebraska March 2011 40.7 % 0.8 % 0.3 % 2.6 % 0.0 % 55.6 % 33 534 Wisconsin August 2010 5.9 % 0.8 % 0.0 % 1.5 % 0.0 % 91.7 % 15 539 Oklahoma April 2011 18.5 % 1.4 % 0.2 % 1.9 % 0.0 % 78.0 % 31 540 Virginia July 1995 53.1 % 1.0 % 0.7 % 1.7 % 0.7 % 42.8 % 65 541 Oregon November 1995 43.9 % 1.1 % 1.6 % 1.6 % 1.7 % 50.1 % 60 551 New Jersey December 2001 64.6 % 1.9 % 1.0 % 4.3 % 0.3 % 28.0 % 33 559 California November 1998 52.8 % 1.9 % 0.2 % 2.2 % 0.9 % 42.0 % 50 561 Florida May 1996 55.5 % 10.2 % 1.5 % 3.7 % 1.2 % 27.9 % 54 562 California January 1997 59.6 % 0.9 % 0.4 % 2.4 % 0.6 % 36.0 % 48 563 Iowa March 2001 42.7 % 0.6 % 0.3 % 1.3 % 0.9 % 54.1 % 71 564 Washington August 2017 48.5 % 0.8 % 0.2 % 5.5 % 0.0 % 45.0 % 10 567 Ohio January 2002 36.2 % 1.7 % 0.5 % 1.5 % 0.2 % 59.9 % 47 570 Pennsylvania December 1998 50.2 % 1.4 % 0.3 % 1.5 % 0.5 % 46.1 % 63 571 Virginia March 2000 71.9 % 1.6 % 0.7 % 3.0 % 0.4 % 22.3 % 55 573 Missouri January 1996 33.8 % 1.5 % 0.6 % 1.3 % 0.5 % 62.3 % 54 574 Indiana January 2002 46.0 % 1.0 % 0.5 % 1.8 % 0.3 % 50.3 % 45 575 New Mexico October 2007 34.7 % 1.1 % 2.5 % 1.9 % 1.7 % 58.2 % 49 580 Oklahoma November 1997 22.3 % 2.6 % 0.1 % 1.2 % 0.4 % 73.3 % 55 585 New York November 2001 56.7 % 1.0 % 0.4 % 2.9 % 0.2 % 38.7 % 48 586 Michigan September 2001 64.1 % 0.6 % 0.4 % 1.6 % 0.2 % 33.1 % 40 601 Mississippi January 1947 37.6 % 6.6 % 0.2 % 1.6 % 0.8 % 53.2 % 45 602 Arizona January 1947 65.8 % 0.8 % 0.7 % 1.9 % 2.7 % 28.2 % 38 603 New Hampshire January 1947 39.0 % 0.6 % 0.8 % 1.4 % 0.2 % 58.0 % 54 605 South Dakota January 1947 30.6 % 0.3 % 0.3 % 1.3 % 0.9 % 66.7 % 85 606 Kentucky January 1955 27.8 % 1.8 % 0.3 % 1.3 % 0.5 % 68.3 % 49 607 New York January 1954 44.3 % 1.1 % 0.9 % 2.2 % 0.2 % 51.4 % 58 608 Wisconsin January 1955 44.1 % 0.9 % 0.6 % 1.2 % 0.5 % 52.7 % 82 609 New Jersey January 1957 56.1 % 1.1 % 0.7 % 3.0 % 0.3 % 38.8 % 52 610 Pennsylvania January 1994 57.4 % 0.8 % 0.4 % 1.4 % 0.4 % 39.6 % 59 612 Minnesota January 1947 73.1 % 0.8 % 0.4 % 2.0 % 1.5 % 22.2 % 48 614 Ohio January 1947 65.3 % 0.9 % 0.5 % 2.7 % 0.5 % 30.1 % 41 615 Tennessee January 1954 56.3 % 10.1 % 0.5 % 2.5 % 1.1 % 29.6 % 47 616 Michigan January 1947 54.4 % 1.1 % 0.5 % 1.8 % 0.4 % 41.8 % 47 617 Massachusetts January 1947 62.9 % 0.5 % 1.1 % 2.5 % 0.3 % 32.7 % 39 618 Illinois January 1947 33.0 % 0.8 % 0.4 % 1.4 % 0.4 % 64.0 % 59 619 California January 1982 61.7 % 1.6 % 0.5 % 2.5 % 0.7 % 32.9 % 47 620 Kansas February 2001 20.4 % 2.9 % 2.4 % 1.3 % 0.4 % 72.6 % 74 623 Arizona March 1999 68.9 % 0.8 % 1.0 % 3.0 % 8.7 % 17.6 % 32 626 California June 1997 60.7 % 1.5 % 0.5 % 3.0 % 0.8 % 33.6 % 47 628 California March 2015 63.8 % 3.6 % 0.7 % 3.7 % 0.1 % 28.1 % 38 629 Tennessee March 2015 56.7 % 3.4 % 1.2 % 2.9 % 0.1 % 35.7 % 30 630 Illinois August 1996 54.3 % 0.9 % 0.4 % 1.7 % 0.5 % 42.1 % 42 631 New York November 1999 56.1 % 1.6 % 0.6 % 2.3 % 0.4 % 39.0 % 49 636 Missouri May 1999 46.7 % 1.7 % 0.8 % 2.6 % 0.2 % 48.0 % 38 640 New Jersey September 2018 17.6 % 0.0 % 0.0 % 0.3 % 0.0 % 82.0 % 10 641 Iowa July 2000 20.4 % 1.6 % 1.1 % 1.0 % 0.6 % 75.4 % 70 646 New York July 1999 79.4 % 1.3 % 0.7 % 5.3 % 0.7 % 12.7 % 55 650 California August 1997 57.6 % 1.8 % 0.4 % 1.4 % 0.7 % 38.2 % 46 651 Minnesota July 1998 65.1 % 0.9 % 0.4 % 1.9 % 3.2 % 28.5 % 50 657 California September 2008 71.6 % 4.0 % 1.0 % 3.1 % 0.2 % 20.1 % 37 659 Alabama November 2019 10.9 % 0.0 % 0.0 % 0.0 % 0.0 % 89.1 % 5 660 Missouri October 1997 20.9 % 2.3 % 0.4 % 1.5 % 0.3 % 74.7 % 55 661 California February 1999 55.1 % 1.6 % 0.3 % 2.8 % 0.6 % 39.6 % 56 662 Mississippi April 1999 31.1 % 5.0 % 0.2 % 1.7 % 0.8 % 61.2 % 54 667 Maryland March 2012 47.9 % 1.1 % 0.4 % 1.8 % 1.2 % 47.7 % 40 669 California November 2012 68.0 % 3.1 % 1.2 % 3.5 % 0.3 % 24.0 % 34 670 Northern Mariana Islands July 1997 34.9 % 0.0 % 0.2 % 2.6 % 0.2 % 62.1 % 3 671 Guam July 1997 45.1 % 0.0 % 0.2 % 2.9 % 1.2 % 50.6 % 7 678 Georgia January 1998 67.7 % 6.7 % 1.3 % 4.2 % 0.5 % 19.5 % 46 680 New York March 2017 16.5 % 5.8 % 0.4 % 1.1 % 0.0 % 76.1 % 18 U.S. Federal Communications Commission 14 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 6 Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 Area Code State / Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available OCNs 681 West Virginia March 2009 18.1 % 1.0 % 0.1 % 1.7 % 0.1 % 79.0 % 42 682 Texas October 2000 72.4 % 1.6 % 0.9 % 3.2 % 0.7 % 21.2 % 45 684 American Samoa October 2004 32.5 % 0.2 % 0.7 % 3.4 % 2.2 % 61.1 % 4 689 Florida June 2019 19.3 % 0.7 % 5.8 % 1.1 % 0.0 % 73.1 % 19 701 North Dakota January 1947 26.4 % 0.4 % 0.2 % 0.9 % 0.6 % 71.5 % 74 702 Nevada January 1947 71.7 % 0.8 % 1.4 % 2.6 % 0.7 % 22.8 % 44 703 Virginia January 1947 67.7 % 0.6 % 0.5 % 1.7 % 0.2 % 29.2 % 43 704 North Carolina January 1947 54.2 % 10.4 % 0.5 % 2.7 % 1.1 % 31.2 % 44 706 Georgia May 1992 48.0 % 5.7 % 0.7 % 2.1 % 0.9 % 42.7 % 71 707 California January 1959 49.9 % 2.1 % 0.3 % 1.5 % 0.8 % 45.4 % 50 708 Illinois November 1989 45.2 % 1.0 % 0.3 % 1.7 % 0.5 % 51.3 % 41 712 Iowa January 1947 22.0 % 0.6 % 0.3 % 1.1 % 0.7 % 75.2 % 114 713 Texas January 1947 57.2 % 2.2 % 0.5 % 1.1 % 0.7 % 38.3 % 39 714 California January 1951 59.4 % 0.7 % 0.5 % 2.1 % 1.6 % 35.7 % 43 715 Wisconsin January 1947 31.4 % 1.0 % 0.6 % 0.8 % 0.3 % 66.0 % 93 716 New York January 1947 55.5 % 1.1 % 0.5 % 2.7 % 0.3 % 39.8 % 52 717 Pennsylvania January 1947 63.7 % 0.7 % 0.6 % 2.0 % 0.4 % 32.7 % 53 718 New York September 1984 58.0 % 0.2 % 0.6 % 2.2 % 0.5 % 38.5 % 41 719 Colorado March 1988 54.2 % 0.8 % 0.9 % 2.5 % 2.7 % 39.0 % 61 720 Colorado June 1998 79.2 % 1.8 % 0.8 % 2.5 % 1.3 % 14.4 % 53 724 Pennsylvania February 1998 50.1 % 1.0 % 0.4 % 1.6 % 0.3 % 46.6 % 60 725 Nevada June 2014 56.5 % 3.2 % 1.0 % 5.4 % 0.1 % 33.8 % 28 726 Texas October 2017 75.7 % 8.8 % 0.2 % 1.5 % 1.1 % 12.6 % 14 727 Florida July 1998 60.5 % 0.8 % 0.6 % 2.6 % 0.3 % 35.1 % 41 731 Tennessee February 2001 36.7 % 4.0 % 0.2 % 1.4 % 0.6 % 57.1 % 44 732 New Jersey June 1997 59.9 % 1.1 % 0.5 % 2.3 % 0.2 % 36.0 % 47 734 Michigan December 1997 54.6 % 0.8 % 0.6 % 1.8 % 0.2 % 42.0 % 50 737 Texas July 2013 54.6 % 2.7 % 1.5 % 3.4 % 0.3 % 37.6 % 38 740 Ohio December 1997 38.6 % 1.2 % 0.3 % 1.6 % 0.3 % 58.1 % 48 743 North Carolina May 2016 25.0 % 5.8 % 0.4 % 1.6 % 0.0 % 67.1 % 19 747 California May 2009 61.8 % 4.3 % 0.6 % 5.4 % 0.2 % 27.7 % 32 754 Florida August 2001 68.9 % 4.5 % 0.5 % 4.8 % 0.4 % 20.9 % 37 757 Virginia July 1996 66.6 % 1.1 % 0.5 % 2.3 % 0.4 % 29.0 % 38 760 California March 1997 55.1 % 1.9 % 0.3 % 2.1 % 0.5 % 40.1 % 58 762 Georgia May 2006 25.1 % 2.1 % 0.1 % 2.1 % 0.3 % 70.2 % 39 763 Minnesota February 2000 57.9 % 5.4 % 0.6 % 2.5 % 3.0 % 30.5 % 54 765 Indiana February 1997 35.8 % 2.2 % 0.3 % 1.4 % 0.4 % 60.1 % 65 769 Mississippi March 2005 33.7 % 1.2 % 0.3 % 3.1 % 0.4 % 61.3 % 30 770 Georgia August 1995 50.3 % 18.1 % 0.5 % 1.3 % 0.6 % 29.2 % 46 772 Florida February 2002 50.9 % 8.3 % 1.0 % 3.3 % 1.9 % 34.5 % 43 773 Illinois October 1996 52.2 % 0.8 % 0.4 % 2.3 % 0.5 % 43.8 % 42 774 Massachusetts May 2001 49.0 % 1.7 % 0.4 % 2.5 % 0.3 % 46.1 % 37 775 Nevada December 1998 49.5 % 1.0 % 0.3 % 5.9 % 0.8 % 42.6 % 46 779 Illinois March 2007 44.7 % 2.7 % 1.1 % 2.4 % 0.1 % 49.0 % 39 781 Massachusetts September 1997 48.9 % 1.0 % 0.7 % 2.5 % 0.2 % 46.7 % 41 785 Kansas July 1997 27.3 % 1.9 % 1.1 % 0.9 % 1.0 % 67.8 % 71 786 Florida March 1998 71.5 % 3.4 % 1.9 % 5.2 % 0.6 % 17.3 % 55 787 Puerto Rico March 1996 65.9 % 0.8 % 0.9 % 2.0 % 0.4 % 30.1 % 15 801 Utah January 1947 69.3 % 0.4 % 0.4 % 1.7 % 3.4 % 24.8 % 31 802 Vermont January 1947 30.4 % 1.1 % 0.5 % 1.0 % 0.2 % 66.8 % 44 803 South Carolina January 1947 46.6 % 6.9 % 0.4 % 2.1 % 1.1 % 42.9 % 64 804 Virginia June 1973 61.7 % 1.0 % 0.7 % 2.8 % 0.3 % 33.4 % 44 805 California January 1957 55.0 % 1.8 % 0.9 % 2.0 % 0.6 % 39.6 % 60 806 Texas January 1957 27.7 % 1.7 % 2.3 % 1.3 % 0.6 % 66.4 % 48 808 Hawaii January 1957 62.4 % 0.1 % 0.4 % 1.8 % 3.2 % 32.0 % 23 810 Michigan December 1993 43.7 % 0.9 % 0.3 % 2.0 % 0.5 % 52.6 % 41 812 Indiana January 1947 40.3 % 1.0 % 0.5 % 1.4 % 0.5 % 56.3 % 65 813 Florida January 1953 63.8 % 0.8 % 0.5 % 3.1 % 0.3 % 31.4 % 50 814 Pennsylvania January 1947 50.2 % 0.7 % 0.3 % 2.0 % 0.4 % 46.4 % 58 815 Illinois January 1947 41.0 % 1.2 % 0.1 % 1.1 % 0.5 % 56.1 % 69 816 Missouri January 1947 52.7 % 2.3 % 0.5 % 2.8 % 0.5 % 41.2 % 56 817 Texas January 1953 55.5 % 1.8 % 0.5 % 1.6 % 0.7 % 39.8 % 53 818 California January 1984 57.4 % 0.9 % 0.3 % 2.6 % 0.5 % 38.3 % 41 820 California June 2018 54.3 % 2.3 % 0.0 % 0.5 % 0.0 % 42.9 % 12 828 North Carolina March 1998 43.7 % 5.1 % 0.7 % 1.9 % 1.0 % 47.4 % 49 U.S. Federal Communications Commission 15 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 6 Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 Area Code State / Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available OCNs 830 Texas July 1997 34.9 % 1.7 % 0.2 % 1.5 % 0.3 % 61.4 % 52 831 California July 1998 48.9 % 2.3 % 0.3 % 1.8 % 0.9 % 45.8 % 45 832 Texas January 1999 78.1 % 1.5 % 0.7 % 3.3 % 0.7 % 15.8 % 47 838 New York September 2017 13.1 % 0.2 % 0.1 % 1.1 % 0.0 % 85.5 % 25 843 South Carolina March 1998 46.3 % 4.8 % 0.4 % 2.2 % 1.0 % 45.3 % 56 845 New York June 2000 48.6 % 1.4 % 0.5 % 2.7 % 0.4 % 46.4 % 64 847 Illinois January 1996 55.6 % 0.9 % 0.2 % 1.4 % 0.4 % 41.5 % 39 848 New Jersey December 2001 55.0 % 2.3 % 0.7 % 2.8 % 0.4 % 38.8 % 35 850 Florida June 1997 49.4 % 3.2 % 0.7 % 2.2 % 0.8 % 43.7 % 48 854 South Carolina October 2015 41.3 % 3.3 % 0.1 % 3.1 % 0.0 % 52.2 % 19 856 New Jersey June 1999 51.0 % 1.6 % 0.3 % 2.8 % 0.3 % 43.9 % 54 857 Massachusetts May 2001 67.4 % 1.9 % 1.1 % 3.9 % 0.5 % 25.3 % 47 858 California June 1999 60.8 % 2.3 % 0.5 % 2.7 % 1.0 % 32.7 % 43 859 Kentucky April 2000 50.1 % 2.2 % 0.4 % 2.1 % 0.4 % 44.9 % 50 860 Connecticut August 1995 51.0 % 1.2 % 0.4 % 1.9 % 0.3 % 45.2 % 34 862 New Jersey December 2001 63.5 % 1.8 % 0.5 % 3.3 % 0.9 % 30.0 % 51 863 Florida September 1999 50.8 % 1.4 % 0.5 % 2.3 % 0.5 % 44.5 % 45 864 South Carolina December 1995 48.7 % 7.8 % 0.3 % 2.6 % 0.8 % 39.7 % 51 865 Tennessee November 1999 53.0 % 9.7 % 0.6 % 2.5 % 1.1 % 33.2 % 45 870 Arkansas April 1997 27.6 % 1.5 % 0.4 % 1.3 % 0.4 % 68.7 % 53 872 Illinois November 2009 52.4 % 2.7 % 0.8 % 3.3 % 0.6 % 40.3 % 32 878 Pennsylvania August 2001 40.3 % 1.2 % 0.3 % 2.5 % 0.1 % 55.7 % 34 901 Tennessee January 1947 58.5 % 9.3 % 0.3 % 2.8 % 1.1 % 28.0 % 44 903 Texas November 1990 39.8 % 2.7 % 0.4 % 1.4 % 0.9 % 54.8 % 64 904 Florida July 1965 55.4 % 11.0 % 0.4 % 3.0 % 0.9 % 29.3 % 44 906 Michigan March 1961 17.8 % 0.4 % 0.3 % 0.5 % 0.1 % 80.8 % 32 907 Alaska January 1957 28.2 % 2.7 % 0.8 % 0.8 % 1.4 % 66.2 % 42 908 New Jersey November 1990 53.0 % 0.8 % 0.4 % 1.9 % 0.4 % 43.5 % 53 909 California November 1992 61.2 % 1.4 % 0.4 % 2.8 % 0.6 % 33.5 % 50 910 North Carolina November 1993 47.4 % 3.1 % 1.7 % 2.1 % 0.7 % 45.1 % 51 912 Georgia January 1954 42.2 % 4.1 % 0.6 % 1.8 % 1.2 % 50.1 % 56 913 Kansas January 1947 59.4 % 1.9 % 0.4 % 2.2 % 0.9 % 35.1 % 52 914 New York January 1947 58.8 % 1.1 % 0.6 % 2.4 % 0.6 % 36.7 % 56 915 Texas January 1947 65.9 % 1.5 % 0.3 % 2.1 % 1.0 % 29.1 % 33 916 California January 1947 63.9 % 0.9 % 0.4 % 1.9 % 0.7 % 32.1 % 49 917 New York January 1992 66.2 % 0.8 % 0.4 % 1.9 % 0.4 % 30.3 % 44 918 Oklahoma January 1953 41.8 % 2.8 % 0.3 % 1.7 % 0.6 % 52.9 % 65 919 North Carolina January 1954 58.7 % 7.1 % 0.8 % 2.5 % 0.9 % 30.0 % 45 920 Wisconsin July 1997 43.2 % 1.4 % 0.4 % 1.4 % 0.4 % 53.2 % 65 925 California March 1998 55.4 % 1.7 % 0.5 % 1.8 % 1.1 % 39.4 % 43 928 Arizona June 2001 44.5 % 1.8 % 0.3 % 2.4 % 3.2 % 47.8 % 53 929 New York April 2011 68.6 % 4.0 % 1.2 % 4.2 % 0.1 % 21.9 % 42 930 Indiana March 2015 38.5 % 0.7 % 0.5 % 3.2 % 0.0 % 57.1 % 11 931 Tennessee September 1997 37.9 % 4.1 % 0.3 % 1.6 % 0.5 % 55.6 % 52 934 New York July 2016 36.9 % 0.1 % 1.1 % 4.0 % 0.6 % 57.4 % 14 936 Texas February 2000 39.8 % 1.9 % 0.6 % 1.5 % 0.4 % 55.7 % 47 937 Ohio September 1996 48.0 % 0.8 % 0.4 % 1.7 % 0.4 % 48.7 % 52 938 Alabama July 2010 31.0 % 0.3 % 0.6 % 4.1 % 0.0 % 64.0 % 14 939 Puerto Rico September 2001 48.6 % 0.7 % 0.5 % 4.6 % 1.2 % 44.4 % 12 940 Texas May 1997 32.0 % 2.4 % 0.3 % 1.2 % 0.8 % 63.4 % 64 941 Florida May 1995 58.7 % 1.2 % 0.7 % 2.5 % 0.4 % 36.6 % 43 947 Michigan September 2002 56.7 % 1.0 % 3.2 % 2.0 % 0.1 % 37.1 % 19 949 California April 1998 64.3 % 2.2 % 0.8 % 2.9 % 0.8 % 29.0 % 49 951 California July 2004 65.4 % 1.3 % 0.4 % 2.9 % 0.6 % 29.4 % 46 952 Minnesota February 2000 60.5 % 0.4 % 0.4 % 1.5 % 2.2 % 35.0 % 47 954 Florida September 1995 54.9 % 10.8 % 1.7 % 3.3 % 1.3 % 28.0 % 45 956 Texas July 1997 56.0 % 2.2 % 0.3 % 2.2 % 0.8 % 38.6 % 40 959 Connecticut August 2014 33.9 % 2.3 % 1.0 % 3.7 % 0.3 % 58.7 % 21 970 Colorado April 1995 45.1 % 1.1 % 0.6 % 1.6 % 2.1 % 49.5 % 68 971 Oregon October 2000 63.3 % 1.7 % 1.1 % 2.8 % 0.3 % 30.8 % 41 972 Texas September 1996 54.0 % 1.7 % 0.5 % 1.2 % 0.5 % 42.0 % 54 973 New Jersey June 1997 58.1 % 0.8 % 0.7 % 2.3 % 0.2 % 37.9 % 57 978 Massachusetts September 1997 47.8 % 1.3 % 0.8 % 2.8 % 0.3 % 46.9 % 42 979 Texas February 2000 36.3 % 1.9 % 1.1 % 1.3 % 0.3 % 59.1 % 54 980 North Carolina April 2001 60.7 % 5.9 % 0.9 % 3.5 % 0.3 % 28.7 % 40 984 North Carolina April 2012 53.5 % 3.0 % 0.3 % 2.9 % 0.1 % 40.2 % 37 985 Louisiana February 2001 37.5 % 6.3 % 0.2 % 2.0 % 0.7 % 53.3 % 40 986 Idaho September 2017 59.8 % 0.9 % 0.6 % 1.7 % 0.1 % 37.0 % 13 989 Michigan April 2001 33.2 % 0.9 % 0.4 % 1.2 % 0.2 % 64.1 % 51 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with Somos, Inc. through june 30, 2020. Area code information is from Somos, Inc.'s website. Note: The Commission has found “that aggregated data (such as each carrier’s NPA wide utilization rate and number of NXXs assigned)” are not confidential. Numbering Resource Optimization, Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, CC Docket No. 99-200, 15 FCC Rcd 7574, 7607-08, para. 79 (2000). U.S. Federal Communications Commission 16 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 7 Assigned, Aging, and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (CLECs and ILECs) Mobile Wireless VoIP Area Code State / Jurisdiction Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 201 New Jersey 2,788 152 1,842 41 2,156 63 280 5 6 10 14 3 202 District of Columbia 3,655 135 1,042 39 1,863 72 338 6 5 2 4 7 203 Connecticut 2,368 109 2,598 27 2,128 58 173 5 1 1 0 2 205 Alabama 1,835 152 2,053 38 1,998 66 518 8 11 7 35 7 206 Washington 2,406 60 1,438 32 2,167 78 159 6 5 1 6 9 207 Maine 1,732 139 4,294 45 1,481 41 468 6 14 1 0 4 208 Idaho 2,004 84 2,298 55 1,959 53 504 12 7 6 25 3 209 California 1,606 59 2,244 36 2,026 103 493 6 5 7 57 7 210 Texas 2,509 67 1,390 29 2,850 107 151 7 3 1 3 5 212 New York 5,349 130 2,091 30 94 3 0 4 0 0 0 0 213 California 1,641 116 1,109 36 1,215 92 249 6 18 5 15 6 214 Texas 2,281 77 1,593 38 2,915 69 71 6 2 1 0 1 215 Pennsylvania 3,126 83 2,006 37 1,816 55 119 6 2 2 2 1 216 Ohio 1,692 81 1,272 30 1,533 59 360 6 7 2 9 6 217 Illinois 1,161 48 4,332 44 1,387 48 453 8 4 2 67 5 218 Minnesota 946 42 3,534 62 840 23 564 6 4 0 10 3 219 Indiana 878 35 1,165 27 1,028 31 385 5 6 2 13 4 220 Ohio 28 4 95 6 4 0 0 2 3 0 2 4 223 Pennsylvania 107 5 200 11 15 2 89 5 2 0 6 4 224 Illinois 1,080 39 782 30 1,378 63 365 5 11 2 37 5 225 Louisiana 851 45 1,262 30 1,272 57 159 6 4 2 20 6 228 Mississippi 326 23 725 20 770 19 278 6 15 3 17 5 229 Georgia 635 29 2,270 33 905 43 661 7 13 0 10 2 231 Michigan 753 28 2,511 36 775 25 351 5 4 0 1 3 234 Ohio 400 23 609 27 533 27 287 6 12 2 39 8 239 Florida 1,149 99 818 19 1,206 43 220 6 10 2 9 5 240 Maryland 1,820 121 1,741 44 2,010 74 515 9 7 8 67 6 248 Michigan 2,426 85 2,229 35 2,048 64 409 5 2 0 0 3 251 Alabama 749 41 1,398 33 878 34 287 7 5 1 4 3 252 North Carolina 1,212 53 2,341 28 1,198 52 474 9 1 1 12 4 253 Washington 1,578 39 1,108 28 1,321 44 165 5 3 2 2 3 254 Texas 845 40 2,358 34 1,025 35 425 9 6 3 40 5 256 Alabama 1,437 75 2,213 36 1,766 59 736 7 9 2 39 6 260 Indiana 850 18 1,404 26 812 25 347 6 15 4 16 3 262 Wisconsin 1,517 60 1,882 28 1,187 35 300 6 6 4 36 4 267 Pennsylvania 2,162 176 1,856 40 2,757 115 330 7 8 4 34 7 269 Michigan 873 29 1,817 34 947 36 364 5 4 3 14 4 270 Kentucky 1,280 65 3,758 41 1,275 45 656 12 1 1 9 3 272 Pennsylvania 203 6 243 21 52 3 105 9 1 1 15 4 276 Virginia 516 36 1,407 33 484 20 232 11 8 2 16 3 279 California 43 4 42 9 35 6 16 4 15 0 3 3 281 Texas 2,650 84 2,487 38 1,762 54 145 6 3 2 2 3 301 Maryland 3,271 91 2,235 38 1,554 33 224 9 2 3 7 2 302 Delaware 2,174 105 1,588 28 1,193 45 212 5 6 16 28 3 303 Colorado 3,222 82 1,925 24 1,519 34 13 6 1 0 0 2 304 West Virginia 1,745 35 3,435 36 1,857 66 400 12 2 2 32 2 305 Florida 1,883 113 1,643 33 1,687 60 99 5 2 1 1 3 307 Wyoming 727 36 1,438 32 675 23 960 10 4 3 31 4 308 Nebraska 293 10 2,107 43 1,353 11 421 10 0 1 10 2 309 Illinois 1,039 28 3,668 49 1,440 38 371 8 7 8 36 6 310 California 2,598 82 2,213 34 2,125 90 126 5 0 0 0 0 312 Illinois 3,144 83 1,480 31 1,745 68 484 7 7 1 2 7 313 Michigan 1,779 80 1,572 33 2,046 98 579 5 4 0 9 6 314 Missouri 2,290 127 1,446 24 2,215 76 438 6 8 2 10 6 315 New York 2,062 127 2,680 44 1,674 56 225 6 2 2 6 3 316 Kansas 755 34 662 20 2,073 24 244 9 10 2 13 5 317 Indiana 2,427 92 2,043 34 2,253 73 266 6 2 2 9 2 318 Louisiana 1,131 55 2,644 32 1,567 71 650 8 7 1 13 6 319 Iowa 931 44 2,247 63 894 27 336 7 20 2 16 7 320 Minnesota 750 41 2,522 60 610 15 282 9 9 2 10 5 321 Florida 1,025 120 700 29 1,306 61 214 6 2 2 12 5 323 California 2,171 96 2,038 33 2,558 167 343 5 2 2 10 2 325 Texas 481 22 1,600 28 539 19 269 10 4 0 9 2 326 Ohio 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 330 Ohio 1,851 58 2,514 31 2,267 64 374 6 1 1 10 3 U.S. Federal Communications Commission 17 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 7 Assigned, Aging, and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (CLECs and ILECs) Mobile Wireless VoIP Area Code State / Jurisdiction Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 331 Illinois 340 16 249 28 371 21 203 5 15 8 16 4 332 New York 173 4 65 13 60 8 65 6 2 0 1 5 334 Alabama 1,062 56 2,542 47 1,284 56 961 8 1 2 2 2 336 North Carolina 1,707 90 2,484 45 2,174 74 407 7 4 9 10 3 337 Louisiana 833 36 1,986 30 1,233 50 683 8 11 0 10 4 339 Massachusetts 230 12 158 19 202 10 47 5 1 2 8 4 340 Virgin Islands 34 2 173 2 125 5 125 4 0 0 0 0 341 California 13 0 8 6 1 0 8 3 11 0 0 1 346 Texas 780 42 472 30 1,206 86 243 6 16 7 52 10 347 New York 2,137 73 538 32 4,120 194 458 8 0 0 0 2 351 Massachusetts 43 4 61 12 21 4 65 5 1 2 16 3 352 Florida 1,356 84 1,694 23 1,533 61 418 8 3 7 6 6 360 Washington 2,046 53 2,547 53 2,123 62 358 6 1 1 3 3 361 Texas 854 58 1,795 32 1,060 44 544 9 4 0 1 3 364 Kentucky 13 3 80 4 0 0 1 1 5 0 4 5 380 Ohio 52 3 88 13 40 2 51 4 1 2 14 6 385 Utah 708 32 383 20 1,019 43 175 6 7 8 22 10 386 Florida 699 42 1,095 25 875 36 224 7 6 2 11 4 401 Rhode Island 1,494 68 1,665 21 1,309 41 240 5 2 3 36 6 402 Nebraska 1,989 49 3,357 52 1,783 43 293 8 1 2 8 2 404 Georgia 1,732 89 976 30 2,905 94 249 7 1 0 0 2 405 Oklahoma 1,734 74 2,394 35 2,029 73 545 9 4 3 53 6 406 Montana 1,165 53 3,581 45 1,159 35 986 12 3 2 46 5 407 Florida 2,193 168 1,578 34 2,551 108 203 7 5 3 10 6 408 California 2,836 60 2,190 39 1,956 45 170 5 1 0 0 2 409 Texas 657 23 1,251 30 835 43 217 8 5 2 5 5 410 Maryland 3,329 78 2,314 38 1,403 41 142 6 1 2 26 2 412 Pennsylvania 2,436 92 1,802 35 1,881 53 388 6 2 2 32 5 413 Massachusetts 1,720 61 1,667 28 1,028 41 192 5 0 0 11 3 414 Wisconsin 1,599 48 983 24 1,350 51 208 7 2 2 3 3 415 California 2,892 64 2,248 38 1,905 70 80 6 0 0 0 0 417 Missouri 917 48 2,917 43 1,473 42 435 9 21 1 13 5 419 Ohio 1,397 33 3,299 54 1,668 56 445 6 2 2 44 3 423 Tennessee 1,353 78 2,104 39 1,717 77 559 10 3 2 18 4 424 California 1,250 77 542 36 785 91 184 5 5 1 23 5 425 Washington 1,896 37 1,094 27 1,525 45 137 5 4 3 6 4 430 Texas 111 10 677 21 48 4 98 8 13 2 29 4 432 Texas 460 20 1,218 23 691 26 184 7 12 0 9 3 434 Virginia 1,000 33 1,372 24 838 29 250 7 3 2 48 6 435 Utah 736 34 1,547 35 938 26 578 11 12 2 16 5 440 Ohio 1,624 70 2,105 37 1,937 55 650 5 2 2 25 3 442 California 314 21 410 31 283 35 187 8 4 2 44 5 443 Maryland 1,989 167 1,874 35 2,837 109 523 7 2 3 46 2 445 Pennsylvania 75 1 36 11 12 1 28 4 1 0 9 4 458 Oregon 121 12 299 17 73 5 84 6 1 2 9 4 463 Indiana 62 12 122 12 63 4 67 4 8 6 14 5 469 Texas 2,187 84 1,284 47 2,483 103 281 7 5 2 35 9 470 Georgia 1,418 52 740 33 2,300 110 254 8 8 3 41 9 475 Connecticut 211 8 262 18 508 22 180 6 2 2 29 2 478 Georgia 594 27 1,068 30 806 32 366 8 9 2 9 5 479 Arkansas 854 23 1,502 27 1,080 40 419 7 3 5 7 4 480 Arizona 2,653 79 1,066 25 2,458 89 51 7 4 2 3 6 484 Pennsylvania 2,794 146 2,185 42 1,640 59 284 9 2 3 57 3 501 Arkansas 1,189 40 1,787 27 1,339 52 555 7 2 2 24 5 502 Kentucky 1,326 91 1,357 26 1,612 65 405 7 4 3 27 7 503 Oregon 2,749 80 2,372 43 2,083 53 51 5 1 0 0 2 504 Louisiana 1,099 54 1,188 24 1,561 83 357 7 12 9 8 7 505 New Mexico 1,709 76 1,194 28 1,667 63 279 10 3 7 19 5 507 Minnesota 912 41 4,221 77 950 23 405 6 5 2 8 5 508 Massachusetts 2,817 159 2,520 31 1,581 36 256 5 1 2 8 1 509 Washington 1,694 59 2,247 42 1,807 66 516 9 1 1 12 7 510 California 2,252 67 2,228 35 2,249 79 322 5 4 2 11 3 512 Texas 2,902 76 1,734 34 2,318 67 107 9 1 1 11 2 513 Ohio 2,345 71 1,659 27 2,338 72 352 6 2 1 21 7 515 Iowa 1,306 58 1,675 55 1,175 34 348 7 22 0 11 6 U.S. Federal Communications Commission 18 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 7 Assigned, Aging, and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (CLECs and ILECs) Mobile Wireless VoIP Area Code State / Jurisdiction Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 516 New York 2,217 93 1,430 37 2,207 64 508 6 2 2 10 3 517 Michigan 1,125 34 2,531 48 1,153 36 349 5 7 0 13 4 518 New York 2,151 135 4,046 53 1,621 51 386 7 7 3 45 4 520 Arizona 1,663 65 1,230 33 1,592 64 328 7 3 2 24 7 530 California 1,454 50 3,078 47 1,429 52 342 7 5 3 97 8 531 Nebraska 192 11 313 20 146 9 144 9 6 2 11 4 534 Wisconsin 14 4 228 10 0 0 11 2 1 0 1 3 539 Oklahoma 116 8 527 17 43 6 121 7 3 2 16 6 540 Virginia 1,890 52 2,379 47 1,904 59 560 9 5 10 77 6 541 Oregon 1,718 68 3,574 47 1,807 56 376 8 6 2 11 2 551 New Jersey 321 14 213 25 608 46 175 6 1 2 15 2 559 California 1,370 42 2,169 34 2,072 101 346 6 3 2 53 7 561 Florida 1,633 166 1,230 40 1,913 71 211 5 9 2 8 5 562 California 1,639 54 1,494 33 1,882 88 318 5 3 2 10 5 563 Iowa 515 29 1,662 58 1,004 16 250 7 13 2 18 5 564 Washington 14 0 8 5 4 1 7 2 1 1 3 3 567 Ohio 519 20 1,133 33 342 13 243 8 5 2 54 6 570 Pennsylvania 2,253 61 2,871 45 1,684 47 655 14 4 2 30 2 571 Virginia 1,336 46 571 41 1,569 71 278 6 9 4 36 6 573 Missouri 1,000 45 3,543 39 1,230 37 489 8 16 3 81 5 574 Indiana 738 35 1,303 31 819 27 396 6 18 1 13 6 575 New Mexico 659 45 1,942 37 727 28 385 8 15 3 25 3 580 Oklahoma 590 40 3,692 38 895 40 1,110 11 3 2 76 4 585 New York 1,716 109 1,826 34 1,359 44 213 7 2 2 39 5 586 Michigan 942 38 1,021 30 2,330 44 261 5 7 0 1 3 601 Mississippi 1,150 45 2,649 31 1,216 53 525 8 1 3 45 2 602 Arizona 2,414 55 1,181 23 2,187 79 248 5 5 1 13 7 603 New Hampshire 1,822 80 4,533 42 1,637 41 470 6 5 5 10 2 605 South Dakota 971 53 3,608 70 1,067 29 794 7 5 4 50 8 606 Kentucky 687 38 2,817 34 901 35 1,058 10 9 1 2 3 607 New York 974 59 1,789 41 818 25 220 8 3 6 40 7 608 Wisconsin 1,515 40 2,753 67 1,393 38 572 8 3 2 5 5 609 New Jersey 1,974 142 2,150 38 2,012 64 462 6 4 5 56 6 610 Pennsylvania 2,995 77 2,534 43 1,455 24 270 8 2 1 3 4 612 Minnesota 1,676 44 739 33 2,114 61 140 6 3 1 3 7 614 Ohio 2,698 118 1,544 28 2,376 87 423 7 6 5 10 4 615 Tennessee 1,968 114 1,683 34 2,208 67 234 7 2 2 21 3 616 Michigan 1,294 46 1,426 34 1,250 39 220 5 5 0 9 6 617 Massachusetts 3,350 157 2,274 30 1,674 40 301 4 2 2 6 2 618 Illinois 1,000 58 3,865 43 1,342 42 556 10 1 2 43 3 619 California 1,924 80 1,600 31 2,646 101 350 6 7 3 12 6 620 Kansas 602 54 3,566 58 607 20 727 10 15 3 59 5 623 Arizona 974 48 345 22 800 27 91 5 3 1 0 3 626 California 1,595 72 1,574 32 2,185 112 235 5 8 2 12 5 628 California 430 20 185 24 208 16 86 5 15 2 18 9 629 Tennessee 208 10 140 18 93 5 42 5 15 2 17 7 630 Illinois 2,424 85 1,982 31 1,801 45 1,021 5 3 2 14 3 631 New York 2,459 111 2,509 36 1,764 63 252 6 2 2 39 3 636 Missouri 1,049 73 1,511 25 668 19 201 5 5 2 22 5 640 New Jersey 8 0 94 5 0 0 6 3 14 0 1 2 641 Iowa 409 29 2,783 58 489 14 540 8 7 0 20 4 646 New York 3,093 292 562 40 2,994 112 407 7 3 0 3 7 650 California 2,393 48 2,112 32 1,403 45 162 5 8 2 15 5 651 Minnesota 1,769 57 1,029 40 1,104 26 86 5 1 2 14 3 657 California 557 26 249 26 1,182 49 232 5 8 2 14 5 659 Alabama 1 0 122 4 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 1 660 Missouri 338 43 2,972 41 587 24 388 10 22 2 22 4 661 California 1,318 60 1,782 38 1,712 90 239 7 8 7 35 6 662 Mississippi 902 54 2,521 41 900 40 942 7 12 4 87 4 667 Maryland 598 15 501 24 143 7 199 9 4 6 41 7 669 California 480 14 182 24 359 29 105 5 6 1 10 5 670 Northern Mariana Is. 17 1 123 1 78 6 45 2 0 0 0 0 671 Guam 94 3 344 4 258 20 51 3 0 0 0 0 678 Georgia 2,362 236 1,319 35 2,734 82 137 6 2 1 0 3 680 New York 40 1 174 12 13 1 64 3 1 1 10 3 U.S. Federal Communications Commission 19 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 7 Assigned, Aging, and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (CLECs and ILECs) Mobile Wireless VoIP Area Code State / Jurisdiction Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 681 West Virginia 202 17 1,323 25 157 18 318 11 28 3 51 6 682 Texas 689 23 350 33 1,054 53 121 6 5 1 13 5 684 American Samoa 10 0 80 1 48 6 30 3 0 0 0 0 689 Florida 15 1 58 9 30 2 136 7 7 0 4 3 701 North Dakota 870 32 3,803 59 923 25 1,021 9 2 2 44 6 702 Nevada 2,816 77 1,462 32 2,624 117 167 6 6 3 9 3 703 Virginia 3,525 100 1,950 32 1,647 30 163 6 3 2 1 3 704 North Carolina 1,956 133 1,912 34 2,206 70 223 6 1 2 3 3 706 Georgia 1,622 82 2,648 56 2,061 76 466 8 2 2 9 3 707 California 1,960 55 2,732 37 1,627 54 273 7 4 2 63 3 708 Illinois 1,689 72 2,170 28 1,685 56 1,128 5 6 2 32 5 712 Iowa 526 40 3,189 97 614 18 723 11 22 2 52 6 713 Texas 2,801 44 2,129 31 1,591 41 44 5 0 0 0 0 714 California 2,066 92 2,082 32 2,609 75 151 5 2 2 1 1 715 Wisconsin 1,041 23 3,400 80 1,248 32 1,396 9 1 1 12 3 716 New York 1,681 117 2,025 38 1,887 58 363 7 6 2 23 6 717 Pennsylvania 2,744 86 2,263 39 2,244 61 226 7 6 4 22 5 718 New York 3,412 136 2,888 33 1,009 33 51 6 1 0 0 2 719 Colorado 1,656 87 1,692 41 1,290 43 300 9 9 6 21 8 720 Colorado 2,556 66 778 31 2,882 102 174 8 9 4 21 12 724 Pennsylvania 2,338 81 3,333 48 1,565 39 194 6 2 2 44 3 725 Nevada 214 17 130 16 122 13 68 5 6 3 7 7 726 Texas 57 1 7 9 9 1 4 3 3 0 1 2 727 Florida 1,532 74 1,535 29 1,605 56 131 5 7 7 10 5 731 Tennessee 472 27 1,728 32 940 23 436 6 5 2 34 4 732 New Jersey 2,777 126 2,298 35 1,903 48 195 6 3 2 15 3 734 Michigan 1,644 53 2,104 40 1,813 57 410 5 1 4 6 3 737 Texas 361 15 285 23 270 19 133 6 12 6 25 9 740 Ohio 1,385 66 3,512 36 1,487 53 581 7 1 2 52 2 743 North Carolina 21 1 70 9 19 1 41 4 5 1 9 6 747 California 344 20 200 21 359 42 110 5 5 2 16 5 754 Florida 362 20 151 27 412 32 78 5 2 2 6 5 757 Virginia 2,704 89 1,614 25 2,208 75 410 5 5 10 36 5 760 California 2,069 71 2,369 44 2,156 87 375 7 1 2 27 2 762 Georgia 185 16 655 30 112 7 157 6 2 2 25 3 763 Minnesota 1,198 45 970 42 801 40 56 7 1 2 2 3 765 Indiana 1,064 45 2,979 52 1,189 38 598 6 9 3 61 4 769 Mississippi 147 17 297 17 105 6 154 8 11 2 28 5 770 Georgia 2,266 66 1,608 32 1,619 32 95 7 2 1 0 3 772 Florida 604 58 618 32 628 21 140 5 4 2 6 3 773 Illinois 1,721 74 2,111 30 2,317 103 979 5 4 1 3 4 774 Massachusetts 742 46 1,202 28 1,157 49 508 5 2 3 72 2 775 Nevada 1,595 262 1,808 30 887 31 288 8 8 2 15 6 779 Illinois 262 14 380 28 266 14 184 7 7 1 22 4 781 Massachusetts 2,411 150 3,206 30 1,385 40 370 5 1 2 32 3 785 Kansas 846 29 3,450 54 822 25 666 10 9 0 19 4 786 Florida 1,359 167 732 39 3,075 152 335 7 13 7 10 8 787 Puerto Rico 1,930 36 1,583 9 2,984 110 659 6 0 0 0 0 801 Utah 3,324 88 1,593 22 1,993 40 110 5 2 2 1 2 802 Vermont 891 34 3,232 31 689 16 136 6 2 2 102 4 803 South Carolina 1,473 83 2,437 47 2,009 74 572 8 3 3 28 5 804 Virginia 2,351 124 1,778 26 1,710 59 333 8 5 2 51 7 805 California 2,135 75 2,251 42 2,015 72 417 7 10 4 61 5 806 Texas 758 49 3,753 36 1,068 36 595 8 3 0 6 3 808 Hawaii 1,922 53 1,351 14 1,844 58 235 5 4 0 2 3 810 Michigan 864 50 1,658 31 1,026 37 439 6 1 0 0 2 812 Indiana 1,416 53 3,572 49 1,687 55 679 9 4 1 14 4 813 Florida 2,372 127 1,748 33 2,130 88 289 6 6 2 10 8 814 Pennsylvania 2,285 107 2,999 33 1,420 37 362 16 3 2 31 6 815 Illinois 1,610 47 3,859 51 1,583 38 343 9 3 1 33 6 816 Missouri 1,760 107 2,230 38 1,814 80 363 8 12 2 18 6 817 Texas 2,194 78 2,587 42 2,012 44 51 6 2 2 4 2 818 California 2,243 111 2,071 30 2,237 88 271 5 1 2 0 1 820 California 8 0 17 4 0 0 5 3 23 0 11 4 828 North Carolina 1,021 57 2,095 36 1,391 47 421 7 7 3 23 4 U.S. Federal Communications Commission 20 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 7 Assigned, Aging, and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (CLECs and ILECs) Mobile Wireless VoIP Area Code State / Jurisdiction Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 830 Texas 663 30 1,937 37 717 26 379 9 4 2 54 4 831 California 877 31 1,378 30 874 31 113 5 6 2 37 7 832 Texas 1,922 109 798 35 4,137 144 403 7 2 2 6 4 838 New York 37 1 285 15 9 1 32 5 4 2 14 5 843 South Carolina 1,557 85 2,785 40 1,963 78 523 8 3 3 15 4 845 New York 1,780 129 2,511 48 1,420 46 318 7 7 3 68 6 847 Illinois 2,926 84 2,444 29 1,413 21 502 5 2 2 2 2 848 New Jersey 285 12 275 26 400 19 185 6 4 4 26 3 850 Florida 1,833 95 2,498 31 1,771 65 537 8 5 0 9 4 854 South Carolina 60 5 87 11 15 1 19 4 14 1 7 4 856 New Jersey 1,790 118 1,992 38 1,095 37 245 7 3 2 41 6 857 Massachusetts 740 45 405 31 1,062 57 244 8 2 2 29 8 858 California 1,705 89 1,095 27 923 25 160 5 10 5 12 7 859 Kentucky 1,264 64 1,756 33 1,272 40 434 10 5 2 19 5 860 Connecticut 1,877 84 2,915 21 2,018 62 251 7 2 2 45 3 862 New Jersey 497 22 405 35 909 48 231 7 2 2 30 9 863 Florida 884 42 1,062 29 990 42 440 8 5 1 21 5 864 South Carolina 1,279 95 1,892 35 1,734 64 351 6 11 2 39 7 865 Tennessee 918 60 1,018 27 1,276 41 180 7 5 2 31 8 870 Arkansas 811 42 3,757 41 1,188 52 1,046 7 4 3 49 3 872 Illinois 396 20 222 22 241 18 250 5 1 2 20 5 878 Pennsylvania 152 9 209 22 58 3 73 7 2 2 12 5 901 Tennessee 1,355 69 926 28 1,711 74 230 6 4 2 8 7 903 Texas 1,212 48 3,152 46 1,682 56 611 10 2 1 26 4 904 Florida 1,574 111 1,296 30 1,949 73 275 7 9 4 16 5 906 Michigan 277 10 2,068 24 308 8 574 6 0 0 8 2 907 Alaska 929 20 2,920 29 856 28 1,261 12 0 0 1 1 908 New Jersey 1,708 72 2,222 40 1,732 51 465 6 1 2 22 4 909 California 1,998 88 1,582 35 2,501 122 381 6 7 2 20 4 910 North Carolina 1,533 73 2,545 36 1,780 68 497 7 4 3 33 6 912 Georgia 873 38 1,914 38 1,271 51 531 9 3 2 39 7 913 Kansas 1,406 56 1,337 36 1,384 46 187 7 8 2 16 6 914 New York 2,095 96 1,484 43 1,464 46 501 6 5 1 19 3 915 Texas 823 19 691 23 1,123 43 124 6 5 0 0 2 916 California 2,406 62 1,897 35 2,326 80 176 6 8 2 13 4 917 New York 1,245 44 325 29 3,672 94 263 7 2 1 2 4 918 Oklahoma 1,444 56 3,289 53 1,793 70 606 7 1 2 43 2 919 North Carolina 2,247 121 1,861 34 2,256 69 273 7 1 2 1 2 920 Wisconsin 1,486 52 2,685 47 1,519 40 746 10 3 3 25 5 925 California 1,799 59 1,752 30 1,355 42 260 5 5 2 17 4 928 Arizona 1,097 66 1,695 37 1,059 45 536 8 10 4 21 5 929 New York 931 34 445 28 1,577 117 339 8 12 3 21 5 930 Indiana 28 4 66 6 8 0 6 1 23 1 16 4 931 Tennessee 680 36 2,009 37 1,064 38 476 7 9 2 41 5 934 New York 32 3 53 7 22 2 25 6 0 1 7 1 936 Texas 634 23 1,596 32 715 27 255 8 3 2 19 4 937 Ohio 1,678 58 2,710 37 1,787 65 480 7 2 1 47 6 938 Alabama 44 5 85 7 2 0 17 3 6 1 4 4 939 Puerto Rico 37 1 333 7 1,096 107 702 5 0 0 0 0 940 Texas 643 25 2,039 46 673 22 505 9 2 1 17 5 941 Florida 1,177 56 1,021 29 1,002 35 205 6 5 2 11 5 947 Michigan 91 7 85 12 468 13 284 5 8 0 1 2 949 California 2,103 108 1,349 34 1,689 65 187 5 7 2 8 5 951 California 1,558 64 1,221 33 2,068 98 310 5 6 3 27 5 952 Minnesota 1,464 37 930 38 483 11 65 5 2 1 0 2 954 Florida 1,845 166 1,437 32 2,109 74 167 5 3 1 5 5 956 Texas 1,083 37 1,363 29 2,187 91 833 6 16 2 11 4 959 Connecticut 41 2 83 11 41 4 59 6 8 4 13 4 970 Colorado 1,659 63 2,622 49 1,395 42 612 11 10 3 52 4 971 Oregon 682 27 543 28 912 41 221 6 3 2 14 6 972 Texas 3,087 70 2,890 42 1,114 25 57 7 2 2 8 2 973 New Jersey 2,867 134 2,447 43 1,665 42 221 8 2 2 13 3 978 Massachusetts 2,353 184 3,491 32 1,576 46 283 5 1 2 48 2 979 Texas 558 21 1,371 37 673 23 302 9 8 2 32 5 980 North Carolina 789 52 448 27 762 35 262 6 7 3 28 7 984 North Carolina 399 20 333 24 217 12 119 7 8 2 17 6 985 Louisiana 638 37 1,598 27 843 40 419 6 9 2 37 5 986 Idaho 28 0 21 8 11 1 10 2 12 0 0 3 989 Michigan 954 40 3,316 39 1,251 40 683 6 0 0 16 4 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with Somos, Inc. through June 30, 2020. Note: The Commission has found “that aggregated data (such as each carrier’s NPA wide utilization rate and number of NXXs assigned)” are not confidential. Numbering Resource Optimization, Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, CC Docket No. 99-200, 15 FCC Rcd 7574, 7607-08, para. 79 (2000). U.S. Federal Communications Commission 21 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 8 Pooled Thousands-blocks as of December 31, 2019 Wireline ( ILECs and CLECs) Mobile Wireless VoIP State / Jurisdiction Pooled Total1 Percent Pooled Total1 Percent Pooled Total1 Percent Alabama 5,177 14,867 34.8 % 3,480 8,687 40.1 % 109 153 71.2 % Alaska 116 1,393 8.3 % 395 1,595 24.8 % 1 1 100.0 % Arizona 5,104 15,291 33.4 % 5,120 9,851 52.0 % 73 115 63.5 % Arkansas 2,590 9,494 27.3 % 2,179 5,788 37.6 % 85 104 81.7 % California 43,276 111,395 38.8 % 36,131 63,941 56.5 % 900 1,131 79.6 % Colorado 5,806 16,827 34.5 % 4,091 8,268 49.5 % 116 322 36.0 % Connecticut 3,806 11,040 34.5 % 3,030 5,588 54.2 % 107 118 90.7 % Delaware 1,720 3,967 43.4 % 799 1,469 54.4 % 50 56 89.3 % District of Columbia 1,386 4,922 28.2 % 1,516 2,317 65.4 % 10 15 66.7 % Florida 21,166 52,028 40.7 % 16,818 32,713 51.4 % 281 383 73.4 % Georgia 10,326 29,007 35.6 % 8,882 18,432 48.2 % 145 231 62.8 % Hawaii 580 3,455 16.8 % 1,095 2,162 50.6 % 5 6 83.3 % Idaho 1,490 4,137 36.0 % 1,209 2,532 47.7 % 47 61 77.0 % Illinois 16,375 45,725 35.8 % 11,719 24,783 47.3 % 323 514 62.8 % Indiana 6,860 20,340 33.7 % 4,806 10,948 43.9 % 206 292 70.5 % Iowa 3,625 11,914 30.4 % 3,020 6,620 45.6 % 46 249 18.5 % Kansas 3,444 10,511 32.8 % 3,759 6,549 57.4 % 128 162 79.0 % Kentucky 3,910 14,731 26.5 % 2,987 7,383 40.5 % 70 97 72.2 % Louisiana 5,059 14,498 34.9 % 4,191 9,026 46.4 % 97 153 63.4 % Maine 1,596 5,914 27.0 % 949 2,139 44.4 % 6 23 26.1 % Maryland 8,346 20,713 40.3 % 5,530 10,011 55.2 % 202 245 82.4 % Massachusetts 10,215 31,461 32.5 % 6,875 12,402 55.4 % 220 270 81.5 % Michigan 11,650 35,849 32.5 % 10,441 20,976 49.8 % 53 183 29.0 % Minnesota 5,781 20,450 28.3 % 3,838 8,603 44.6 % 41 117 35.0 % Mississippi 3,327 9,346 35.6 % 1,840 5,053 36.4 % 207 237 87.3 % Missouri 7,205 21,404 33.7 % 5,347 10,828 49.4 % 202 288 70.1 % Montana 1,126 3,304 34.1 % 521 2,081 25.0 % 33 55 60.0 % Nebraska 1,964 6,530 30.1 % 2,134 4,128 51.7 % 29 57 50.9 % Nevada 2,856 8,246 34.6 % 2,605 4,346 59.9 % 42 71 59.2 % New Hampshire 1,270 6,576 19.3 % 967 2,253 42.9 % 11 19 57.9 % New Jersey 11,825 30,884 38.3 % 7,864 15,584 50.5 % 258 330 78.2 % New Mexico 1,649 5,161 32.0 % 1,568 3,207 48.9 % 48 121 39.7 % New York 25,257 65,120 38.8 % 20,510 33,928 60.5 % 379 484 78.3 % North Carolina 10,014 27,994 35.8 % 6,939 15,433 45.0 % 154 221 69.7 % North Dakota 586 1,990 29.4 % 422 1,751 24.1 % 14 60 23.3 % Ohio 12,176 37,226 32.7 % 10,608 21,345 49.7 % 319 420 76.0 % Oklahoma 3,788 11,337 33.4 % 3,705 7,297 50.8 % 193 221 87.3 % Oregon 4,341 12,075 36.0 % 3,118 5,977 52.2 % 41 102 40.2 % Pennsylvania 19,927 47,922 41.6 % 11,218 20,438 54.9 % 330 379 87.1 % Puerto Rico 515 3,917 13.1 % 2,490 5,764 43.2 % 0 0 NM Rhode Island 840 3,318 25.3 % 813 1,604 50.7 % 29 43 67.4 % South Carolina 4,509 12,081 37.3 % 3,336 7,495 44.5 % 105 146 71.9 % South Dakota 634 2,127 29.8 % 571 1,767 32.3 % 35 67 52.2 % Tennessee 6,759 18,189 37.2 % 5,741 11,577 49.6 % 199 276 72.1 % Texas 26,061 77,112 33.8 % 26,410 45,439 58.1 % 505 694 72.8 % Utah 3,305 8,234 40.1 % 2,708 4,873 55.6 % 60 99 60.6 % Vermont 984 3,806 25.9 % 463 859 53.9 % 96 109 88.1 % Virginia 9,820 25,214 38.9 % 6,694 13,096 51.1 % 288 368 78.3 % Washington 4,979 18,762 26.5 % 5,635 10,888 51.8 % 42 72 58.3 % West Virginia 2,272 6,704 33.9 % 1,388 3,087 45.0 % 92 119 77.3 % Wisconsin 5,251 18,757 28.0 % 3,353 10,521 31.9 % 79 230 34.3 % Wyoming 598 1,665 35.9 % 279 988 28.2 % 32 42 76.2 % United States 353,242 1,004,930 35.2 % 282,107 554,390 50.9 % 7,143 10,331 69.1 % Source: Pooling data provided by Somos, Inc. 1 Includes only those thousands-blocks in rate centers with pooling. NM - Not meaningful. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 22 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 9 Increased Utilization and Telephone Numbers Saved due to Thousands-Block Pooling as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands, except OCNs) Numbers Numbers Needed Utilization had Increased Numbers Total Percent Carrier Type OCNs Assigned to had Whole NXXs Whole NXXs Utilization Due to Saved Due to Numbers1 Utilized End-Users1 Been Issued Been Issued Pooling Pooling Competitive LEC 1,930 185,072 330,469 56.0% 1,075,850 17.2% 38.8% 745,381 Incumbent LEC 274 9,216 12,793 72.0% 28,170 32.7% 39.3% 15,377 Mobile Wireless 478 225,319 282,774 79.7% 370,620 60.8% 18.9% 87,846 VoIP 335 1,439 7,199 20.0% 61,460 2.3% 17.6% 54,261 Totals 3,017 421,046 633,235 66.5% 1,536,100 27.4% 0.0% 902,865 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with Somos, Inc. through June 30, 2020. 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in pooled blocks for which carriers reported utilization data. Note: Somos, Inc. also provided data on thousands-block pooling. Table 10 Number Utilization for Specialized Non-geographic Area Codes (in thousands, except NXXs) Unique Specialized Area Codes Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available1 Total NXXs 6,883 0 82 233 2 691 7,890 500 789 87.2% 0.0% 1.0% 2.9% 0.0% 8.8% 100.0% 7,676 26 22 153 0 32 7,910 521 791 97.0% 0.3% 0.3% 1.9% 0.0% 0.4% 100.0% 7,277 17 295 162 0 159 7,910 522 791 92.0% 0.2% 3.7% 2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 100.0% 7,348 0 35 324 0 173 7,880 523 788 93.3% 0.0% 0.4% 4.1% 0.0% 2.2% 100.0% 805 0 11 5 0 3,809 4,630 524 456 17.4% 0.0% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 82.3% 100.0% 7,598 0 3 74 0 235 7,910 533 791 96.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.9% 0.0% 3.0% 100.0% 7,695 2 0 95 0 108 7,900 544 790 97.4% 0.0% 0.0% 1.2% 0.0% 1.4% 100.0% 7,056 11 2 124 0 717 7,910 566 791 89.2% 0.1% 0.0% 1.6% 0.0% 9.1% 100.0% 7,172 138 1 145 0 454 7,910 577 791 90.7% 1.7% 0.0% 1.8% 0.0% 5.7% 100.0% 7,554 81 1 156 16 102 7,910 588 791 95.5% 1.0% 0.0% 2.0% 0.2% 1.3% 100.0% 66 0 1 0 1 62 130 900 13 51.1% 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% 0.6% 48.0% 100.0% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with Somos, Inc. through June 30, 2020. 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in blocks for which carriers reported utilization data. Table 11 Alternate Sources of NPA-NXX Assignments1 NPA-NXXs that appear in NRUF NANPA LERG NXXs All Three Databases NRUF, NANPA and LERG    164,013 Two of the Three Databases NRUF and NANPA   3,605 NANPA and LERG   1,670 NRUF and LERG   144 Only One Database NRUF  60 NANPA  3,896 LERG  188 Total NXXs in Database. 167,822 173,184 166,015 Sources: NANPA's NPA-NXX assignments database as of December 31, 2019; LERG, as of December 31, 2019; NRUF, as of December 31, 2019 (filings through June 30, 2020). 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 23 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Chart 1 Average Utilitzation Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 Average Utilization Rate 30 20 10 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of Thousands-blocks Held in a Single Rate Center CLEC ILEC Mobile Paging VoIP Note: Number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest twenty. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 24 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 12 Number Utilization over Time Competitive Incumbent Mobile Year Half-Year Paging VoIP Overall LEC LEC Wireless 2000 December 9.8 % 52.1 % 46.2 % 26.3 % n/a 40.1 % June 10.9 % 52.1 % 45.3 % 24.8 % n/a 39.6 % 2001 December 11.4 % 52.5 % 47.2 % 20.2 % n/a 39.7 % June 10.4 % 52.2 % 47.5 % 17.6 % n/a 39.2 % 2002 December 10.6 % 52.2 % 47.8 % 17.0 % n/a 39.2 % June 10.7 % 53.2 % 49.0 % 14.3 % n/a 39.9 % 2003 December 10.6 % 52.6 % 50.6 % 13.0 % n/a 39.5 % June 14.8 % 54.5 % 53.9 % 10.9 % n/a 42.3 % 2004 December 16.4 % 53.5 % 54.6 % 10.3 % n/a 42.2 % June 18.1 % 52.8 % 56.9 % 9.9 % n/a 43.0 % 2005 December 19.7 % 52.4 % 59.1 % 8.6 % n/a 43.4 % June 20.5 % 50.2 % 60.4 % 8.1 % n/a 43.3 % 2006 December 21.5 % 49.3 % 63.3 % 8.0 % n/a 44.2 % June 25.4 % 50.8 % 64.8 % 7.5 % n/a 46.7 % 2007 December 26.9 % 50.7 % 65.0 % 7.1 % n/a 47.1 % June 30.4 % 50.3 % 65.3 % 6.6 % n/a 48.1 % 2008 December 31.1 % 49.6 % 65.6 % 6.7 % n/a 47.9 % June 34.3 % 48.8 % 66.1 % 6.1 % n/a 48.5 % 2009 December 34.0 % 47.3 % 66.7 % 5.9 % n/a 47.9 % June 33.3 % 47.1 % 66.8 % 5.3 % n/a 47.9 % 2010 December 35.2 % 45.3 % 66.9 % 5.0 % n/a 47.6 % June 36.8 % 45.8 % 67.7 % 5.0 % n/a 48.5 % 2011 December 38.6 % 45.3 % 67.7 % 5.2 % n/a 49.0 % June 41.1 % 44.3 % 67.8 % 5.2 % n/a 49.3 % 2012 December 41.7 % 44.1 % 69.0 % 5.2 % n/a 49.8 % June 42.3 % 43.4 % 68.8 % 5.1 % n/a 49.7 % 2013 December 42.0 % 43.4 % 69.7 % 5.0 % 4.3 % 49.9 % June 42.1 % 43.1 % 70.7 % 4.5 % 26.8 % 50.1 % 2014 December 43.3 % 42.5 % 70.8 % 4.3 % 20.6 % 50.3 % June 44.7 % 41.5 % 70.8 % 4.4 % 21.1 % 50.6 % 2015 December 45.0 % 41.7 % 72.4 % 4.5 % 24.0 % 51.4 % June 42.2 % 40.6 % 73.3 % 4.5 % 6.1 % 50.6 % 2016 December 43.5 % 40.1 % 74.1 % 4.5 % 3.3 % 50.9 % June 43.7 % 39.4 % 74.3 % 4.2 % 1.3 % 51.1 % 2017 December 43.7 % 39.1 % 75.1 % 4.4 % 6.0 % 51.3 % June 45.3 % 37.4 % 75.3 % 5.7 % 4.2 % 51.4 % 2018 December 47.6 % 38.1 % 76.2 % 4.6 % 6.8 % 52.6 % June 47.5 % 38.4 % 76.2 % 4.7 % 13.2 % 52.6 % 2019 December 46.0 % 37.5 % 76.8 % 4.6 % 19.8 % 52.2 % Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports filed with Somos, Inc. through June 30, 2020. Note: Starting with June 2006 data, where an RBOC acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC in the RBOC's operating region are counted as incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 25 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 13 NPA-NXX Assignments, Returns, and Net Assignments Year Half-Year Assignments Returns Net Assignments 20031 December 1,341 824 517 June 1,616 505 1,111 2004 December 1,509 479 1,030 June 1,655 509 1,146 2005 December 1,421 449 972 June 2,109 369 1,740 2006 December 1,970 297 1,673 June 1,885 365 1,520 2007 December 1,331 384 947 June 1,524 262 1,262 2008 December 1,422 522 900 June 1,170 304 866 2009 December 974 230 744 June 1,457 147 1,310 2010 December 1,338 163 1,175 June 1,357 404 953 2011 December 1,535 216 1,319 June 1,345 344 1,001 2012 December 1,292 228 1,064 June 1,519 151 1,368 2013 December 1,193 133 1,060 June 1,380 99 1,281 2014 December 2,034 160 1,874 June 1,891 101 1,790 2015 December 1,837 132 1,705 June 1,848 108 1,740 2016 December 1,557 113 1,444 June 1,359 128 1,231 2017 December 1,354 83 1,271 June 1,413 150 1,263 2018 December 1,433 129 1,304 June 1,776 115 1,661 2019 December 1,657 190 1,467 Source: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_actStatus.html. 1 Data from prior periods can be found in the "Data as of June 30, 2009" edition of this report, which can be found at https://www.fcc.gov/general/telephone-numbering-data. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 26 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Chart 2 December 2019 June 2019 December 2018 June 2018 December 2017 June 2017 December 2016 June 2016 December 2015 States NPA-NXX Assignments, Returns, and Net Assignments June 2015 December 2014 United June 2014 the in December 2013 June 2013 December 2012 Utilization June 2012 December 2011 Net Assignments Resource June 2011 December 2010 June 2010 Numbering 2000 December 2009 June 2009 December 2008 Returns 1500 June 2008 December 2007 June 2007 1000 December 2006 June 2006 December 2005 Assignments 500 June 2005 27 December 2004 June 2004 0 December 2003 Commission Communications Federal U.S. Table 14 Number Porting Activity Since Wireless Porting Started1 (in Thousands) Ported from Wireline to Ported from Wireless to Ported from VoIP to Year Half-Year 2 Total Wireline Wireless VoIP Wireline Wireless VoIP Wireline Wireless VoIP 2003 December 1,199 14 n/a 2 817 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,032 June 4,559 455 n/a 8 4,111 n/a n/a n/a n/a 9,133 2004 December 4,470 595 n/a 8 4,801 n/a n/a n/a n/a 9,874 June 5,806 357 n/a 9 5,170 n/a n/a n/a n/a 11,342 2005 December 6,416 223 n/a 12 5,473 n/a n/a n/a n/a 12,124 June 7,328 173 n/a 14 4,983 n/a n/a n/a n/a 12,498 2006 December 5,945 265 n/a 13 5,287 n/a n/a n/a n/a 11,511 June 6,517 274 n/a 14 5,726 n/a n/a n/a n/a 12,531 2007 December 9,303 620 n/a 18 6,772 n/a n/a n/a n/a 16,712 June 7,815 125 n/a 18 6,436 n/a n/a n/a n/a 14,393 2008 December 5,080 171 n/a 23 5,455 n/a n/a n/a n/a 10,729 June 7,452 226 n/a 25 7,812 n/a n/a n/a n/a 15,516 2009 December 7,790 391 n/a 28 8,097 n/a n/a n/a n/a 16,306 June 9,324 205 n/a 29 8,665 n/a n/a n/a n/a 18,224 2010 December 11,241 214 n/a 68 10,696 n/a n/a n/a n/a 22,220 June 9,836 340 n/a 67 10,474 n/a n/a n/a n/a 20,717 2011 December 8,895 368 n/a 84 9,765 n/a n/a n/a n/a 19,112 June 9,500 392 n/a 92 9,270 n/a n/a n/a n/a 19,254 2012 December 11,067 462 n/a 135 10,222 n/a n/a n/a n/a 21,887 June 11,616 613 n/a 162 9,319 n/a n/a n/a n/a 21,710 2013 December 14,221 637 * 217 10,441 * * * 0 25,634 June 12,010 442 * 176 10,116 * * * 0 22,747 2014 December 13,993 414 0 179 14,222 0 * * 0 28,811 June 13,390 353 0 158 12,214 0 * * 0 26,117 2015 December 11,302 358 0 156 13,585 0 * * 0 25,403 June 15,229 370 * 133 13,058 * * * 0 28,792 2016 December 14,784 312 * 133 13,878 * * * 0 30,139 June 17,000 303 * 170 13,038 * 23 * * 30,756 2017 December 12,710 316 * 121 13,662 * * * 0 27,955 June 10,698 299 881 108 11,514 * 33 * * 23,538 2018 December 16,043 326 816 118 14,741 * 42 * * 32,092 June 13,577 560 1,119 120 12,463 1 58 6 * 27,902 2019 December 13,835 409 2,170 126 14,326 1 93 6 * 30,966 Cumulative Total 329,953 11,582 * 2,744 306,610 * * * * 658,678 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (Somos, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis Division staff, Office of Economics and Analytics. 1 These figures include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger in October 2004. n/a indicates that value is not applicable. * indicates a number withheld to protect provider confidentiality. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 28 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 15 Numbers in the Porting Database Over Time (in Thousands) Ported from Wireline to Ported from Wireless to Ported from VoIP to Year Half-Year Total Wireline Wireless VoIP Wireline Wireless1 VoIP Wireline Wireless VoIP 2003 December 25,869 16 n/a 2 795 n/a n/a n/a n/a 26,682 June 28,371 406 n/a 4 4,635 n/a n/a n/a n/a 33,417 2004 December 30,607 832 n/a 11 9,041 n/a n/a n/a n/a 41,491 June 34,169 1,092 n/a 19 12,956 n/a n/a n/a n/a 48,236 2005 December 37,608 1,246 n/a 29 16,101 n/a n/a n/a n/a 54,983 June 42,130 1,333 n/a 42 19,032 n/a n/a n/a n/a 62,538 2006 December 45,149 1,480 n/a 50 21,920 n/a n/a n/a n/a 68,600 June 48,416 1,637 n/a 56 25,399 n/a n/a n/a n/a 75,508 2007 December2 53,251 1,880 n/a 65 29,187 n/a n/a n/a n/a 84,384 June 56,229 1,915 n/a 75 32,140 n/a n/a n/a n/a 90,358 2008 December 59,045 2,075 n/a 91 35,991 n/a n/a n/a n/a 97,201 June 62,634 2,204 n/a 101 39,405 n/a n/a n/a n/a 104,344 2009 December 66,257 2,392 n/a 112 41,990 n/a n/a n/a n/a 110,750 June 69,750 2,381 n/a 130 44,808 n/a n/a n/a n/a 117,069 2010 December 74,750 2,376 n/a 172 48,584 n/a n/a n/a n/a 125,882 June 78,981 2,514 n/a 204 52,645 n/a n/a n/a n/a 134,343 2011 December 82,799 2,649 n/a 218 53,992 n/a n/a n/a n/a 139,657 June 87,343 2,851 n/a 263 56,310 n/a n/a n/a n/a 146,768 2012 December 92,919 3,117 n/a 335 59,373 n/a n/a n/a n/a 155,743 June 98,903 3,496 n/a 427 61,631 n/a n/a n/a n/a 164,457 2013 December 104,093 3,768 * 517 63,911 * * * 0 172,405 June 107,875 3,905 * 616 65,845 * * * 0 178,359 2014 December 111,818 6,316 * 803 62,793 * * * * 181,848 June 117,173 6,551 * 880 67,541 * * * * 192,261 2015 December 121,636 6,772 * 924 71,411 * * * * 200,859 June 123,967 6,983 * 968 75,137 * * * * 207,168 2016 December 130,754 7,146 * 1,002 78,437 * * * * 218,465 June 136,773 7,286 1,227 995 81,134 * 4 * * 227,482 2017 December 139,127 7,451 2,334 1,025 83,898 * 5 * * 233,858 June 143,209 7,562 3,150 1,006 86,458 * 10 * * 241,433 2018 December 143,709 7,738 3,886 1,017 89,740 * 10 * * 246,150 June 146,829 5,768 6,854 999 97,719 22 41 4 2 258,238 2019 December 143,142 5,635 4,811 974 94,532 21 19 4 1 249,139 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis Division staff, Office of Economics and Analytics. 1 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger in October 2004. 2 Starting with the July 2007 data, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers that have been ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously, the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. This was done to better estimate the number of phone numbers used in wireline and wireless service. n/a indicates that value is not applicable. * indicates a number withheld to protect provider confidentiality. ** indicates a number between 1 and 499. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 29 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 16 Numbers in the Porting Database by Porting Date as of December 31, 2019 (in Thousands) Ported from Wireline to Ported from Wireless to Ported from VoIP to Year Half-Year 3 Total Wireline Wireless VoIP Wireline Wireless VoIP Wireline Wireless VoIP June 1 n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1 1998 December 61 n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 61 June 226 n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 226 1999 December 285 n/a n/a 1 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 285 June 381 n/a n/a 2 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 383 2000 December 468 n/a n/a 2 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 470 June 512 n/a n/a 2 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 514 2001 December 574 n/a n/a 7 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 581 June 687 n/a n/a 5 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 692 2002 December 735 n/a n/a 7 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 742 June 647 n/a n/a 4 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 652 2003 December 662 2 n/a 5 154 n/a n/a n/a n/a 823 June 651 81 n/a 4 695 n/a n/a n/a n/a 1,432 2004 December 932 116 n/a 4 867 n/a n/a n/a n/a 1,920 June 821 64 n/a 5 868 n/a n/a n/a n/a 1,758 2005 December 897 63 n/a 4 1,045 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,009 June 1,028 43 n/a 5 974 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,051 2006 December 990 91 n/a 6 1,127 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,215 June 982 99 n/a 5 988 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,075 2007 December 1,173 200 n/a 7 1,232 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,613 June 1,821 50 n/a 7 1,112 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,990 2008 December 1,405 66 n/a 5 1,633 n/a n/a n/a n/a 3,110 June 1,409 69 n/a 6 1,498 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,982 2009 December 1,574 109 n/a 5 1,724 n/a n/a n/a n/a 3,411 June 1,809 73 n/a 6 1,397 n/a n/a n/a n/a 3,286 2010 December 2,333 78 n/a 12 1,697 n/a n/a n/a n/a 4,120 June 2,479 129 n/a 10 1,804 n/a n/a n/a n/a 4,422 2011 December 2,791 137 n/a 20 1,831 n/a n/a n/a n/a 4,780 June 3,166 143 n/a 29 1,586 n/a n/a n/a n/a 4,924 2012 December 3,860 176 n/a 34 2,203 n/a n/a n/a n/a 6,274 June 3,795 232 n/a 36 2,153 n/a n/a n/a n/a 6,217 2013 December 4,927 224 81 45 2,543 * ** ** * 7,822 June 4,984 212 * 55 2,848 * 1 ** 0 8,100 2014 December 5,813 231 0 68 4,168 0 1 ** 0 10,282 June 6,887 210 0 55 3,531 0 ** ** 0 10,685 2015 December 5,984 225 0 58 4,169 0 ** ** 0 10,436 June 7,086 245 * 38 4,073 * ** ** 0 11,444 2016 December 9,138 223 * 38 4,802 * 1 ** ** 15,071 June 8,533 238 177 82 5,036 * ** ** * 14,067 2017 December 9,292 271 * 54 6,094 * 2 ** * 16,636 June 8,904 288 833 53 6,188 * 2 ** ** 16,271 2018 December 10,259 336 736 60 8,031 3 1 ** ** 19,427 June 12,536 561 1,105 70 8,184 2 4 ** * 22,462 2019 December 13,332 480 2,140 74 11,462 3 24 ** 1 27,516 Cumulative Total 146,829 5,768 6,854 999 97,719 22 41 * * 258,237 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator as of December 31, 2019. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis Division staff, Office of Economics and Analytics. n/a indicates that value is not applicable. * indicates a number withheld to protect provider confidentiality. ** indicates a number between 1 and 499. Note: Area code splits can cause a number ported from one carrier to another to appear to be ported later than it occurred, as the database record must be updated to reflect the new area code. When this happens, the old porting record disappears from the database. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 30 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 17 Numbers Ported from Wireline Carriers by State and Recipient Carier Type1 (Numbers Ported in Thousands) Wireline to Wireline Wireline to Wireless Wireline to VoIP State / Jurisdiction Carriers Carriers Numbers Carriers Carriers Numbers Carriers Carriers Numbers Porting Receiving Ported Porting Receiving Ported Porting Receiving Ported Alabama 48 63 1,690 49 9 93 28 6 47 Alaska 10 10 178 11 6 18 0 0 0 American Samoa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Arizona 32 44 2,869 32 10 91 31 7 117 Arkansas 31 39 887 29 7 121 19 1 to 3 * California 66 73 18,764 64 11 538 53 9 1,109 Colorado 41 49 2,815 47 13 98 27 7 139 Connecticut 23 49 1,987 20 8 42 20 5 58 Delaware 25 44 738 22 7 10 21 7 43 District of Columbia 29 42 1,161 22 7 17 24 7 29 Florida 61 80 8,841 54 11 233 45 9 535 Georgia 66 89 4,503 64 8 190 42 5 246 Guam 4 4 14 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Hawaii 8 15 446 8 5 11 5 1 to 3 * Idaho 30 43 441 32 11 45 20 4 18 Illinois 67 83 7,188 65 8 220 35 6 274 Indiana 63 80 2,234 60 7 124 39 6 65 Iowa 107 115 861 123 9 48 26 5 27 Kansas 57 65 1,407 63 12 226 28 5 35 Kentucky 46 67 1,667 45 13 133 30 4 58 Louisiana 48 53 1,786 43 9 72 34 5 39 Maine 25 45 545 22 6 29 16 1 to 3 * Maryland 43 56 3,158 35 9 101 33 7 157 Massachusetts 41 50 5,449 34 8 141 27 7 307 Michigan 63 80 4,737 60 8 207 40 5 184 Minnesota 75 93 2,683 79 8 91 38 4 84 Mississippi 37 47 727 33 8 67 28 5 53 Missouri 46 63 2,503 47 9 127 30 4 191 Montana 25 33 324 23 9 26 18 1 to 3 * Nebraska 44 53 688 55 9 52 15 4 8 Nevada 36 42 1,352 29 9 26 28 4 68 New Hampshire 26 34 708 23 6 30 23 1 to 3 * New Jersey 49 57 4,568 41 9 153 35 8 395 New Mexico 33 38 501 29 11 34 16 1 to 3 * New York 89 105 11,022 83 11 389 62 7 448 North Carolina 55 76 3,890 49 10 171 39 4 123 North Dakota 28 33 149 35 9 22 15 4 13 Northern Mariana Islands 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Ohio 70 90 4,924 68 7 209 41 6 164 Oklahoma 44 46 1,485 50 15 72 27 4 58 Oregon 54 60 1,388 47 8 84 29 5 59 Pennsylvania 65 83 6,109 60 12 222 43 7 301 Puerto Rico 8 10 433 8 5 42 0 0 0 Rhode Island 19 28 733 17 6 11 16 1 to 3 * South Carolina 42 68 1,495 39 7 82 31 4 50 South Dakota 32 38 185 33 8 16 14 1 to 3 * Tennessee 57 72 2,661 52 10 108 38 5 95 Texas 84 105 11,907 93 16 426 60 8 691 Utah 31 34 1,469 31 11 59 23 6 45 Vermont 23 25 250 16 6 12 13 1 to 3 * Virgin Islands 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 4 * 0 0 0 Virginia 45 67 4,382 42 11 155 34 7 154 Washington 46 55 2,997 43 8 110 34 7 125 West Virginia 27 40 462 23 9 21 17 4 19 Wisconsin 56 76 2,289 73 10 130 28 4 48 Wyoming 19 24 177 19 10 11 8 1 to 3 * United States 1,102 1,177 146,829 1,141 86 5,768 499 16 6,854 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator as of December 31, 2019. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis Division staff, Office of Economics and Analytics. 1 Starting with the July 2007 report, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. This is done to better estimate the number of phone numbers used in wireline and wireless service. * Indicates that the number has been withheld to protect carrier confidentiality. ** Indicates a number between 1 and 499. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 31 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 18 Numbers Ported from Wireless Carriers by State and Recipient Carier Type1 (Numbers Ported in Thousands) Wireless to Wireline Wireless to Wireless Wireless to VoIP State / Jurisdiction Carriers Carriers Numbers Carriers Carriers Numbers Carriers Carriers Numbers Porting Receiving Ported Porting Receiving Ported Porting Receiving Ported Alabama 7 47 10 9 8 1,241 5 1 to 3 * Alaska 7 11 1 8 8 146 0 0 0 American Samoa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Arizona 5 36 15 7 8 2,003 5 1 to 3 * Arkansas 4 27 4 5 6 583 4 1 to 3 * California 7 63 174 7 10 12,609 5 5 4 Colorado 7 38 19 9 12 1,840 6 1 to 3 * Connecticut 4 26 12 5 6 1,041 4 1 to 3 * Delaware 4 29 2 4 5 234 4 1 to 3 * District of Columbia 5 28 7 5 7 407 4 1 to 3 * Florida 6 59 56 7 9 7,091 5 1 to 3 * Georgia 9 63 36 6 8 3,003 6 4 2 Guam 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 5 5 43 0 0 0 Hawaii 4 12 2 5 4 437 4 1 to 3 * Idaho 8 31 5 10 10 432 5 1 to 3 * Illinois 8 62 33 9 8 4,531 5 5 1 Indiana 5 56 17 6 7 1,631 4 1 to 3 * Iowa 8 45 12 14 8 793 5 1 to 3 * Kansas 13 48 9 21 14 814 6 1 to 3 * Kentucky 12 41 6 12 13 970 5 1 to 3 * Louisiana 6 40 8 8 9 1,125 5 1 to 3 * Maine 5 27 3 5 6 329 5 1 to 3 * Maryland 6 46 18 7 9 1,807 5 1 to 3 * Massachusetts 5 38 25 5 8 2,056 4 1 to 3 * Michigan 8 59 34 8 7 3,075 4 1 to 3 * Minnesota 5 54 18 6 7 1,667 4 1 to 3 * Mississippi 7 33 4 11 9 709 5 1 to 3 * Missouri 11 43 18 12 10 1,675 5 1 to 3 * Montana 5 22 1 7 10 199 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Nebraska 7 30 4 8 9 405 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Nevada 7 34 8 7 8 899 5 1 to 3 * New Hampshire 5 25 3 5 6 335 5 1 to 3 * New Jersey 6 44 27 5 8 2,749 4 4 1 New Mexico 7 32 4 8 9 605 4 1 to 3 * New York 7 75 80 9 9 6,766 4 4 2 North Carolina 11 52 28 12 9 2,568 5 1 to 3 * North Dakota 5 22 1 8 8 154 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Northern Mariana Islands 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 4 * 0 0 0 Ohio 7 65 37 7 7 3,247 4 1 to 3 * Oklahoma 7 34 8 14 14 1,016 5 1 to 3 * Oregon 5 44 15 6 7 1,216 5 1 to 3 * Pennsylvania 8 57 37 10 11 3,633 5 1 to 3 * Puerto Rico 5 9 4 5 5 1,085 0 0 0 Rhode Island 4 20 3 4 5 344 4 1 to 3 * South Carolina 7 50 10 8 7 1,178 5 1 to 3 * South Dakota 4 19 1 5 7 225 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Tennessee 8 53 13 8 9 1,907 5 1 to 3 * Texas 13 79 65 16 15 9,051 7 4 3 Utah 5 33 12 8 10 956 4 1 to 3 * Vermont 5 15 2 6 6 114 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Virgin Islands 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 4 * 0 0 0 Virginia 8 50 27 8 9 2,340 5 1 to 3 * Washington 8 42 36 9 8 2,258 7 4 1 West Virginia 5 22 2 7 7 360 4 1 to 3 * Wisconsin 10 51 19 9 10 1,700 6 1 to 3 * Wyoming 7 17 1 9 9 98 1 to 3 1 to 3 * United States 136 684 999 177 89 97,719 69 9 22 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator as of December 31, 2019. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis Division staff, Office of Economics and Analytics. 1 Starting with the July 2007 report, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. This is done to better estimate the number of phone numbers used in wireline and wireless service. * indicates that the number has been withheld to protect carrier confidentiality. ** indicates a number between 1 and 499. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 32 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 19 Numbers Ported1 from VoIP Providers by State and Recipient Carier Type (Numbers Ported in Thousands) VoIP to Wireline VoIP to Wireless VoIP to VoIP State / Jurisdiction Carriers Carriers Numbers Carriers Carriers Numbers Carriers Carriers Numbers Porting Receiving Ported Porting Receiving Ported Porting Receiving Ported Alabama 5 15 ** 1 to 3 4 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Alaska 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 American Samoa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Arizona 4 9 ** 1 to 3 6 * 0 0 0 Arkansas 4 14 ** 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * California 9 37 6 5 8 1 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Colorado 1 to 3 9 * 1 to 3 7 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Connecticut 1 to 3 11 * 1 to 3 4 * 0 0 0 Delaware 1 to 3 8 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 District of Columbia 1 to 3 7 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Florida 6 19 1 4 6 ** 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Georgia 5 15 ** 4 7 ** 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Guam 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hawaii 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 0 0 0 Idaho 4 4 ** 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Illinois 5 24 3 1 to 3 7 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Indiana 4 14 2 1 to 3 4 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Iowa 1 to 3 6 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Kansas 4 18 4 1 to 3 8 * 0 0 0 Kentucky 7 7 ** 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Louisiana 4 9 ** 1 to 3 6 * 0 0 0 Maine 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Maryland 1 to 3 16 * 1 to 3 4 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Massachusetts 1 to 3 21 * 1 to 3 7 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Michigan 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Minnesota 1 to 3 9 * 1 to 3 5 * 0 0 0 Mississippi 5 12 ** 1 to 3 5 * 0 0 0 Missouri 4 19 ** 4 7 ** 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Montana 1 to 3 5 * 1 to 3 4 * 0 0 0 Nebraska 4 4 2 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Nevada 1 to 3 7 * 1 to 3 4 * 0 0 0 New Hampshire 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 0 0 0 New Jersey 5 21 ** 1 to 3 6 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * New Mexico 1 to 3 6 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 New York 1 to 3 31 * 1 to 3 9 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * North Carolina 1 to 3 10 * 1 to 3 4 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * North Dakota 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Northern Mariana Islands 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ohio 7 21 5 5 6 ** 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Oklahoma 1 to 3 14 * 1 to 3 7 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Oregon 1 to 3 9 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Pennsylvania 5 28 1 1 to 3 6 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Puerto Rico 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rhode Island 1 to 3 4 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * South Carolina 1 to 3 14 * 1 to 3 5 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * South Dakota 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 4 * 0 0 0 Tennessee 4 16 ** 1 to 3 6 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Texas 7 31 5 5 7 ** 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Utah 1 to 3 7 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Vermont 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Virgin Islands 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Virginia 5 20 ** 1 to 3 8 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Washington 4 12 ** 1 to 3 4 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * West Virginia 1 to 3 4 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 Wisconsin 4 11 ** 1 to 3 7 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * Wyoming 1 to 3 4 * 1 to 3 1 to 3 * 0 0 0 United States 13 149 41 9 17 * 6 1 to 3 * Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator as of December 31, 2019. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis Division staff, Office of Economics and Analytics. 1 Starting with the July 2007 report, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. This is done to better estimate the number of phone numbers used in wireline and wireless service. * indicates that the number has been withheld to protect carrier confidentiality. ** indicates a number between 1 and 499. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 33 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 20 Percentage of Assigned Numbers in the Porting Database as of December 31, 2019 (Ported, Assigned in Thousands) Wireline Wireless Total VoIP State / Jurisdiction Ported Assigned Percent Ported Assigned Percent Ported Assigned Percent Ported Assigned Percent Alabama 1,823 5,129 35.5 % 1,257 5,928 21.2 % 3,080 11,057 27.9 % 1 46 2.8 % Alaska 180 929 19.4 % 163 856 19.1 % 343 1,785 19.2 % 0 0 NM American Samoa 0 0 NM 0 0 NM 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Arizona 3,053 8,800 34.7 % 2,038 8,095 25.2 % 5,091 16,896 30.1 % 5 25 20.0 % Arkansas 1,021 2,854 35.8 % 611 3,607 16.9 % 1,632 6,460 25.3 % 1 9 6.8 % California 20,280 54,047 37.5 % 12,889 52,954 24.3 % 33,169 107,001 31.0 % 36 229 15.8 % Colorado 3,016 9,094 33.2 % 1,888 7,085 26.6 % 4,904 16,179 30.3 % 7 29 26.0 % Connecticut 2,077 4,497 46.2 % 1,061 4,694 22.6 % 3,138 9,191 34.1 % 3 13 25.0 % Delaware 789 2,174 36.3 % 238 1,193 19.9 % 1,027 3,367 30.5 % 1 6 15.4 % District Of Columbia 1,202 3,655 32.9 % 417 1,863 22.4 % 1,619 5,518 29.3 % 2 5 39.0 % Florida 9,535 23,493 40.6 % 7,207 26,774 26.9 % 16,742 50,267 33.3 % 17 102 17.1 % Georgia 4,907 11,688 42.0 % 3,062 14,714 20.8 % 7,968 26,402 30.2 % 12 43 27.4 % Guam 14 94 15.4 % 43 258 16.6 % 57 352 16.3 % 0 0 NM Hawaii 457 1,922 23.8 % 442 1,844 24.0 % 899 3,766 23.9 % 0 4 1.3 % Idaho 494 2,033 24.3 % 445 1,970 22.6 % 940 4,002 23.5 % 0 18 2.1 % Illinois 7,617 18,793 40.5 % 4,621 16,970 27.2 % 12,238 35,763 34.2 % 13 70 18.1 % Indiana 2,394 7,463 32.1 % 1,675 7,859 21.3 % 4,069 15,322 26.6 % 3 86 4.0 % Iowa 932 3,688 25.3 % 809 4,175 19.4 % 1,740 7,864 22.1 % 1 83 1.0 % Kansas 1,623 3,610 45.0 % 867 4,886 17.8 % 2,490 8,496 29.3 % 5 42 11.2 % Kentucky 1,837 4,570 40.2 % 996 5,060 19.7 % 2,833 9,630 29.4 % 1 23 4.4 % Louisiana 1,876 4,552 41.2 % 1,153 6,475 17.8 % 3,029 11,027 27.5 % 1 42 1.4 % Maine 568 1,732 32.8 % 343 1,481 23.2 % 911 3,212 28.4 % 1 14 8.3 % Maryland 3,397 11,007 30.9 % 1,839 7,947 23.1 % 5,236 18,954 27.6 % 6 16 38.6 % Massachusetts 5,867 14,405 40.7 % 2,104 9,686 21.7 % 7,970 24,091 33.1 % 9 12 75.5 % Michigan 5,073 13,021 39.0 % 3,158 15,414 20.5 % 8,231 28,435 28.9 % 7 44 14.9 % Minnesota 2,835 8,715 32.5 % 1,706 6,903 24.7 % 4,541 15,618 29.1 % 4 26 16.1 % Mississippi 837 2,525 33.1 % 722 2,991 24.1 % 1,559 5,516 28.3 % 1 39 1.9 % Missouri 2,797 7,354 38.0 % 1,715 7,986 21.5 % 4,512 15,340 29.4 % 2 85 2.7 % Montana 348 1,165 29.8 % 210 1,159 18.1 % 558 2,324 24.0 % 0 3 3.5 % Nebraska 730 2,473 29.5 % 427 3,282 13.0 % 1,157 5,755 20.1 % 2 7 30.8 % Nevada 1,439 4,625 31.1 % 913 3,633 25.1 % 2,352 8,258 28.5 % 1 21 7.3 % New Hampshire 771 1,822 42.3 % 351 1,637 21.5 % 1,122 3,458 32.4 % 1 5 23.5 % New Jersey 5,079 15,014 33.8 % 2,800 12,478 22.4 % 7,879 27,493 28.7 % 14 41 33.3 % New Mexico 559 2,368 23.6 % 618 2,394 25.8 % 1,177 4,762 24.7 % 1 18 6.7 % New York 11,754 33,586 35.0 % 6,934 27,785 25.0 % 18,687 61,370 30.4 % 21 61 34.1 % North Carolina 4,146 10,886 38.1 % 2,630 12,004 21.9 % 6,776 22,889 29.6 % 6 39 16.8 % North Dakota 181 870 20.8 % 158 923 17.1 % 340 1,793 18.9 % 0 2 5.1 % Northern Mariana Islands 0 17 0.7 % 5 78 6.6 % 5 94 5.6 % 0 0 NM Ohio 5,255 15,668 33.5 % 3,326 16,311 20.4 % 8,581 31,980 26.8 % 5 44 11.4 % Oklahoma 1,600 3,884 41.2 % 1,041 4,760 21.9 % 2,641 8,643 30.6 % 1 12 4.8 % Oregon 1,508 5,270 28.6 % 1,253 4,875 25.7 % 2,760 10,145 27.2 % 2 11 20.1 % Pennsylvania 6,588 23,670 27.8 % 3,707 16,599 22.3 % 10,295 40,269 25.6 % 9 35 24.5 % Puerto Rico 467 1,966 23.7 % 1,097 4,080 26.9 % 1,564 6,046 25.9 % 0 0 NM Rhode Island 755 1,494 50.5 % 349 1,309 26.7 % 1,104 2,803 39.4 % 0 2 8.4 % South Carolina 1,609 4,370 36.8 % 1,206 5,721 21.1 % 2,815 10,090 27.9 % 1 32 3.7 % South Dakota 198 971 20.4 % 234 1,067 21.9 % 432 2,038 21.2 % 3 5 57.4 % Tennessee 2,842 6,953 40.9 % 1,942 9,009 21.6 % 4,784 15,962 30.0 % 2 43 5.3 % Texas 12,912 34,200 37.8 % 9,214 36,756 25.1 % 22,126 70,956 31.2 % 21 142 14.9 % Utah 1,555 4,768 32.6 % 984 3,950 24.9 % 2,539 8,718 29.1 % 2 21 8.8 % Vermont 269 891 30.2 % 122 689 17.7 % 391 1,580 24.7 % 0 2 12.6 % Virgin Islands 1 34 3.9 % 13 125 10.4 % 14 160 9.0 % 0 0 NM Virginia 4,667 13,321 35.0 % 2,386 10,359 23.0 % 7,053 23,680 29.8 % 6 38 16.8 % Washington 3,209 9,633 33.3 % 2,313 8,947 25.9 % 5,522 18,581 29.7 % 5 17 30.6 % West Virginia 498 1,947 25.6 % 366 2,013 18.2 % 864 3,961 21.8 % 0 30 0.7 % Wisconsin 2,429 7,173 33.9 % 1,757 6,697 26.2 % 4,186 13,871 30.2 % 2 15 10.3 % Wyoming 196 727 27.0 % 101 675 15.0 % 297 1,402 21.2 % 0 4 5.6 % Total 158,065 441,611 35.8 % 99,926 428,982 23.3 % 257,991 870,593 29.6 % 247 1,762 14.0 % Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator and Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports as of December 31, 2019. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis Division staff, Office of Economics and Analytics. Note: Unlike in Tables 15 - 19, the carrier type is that of the carrier porting the number. This is done to provide a measure of the likelihood that a number currently employed in either service will be ported. NM indicates a value is not meaningful. * indicates that the number has been withheld to protect carrier confidentiality. ** indicates a number between 1 and 499. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 34 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 21 Numbers Assigned for Toll-Free Service1 Working Miscellaneous Assigned Available Year2 Numbers Numbers3 Numbers Numbers 1993 3,155,955 731,438 3,887,393 3,822,607 1994 4,948,605 763,235 5,711,840 1,998,160 1995 6,700,576 286,487 6,987,063 722,937 1996 9,527,982 945,671 10,473,653 5,216,347 1997 12,980,714 996,449 13,977,163 1,712,837 1998 16,200,883 965,466 17,166,349 6,503,651 1999 19,677,001 1,101,964 20,778,965 2,891,035 2000 23,022,015 1,178,096 24,200,111 7,449,889 2001 23,453,029 1,027,973 24,481,002 7,168,998 2002 22,496,215 1,051,232 23,547,447 8,102,553 2003 21,108,662 941,520 22,050,182 9,599,818 2004 22,159,440 1,145,661 23,305,101 8,344,899 2005 22,474,643 957,835 23,432,478 8,217,522 2006 22,709,753 756,808 23,466,561 8,183,439 2007 23,902,113 585,864 24,487,982 7,322,018 2008 24,556,244 773,164 25,329,408 6,480,592 2009 26,035,821 488,248 26,524,069 5,285,931 2010 28,881,898 456,394 29,338,292 10,451,794 2011 30,985,584 666,819 31,652,403 8,137,690 2012 33,362,705 536,522 33,899,227 5,890,867 2013 36,532,431 616,373 37,148,834 10,621,260 2014 38,973,302 677,531 39,650,833 8,119,261 2015 39,952,307 560,325 40,512,632 7,257,462 2016 40,536,592 716,063 41,252,655 6,517,439 2017 40,985,379 615,481 41,600,860 14,149,234 2018 41,227,677 518,805 42,217,352 14,003,612 2019 40,502,337 630,311 41,132,648 14,617,446 1 Toll-free (800) service was initially offered by AT&T in 1967. On May 1, 1993, procedures for routing toll- free calls were changed and 800 numbers were made "portable" so customers who switched service providers could retain their numbers. Due to the growth in demand for toll-free numbers, a new toll-free calling code, 888, was added in March 1996, which made it possible to assign about 8 million new toll-free numbers. A third toll-free calling code, 877, was added in April 1998; a fourth toll-free code, 866, was added in July 2000; a fifth toll-free code, 855, was added in October 2010; a sixth toll- free code, 844, was added in December 2013; and a seventh toll-free code, 833, was added in June 2017. 2 As of December 31. 3 Miscellaneous numbers include those in the 800, 888, 877, 866, 855, 844, and 833 service management systems maintained by Database Service Management, Inc., and categorized as reserved, assigned but not yet activated, recently disconnected, or suspended. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 35 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 22 Numbers Assigned for 800 Toll-Free Service1 Working Miscellaneous Assigned Available Year2 Numbers Numbers3 Numbers Numbers 2000 7,566,810 132,887 7,699,697 10,303 2001 7,370,055 184,689 7,554,744 155,256 2002 7,210,159 203,268 7,413,427 296,573 2003 7,089,752 260,807 7,350,559 359,441 2004 7,332,085 208,368 7,540,453 169,547 2005 7,317,165 277,052 7,594,217 115,783 2006 7,445,535 207,672 7,653,207 56,793 2007 7,736,774 123,226 7,860,000 10,000 2008 7,731,430 128,570 7,860,000 10,000 2009 7,793,883 66,117 7,860,000 10,000 2010 7,811,254 58,832 7,870,086 0 2011 7,805,880 64,213 7,870,093 0 2012 7,820,408 49,685 7,870,093 0 2013 7,884,262 95,738 7,980,000 0 2014 7,810,483 59,611 7,870,094 0 2015 7,817,702 52,392 7,870,094 0 2016 7,825,200 44,894 7,870,094 0 2017 7,797,956 72,138 7,870,094 0 2018 7,795,900 74,194 7,870,094 0 2019 7,790,370 79,724 7,870,094 0 Note: Data from prior periods can be found in Table 18.4 of the February 2007 edition of the Trends in Telephone Service, which can be found at: https://www.fcc.gov/general/trends-telephone-service. 1,2,3 See footnotes for Table 21. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 36 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 23 Numbers Assigned for 888 Toll-Free Service1 Working Miscellaneous Assigned Available Year2 Numbers Numbers3 Numbers Numbers 2000 7,789,188 177,328 7,966,516 13,484 2001 7,452,071 190,727 7,642,798 337,202 2002 6,610,191 154,015 6,764,206 1,215,794 2003 5,711,949 250,662 5,962,611 2,017,389 2004 5,563,469 384,320 5,947,789 2,032,211 2005 5,265,331 196,817 5,462,148 2,517,852 2006 4,894,774 154,764 5,049,538 2,930,462 2007 5,075,256 134,928 5,210,184 2,769,816 2008 5,204,756 195,377 5,400,133 2,579,867 2009 5,690,770 117,469 5,808,239 2,171,761 2010 6,587,077 78,444 6,665,521 1,314,479 2011 7,027,590 207,448 7,235,038 744,962 2012 7,753,648 74,401 7,828,049 151,951 2013 7,884,262 95,738 7,980,000 0 2014 7,802,363 163,836 7,966,199 13,801 2015 7,654,449 110,251 7,764,700 215,300 2016 7,460,689 73,268 7,533,957 446,043 2017 7,322,804 187,513 7,510,317 469,683 2018 7,177,872 518,805 7,696,677 754,193 2019 6,623,433 101,433 6,724,866 1,255,134 Note: Data from prior periods can be found in Table 18.4 of the February 2007 edition of the Trends in Telephone Service, which can be found at: https://www.fcc.gov/general/trends-telephone-service. 1,2,3 See footnotes for Table 21. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 37 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 24 Numbers Assigned for 877 Toll-Free Service1 Working Miscellaneous Assigned Available Year2 Numbers Numbers3 Numbers Numbers 2000 6,391,285 719,333 7,110,618 869,382 2001 6,214,863 345,468 6,560,331 1,419,669 2002 5,448,276 421,984 5,870,260 2,109,740 2003 4,536,366 191,410 4,727,776 3,252,224 2004 4,551,486 254,082 4,805,568 3,174,432 2005 4,424,365 212,543 4,636,908 3,343,092 2006 4,158,082 191,476 4,349,558 3,630,442 2007 4,236,995 151,687 4,388,682 3,591,318 2008 4,126,424 187,099 4,313,523 3,666,477 2009 4,942,751 131,204 5,073,955 2,906,045 2010 6,538,482 102,199 6,640,681 1,339,319 2011 6,863,007 100,962 6,963,969 1,016,031 2012 7,378,618 106,795 7,485,413 494,587 2013 7,847,193 132,807 7,980,000 0 2014 7,772,785 158,792 7,931,577 48,423 2015 7,648,038 104,868 7,752,906 227,094 2016 7,530,028 82,222 7,612,250 367,750 2017 7,289,432 80,434 7,369,866 610,134 2018 6,930,687 75,686 7,006,373 973,627 2019 6,635,993 59,174 6,695,167 1,284,833 Note: Data from prior periods can be found in Table 18.4 of the February 2007 edition of the Trends in Telephone Service, which can be found at: https://www.fcc.gov/general/trends-telephone-service. 1,2,3 See footnotes for Table 21. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 38 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 25 Numbers Assigned for 866 Toll-Free Service1 Working Miscellaneous Assigned Available Year2 Numbers Numbers3 Numbers Numbers 2000 1,274,732 148,548 1,423,280 6,556,720 2001 2,416,040 307,089 2,723,129 5,256,871 2002 3,227,589 271,965 3,499,554 4,480,446 2003 3,770,595 238,641 4,009,236 3,970,764 2004 4,712,400 298,891 5,011,291 2,968,709 2005 5,467,782 271,423 5,739,205 2,240,795 2006 6,201,362 212,896 6,414,258 1,565,742 2007 6,853,093 176,023 7,029,116 950,884 2008 7,493,634 262,118 7,755,752 244,248 2009 7,608,417 173,458 7,781,875 198,125 2010 7,651,341 139,092 7,790,433 189,567 2011 7,695,911 185,229 7,881,140 98,860 2012 7,725,373 254,628 7,980,001 0 2013 7,880,100 99,900 7,980,000 0 2014 7,779,412 152,329 7,931,741 48,259 2015 7,656,916 126,120 7,783,036 196,964 2016 7,444,279 71,523 7,515,802 464,198 2017 7,209,228 96,735 7,305,963 674,037 2018 6,855,461 73,236 6,928,697 1,051,303 2019 6,503,099 79,212 6,582,311 1,397,689 Note: Data from prior periods can be found in Table 18.4 of the February 2007 edition of the Trends in Telephone Service, which can be found at: https://www.fcc.gov/general/trends-telephone-service. 1,2,3 See footnotes for Table 21. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 39 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 26 Numbers Assigned for 855 Toll-Free Service1 Working Miscellaneous Assigned Available Year2 Numbers Numbers3 Numbers Numbers 2010 293,744 77,827 371,571 7,608,429 2011 1,593,196 108,967 1,702,163 6,277,837 2012 2,684,658 51,013 2,735,671 5,244,329 2013 5,040,432 194,479 5,234,911 2,745,089 2014 5,821,720 68,796 5,890,516 2,089,484 2015 5,894,229 73,639 5,967,868 2,012,132 2016 5,884,346 95,561 5,979,907 2,000,093 2017 5,761,972 29,020 5,790,992 2,189,008 2018 5,721,883 132,098 5,853,981 2,126,019 2019 5,726,390 63,604 5,789,994 2,190,006 1,2,3 See footnotes for Table 21. Table 27 Numbers Assigned for 844 Toll-Free Service1 Working Miscellaneous Assigned Available Year2 Numbers Numbers3 Numbers Numbers 2013 59,613 44,216 103,829 7,876,171 2014 1,986,539 74,167 2,060,706 5,919,294 2015 3,280,973 93,055 3,374,028 4,605,972 2016 4,392,050 348,595 4,740,645 3,239,355 2017 4,763,597 80,296 4,843,893 3,136,107 2018 4,783,161 47,365 4,830,526 3,149,474 2019 4,680,038 198,594 4,878,632 3,101,368 1,2,3 See footnotes for Table 21. Table 28 Numbers Assigned for 833 Toll-Free Service1 Working Miscellaneous Assigned Available Year2 Numbers Numbers3 Numbers Numbers 2017 840,390 69,345 909,735 7,070,265 2018 1,962,713 68,291 2,031,004 5,948,996 2019 2,543,014 48,570 2,591,584 5,388,416 1,2,3 See footnotes for Table 21. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 40 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 29 Area Codes by State (1947 - 2019) Area Code Area Code Area Code Area Code Area Code State / Jurisdiction Area Code State / Jurisdiction Area Code State / Jurisdiction Area Code State / Jurisdiction Opened Opened Opened Opened 205 Alabama Jan-47 678 Georgia Jan-98 228 Mississippi Sep-97 223 Pennsylvania Sep-17 251 Alabama Jun-01 706 Georgia May-92 601 Mississippi Jan-47 267 Pennsylvania Jul-99 256 Alabama Mar-98 762 Georgia May-06 662 Mississippi Apr-99 272 Pennsylvania Oct-13 334 Alabama Jan-95 770 Georgia Aug-95 769 Mississippi Mar-05 412 Pennsylvania Jan-47 659 Alabama Nov-19 912 Georgia Jan-54 314 Missouri Jan-47 445 Pennsylvania Mar-18 938 Alabama Jul-10 671 Guam Jul-97 417 Missouri Jan-50 484 Pennsylvania Jun-99 907 Alaska Jan-57 808 Hawaii Jan-57 573 Missouri Jan-96 570 Pennsylvania Dec-98 684 American Samoa Oct-04 208 Idaho Jan-47 636 Missouri May-99 610 Pennsylvania Jan-94 480 Arizona Mar-99 986 Idaho Sep-17 660 Missouri Oct-97 717 Pennsylvania Jan-47 520 Arizona Mar-95 217 Illinois Jan-47 816 Missouri Jan-47 724 Pennsylvania Feb-98 602 Arizona Jan-47 224 Illinois Jan-02 406 Montana Jan-47 814 Pennsylvania Jan-47 623 Arizona Mar-99 309 Illinois Jan-57 308 Nebraska Jan-55 878 Pennsylvania Aug-01 928 Arizona Jun-01 312 Illinois Jan-47 402 Nebraska Jan-47 787 Puerto Rico Mar-96 479 Arkansas Jan-02 331 Illinois Oct-07 531 Nebraska Mar-11 939 Puerto Rico Sep-01 501 Arkansas Jan-47 618 Illinois Jan-47 702 Nevada Jan-47 401 Rhode Island Jan-47 870 Arkansas Apr-97 630 Illinois Aug-96 725 Nevada Jun-14 803 South Carolina Jan-47 209 California Jan-58 708 Illinois Nov-89 775 Nevada Dec-98 839 South Carolina May-20 213 California Jan-47 773 Illinois Oct-96 603 New Hampshire Jan-47 843 South Carolina Mar-98 279 California Mar-18 779 Illinois Mar-07 201 New Jersey Jan-47 854 South Carolina Oct-15 310 California Nov-91 815 Illinois Jan-47 551 New Jersey Dec-01 864 South Carolina Dec-95 323 California Jun-98 847 Illinois Jan-96 609 New Jersey Jan-57 605 South Dakota Jan-47 341 California Jul-19 872 Illinois Nov-09 640 New Jersey Sep-18 423 Tennessee Sep-95 408 California Jan-59 219 Indiana Jan-47 732 New Jersey Jun-97 615 Tennessee Jan-54 415 California Jan-47 260 Indiana Jan-02 848 New Jersey Dec-01 629 Tennessee Mar-15 424 California Aug-06 317 Indiana Jan-47 856 New Jersey Jun-99 731 Tennessee Feb-01 442 California Nov-09 463 Indiana Nov-16 862 New Jersey Dec-01 865 Tennessee Nov-99 510 California Sep-91 574 Indiana Jan-02 908 New Jersey Nov-90 901 Tennessee Jan-47 530 California Nov-97 765 Indiana Feb-97 973 New Jersey Jun-97 931 Tennessee Sep-97 559 California Nov-98 812 Indiana Jan-47 505 New Mexico Jan-47 210 Texas Nov-92 562 California Jan-97 930 Indiana Mar-15 575 New Mexico Oct-07 214 Texas Jan-47 619 California Jan-82 319 Iowa Jan-47 212 New York Jan-47 254 Texas May-97 626 California Jun-97 515 Iowa Jan-47 315 New York Jan-47 281 Texas Nov-96 628 California Mar-15 563 Iowa Mar-01 332 New York Jun-17 325 Texas Apr-03 650 California Aug-97 641 Iowa Jul-00 347 New York Oct-99 346 Texas Jul-14 657 California Sep-08 712 Iowa Jan-47 516 New York Jan-51 361 Texas Feb-99 661 California Feb-99 316 Kansas Jan-47 518 New York Jan-47 409 Texas Nov-82 669 California Nov-12 620 Kansas Feb-01 585 New York Nov-01 430 Texas Feb-03 707 California Jan-59 785 Kansas Jul-97 607 New York Jan-54 432 Texas Apr-03 714 California Jan-51 913 Kansas Jan-47 631 New York Nov-99 469 Texas Jul-99 747 California May-09 270 Kentucky Apr-99 646 New York Jul-99 512 Texas Jan-47 760 California Mar-97 364 Kentucky Mar-14 680 New York Mar-17 682 Texas Oct-00 805 California Jan-57 502 Kentucky Jan-47 716 New York Jan-47 713 Texas Jan-47 818 California Jan-84 606 Kentucky Jan-55 718 New York Sep-84 726 Texas Oct-17 820 California Jun-18 859 Kentucky Apr-00 838 New York Sep-17 737 Texas Jul-13 831 California Jul-98 225 Louisiana Aug-98 845 New York Jun-00 806 Texas Jan-57 858 California Jun-99 318 Louisiana Jan-57 914 New York Jan-47 817 Texas Jan-53 909 California Nov-92 337 Louisiana Oct-99 917 New York Jan-92 830 Texas Jul-97 916 California Jan-47 504 Louisiana Jan-47 929 New York Apr-11 832 Texas Jan-99 925 California Mar-98 985 Louisiana Feb-01 934 New York Jul-16 903 Texas Nov-90 949 California Apr-98 207 Maine Jan-47 252 North Carolina Mar-98 915 Texas Jan-47 951 California Jul-04 240 Maryland Jun-97 336 North Carolina Dec-97 936 Texas Feb-00 303 Colorado Jan-47 301 Maryland Jan-47 704 North Carolina Jan-47 940 Texas May-97 719 Colorado Mar-88 410 Maryland Oct-91 743 North Carolina May-16 956 Texas Jul-97 720 Colorado Jun-98 443 Maryland Jun-97 828 North Carolina Mar-98 972 Texas Sep-96 970 Colorado Apr-95 667 Maryland Mar-12 910 North Carolina Nov-93 979 Texas Feb-00 203 Connecticut Jan-47 339 Massachusetts May-01 919 North Carolina Jan-54 385 Utah Mar-09 475 Connecticut Dec-09 351 Massachusetts May-01 980 North Carolina Apr-01 435 Utah Sep-97 860 Connecticut Aug-95 413 Massachusetts Jan-47 984 North Carolina Apr-12 801 Utah Jan-47 959 Connecticut Aug-14 508 Massachusetts Jul-88 701 North Dakota Jan-47 802 Vermont Jan-47 302 Delaware Jan-47 617 Massachusetts Jan-47 670 Northern Marianas Islands Jul-97 340 Virgin Islands Jun-97 202 District of Columbia Jan-47 774 Massachusetts May-01 216 Ohio Jan-47 276 Virginia Sep-01 239 Florida Mar-02 781 Massachusetts Sep-97 220 Ohio Apr-15 434 Virginia Jun-01 305 Florida Jan-47 857 Massachusetts May-01 234 Ohio Oct-00 540 Virginia Jul-95 321 Florida Nov-99 978 Massachusetts Sep-97 326 Ohio Mar-20 571 Virginia Mar-00 352 Florida Dec-95 231 Michigan Jun-99 330 Ohio Mar-96 703 Virginia Jan-47 386 Florida Feb-01 248 Michigan May-97 380 Ohio Feb-16 757 Virginia Jul-96 407 Florida Apr-88 269 Michigan Jul-02 419 Ohio Jan-47 804 Virginia Jun-73 561 Florida May-96 313 Michigan Jan-47 440 Ohio Aug-97 206 Washington Jan-47 689 Florida Jun-19 517 Michigan Jan-47 513 Ohio Jan-47 253 Washington Apr-97 727 Florida Jul-98 586 Michigan Sep-01 567 Ohio Jan-02 360 Washington Jan-95 754 Florida Aug-01 616 Michigan Jan-47 614 Ohio Jan-47 425 Washington Apr-97 772 Florida Feb-02 734 Michigan Dec-97 740 Ohio Dec-97 509 Washington Jan-57 786 Florida Mar-98 810 Michigan Dec-93 937 Ohio Sep-96 564 Washington Aug-17 813 Florida Jan-53 906 Michigan Mar-61 405 Oklahoma Jan-47 304 West Virginia Jan-47 850 Florida Jun-97 947 Michigan Sep-02 539 Oklahoma Apr-11 681 West Virginia Mar-09 863 Florida Sep-99 989 Michigan Apr-01 580 Oklahoma Nov-97 262 Wisconsin Sep-99 904 Florida Jul-65 218 Minnesota Jan-47 918 Oklahoma Jan-53 414 Wisconsin Jan-47 941 Florida May-95 320 Minnesota Mar-96 458 Oregon Feb-10 534 Wisconsin Aug-10 954 Florida Sep-95 507 Minnesota Jan-54 503 Oregon Jan-47 608 Wisconsin Jan-55 229 Georgia Aug-00 612 Minnesota Jan-47 541 Oregon Nov-95 715 Wisconsin Jan-47 404 Georgia Jan-47 651 Minnesota Jul-98 971 Oregon Oct-00 920 Wisconsin Jul-97 470 Georgia Feb-10 763 Minnesota Feb-00 215 Pennsylvania Jan-47 307 Wyoming Jan-47 478 Georgia Aug-00 952 Minnesota Feb-00 Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 41 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Table 30 Area Code Assignments (2006 - 2019) State / Jurisdiction Implementation Date Previous Code Added Code Georgia May 2006 706 762 California August 2006 310 424 Illinois March 2007 815 779 Illinois October 2007 630 331 New Mexico October 2007 505 575 California September 2008 714 657 West Virginia March 2009 304 681 Utah March 2009 801 385 California May 2009 818 747 Illinois November 2009 312 872 California November 2009 760 442 Connecticut December 2009 203 475 Oregon February 2010 541 458 Georgia February 2010 678 470 Alabama July 2010 256 938 Wisconsin August 2010 715 534 Nebraska March 2011 402 531 Oklahoma April 2011 918 539 New York April 2011 347 929 Maryland March 2012 443 667 North Carolina April 2012 919 984 California November 2012 408 669 Texas July 2013 512 737 Kentucky March 2014 270 364 Nevada June 2014 702 725 Texas July 2014 832 346 Connecticut August 2014 860 959 Indiana March 2015 812 930 California March 2015 415 628 Tennessee March 2015 615 629 Ohio April 2015 740 220 South Carolina October 2015 843 854 Ohio February 2016 614 380 North Carolina May 2016 336 743 New York July 2016 631 934 Indiana November 2016 317 463 New York March 2017 315 680 New York June 2017 212 332 Washington August 2017 360 564 Idaho September 2017 208 986 New York September 2017 518 838 Pennsylvania September 2017 717 223 Texas October 2017 210 726 Pennsylvania March 2018 267 445 California March 2018 916 279 California June 2018 805 820 New Jersey September 2018 609 640 Florida June 2019 407 689 California July 2019 510 341 Alabama November 2019 205 659 Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA), which can be accessed at www.nanpa.com. Planning letters can be found at www.nanpa.com/planning_letters/index.html. U.S. Federal Communications Commission 42 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States Customer Response Publication: Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States: Status as of December 31, 2019 You can help us provide the best possible information to the public by completing this form and returning it to the Industry Analysis Division of the FCC's Office of Economics and Analytics. 1. Please check the category that best describes you: ____ press ____ current telecommunications carrier ____ potential telecommunications carrier ____ business customer evaluating vendors/service options ____ consultant, law firm, lobbyist ____ academic/student ____ residential customer ____ FCC employee ____ other federal government employee ____ state or local government employee ____ other (please specify) 2. 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