Universal Service Monitoring Report CC Docket No. 96-45 WC Docket No. 02-6 WC Docket No. 02-60 WC Docket No. 06-122 WC Docket No. 10-90 WC Docket No. 11-42 WC Docket No. 13-184 WC Docket No. 14-58 2022 (Data Received Through September 2022) Prepared by Federal and State Staff for the Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service This report is available for reference in the FCC's Reference Information Center, 45 L Street, NE, Washington, DC 20554. Copies may be purchased by contacting Best Copy and Printing, Inc., 45 L Street, NE, Washington, DC 20554, telephone (800) 378-3160, or via their website at www.bcpiweb.com. The report can also be downloaded from the FCC’s Federal-State Joint Board Monitoring Reports website at http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/federal-state-joint-board-monitoring-reports. Table of Contents Introduction and Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 5 2022 Monitoring Report Supplementary Material .................................................................................................... 7 Section 1 – Revenues and Contributions ....................................................................................................................... 8 Section 2 – Lifeline (Low Income) .............................................................................................................................. 29 Section 3 – Connect America Fund (High Cost) Program ........................................................................................... 39 Section 4 – E-Rate (Schools and Libraries) ................................................................................................................. 48 Section 5 – Rural Health Care ...................................................................................................................................... 52 Section 6 – Subscribership (Voice and Internet).......................................................................................................... 55 Section 7 – Price Indices .............................................................................................................................................. 76 Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 2 2022 Monitoring Report Report Tables Table 1.1 – Filer Revenues by Service Type: 2012 – 2021 ...................................................................................... 9 Table 1.2 – Filer Revenues, Wholesale vs. Retail: 2012 – 2021 ............................................................................ 11 Table 1.3 – 2021 Filer Revenues by Service Type: Top 10 Affiliated Entities vs. Other Companies ................... 13 Table 1.4 – Telecommunications Revenue Reported on FCC Form 499-Q: 2020 – 2022 ..................................... 15 Table 1.5 – USF Contribution Base by Year: 2012 – 2021 .................................................................................... 17 Table 1.6 – Universal Service Fund Contribution Factor ....................................................................................... 18 Table 1.7 – Billed Interstate and International Retail Communications Revenues by Top 10 Affiliated Entities vs. Other Companies: 2012 – First Half 2022 ................................................................................................ 19 Table 1.8 – End User Telecommunications Revenue by State: 2020 ..................................................................... 20 Table 1.9 – Universal Service Support Mechanisms by State: 2021 ...................................................................... 21 Table 1.10 – Universal Service Disbursements 2001 – 2021 ................................................................................. 23 Table 1.11 – Universal Service Program Requirements and Contribution Factors for 2022 ................................. 24 Table 1.12 - Number of Telecommunications Service Providers by Size of Business ........................................... 26 Table 1.13 - Monthly Universal Service Contributions per Household.................................................................. 28 Table 2.1 - Lifeline Subscribers and Link Up Beneficiaries ................................................................................... 30 Table 2.2 – Low Income Claims ............................................................................................................................. 31 Table 2.3 – Low Income Claims by State: 2021 ..................................................................................................... 32 Table 2.4 - Low-Income Claims Received by ILECs and Competitive ETCs ....................................................... 33 Table 2.5 – Low-Income Claims by Program and by Affiliated Entities: 2021 ..................................................... 34 Table 2.6 – Total Monthly Lifeline Subscribers Since January 2018 ..................................................................... 35 Table 2.7 – Lifeline De-Enrollments or Scheduled De-Enrollments Recertification by State in 20211 ................. 36 Table 2.8 – Low-Income Subscribers by State in 2021 by Facilities Type of Carrier ............................................ 37 Table 2.9 – Lifeline Subscribers by Type of Service: 2021 .................................................................................... 38 Table 3.1 – High-Cost Support Fund Claim History .............................................................................................. 41 Table 3.2 – High-Cost Support Fund Claim History – Rate of Return ................................................................... 42 Table 3.3 – High-Cost Support Fund Claim History – Model Support .................................................................. 42 Table 3.4 – High-Cost Support Fund Claim History – Auction Support ................................................................ 43 Table 3.5 – High-Cost Support Fund Claims Alaska Support ................................................................................ 43 Table 3.6 – High-Cost Support Fund Claims -Frozen Support ............................................................................... 44 Table 3.7 – High-Cost Support Fund Claims – States 2021 ................................................................................... 45 Table 3.8 – Annual High-Cost Fund Support Claims - Affiliates: 2019 - 2021 ..................................................... 46 Table 3.9 – High-Cost Support Fund Claims - Affiliates: 2021 ............................................................................. 47 Table 4.1 – Schools and Libraries Funding Commitments and Disbursements by Applicant Type and Year ....... 49 Table 4.2 – Schools and Libraries Funding Commitments and Disbursements from Program Inception through June 30, 2022 by State and Applicant Type ............................................................................................. 51 Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 3 2022 Monitoring Report Table 5.1 – Rural Health Care Funding Commitments and Disbursements by Program and Year ........................ 53 Table 5.2 – Rural Health Care Funding Commitments and Disbursements from Program Inception ................... 54 Table 6.1 – Household Voice Subscribership in the United States, 1983 – 2022................................................... 57 Table 6.2 – Household Voice Penetration by Income, 1997 – 2022....................................................................... 58 Table 6.3 – Nominal Dollar Equivalents by Year ................................................................................................... 59 Table 6.4 – Historical Voice Penetration Estimates................................................................................................ 60 Table 6.5 – Voice Penetration by Selected Demographic Characteristics .............................................................. 61 Table 6.6 – Voice Subscribership by State, 2015 – 2021 ....................................................................................... 62 Table 6.7 – Voice Penetration by State, Selected Years ......................................................................................... 63 Table 6.8 – Household Voice Penetration by State and Income, 2021 ................................................................... 64 Table 6.9 – Internet Use by Selected Characteristics, 2021 .................................................................................... 65 Table 6.10 – High-Speed Internet Penetration for Households by State, 2016 – 2021 .......................................... 66 Table 6.11 – Residential Fixed Connections per Household by Speed Tier as of December 31, 2021.................. 67 Table 6.12 – Telephone Service, Internet Access, Telephone Expenses, and Internet Expenses in Low-Income Households ............................................................................................................................................... 69 Table 6.13 – Voice Lines and Consumer-Only Broadband Subscribers at Year-End for Rate-of-Return Carriers .................................................................................................................................................................. 70 Table 6.14 – Fixed Connections for Incumbent Rate-of-Return Carriers ............................................................... 71 Table 6.15 – Fixed Deployments for Incumbent Rate-of-Return Carriers ............................................................. 72 Table 6.16 – Overview of Broadband Obligations and Deployment by High-Cost Support Mechanism as of December 31, 2021 ................................................................................................................................... 73 Table 6.17 – High Cost Supported Broadband Deployment by State as of March 31, 2022 ................................. 74 Table 7.1 – Long-Term Changes for Various Price Indices ................................................................................... 77 Table 7.2 – Annual Changes in CPI Telephone Services and all Items Indices ..................................................... 78 Table 7.3 – Monthly Consumer Price Indices ......................................................................................................... 79 Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 4 2022 Monitoring Report Universal Service Monitoring Report 2022 Introduction and Summary The purpose of the Monitoring Report is to observe the impacts of universal service support mechanisms and the method used to finance them.1 Initiated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 1997, this is the twenty-fifth such report, prepared by federal and state staff members for the Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service (Universal Service Joint Board).2 Unless otherwise noted, this report is based on information available as of September 2022. The Monitoring Report incorporates data from several sources, including the National Exchange Carrier Association (NECA) and the Universal Service Administrative Company (USAC). USAC collects information from both contributors to, and beneficiaries of, the Universal Service Fund, including incumbent local exchange carriers (ILECs), competitive eligible telecommunications carriers (competitive ETCs), schools, libraries, and health care providers. NECA, at the direction of the Commission, provides information to USAC used to administer certain aspects of the high-cost program. Section 1 of the report provides an update on industry revenues, universal service program funding requirements, and contribution factors. Sections 2 through 5 provide the latest data on the low-income, high- cost, schools and libraries, and rural health care support mechanisms. Section 6 presents recent Census and Bureau of Labor Statistics data on voice telephony subscribership and expenses taken from the Current Population Survey, the American Community Survey and the Consumer Expenditure Survey as well as data on telephone subscribership by income by state. It also includes data on residential Internet subscribership and expenses. Section 7 includes updated Consumer Price Index data. This report is available on the FCC’s Federal-State Joint Board Monitoring Reports website, located at http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/federal-state-joint-board-monitoring-reports. The tables in this report are also available separately as spreadsheets on the website. The Monitoring Report is published once a year, but data received in advance of the next Monitoring Report will be made available on an interim basis in separate staff reports or in raw data files (such as most NECA filings used in the Monitoring Report) on the Industry Analysis Division’s Data and Statistical Reports Internet site, located at https://www.fcc.gov/economics-analytics/industry-analysis-division/iad-data-statistical-reports. Supplementary material is available in a single compressed (.zip) format file at http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/federal-state-joint-board-monitoring-reports. The contents of this file are provided at the end of this introduction. 1 In 1997, the Commission adopted rules to implement section 254 largely based on the recommendations of the Universal Service Joint Board and delegated to the Common Carrier Bureau (the predecessor to the Wireline Competition Bureau), in consultation with the state staff, the creation of a new monitoring program to replace a similar program in CC Docket No. 87-339 that previously resulted in a series of nineteen Monitoring Reports. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service, CC Docket No. 96-45, Report and Order, 12 FCC Rcd 8776, 9218, para. 869 (1997) (Universal Service First Report and Order). See 47 C.F.R. § 54.702(i). 2 The last report was released in January 2021. Universal Service Monitoring Report, 2020, CC Docket No. 96-45 et al. (Data Received Through September 2020) available at https://www.fcc.gov/general/federal-state-joint-board- monitoring-reports. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 5 2022 Monitoring Report We continue to look for ways to present universal service data in a way that is useful for the public. In 2021, we added Table 1.12 to Section 1 which breaks out the number of providers by type and size. This year, we have made changes to Table 6.13 to now depict voice lines and consumer only broadband subscribers among rate-of-return carriers. Additionally, Tables 6.14 and 6.15 have been expanded to include trends in deployment and subscription among rate-of-return carriers for speeds of 100/20 Mbps. We invite questions or comments on this report via email to the Office of Economics and Analytics (OEA) at OEA-IADreports@fcc.gov with the subject line: 2022 Monitoring Report. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 6 2022 Monitoring Report 2022 Monitoring Report Supplementary Material This list shows the folders (underlined) and filenames contained in the 2022 Monitoring Report Supplementary Material zip file available at http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/federal-state-joint-board- monitoring-reports. Revenues and Contributions S.1.1. Detailed Telecommunications Revenue - 2021 S.1.2, Revenue Details - Historical S.1.3. Estimating End-User Revenue by State—2020 Tables S.1.4. Estimating End-User Revenue by State—2020 Technical Appendix Low Income S.2.1. LI Support - by State S.2.2. LI Support - by Study Area S.2.3. LI Subscribers and Beneficiaries - by State S.2.4. ETCs Receiving Lifeline Support - 2021 S.2.5. Lifeline Subscribers by Service Type, State and Technology High Cost Claims S.3.1. HC Claims - by State S.3.2. HC Claims - by Study Area S.3.3. HC RoR Claims per Line - by Study Area S.3.4. HC Support Study Areas – 2021 S.3.5 HC Reductions due to Cap on Per-Line Support - by Study Area Disbursements S.3.6. HC Disbursements - by State S.3.7. HC Disbursements - by Study Area S.3.8. HC Performance Default Penalty Schools and Libraries S.4.1. SL Funds - by Service Type, State, and Funding Year S.4.2. SL Cumulative Funds - by Service Type and State S.4.3. SL Disbursements - by Service Provider Type S.4.4. SL Funds per Student - by State S.4.5. SL Funds - by Applicant Type, State, and Funding Year Rural Health Care S.5.1. RHC Funds - by State, Program, and Year S.5.2. RHC Disbursements - by Speed, Year, and State S.5.3. RHC Disbursements - by Speed, Year, and HCP Type S.5.4. RHC Disbursements per Person - by State S.5.5. RHC Funds - by HCP Type, Program, and Year Subscribership and Minutes of Use S.6.1. Broadband Subscribership by County, Congressional District & State S.6.2. ILEC Interstate Switched Access Minutes of Use - by Study Area S.6.3. ILEC Interstate Switched Access Minutes of Use - by Tier S.6.4. ILEC Interstate Switched Access Minutes of Use - by State S.6.5. High-Cost Supported Broadband Deployment by SAC and Year S.6.6. High-Cost Supported Broadband Obligation & Deployment by SAC S.6.7. Fine Detail Obligation and Deployment for AK Plan Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 7 2022 Monitoring Report Section 1 – Revenues and Contributions In response to the Telecommunications Act of 1996, the Commission established universal service mechanisms to help ensure that all Americans have access to affordable telecommunications service. Congress mandated that these programs be supported by contributions from every telecommunications carrier that provides interstate telecommunications, and other providers of telecommunications services if the Commission finds contributions from such providers to be in the public interest. The tables in this section provide an overview of the revenues of the U.S. telecommunications industry and the associated contributions to the universal service support mechanisms. The tables are based on information filed with the Commission in FCC Forms 499-A and 499-Q. To the extent that certain telecommunications industry revenues are not subject to contributions, such revenues may not be fully captured in these tables. Additional revenue collection information support universal service can be found on the Commission’s website at http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/contribution-methodology-administrative- filings and on USAC’s website at http://www.usac.org. Please note that that the information provided in this report is based upon Commission rules in effect in 2021. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 8 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.1 – Filer Revenues by Service Type: 2012 – 2021 (in Millions of Dollars) 1 The sum of Lines 303.1a, 303.2a, 404.1a, 404.2a, and 404.3a from Form 499-A. 2 The sum of Lines 306a and 407a from Form 499-A. 3 The sum of Lines 305.1a, 305.2a, and 406a from Form 499-A. 4 The sum of Lines 404.4a and 404.5a from Form 499-A. 5 The sum of Lines 307a and 408a from Form 499-A. 6 Line 308a from Form 499-A. 7 Line 405a from Form 499-A. As of 2012, includes Access Recovery Charge (ARC). 8 The sum of Lines 304.1a and 304.2a from Form 499-A. 9 The sum of Lines 309a, 409a, and 410a from Form 499-A. 10 The sum of Lines 310a, 411a, 412a, and 413a from Form 499-A. 11 Line 414.2a from Form 499-A. 12 The sum of Lines 311a and 414.1a from Form 499-A. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 9 2022 Monitoring Report 13 The sum of Lines 312a and 415a from Form 499-A. 14 The sum of Lines 313a, 314a, 416a, and 417a from Form 499-A. 15 Line 403a from Form 499-A. The surcharge figure indicates only surcharges that have been explicitly reported as such in Form 499-A and does not account for implicit surcharge revenues where carriers collect the surcharge through higher prices. 16 Subtotal includes surcharge. 17 Line 418a from Form 499-A. Note: Table entries may not sum to Totals due to rounding. Source: FCC Form 499-A for 2021 based on filings as of October 14, 2022. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 10 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.2 – Filer Revenues, Wholesale vs. Retail: 2012 – 2021 (in Millions of Dollars) 1 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Local Service 3,4 $39,843 $39,101 $37,983 $38,976 $36,180 $35,501 $32,701 $31,224 $26,122 $24,783 Mobile Service 5 5,570 5,384 5,339 5,025 4,601 3,463 3,403 3,564 4,588 5,327 Wholesale Toll Service 6 11,722 10,911 10,485 9,955 9,714 8,519 7,775 6,899 6,642 6,152 (Carrier's Carrier) Telecommunications Total Wholesale Revenues $57,135 $55,396 $53,807 $53,955 $50,496 $47,484 $43,879 $41,687 $37,352 $36,261 7 Revenues 2 Intrastate 18,895 17,236 16,174 15,775 13,749 13,095 11,737 11,481 11,443 12,556 Interstate and International 8,9 38,240 38,160 37,633 38,180 36,747 34,389 32,142 30,206 25,909 23,705 Percentage Interstate/International 67 % 69 % 70 % 71 % 73 % 72 % 73 % 72 % 69 % 65 % Local Service 3,10 $55,612 $54,004 $52,986 $51,519 $50,982 $48,071 $44,347 $41,740 $39,454 $37,064 Mobile Service 11 99,577 92,776 81,657 70,238 61,035 53,489 49,487 36,067 28,790 23,362 12 34,438 31,927 30,966 29,723 26,628 25,556 24,110 22,506 19,333 16,999 Retail Toll Service (End User) Universal Service Surcharges 13 9,964 8,986 9,083 9,041 9,135 8,319 8,438 8,447 8,059 9,126 Telecommunications Total Retail Revenues $199,590 $187,693 $174,692 $160,522 $147,780 $135,435 $126,383 $108,760 $95,637 $86,551 Revenues Intrastate 14 129,468 119,294 107,847 96,592 87,598 79,702 73,284 61,296 52,400 47,113 Interstate and International 1,8, 15 70,122 68,399 66,846 63,930 60,181 55,733 53,098 47,464 43,236 39,438 Percentage Interstate/International 35 % 36 % 38 % 40 % 41 % 41 % 42 % 44 % 45 % 46 % Local Service 3 $95,455 $93,105 $90,969 $90,495 $87,162 $83,572 $77,048 $72,964 $65,576 $61,847 Mobile Service 105,147 98,160 86,996 75,262 65,636 56,952 52,890 39,631 33,379 28,688 Toll Service 46,159 42,837 41,450 39,678 36,342 34,075 31,885 29,405 25,975 23,151 Total Telecommunications Universal Service Surcharges 13 9,964 8,986 9,083 9,041 9,135 8,319 8,438 8,447 8,059 9,126 Revenues (Wholesale + Retail) Total Telecommunications Revenues $256,725 $243,088 $228,499 $214,477 $198,276 $182,918 $170,262 $150,447 $132,989 $122,812 Intrastate 148,363 136,530 124,021 112,367 101,347 92,797 85,022 72,777 63,843 59,669 Interstate and International 8 108,362 106,559 104,479 102,110 96,929 90,121 85,240 77,670 69,146 63,143 Percentage Interstate/International 42 % 44 % 46 % 48 % 49 % 49 % 50 % 52 % 52 % 51 % Total Non-Telecommunications Revenues $219,548 $251,892 $268,804 $301,121 $311,404 $321,597 $337,212 $361,245 $379,509 $422,670 Total Reported Revenues $476,272 $494,981 $497,303 $515,598 $509,679 $504,516 $507,474 $511,692 $512,497 $545,482 1 Data include revenues for de minimis filers, as well as for other carriers that are exempt from universal service contribution requirements. 2 Wholesale revenues are reported on the FCC Form 499-A as sales to other universal service contributors for resale. This includes, for example, access services that local exchange carriers provide to toll carriers. Sales to de minimis resellers, end-user customers, government-only providers, international-only providers, and any other non-contributors are treated as end-user revenues. Filers contribute to the universal service funding mechanisms based on their end-user interstate and international revenues. See Table 1.5 for further details on the USF (Universal Service Fund) contribution base. 3 Payphone revenues and interconnected Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) revenues are included with local service revenues in this table. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 11 2022 Monitoring Report 4 The sum of Lines 303a to 308a from Form 499-A. 5 Line 309a from Form 499-A. 6 The sum of Lines 310a to 314a from Form 499-A. 7 The sum of Lines 303a to 314a, minus the sum of Lines 303d to 314d, minus the sum of Lines 303e to 314e from Form 499-A. 8 Revenues from calls that both originate and terminate in foreign points are reported as end-user revenues and are included in this table, but are not included in the universal service contribution base. This line best represents the USF contribution base, which is further described in Table 1.5. 9 The sum of Lines 303d to 314d, plus the sum of Lines 303e to 314e from Form 499-A. 10 The sum of Lines 404a to 408a from Form 499-A. 11 The sum of Lines 409a and 410a from Form 499-A. 12 The sum of Lines 411a to 417a from Form 499-A. 13 Line 403a from Form 499-A. Surcharges are contribution amounts passed through to end users. 14 The sum of Lines 403a to 417a, minus the sum of Lines 403d to 417d, minus the sum of Lines 403e to 417e from Form 499-A. 15 This line best represents the USF contribution base, which is further described in Table 1.5. Amounts are calculated using the sum of Lines 403d to 417d, plus the sum of Lines 403e to 417e from Form 499-A. This is different from billed interstate and international end user revenue, which does not include international-to-international revenues and uncollected revenues. Note: Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. Source: FCC Form 499-A for 2021 based on filings as of October 14, 2022. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 12 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.3 – 2021 Filer Revenues by Service Type: Top 10 Affiliated Entities vs. Other Companies (in Millions of Dollars) Top 10 Affiliated Other Total Entities1 Companies Local Exchange 2 $ 11,510 $ 3,485 $ 14,995 Pay Telephone 3 1 309 311 Local Private Line 4 14,798 4,821 19,619 5 Local Service VoIP 9,501 4,221 13,722 and Other Local 6 711 406 1,117 Payphone Revenues Federal and State USF Support 7 2,608 4,742 7,349 Subscriber Line Charges 8 2,114 826 2,940 Access 9 913 881 1,793 Total Local Service and Payphone Revenues 42,155 19,691 61,847 Mobile Revenues Total Mobile Service Revenues 10 25,267 3,421 28,688 Operator 11 49 1,432 1,481 VoIP 12 1,534 839 2,373 Non-Operator Switched Toll 13 4,522 3,226 7,749 Toll Service Revenues Long Distance Private Line 14 7,783 1,927 9,709 Other Long Distance 15 446 1,392 1,838 Total Toll Service Revenues 14,334 8,817 23,151 Total Local, Mobile, and Toll Revenues 81,756 31,929 113,685 Universal Service Surcharges 16 7,402 1,725 9,126 Total Telecommunications Revenues 17 89,158 33,654 122,812 Total Non-Telecommunications Revenues 18 300,774 121,896 422,670 Total Reported Revenues $ 389,932 $ 155,550 $ 545,482 1 The "Top 10 Affiliated Entities" are those with the greatest telecommunications revenues as defined by the sum of Lines 315a and 420a on Form 499-A. These companies are (in alphabetical order): AT&T Inc., Charter Communications, Comcast Corporation, Cox Communications, Inc., Frontier Communications Corporation, Lumen Technologies, Inc., T-Mobile USA, Inc., Telephone and Data Systems, Inc., Verizon Communications Inc., Windstream Holdings, Inc.. The affiliated entity structure is current as of year-end 2021. 2 The sum of Lines 303.1a, 303.2a, 404.1a, 404.2a, and 404.3a from Form 499-A. 3 The sum of Lines 306a and 407a from Form 499-A. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 13 2022 Monitoring Report 4 The sum of Lines 305.1a, 305.2a, and 406a from Form 499-A. 5 The sum of Lines 404.4a and 404.5a from Form 499-A. 6 The sum of Lines 307a and 408a from Form 499-A. 7 Line 308a from Form 499-A. 8 Line 405a from Form 499-A. As of 2012, includes Access Recovery Charge (ARC). 9 The sum of Lines 304.1a and 304.2a from Form 499-A. 10 The sum of Lines 309a, 409a, and 410a from Form 499-A. 11 The sum of Lines 310a, 411a, 412a, and 413a from Form 499-A. 12 Line 414.2a from Form 499-A. 13 The sum of Lines 311a and 414.1a from Form 499-A. 14 The sum of Lines 312a and 415a from Form 499-A. 15 The sum of Lines 313a, 314a, 416a, and 417a from Form 499-A. 16 Amounts are calculated using Line 403a from Form 499-A. The surcharge figure indicates only surcharges that have been explicitly reported as such in the Form 499-A and does not account for implicit surcharge revenues where carriers collect the surcharge through higher prices. 17 Subtotal includes surcharge. 18 Line 418a from Form 499-A. Note: Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. Source: FCC Form 499-A based on filings as of October 14, 2022. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 14 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.4 – Telecommunications Revenue Reported on FCC Form 499-Q: 2020 – 2022 (in Millions of Dollars) LIRE Total Data from FCC Form 499-Q All Filers Exemption1 Less LIRE Retail (End User) Billed 44,700 Projected Revenues for 2020 Interstate and International Retail Net of Uncollectibles 44,363 (1,581) 42,781 Implied Uncollectible Rate 0.8 % Wholesale (Carrier's Carrier) Billed 36,342 Intrastate, Interstate, Retail (End User) Billed 95,986 Historical Revenues and International Reported for 2020 Total Revenue 132,328 Interstate and International Retail (End User) Billed 42,987 Retail (End User) Billed 6 42,234 Projected Revenues for 2021 Interstate and International Retail Net of Uncollectibles 7,8 41,943 (1,460) 40,482 Implied Uncollectible Rate 0.7 % Wholesale (Carrier's Carrier) Billed 9 36,054 Intrastate, Interstate, 10 88,683 Historical Revenues and International Retail (End User) Billed Reported for 2021 Total Revenue 124,737 Interstate and International Retail (End User) Billed 11 40,675 Retail (End User) Billed 6 36,452 Projected Revenues for 2022 Interstate and International Retail Net of Uncollectibles 7,8 36,134 (1,173) 34,960 Implied Uncollectible Rate 0.9 % Wholesale (Carrier's Carrier) Billed 9 17,430 Intrastate, Interstate, 10 40,568 Historical Revenues and International Retail (End User) Billed Reported for First Half of 2022 Total Revenue 57,998 Interstate and International 11 17,787 Retail (End User) Billed 1 A provider receives the Limited International Revenue Exemption (LIRE) and its international revenues are excluded from the contribution base if the total amount of interstate end-user revenues for the filing entity, consolidated with all affiliates, is less than 12% of the total of interstate and international end-user revenues for the filing entity consolidated with all affiliates. Affiliated filer entities who do not pass the 12% rule, but whose USF obligation exceeds its interstate revenue, may be considered for the LIRE exemption on a case-by-case basis. See 47 C.F.R. § 54.706(c). In addition, filers that provide only international services are exempt regardless of services offered by affiliates. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 15 2022 Monitoring Report 2 Projected intrastate revenues are not reported on FCC Form 499-Q. 3 Prior to 2014, this line was referred to as "Billed to End Users." 4 Prior to 2014, this line was referred to as "Collected from End Users." 5 Prior to 2014, this line was referred to as "Billed to Resellers." 6 Projected revenues billed to end users are calculated using the sum of Lines 119b and 119c from Form 499-Q. 7 Projected revenues collected from end users are calculated using the sum of Lines 120b and 120c from Form 499-Q. 8 Projected LIRE exempt revenues are calculated using the sum of Lines 120b and 120c in the Form 499Q filings from those filers who are LIRE-exempt. 9 Historical revenues billed to wholesaler is calculated using Line 115a from Form 499-Q. 10 Historical revenues billed to retail is calculated using Line 116a from Form 499-Q. 11 Interstate and international historical revenues billed to end users is calculated using the sum of Lines 116b and 116c from Form 499-Q. Note: Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. Source: FCC Form 499-Q as of October 14, 2022. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 16 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.5 – USF Contribution Base by Year: 2012 – 2021 (in Millions of Dollars) 1 Revenues Subject to USF Contribution 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Billed interstate and international retail (end-user) revenues (includes Universal Service Surcharge) 2 $70,122 $68,399 $66,846 $63,930 $60,181 $55,733 $53,098 $47,464 $43,236 $39,438 less revenues for international-to-international services 3 638 589 579 361 174 150 198 215 134 135 international revenues of international-only filers and international revenues that were excluded less because of the LIRE Exemption4 2,934 2,994 2,828 2,790 2,084 2,007 1,623 1,652 1,388 1,193 interstate and other international revenues for filers who are de minimis or otherwise exempt less from universal service support requirements 21 23 26 26 26 27 28 27 26 28 less uncollectible contribution base revenues 5 711 611 530 470 427 355 330 314 267 158 equals $65,816 $64,182 $62,884 $60,282 $57,471 $53,193 $50,919 $45,255 $41,421 $37,923 1 This table shows the contribution base for the USF, but the actual amounts used for determining contributions may differ due to the following factors: (1) Adjustments are made by the Administrator to account for additional and corrected filings received; (2) Exempt amounts were based on revenues and the filer type (i.e., principal business activity) information contained in the FCC Form 499-A filings; (3) The Administrator may use carrier type, revenue type, Line 603 exemption certifications, and additional information requested from filers to determine which filers are required to contribute; (4) The Administrator bills delinquent filers based on estimated revenues and may, in some instances, include estimated revenue amounts in contribution base amounts; (5) The universal service contribution factors are set quarterly based on FCC Form 499-Q filings; and (6) FCC Form 499-A data are used for true-up and auditing purposes. As a result of these factors, actual contribution bases have been based on different amounts than those shown. 2 Amounts are calculated using the sum of Lines 403 to 417, parts d and e, on Form 499-A. 3 Amounts are calculated using line 412e on Form 499-A. 4 A provider receives the Limited International Revenue Exemption (LIRE) and its international revenues are excluded from the contribution base if the total amount of interstate end-user revenues for the filing entity consolidated with all affiliates is less than 12% of the total of interstate and international end-user revenues for the filing entity consolidated with all affiliates. Affiliated filer entities who do not pass the 12% rule, but whose USF obligation exceeds its interstate revenue may request to be considered for the LIRE exemption on a case-by-case basis. See 47 C.F.R. § 54.706(c). In addition, filers that provide only international services are exempt regardless of services offered by affiliates. 5 Does not include uncollectible amounts associated with filers who are de minimis or LIRE exempt. Amounts are calculated using the sum of Lines 422d and 422e on Form 499-A. Amounts are calculated using the sum of Lines 422, parts d and e of Form 499-A. Note: Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. Source: FCC Form 499-Q based on filings as of October 14, 2022. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 17 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.6 – Universal Service Fund Contribution Factor Year Quarter Contribution Factor 2013 First Quarter 16.1 Second Quarter 15.5 Third Quarter 15.1 Fourth Quarter 15.6 2014 First Quarter 16.4 Second Quarter 16.6 Third Quarter 15.7 Fourth Quarter 16.1 2015 First Quarter 16.8 Second Quarter 17.4 Third Quarter 17.1 Fourth Quarter 16.7 2016 First Quarter 18.2 Second Quarter 17.9 Third Quarter 17.9 Fourth Quarter 17.4 2017 First Quarter 16.7 Second Quarter 17.4 Third Quarter 17.1 Fourth Quarter 18.8 2018 First Quarter 19.5 Second Quarter 18.4 Third Quarter 17.9 Fourth Quarter 20.1 2019 First Quarter 20.0 Second Quarter 18.8 Third Quarter 24.4 Fourth Quarter 25.0 2020 First Quarter 21.2 Second Quarter 19.6 Third Quarter 26.5 Fourth Quarter 27.1 2021 First Quarter 31.8 Second Quarter 33.4 Third Quarter 31.8 Fourth Quarter 29.1 2022 First Quarter 25.2 Second Quarter 23.8 Third Quarter 33.0 Fourth Quarter 28.9 Note: Carriers contribute based on projected, collected, end-user interstate and international telecommunications revenues. Source: Quarterly Public Notices on universal service contribution factors are in CC Docket 96-45. See http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/contribution- factor-quarterly-filings-universal-service-fund-usf-management-support Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 18 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.7 – Billed Interstate and International Retail Communications Revenues by Top 10 Affiliated Entities vs. Other Companies: 2012 – First Half 2022 (in Millions of Dollars) 1 Top 10 Affiliated Entities 2 Other Companies Total Top 10 Share 2012 $53,671 $15,813 $69,483 77 % 2013 52,779 15,031 67,810 78 2014 52,739 13,528 66,267 80 2015 50,083 13,485 63,568 79 2016 47,638 12,369 60,008 79 2017 44,897 10,686 55,582 81 2018 42,405 10,495 52,900 80 2019 36,900 10,349 47,249 78 2020 33,382 9,721 43,102 77 2021 30,244 9,059 39,303 77 3 First Half 2022 13,781 4,006 17,787 77 1 Revenues are calculated as the sum of Lines 403d to 417d (interstate end user revenue) and 403e to 417e (international end user revenue) minus Lines 412e from Form 499-A. 2 The "Top 10 Affiliated Entities" are those with the greatest telecommunications revenues as defined by the sum of Lines 315a and 420a on Form 499-A. These companies, for 2021, are (in alphabetical order): AT&T Inc., Charter Communications, Comcast Corporation, Cox Communications, Inc., Frontier Communications Corporation, Lumen Technologies, Inc., T-Mobile USA, Inc., Telephone and Data Systems, Inc., Verizon Communications Inc. and Windstream Holdings, Inc. 3 Preliminary revenues are calculated using Line 116b plus Line 116c for each quarter in FCC Form 499-Q. Note: Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. Source: Data for 2021 are based on FCC Form 499-A filings as of October 14, 2021. Data for 2022 are based on FCC Form 499-Q filings as of October 14, 2022. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 19 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.8 – End User Telecommunications Revenue by State: 2020 (in Millions of Dollars) Interstate and % Interstate and Intrastate Total % Intrastate % Total International International Alabama $672 $520 $1,191 1.28 % 1.20 % 1.25 % Alaska 105 107 212 0.20 0.25 0.22 American Samoa 6 4 9 0.01 0.01 0.01 Arizona 972 864 1,836 1.85 2.00 1.92 Arkansas 435 348 784 0.83 0.81 0.82 California 6,495 5,192 11,687 12.40 12.01 12.22 Colorado 923 854 1,777 1.76 1.98 1.86 Connecticut 660 576 1,236 1.26 1.33 1.29 Delaware 176 172 347 0.34 0.40 0.36 District of Columbia 300 283 583 0.57 0.65 0.61 Florida 2,950 2,450 5,400 5.63 5.67 5.65 Georgia 1,631 1,229 2,861 3.11 2.84 2.99 Guam 29 22 51 0.06 0.05 0.05 Hawaii 224 182 406 0.43 0.42 0.42 Idaho 237 223 460 0.45 0.52 0.48 Illinois 2,034 1,748 3,782 3.88 4.04 3.95 Indiana 926 800 1,726 1.77 1.85 1.80 Iowa 557 424 982 1.06 0.98 1.03 Kansas 428 340 768 0.82 0.79 0.80 Kentucky 689 500 1,189 1.31 1.16 1.24 Louisiana 659 473 1,132 1.26 1.09 1.18 Maine 267 190 457 0.51 0.44 0.48 Maryland 1,065 1,020 2,085 2.03 2.36 2.18 Massachusetts 1,316 1,077 2,393 2.51 2.49 2.50 Michigan 1,397 1,148 2,545 2.67 2.65 2.66 Minnesota 997 850 1,848 1.90 1.97 1.93 Mississippi 364 268 631 0.69 0.62 0.66 Missouri 906 786 1,691 1.73 1.82 1.77 Montana 174 149 324 0.33 0.35 0.34 Nebraska 322 145 467 0.62 0.34 0.49 Nevada 429 316 745 0.82 0.73 0.78 New Hampshire 308 287 595 0.59 0.66 0.62 New Jersey 1,650 905 2,555 3.15 2.09 2.67 New Mexico 432 847 1,279 0.82 1.96 1.34 New York 3,362 1,699 5,061 6.42 3.93 5.29 North Carolina 1,764 1,983 3,746 3.37 4.59 3.92 North Dakota 243 586 829 0.46 1.36 0.87 N. Mariana Islands 19 66 84 0.04 0.15 0.09 Ohio 1,801 1,476 3,277 3.44 3.41 3.43 Oklahoma 525 409 934 1.00 0.95 0.98 Oregon 626 543 1,169 1.19 1.26 1.22 Pennsylvania 2,251 1,878 4,129 4.30 4.34 4.32 Puerto Rico 456 411 867 0.87 0.95 0.91 Rhode Island 178 135 313 0.34 0.31 0.33 South Carolina 755 589 1,343 1.44 1.36 1.40 South Dakota 155 120 275 0.30 0.28 0.29 Tennessee 1,014 764 1,778 1.94 1.77 1.86 Texas 3,975 3,219 7,194 7.59 7.45 7.52 Utah 438 384 821 0.84 0.89 0.86 Vermont 140 124 264 0.27 0.29 0.28 Virgin Islands 17 18 35 0.03 0.04 0.04 Virginia 1,485 1,330 2,816 2.83 3.08 2.94 Washington 1,174 1,024 2,198 2.24 2.37 2.30 West Virginia 306 299 606 0.58 0.69 0.63 Wisconsin 889 788 1,678 1.70 1.82 1.75 Wyoming 94 90 184 0.18 0.21 0.19 Total $52,400 $43,236 $95,637 100.00 % 100.00 % 100.00 % Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding. Source: OEA staff estimates. For methodology end-user revenue per state, see Supplemental Table S.1.4 Estimating End User Revenues Technical Appendix at http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/federal-state-joint- board-monitoring-reports. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 20 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.9 – Universal Service Support Mechanisms by State: 2021 (Annual Payments and Contributions in Thousands of Dollars) Payments from USF to Providers Estimated Contributions 2 Estimated Net Dollar High-Cost Support Total Low-Income Support Schools & Libraries Rural Health Care Flow 3 1 Amount % of Total Amount % of Total Alabama $95,373 $6,395 $24,927 $3,258 $129,953 1.52 % $105,834 1.20 % $24,119 Alaska 168,131 9,965 136,943 283,121 598,160 6.99 21,793 0.25 576,367 American Samoa 3,415 134 1,119 0 4,668 0.05 722 0.01 3,946 Arizona 79,213 27,130 99,173 13,934 219,450 2.57 175,996 2.00 43,454 Arkansas 124,016 6,862 19,707 10,929 161,514 1.89 70,953 0.81 90,561 California 163,543 135,396 238,738 15,784 553,461 6.47 1,057,678 12.01 -504,217 Colorado 63,602 5,617 23,332 9,483 102,034 1.19 174,003 1.98 -71,968 Connecticut 435 5,528 17,794 1,211 24,968 0.29 117,392 1.33 -92,424 Delaware 265 993 5,940 0 7,198 0.08 34,969 0.40 -27,771 District of Columbia 0 1,451 7,607 0 9,058 0.11 57,645 0.65 -48,587 Florida 39,811 28,704 80,959 7,195 156,670 1.83 499,054 5.67 -342,384 Georgia 128,614 22,762 53,915 6,915 212,206 2.48 250,416 2.84 -38,210 Guam 12,091 37 577 107 12,811 0.15 4,539 0.05 8,272 Hawaii 6,240 812 9,925 16 16,994 0.20 37,134 0.42 -20,140 Idaho 57,046 1,067 11,584 2,733 72,431 0.85 45,370 0.52 27,060 Illinois 137,158 17,038 86,747 9,271 250,213 2.92 356,040 4.04 -105,827 Indiana 133,623 12,010 45,113 4,938 195,683 2.29 162,984 1.85 32,699 Iowa 226,821 4,480 15,975 3,902 251,179 2.94 86,401 0.98 164,779 Kansas 177,946 3,239 20,286 5,014 206,486 2.41 69,288 0.79 137,198 Kentucky 153,641 13,604 38,257 4,939 210,441 2.46 101,822 1.16 108,619 Louisiana 86,273 16,629 36,526 4,549 143,977 1.68 96,315 1.09 47,661 Maine 35,702 1,706 4,613 7,311 49,333 0.58 38,683 0.44 10,649 Maryland 2,902 11,244 28,049 453 42,649 0.50 207,780 2.36 -165,131 Massachusetts 2,435 8,095 29,636 1,801 41,966 0.49 219,316 2.49 -177,350 Michigan 126,050 20,045 43,691 11,321 201,107 2.35 233,792 2.65 -32,685 Minnesota 247,614 6,529 25,040 3,263 282,447 3.30 173,236 1.97 109,211 Mississippi 168,548 6,204 19,111 6,679 200,542 2.34 54,492 0.62 146,050 Missouri 215,368 8,461 25,572 16,573 265,974 3.11 160,010 1.82 105,964 Montana 142,852 482 5,106 911 149,351 1.75 30,428 0.35 118,923 Nebraska 123,424 466 9,768 3,562 137,220 1.60 29,546 0.34 107,675 Nevada 22,132 6,828 9,467 538 38,964 0.46 64,428 0.73 -25,464 New Hampshire 11,354 602 3,880 227 16,063 0.19 58,375 0.66 -42,312 New Jersey 1,164 9,376 49,191 0 59,730 0.70 184,414 2.09 -124,684 New Mexico 88,126 14,991 30,945 3,976 138,039 1.61 172,629 1.96 -34,590 New York 59,023 41,476 127,817 5,639 233,955 2.73 346,159 3.93 -112,204 North Carolina 85,202 11,452 62,243 15,095 173,992 2.03 403,876 4.59 -229,884 North Dakota 182,690 1,022 3,887 878 188,476 2.20 119,372 1.36 69,105 N. Mariana Islands 3,209 256 164 0 3,629 0.04 13,356 0.15 -9,727 Ohio 83,594 29,263 66,452 9,247 188,555 2.20 300,608 3.41 -112,053 Oklahoma 166,043 52,801 40,777 4,286 263,907 3.08 83,274 0.95 180,633 Oregon 88,558 4,118 16,376 4,073 113,125 1.32 110,640 1.26 2,485 Pennsylvania 55,013 26,222 55,861 4,740 141,836 1.66 382,484 4.34 -240,648 Puerto Rico 114,213 51,207 22,161 14 187,596 2.19 83,679 0.95 103,917 Rhode Island 63 1,788 4,955 0 6,805 0.08 27,513 0.31 -20,707 South Carolina 125,574 9,013 36,186 5,482 176,254 2.06 119,923 1.36 56,332 South Dakota 126,465 1,262 7,131 3,825 138,684 1.62 24,403 0.28 114,281 Tennessee 108,456 9,633 66,328 5,865 190,283 2.22 155,664 1.77 34,618 Texas 297,964 29,076 222,392 16,277 565,709 6.61 655,756 7.45 -90,047 Utah 43,872 2,507 19,594 2,665 68,637 0.80 78,131 0.89 -9,494 Vermont 23,563 738 4,023 318 28,641 0.33 25,301 0.29 3,340 Virgin Islands 19,573 119 1,903 23 21,619 0.25 3,627 0.04 17,991 Virginia 77,328 8,581 39,302 8,087 133,297 1.56 271,017 3.08 -137,719 Washington 89,837 12,465 32,574 9,330 144,205 1.69 208,646 2.37 -64,441 West Virginia 60,347 5,295 18,541 5,558 89,741 1.05 60,952 0.69 28,788 Wisconsin 232,185 10,552 34,668 10,960 288,365 3.37 160,572 1.82 127,793 Wyoming 40,685 42 3,545 324 44,596 0.52 18,353 0.21 26,243 Total $5,128,384 $723,769 $2,146,093 $556,600 $8,554,847 100.00 % $8,806,783 100.00 % -$251,936 Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 21 2022 Monitoring Report 1 High-cost support excludes withheld from Mobility Fund and includes recovered forfeited funds for CAF-Phase I Support. 2 Contributions include administrative cost of approximately $252 million, as shown in the USAC Annual Report. Allocation of contributions among states is an OEA staff estimate. See the Technical Appendix at http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/federal-state-joint-board-monitoring-reports. 3 Net dollar flow is positive when payments from USF to carriers exceed contributions to USF. Total is negative because of administrative expenses. Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 22 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.10 – Universal Service Disbursements 2001 – 2021 (in Millions of Dollars) High-Cost Low-Income Schools and Year Rural Health Care Total Support Support Libraries 2001 $2,602 $584 $8 $1,464 $4,659 2002 2,978 673 16 1,683 5,350 2003 3,273 713 3 1,644 5,633 2004 3,488 759 1 1,076 5,324 2005 3,824 809 26 1,862 6,520 2006 4,096 820 41 1,669 6,626 2007 4,287 823 37 1,808 6,955 2008 4,478 819 49 1,760 7,106 2009 4,292 1,025 72 1,878 7,268 2010 4,268 1,316 110 2,282 7,976 2011 4,031 1,751 141 2,233 8,156 2012 4,147 2,189 155 2,218 8,710 2013 4,165 1,798 159 2,204 8,326 2014 3,733 1,660 193 2,269 7,855 2015 4,499 1,514 279 2,080 8,372 2016 4,491 1,537 298 2,387 8,712 2017 4,683 1,287 262 2,650 8,882 2018 4,836 1,162 299 2,185 8,482 2019 5,147 982 252 1,969 8,349 2020 5,063 854 298 2,060 8,274 2021 5,128 724 557 2,146 8,554 Notes: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding. The figures used in this table are for the calendar year and include disbursements that were committed over several years but paid out in the respective calendar year. In Sections 4 and 5, figures for the Schools and Libraries program and the Rural Health Care program are reported based on fiscal year rather than calendar year. High-cost support excludes penalties for Mobility Fund and includes recovered forfeited funds for CAF-Phase I Support. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 23 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.11 – Universal Service Program Requirements and Contribution Factors for 2022 (in Millions of Dollars) First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter Full Year High Cost High Cost Loop Support $92.24 $86.42 $86.36 $85.80 $350.82 Broadband Loop Support $232.57 $232.76 $252.36 $284.41 $1,002.10 CAF - Phase I Frozen Support 1 $10.95 $10.76 $9.29 $7.88 $38.88 Frozen Competitive ETC Support 2 $91.89 $91.89 $91.89 $91.89 $367.56 CAF - Intercarrier Compensation Support $92.07 $92.07 $92.08 $92.08 $368.30 CAF - Phase II Auction $38.70 $38.70 $38.70 $38.70 $154.80 CAF - Phase II Cost Model $4.92 $4.92 $4.92 $4.92 $19.68 Alternative Connect America Cost Model I & II $234.44 $234.44 $234.77 $234.77 $938.42 Alaska Plan Support $32.08 $32.08 $32.08 $32.08 $128.32 Uniendo a Puerto Rico/Connect USVI $26.86 $26.86 $26.86 $26.86 $107.44 Rural Digital Opportunity Fund $137.28 $148.72 $168.61 $201.35 $655.96 Prior Period Adjustment $35.22 -$134.73 -$62.54 -$33.62 -$195.67 USAC Administrative Costs $15.30 $15.25 $17.13 $17.94 $65.62 Program Total $1,044.52 $880.14 $992.51 $1,085.06 $4,002.23 Low Income Lifeline Assistance $206.06 $277.70 $287.08 $290.03 $1,060.87 Link-Up $0.04 $0.06 $0.05 $0.04 $0.19 Prior Period Adjustment -$83.77 -$72.98 -$34.03 -$107.73 -$298.51 USAC Administrative Costs $15.18 $15.69 $16.12 $29.09 $76.08 Program Total $137.51 $220.47 $269.22 $211.43 $838.63 Rural Health Rural Health Care Support $0.00 $0.00 $131.60 $0.00 $131.60 Prior Period Adjustment $11.72 -$7.62 -$0.18 $0.11 $4.03 USAC Administrative Costs 3 $0.00 $0.00 $27.83 $0.00 $27.83 Program Total $11.72 -$7.62 $159.25 $0.11 $163.46 Connected Care Pilot Program Connected Care Pilot Program4 $8.33 $8.33 $8.33 $8.33 $33.32 Prior Period Adjustment $0.71 -$0.59 -$0.10 -$0.09 -$0.07 USAC Administratice Costs $0.17 $0.07 $0.11 $0.12 $0.47 Program Total $9.21 $7.81 $8.34 $8.36 $33.72 Schools & Libraries Schools and Libraries Support $573.39 $573.39 $593.30 $593.30 $2,333.37 Prior Period Adjustment $45.58 -$29.43 -$7.27 -$5.92 $2.96 USAC Administrative Costs $18.98 $19.26 $20.96 $21.69 $80.89 Program Total $637.95 $563.22 $606.99 $609.07 $2,417.22 Grand Total $1,840.91 $1,664.02 $2,036.31 $1,914.03 $7,455.26 Applicable interstate and international end-user revenues Reported contribution base revenues $9,235.85 $8,751.40 $8,285.06 $8,624.08 Circulatory Adjustment Amount carriers will contribute to USF in this quarter -$1,840.91 -$1,664.02 -$2,036.31 -$1,914.03 Subtotal $7,394.94 $7,087.38 $6,248.75 $6,710.06 Adjustment factor for uncollectibles 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% Adjusted contribution base $7,320.99 $7,016.51 $6,186.26 $6,642.95 Contribution factor 25.2% 23.8% 33.0% 28.9% Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 24 2022 Monitoring Report 1 In the USF/ICC Transformation Order, the Commission converted support received by price cap carriers and their rate-of-return affiliates, including interstate access support (IAS), high-cost model support (HCMS), interstate common line support (ICLS), local switching support (LSS), and high-cost loop support (HCLS), to CAF Phase I Frozen Support. Connect America Fund et al., WC Docket No. 10-90 et al., Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 26 FCC Rcd 17663, paras. 128-157 (2011) (USF/ICC Transformation Order), aff’d sub nom, In re: FCC 11-161, 753 F.3d 1015 (10th Cir. 2014). 2 In the USF/ICC Transformation Order, the Commission froze support received by competitive ETCs, including IAS, HCMS, ICLS, LSS, and HCLS at 2011 levels, effective January 1, 2012, and began phasing the frozen support down effective July 1, 2012. USF/ICC Transformation Order, paras. 498-532. 3 Rural Health Care administrative costs for 2021 were $5.94 million in Q1, $7.82 million in Q2, $7.28 million in Q3 and $6.79 million in Q4. All administrative costs are aggregated and reported under Q3, the only quarter where projected Rural Health Care support was greater than $0. 4 “To secure the funds for the Pilot Program, we direct USAC to separately collect funds for the Pilot Program each quarter beginning with the demand filing for the fourth quarter of 2020,” Promoting Telehealth for Low- Income Consumers, COVID-19 Telehealth Program, WC Docket Nos. 18-213 and 20-89, Report and Order, FCC 20-44, para. 42 (2020). Note: Revised 2/21/2023 Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 25 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.12 - Number of Telecommunications Service Providers by Size of Business (As of December 31, 2021) Table 1.12 Number of Telecommunications Service Providers by Size of Business (As of December 31, 2021) Number of FCC Form Filers that in Combination with Affiliates Have Type of Provider 1 1,500 or Fewer 499-A Filers More than 1,500 Employees 2 Employees 2 Incumbent LEC (ILEC) 1,212 916 296 CAP / CLEC 659 570 89 Cable / Coax CLEC 69 63 6 Interconnected VoIP 2,128 2,092 36 Non-Interconnected VoIP 164 162 2 Shared-Tenant Service Provider 14 14 0 Audio Bridge Service Provider 66 66 0 Local Reseller 207 202 5 Other Local 71 61 10 Total Local Competitors 3,378 3,230 148 Total Fixed Local Service Providers 4,590 4,146 444 Payphone Service Provider 36 32 4 Private Service Provider 185 165 20 Cellular / PCS / SMR 236 160 76 Paging & Messaging 76 76 0 SMR (dispatch) 95 95 0 Wireless Data 171 166 5 Other Mobile 16 14 2 Total Wireless Service Providers 594 511 83 Interexchange Carrier 127 109 18 Operator Service Provider 20 20 0 Prepaid Card 62 61 1 Satellite 3 65 42 23 Toll Reseller 457 438 19 Other Toll 90 87 3 Total Toll Service Providers 821 757 64 All Filers 6,226 5,611 615 Holding Company Analysis Filers without Affiliates: Holding Company Level 4,092 4,071 21 Filer Level 4,092 4,071 21 Filers with Affiliates 4 Holding Company Level 584 549 35 Filer Level 2,134 1,540 594 Total, Holding Company level 4,676 4,620 56 Total, Filer Level 6,226 5,611 615 Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 26 2022 Monitoring Report Note: Estimates are based on gross revenue data filed on the 2020 FCC Form 499-A worksheets and public employment data from FCC Form 395 and Securities and Exchange Commission filings. Filers were considered affiliated based on information from their FCC Form 499-A filings. These estimates do not reflect affiliates that do not file the FCC Form 499-A, such as firms that are not in the telecommunications business or firms that operate solely outside the United States. 1 While FCC Form 499-A filings are not publicly available, filer registration information is searchable only at https://apps.fcc.gov/cgb/form499/499a.cfm. 2 Employee counts are estimated at the holding company level, yet presented at the filer level. If our analysis indicates that, at the holding company level, a group of filers together employs more than 1,500 people, then each of the individual filer that comprise the holding company are entered in the column labeled as such. Therefore, our estimates do not imply that each or any of the individual filers alone employs more than 1,500 persons. 3 Satellite holding companies are defined as large if they have total revenue more than $35 million, in accordance with the Small Business Association guidelines. 4 In some cases, affiliated companies may file a single FCC Form 499A for all operations. Such consolidated filings are included in this category. Source: FCC Form 499-A filings and OEA staff estimates. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 27 2022 Monitoring Report Table 1.13 - Monthly Universal Service Contributions per Household (Inflation Adjusted 2022 Dollars) Total Contributions Residential Contributions High- Low- Rural Schools Per-Household Per-Household Cost Income Health and Total Low Estimate High Estimate Support Support Care Libraries 2011 $4.15 $1.55 $0.09 $2.17 $7.95 $3.58 $4.37 2012 $4.07 $2.16 $0.11 $2.16 $8.50 $3.83 $4.68 2013 $3.87 $1.39 $0.15 $2.01 $7.42 $3.34 $4.08 2014 $3.78 $1.40 $0.20 $1.99 $7.37 $3.32 $4.05 2015 $3.71 $1.22 $0.22 $1.99 $7.15 $3.22 $3.93 2016 $3.67 $1.26 $0.30 $1.84 $7.07 $3.18 $3.89 2017 $3.57 $1.02 $0.24 $1.42 $6.26 $2.82 $3.44 2021 $3.58 $0.71 $0.45 $1.67 $6.41 $2.24 $2.88 2022 $2.53 $0.53 $0.12 $1.53 $4.71 $1.65 $2.12 Notes: Figures do not represent the average amount individual households see on their bills because universal service contribution data do not separate business from residential contributions. The Commission does not currently collect data that would allow the residential amount to be calculated accurately. FCC staff, using data from FCC Forms 477 and 499 and Access filings with the FCC estimates residential share of interstate and international end user revenues. From 2011 to 2017, FCC staff believe that the residential portion of the total contribution is between 45% (low estimate) and 55% (high estimate). In 2021 and 2022, FCC staff believe that the residential portion of the total contribution is between 35% (low estimate) and 45% (high estimate). Connected care pilot is included in Rural Health Care. Source: Universal service contributions in 2011 from Table 1.10 of the 2011 Monitoring Report,2012 from Table 1.9 of the 2012 Monitoring Report,2013 from Table 1.9 of the 2013 Monitoring Report, and for 2014 - 2017, Table 1.11 of the Monitoring Report for the respective year. Inflation adjusted using CPI values reported for July of each year in Table 7.3. Household data as reported in Table 6.1 were used to calculate per household amount. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 28 2022 Monitoring Report Section 2 – Lifeline (Low Income) Since 1985, the Universal Service Lifeline program has provided a discount on phone service for qualifying low-income consumers to ensure that all Americans have the opportunities and security that phone service brings, including being able to connect to jobs, family and emergency services. Recently, the Commission has made ensuring the availability of broadband service for low-income Americans a goal of the Lifeline program. In 2016, the Commission adopted an order to comprehensively reform the Lifeline program. Among other things, the Commission began providing Lifeline support for qualifying broadband service in the Lifeline program, set out minimum service standards for Lifeline-supported services, and directed USAC to establish the Lifeline National Eligibility Verifier (National Verifier) to make independent subscriber eligibility determinations. As of December 2020, the National Verifier has fully launched in all states and territories. The Lifeline program is available to eligible low-income consumers in every state, territory, commonwealth, and on Tribal lands. It provides up to $9.25 of support to qualifying consumers on non- Tribal lands and an additional benefit of up to $25 for qualifying consumers living on Tribal lands. The Link Up program offsets the cost-of-service activation to qualifying low-income households. Since 2013, Link Up has been available only on Tribal lands and offers qualifying consumers up to $100 to offset the costs of establishing a connection to their home. Consumers with the necessary proof of eligibility may be qualified to enroll. To participate in the Lifeline or Link Up program, consumers must have an income that is at or below 135% of the Federal Poverty Guidelines or participate in a qualifying assistance program. The Lifeline and Link Up programs are administered by USAC. Additional information about the Lifeline program can be found on the Commission’s website at http://www.fcc.gov/lifeline and on USAC’s website at https://www.usac.org/lifeline/. Please note that the information provided in this report for Lifeline is based upon the program rules through November 2021. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 29 2022 Monitoring Report Table 2.1 - Lifeline Subscribers and Link Up Beneficiaries (in Thousands) 1 Subscriber data were not collected in 1997. Lifeline subscribership data were estimated by the USAC. Link Up data were not estimated. Notes: The Lifeline subscribers and Link Up beneficiaries represent USAC data for the time period January through December, including true-ups reported through December 2022. Data for 2015-2020 were revised because carriers can revise their filings. When carriers revise their line counts up, they receive more support and when carriers revise their line counts down, they receive less support. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 30 2022 Monitoring Report Table 2.2 – Low Income Claims (in Thousands of Dollars) 1 Effective in 1998, the federal Lifeline support mechanism was expanded so that a basic level of assistance would be provided in all states. Further, the basic level of federal support was increased in 1998. 2 Tribal Lifeline subscribers also receive General support which is currently up to $9.25 per subscriber for qualifying broadband service or up to $5.25 per subscriber for qualifying voice service. This amount is not included in Additional Tribal support. 3 TLS is an abbreviation for toll limitation service. 4 Carriers no longer charge a residential Presubscribed Interexchange Carrier Charge (PICC) as of July 1, 2000. Notes: Data for 2015-2020 were updated to account for true-ups. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 31 2022 Monitoring Report Table 2.3 – Low Income Claims by State: 2021 (in Thousands of Dollars) Notes: These dollars represent submitted claims to the USAC for the time period January 2021 through December 2021, including true-ups reported through December 2022. Lifeline subscribers residing on Tribal lands also receive the basic support amount, which is currently $9.25 per subscriber for qualifying broadband service or $5.25 per subscriber for qualifying voice service. This amount is not included in Tribal support. For Link Up, the payments and subscribers for the two categories of recipients are kept separate. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 32 2022 Monitoring Report Table 2.4 - Low-Income Claims Received by ILECs and Competitive ETCs (in Thousands of Dollars) Notes: Competitive Eligible Telecommunications Carriers (ETC) include both wireless and wireline carriers. Data for 2015-2020 were updated to account for true-ups. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 33 2022 Monitoring Report Table 2.5 – Low-Income Claims by Program and by Affiliated Entities: 2021 (in Thousands of Dollars) 1 Affiliated entities include all commonly-controlled or commonly owned affiliates as of year-end 2021. 2 In 2021, T-Mobile USA, Inc. owned Sprint and Virgin Mobile USA. 3 Verizon Communications Inc. purchased TracFone Wireless in November 2021, Verizon claims in this table include TracFone support prior to the acquisition. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 34 2022 Monitoring Report Table 2.6 – Total Monthly Lifeline Subscribers Since January 2018 Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 35 2022 Monitoring Report Table 2.7 – Lifeline De-Enrollments or Scheduled De-Enrollments Recertification by State in 20211 (in Thousands) As a result of ETC As a result of attempt by State Administrator, ETC State Total recertification attempt2 Access to Eligibility Data, or USAC3 Alabama 0 0 0 Alaska 0 0 0 American Samoa 0 0 0 Arizona 0 0 0 Arkansas 0 0 0 California 0 0 0 Colorado 0 0 0 Connecticut 0 0 0 Delaware 0 0 0 District of Columbia 0 0 0 Florida 0 0 0 Georgia 0 0 0 Guam 0 0 0 Hawaii 0 0 0 Idaho 0 0 0 Illinois 0 0 0 Indiana 0 0 0 Iowa 0 0 0 Kansas 0 0 0 Kentucky 0 0 0 Louisiana 0 0 0 Maine 0 0 0 Maryland 0 0 0 Massachusetts 0 0 0 Michigan 0 0 0 Minnesota 0 0 0 Mississippi 0 0 0 Missouri 0 0 0 Montana 0 0 0 Nebraska 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 New Hampshire 0 0 0 New Jersey 0 0 0 New Mexico 0 0 0 New York 0 0 0 North Carolina 0 0 0 North Dakota 0 0 0 Northern Mariana Islands 0 0 0 Ohio 0 0 0 Oklahoma 0 0 0 Oregon 0 0 0 Pennsylvania 0 0 0 Puerto Rico 0 0 0 Rhode Island 0 0 0 South Carolina 0 0 0 South Dakota 0 0 0 Tennessee 0 0 0 Texas 0 0 0 Utah 0 0 0 Vermont 0 0 0 Virgin Islands 0 0 0 Virginia 0 0 0 Washington 0 0 0 West Virginia 0 0 0 Wisconsin 0 0 0 Wyoming 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 1 Lifeline recertification and reverification requirements were temporarily waived beginning in March of 2020 due to the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic. WC Docket No. 11-42, Order, FCC 20-285 (2020). The waiver continued for non-Tribal subscribers through June 30, 2022. The waiver continues for Tribal subscribers with a current expiration of January 31, 2023. 2 Section G of the 2020 FCC Form 555. 3 Section K of the 2020 FCC Form 555. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 36 2022 Monitoring Report Table 2.8 – Low-Income Subscribers by State in 2021 by Facilities Type of Carrier (in Thousands) Non-facilities based carriers have submitted a compliance plan and have been approved to be a non-facilities- based Lifeline provider by the FCC. Other carriers are assumed to be facilities-based. Notes: # indicates subscriber counts greater than 0 and less than 500. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 37 2022 Monitoring Report Table 2.9 – Lifeline Subscribers by Type of Service: 2021 1 # Indicates > 0 subscribers and less than 500 2 Voice: Subscriber is provided a service that meets only the voice minimum service standards (mobile voice service with at least 1,000 minutes per month, or fixed voice service with any number of minutes) 3 Broadband Only: Subscriber is provided a service that meets only the broadband minimum service standards (3G speed and 4.5GB usage allowance for wireless providers; 25/3 Mbps speed and 1,024 GB usage allowance for wireline providers.) 4 Bundle: Subscriber is provided a service that meets both the voice and broadband minimum service standards. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 38 2022 Monitoring Report Source: USAC. Section 3 – Connect America Fund (High Cost) Program Federal universal service High-Cost Support is designed to ensure that consumers in rural, insular, and high-cost areas have access to modern communications networks capable of providing voice and broadband service, both fixed and mobile, at rates that are reasonably comparable to those in urban areas. The program fulfills this universal service goal by allowing eligible carriers who serve these areas to recover some of their costs from the federal USF. In 2011, the Commission adopted the USF/ICC Transformation Order, which comprehensively reformed and modernized the high-cost program to support networks capable of providing both voice and broadband services.3 Among other actions taken in the USF/ICC Transformation Order, the Commission adopted a framework, known as the Connect America Fund (CAF).4 For price-cap areas—those areas of the United States and its territories historically served by larger ILECs—there are several CAF programs: CAF Phase I (completed); CAF Phase II (model-based support, completed), CAF Intercarrier Compensation (CAF ICC), the Rural Broadband Experiments, frozen support for Alaska price cap carriers, Bringing Puerto Rico Together Fund and the Connect USVI Fund, the CAF Phase II auction, and the Rural Digital Opportunity Fund (RDOF). For rate-of-return areas—typically the more rural parts of the United States—the Commission established two paths for providers to receive high-cost support for building, supporting and maintaining voice and broadband networks — 1: model-based support as determined by the Alternative Connect America Cost Model (A-CAM); or 2: legacy cost-based mechanisms as reformed to allow support for standalone broadband connections—Connect America Fund Broadband Loop Support (CAF BLS).5 In 2016, the Commission also established the Alaska Plan to fund voice and broadband services for rate-of- return carriers serving Alaska, due to the unique challenges of providing service in Alaska.6 3 USF/ICC Transformation Order. 4 See Connect America Fund (CAF) https://www.fcc.gov/general/connect-america-fund-caf. 5 See Connect America Fund; ETC Annual Reports and Certifications; Establishing Just and Reasonable Rates for Local Exchange Carriers; Developing a Unified Intercarrier Compensation Regime; WC Docket Nos. 10-90, 14-58, and 07-135, CC Docket No. 01-92; Report and Order, Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, and Order on Reconsideration, FCC 18-176 (rel. Dec. 12, 2018). 6 Connect America Fund et al., Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 31 FCC Rcd 10139, 10142, para. 6 (2016) (Alaska Plan Order). Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 39 2022 Monitoring Report As in the 2021 Report, all support dollar values in these tables reflect claims7 as opposed to disbursements.8 These claims are subject to true-ups. True-ups are reflected in the relevant support year, not in the year made. Data on changes in local exchange carriers and High-Cost ILEC support data by study area are available at http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/neca-usac-data-0. Please note that the information provided in this report is based upon the program rules through June 30, 2022. 7 A “claim” is the distribution of funds in support of a specified time period. These funds were distributed in that period and possibly a later time period. The disbursements in later time periods are the result of true-ups to resolve differences between initial payments and disbursements necessitated by revisions to supporting data made at that later date. Claims are positive values with the possible exceptions of CAF ICC support and Connect America Cost Model (CACM) support. CAF ICC claims can be negative when a study area’s actual access recovery charge revenues in the prior two years substantially exceed the forecasted amount. Some CACM initial claims were negative as a result of true-ups when Frozen High Cost support exceeded CACM support. 8 A “disbursement” is the distribution of funds in a specified time period. These funds were distributed in support of high-cost mechanisms in that period and possibly in support of earlier time periods. The disbursements in support of earlier time periods are the result of true-ups to resolve differences between initial payments and disbursements necessitated by revisions to supporting data. It is possible for disbursements to be negative, thus requiring the recipient to return dollars to the high-cost fund. Some negative disbursements are penalties (see the file “HC Penalties” in the Supplementary Material). Penalties are not included in claims. Because carriers chose A-CAM II in the middle of 2019 but then received A-CAM II support for the whole calendar year, these carriers’ disbursement data for the first part of the year shows legacy support payments (i.e., HCLS, BLS and SVS), which were then offset against their A-CAM payments for the same portion of the year in their August A-CAM prior period adjustments. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 40 2022 Monitoring Report Table 3.1 – High-Cost Support Fund Claim History (in Millions of Dollars) 1 Legacy Support includes High-Cost Loop Support and Broadband Loop Support. 2 Model Support includes Alternative Connect America Model, Alternative Connect America Model II, and Connect America Cost Model Phase II. 3 Auction Support includes Rural Broadband Experiments, Mobility Phase I Supports, CAF II Auction, PR/USVI Fund, and RDOF. 4 Alaska Support includes CETC Alaska Plan, ILEC Alaska Plan, and Remote Alaska Support. 5 Frozen Support includes CETC Frozen High-Cost Support and ILEC Frozen High-Cost Support. Notes: Details may not appear to add up to totals due to rounding. Data for 2015 - 2021 were updated to account for true-ups. Source: USAC filings to the FCC with prior-period adjustments through July 2022. * OEA staff estimate. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 41 2022 Monitoring Report Table 3.2 – High-Cost Support Fund Claim History – Rate of Return (in Millions of Dollars) High-Cost Broadband Total Year Loop Support1 Loop Support2 Support 2015 $741 $941 $1,682 2016 708 968 1,676 2017 564 806 1,370 2018 581 853 1,433 2019 413 724 1,137 2020 387 761 1,148 2021 370 855 1,225 2022* 344 970 1,314 1 High-Cost Loop Support includes Safety-Net Additive Support and Safety Valve Support. 2 Interstate Common Line Support was expanded to include standalone broadband in January 2017 and became CAF BLS. Notes: Details may not appear to add up to totals due to rounding. Data for 2015 - 2021 were updated to account for true-ups. Source: USAC filings to the FCC with prior-period adjustments through July 2022. * OEA staff estimate. Table 3.3 – High-Cost Support Fund Claim History – Model Support (in Millions of Dollars) Alternative Alternative Connect Connect Connect America Total Year America America Cost Model Support Model Model II Phase II 2015 $0 $0 $1,159 $1,159 2016 0 0 1,648 1,648 2017 591 0 1,590 2,181 2018 584 0 1,544 2,128 2019 643 522 1,518 2,683 2020 637 515 1,518 2,670 2021 632 512 1,517 2,660 2022* 626 507 20 1,153 Notes: Details may not appear to add up to totals due to rounding. Data for 2015 - 2021 were updated to account for true-ups. Source: USAC filings to the FCC with prior-period adjustments through July 2022. * OEA staff estimate. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 42 2022 Monitoring Report Table 3.4 – High-Cost Support Fund Claim History – Auction Support (in Millions of Dollars) Rural Mobility CAF II PR / USVI Total Year Broadband Phase 1 RDOF2 Auction Fund1 Support Experiments Support 2015 $8 $16 $0 $0 $0 $24 2016 3 85 0 0 0 88 2017 3 31 0 0 0 34 2018 3 3 0 0 0 6 2019 3 7 68 0 0 78 2020 3 8 152 56 0 219 2021 3 0 154 99 27 283 2022* 2 0 151 97 474 723 1 This column includes the Bringing Together Puerto Rico Fund and the Connect USVI Fund. 2 RDOF is the Rural Digital Opportunity Fund. Notes: Details may not appear to add up to totals due to rounding. Data for 2015-2021 were updated to account for true-ups. Source: USAC filings to the FCC with prior-period adjustments through July 2022. * OEA staff estimate. Table 3.5 – High-Cost Support Fund Claims Alaska Support (in Millions of Dollars) Remote CETC Alaska ILEC Alaska Total Year Alaska Plan Plan Support Support 2015 $0 $0 $78 $78 2016 0 0 78 78 2017 74 54 0 128 2018 74 54 0 128 2019 74 54 0 128 2020 74 54 0 128 2021 74 54 0 128 2022* 74 54 0 128 Notes: Details may not appear to add up to totals due to rounding. Data for 2015- 2021 were updated to account for true-ups. Source: USAC filings to the FCC with prior-period adjustments through July 2022. * OEA staff estimate. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 43 2022 Monitoring Report Table 3.6 – High-Cost Support Fund Claims -Frozen Support (in Millions of Dollars) CETC Frozen ILEC Frozen Total Year High-Cost High-Cost Support Support1 Support1 2015 $513 $641 $1,155 2016 508 162 670 2017 537 173 710 2018 526 170 696 2019 471 122 593 2020 415 81 496 2021 370 56 425 2022* 366 26 393 1 2017 Hurricane support for Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands is included in Frozen High-Cost Support. Notes: Details may not appear to add up to totals due to rounding. Data for 2015-2021 were updated to account for true-ups. Source: USAC filings to the FCC with prior-period adjustments through July 2022. * OEA staff estimate. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 44 2022 Monitoring Report Table 3.7 – High-Cost Support Fund Claims – States 2021 (in Millions of Dollars) Intercarrier RoR Legacy Model Auction Alaska Frozen State Compensation Total Support Support Support Support Support Support Support Alabama $20,917 $56,888 $2,976 $0 $4,892 $9,557 $95,231 Alaska 0 28,438 0 128,314 0 11,379 168,130 American Samoa 0 1,447 0 0 1,619 337 3,404 Arizona 17,947 47,915 3,152 0 5,266 5,727 80,006 Arkansas 26,201 79,141 7,768 0 2,951 7,641 123,703 California 39,492 104,194 14,968 0 4 4,246 162,904 Colorado 2,616 51,099 1,741 0 5,886 2,426 63,767 Connecticut 0 435 0 0 0 0 435 Delaware 0 0 134 0 136 0 270 Florida 2,471 29,769 1,878 0 293 5,511 39,923 Georgia 39,788 70,768 2,266 0 241 12,947 126,011 Guam 6,486 0 0 0 5,096 234 11,817 Hawaii 0 4,424 1,816 0 0 0 6,240 Idaho 18,120 28,364 1,494 0 3,161 5,829 56,968 Illinois 30,119 77,288 10,516 0 8,002 10,100 136,025 Indiana 65,672 54,883 3,111 0 6 7,635 131,308 Iowa 45,392 130,528 6,007 0 26,261 17,849 226,037 Kansas 74,287 65,373 4,716 0 20,417 9,437 174,231 Kentucky 68,772 56,973 877 0 8,582 16,740 151,945 Louisiana 13,130 42,222 2,306 0 24,127 2,022 83,807 Maine 3,695 21,466 564 0 6,661 3,318 35,704 Maryland 611 0 1,030 0 1,124 347 3,112 Massachusetts 0 106 1,210 0 477 616 2,410 Michigan 15,813 91,224 7,531 0 4,408 6,791 125,766 Minnesota 15,858 208,916 5,379 0 0 17,564 247,716 Mississippi 1,906 69,762 4,542 0 87,153 5,218 168,581 Missouri 23,420 141,419 26,844 0 10,015 12,865 214,563 Montana 58,621 71,483 1,347 0 4,043 7,562 143,055 Nebraska 22,001 76,983 4,394 0 10,439 9,911 123,728 Nevada 6,801 8,175 2,935 0 1,243 2,588 21,743 New Hampshire 1,695 6,592 54 0 131 2,863 11,336 New Jersey 152 450 162 0 0 399 1,164 New Mexico 49,422 28,265 2,753 0 2,940 5,527 88,907 New York 6,912 35,251 6,826 0 1,473 8,909 59,370 North Carolina 46,039 25,150 82 0 1,789 11,353 84,413 North Dakota 72,346 70,621 1,253 0 24,750 12,739 181,709 Northern Mariana Islands 0 2,627 0 0 581 0 3,209 Ohio 8,235 66,764 1,322 0 0 7,278 83,599 Oklahoma 43,886 68,931 11,420 0 25,809 15,395 165,441 Oregon 27,349 39,720 1,199 0 11,290 8,627 88,185 Pennsylvania 5,771 34,161 5,677 0 2,987 6,219 54,815 Puerto Rico 0 0 92,214 0 22,000 0 114,213 Rhode Island 0 0 48 0 16 0 64 South Carolina 81,034 25,524 23 0 1,579 15,337 123,497 South Dakota 21,108 89,983 745 0 1,093 13,585 126,514 Tennessee 46,844 47,575 1,596 0 549 9,560 106,124 Texas 93,488 174,932 8,564 0 7,101 13,737 297,821 Utah 9,536 28,465 653 0 88 5,350 44,092 Vermont 7,519 10,448 0 0 0 5,316 23,283 Virgin Islands 0 0 6,393 0 13,179 0 19,573 Virginia 5,972 29,603 11,980 0 15,262 16,205 79,021 Washington 20,617 40,732 1,994 0 17,154 6,928 87,424 West Virginia 0 48,519 2,480 0 7,356 1,906 60,261 Wisconsin 51,821 144,147 534 0 18,825 14,873 230,200 Wyoming 4,687 22,352 3,131 0 6,942 3,671 40,784 United States $1,224,574 $2,660,494 $282,604 $128,314 $425,399 $382,174 $5,103,559 Notes: Details may not appear to add up to totals due to rounding. See Table 3.1 for notes on which high-cost support mechanisms are included in Legacy Support, Model Support, Auction Support, Alaska Support, and Frozen Support. Source: USAC filings to the FCC with prior-period adjustments through July 2022. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 45 2022 Monitoring Report Table 3.8 – Annual High-Cost Fund Support Claims - Affiliates: 2019 - 2021 (in Millions of Dollars) Rank Affiliate's Name 1 2019 2020 2021 Total 1 AT&T Inc. $557 $547 $544 $1,648 2 Lumen Technologies, Inc. 516 504 504 1,524 3 Frontier Communications Corporation 320 313 313 946 4 Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. 211 211 207 629 5 Windstream Holdings, Inc. 180 175 176 531 6 GCI Holdings LLC 68 61 61 190 7 Consolidated Communications, Inc. 60 59 59 178 8 América Móvil 63 62 51 176 9 Telapex, Inc.2 55 55 55 165 10 Verizon Communications Inc. 70 51 43 164 11 ATN International, Inc. 43 45 42 131 12 Golden West Telecommunications Cooperative, Inc. 38 37 37 112 13 Cable One, Inc. 37 37 36 110 14 Pioneer Telephone Cooperative (OK) 37 35 35 106 15 LICT Corporation 36 35 35 106 1 This column refers to “affiliate name” rather than “holding company” so as to include all entities under common ownership or control, to the extent this information is readily available to the Commission. In most cases, the “affiliate name” is reported by the entity or entities in FCC Form 477. 2 Telapex, Inc. owns C Spire Wireless. Source: USAC Company filings to the FCC with prior-period adjustments through July 2022. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 46 2022 Monitoring Report Table 3.9 – High-Cost Support Fund Claims - Affiliates: 2021 (in Millions of Dollars) 1 This column refers to “affiliate name” rather than “holding company” to include all entities under common ownership or control, to the extent this information is readily available to the Commission. In most cases, the “affiliate name” is reported by the entity or entities in FCC Form 477. 2 Legacy Support includes High-Cost Loop Support and Broadband Loop Support. 3 Model Support includes Alternative Connect America Model, Alternative Connect America Model II, and Connect America Cost Model Phase II. 4 Auction Support includes Rural Broadband Experiments, Mobility Phase I Supports, CAF II Auction, PR/USVI Fund, and RDOF. 5 Alaska Support includes CETC Alaska Plan, ILEC Alaska Plan, and Remote Alaska Support. 6 Frozen Support includes CETC Frozen High-Cost Support and ILEC Frozen High-Cost Support. Notes: Details may not add up due to rounding. Source: USAC Company filings to the FCC with prior-period adjustments through July 2022. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 47 2022 Monitoring Report Section 4 – E-Rate (Schools and Libraries) The schools and libraries universal service support program, commonly known as the E-Rate program, helps schools and libraries obtain affordable broadband Internet access, internal network connections, and telecommunications services. Eligible schools, school districts, and libraries may apply individually or as part of a consortium. Funding may be requested under two categories of eligible services: category one are services to a school or library (e.g., data transmission services and Internet access), and category two services are services that deliver Internet access within the schools and libraries (e.g., internal connections, basic maintenance of internal connections, and managed internal broadband services). Discounts for support depend on the level of poverty, as calculated by eligibility for a free or reduced-price lunch or other federally approved alternative mechanism, and whether the school or library is located in an urban or rural area. The discounts range from 20% to 90% of the costs of eligible services and equipment. E-Rate program funding is based on demand up to an annual Commission-established cap, which is $4.456 billion for funding year 2022 and is adjusted annually for inflation. The E-Rate program is administered by USAC under the direction of the FCC. Specifically, USAC is responsible for processing the applications for support, confirming eligibility, and reimbursing service providers and eligible schools and libraries for the discounted portion of the costs of the eligible services and equipment. USAC also verifies that the applicants and service providers comply with the E- Rate rules and procedures established by the FCC. Additional information about the E-Rate program can be found on the Commission’s website at https://www.fcc.gov/general/e-rate-schools-libraries-usf-program and on USAC’s website at https://www.usac.org/e-rate//. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 48 2022 Monitoring Report Table 4.1 – Schools and Libraries Funding Commitments and Disbursements by Applicant Type and Year (in Thousands of Dollars) Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 49 2022 Monitoring Report 1 Starting in funding year 2016, Libraries include both Library and Library System applicants. 2 Starting January 2011, applicants could designate their consortium as a statewide entity if the application encompassed all public schools, private schools and/or all public libraries in the state. See http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-10-2218A1.pdf. In 2016, applicants filing as a consortium, school district, and library system could designate their sub-type as a statewide entity. These applicant's commitments and disbursements are included within their primary applicant type column and are not included in the Statewide Contract column. Notes: Activity through June 30, 2022. Funding year 2022 commitment and disbursement information have not been displayed because only a small fraction of commitments (and no disbursements) have been issued for this funding year. A substantial amount of commitments and disbursements for funding year 2022 will be made. Also, because of the appeals process, certain funding commitments and disbursements may be issued after the end of the program year. Disbursements may also continue beyond the end of the program year in the event of delayed internal connections installation. Other adjustments and corrections may also be made as part of other post- commitment reviews and audits. Funds by service type can be found in the Supplementary Material file "SL Funds - by Service Type, State, and Funding Year" available in a zip at http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/federal-state- joint-board-monitoring-reports. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 50 2022 Monitoring Report Table 4.2 – Schools and Libraries Funding Commitments and Disbursements from Program Inception through June 30, 2022 by State and Applicant Type (in Thousands of Dollars) Notes: Unlike in Table 4.1, all commitments and disbursements have been shown in this table, including those in issued funding year 2022. Because of the appeals process, funding commitments and disbursements may be issued after the end of the program year. Also, disbursements may continue beyond the end of the program year in the event of delayed internal connections installation. Other adjustments and corrections may also occur. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 51 2022 Monitoring Report Section 5 – Rural Health Care The Rural Health Care (RHC) Program provides funding to eligible health care providers for broadband and telecommunications services necessary for the provision of health care. The goal of the program is to improve the quality of health care available to patients in rural communities by ensuring that eligible health care providers have access to broadband and telecommunications services. RHC Program support is provided on a funding year basis. Funding years run from July 1 through June 30 of the subsequent year. Prior to FY 2017, the RHC Program cap was $400 million. The cap for FY 2022 is $637 million and it is adjusted annually for inflation. The RHC Program is administered by the Universal Service Fund administrator, USAC, under the direction of the Commission. The RHC Program provides funding through two programs: The Telecommunications (Telecom) Program and the Healthcare Connect Fund Program. The Telecom Program, established in 1997, ensures that rural health care providers pay no more than their urban counterparts for telecommunications services. Specifically, an applicant’s program support is based on the difference between rural rates charged for telecommunications services in the rural areas in a state and the urban rates charged for similar telecommunications services in the same state. Eligible rural health care providers can obtain rates on telecommunications services for their rural health care facilities that are reasonably comparable to rates charged for similar services in corresponding urban areas, and the USF pays the difference between the urban rate and rural rate calculated under the Commission’s rules to the service provider– in effect, providing a discount to the rural health care provider in the amount of the “rural-urban differential.” The Healthcare Connect Fund Program, established in 2012, provides a flat 65% discount on an array of communications services to both individual rural health care providers and consortia, which can include non-rural health care providers (if the consortium has a majority of rural sites). These services include Internet access, dark fiber, business data, traditional DSL, and private carriage services. With the Healthcare Connect Fund Program, the Commission intended to promote the use of broadband services and facilitate the formation of healthcare provider consortia recognizing the increasing need for rural health care providers to have access to specialists who are often located in urban areas, as well as the advent of certain communications-based trends in healthcare delivery, such as the move towards electronic health records. Additional information about the RHC Program can be found on the Commission’s website at http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/rural-health-care and on USAC’s website at http://www.usac.org/rhc/ . Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 52 2022 Monitoring Report Table 5.1 – Rural Health Care Funding Commitments and Disbursements by Program and Year (in Thousands of Dollars) Note: Activity through June 30, 2022. Funding year 2022 commitment and disbursement information has not been displayed because by June 30, the data cutoff date for this report, no commitments or disbursements for funding year 2022 were made during that time. However, we anticipate that a substantial amount of commitments and disbursements for funding year 2022 will be made. Also, because of the appeals process, funding commitments and disbursements can be made after the end of the funding year. Disbursements may also continue beyond the end of the funding year in the event of delayed internal connections installation. Other adjustments and corrections may also be made. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 53 2022 Monitoring Report Table 5.2 – Rural Health Care Funding Commitments and Disbursements from Program Inception Through June 30, 2021 by State Program (in Thousands of Dollars) Telecommunications and Internet Access Program Pilot Healthcare Connect Totals State Funds Funds Funds Funds Funds Funds Funds Funds Committed Disbursed Committed Disbursed Committed Disbursed Committed Disbursed Alabama $ 15,671 $ 12,554 $ 2,749 $ 2,746 $ 17,143 $ 12,965 $ 35,563 $ 28,265 Alaska 1,331,945 1,274,564 1,882 209 6,818 5,402 1,340,644 1,280,175 American Samoa 1,512 1,419 0 0 0 0 1,512 1,419 Arizona 54,682 51,319 7,506 5,637 23,786 16,768 85,974 73,724 Arkansas 25,446 23,736 4,218 4,132 66,960 47,088 96,623 74,956 California 55,371 53,213 22,903 11,136 134,281 107,792 212,555 172,141 Colorado 4,716 4,283 10,870 10,702 65,910 49,746 81,496 64,730 Connecticut 12 12 0 0 11,274 6,110 11,287 6,123 Delaware 1 1 0 0 2,720 1,829 2,721 1,830 District of Columbia 18 8 0 0 0 0 18 8 Florida 6,811 6,360 63 63 33,612 27,367 40,486 33,790 Georgia 51,719 44,584 2,233 2,166 38,845 30,394 92,797 77,144 Guam 767 762 89 83 693 610 1,549 1,456 Hawaii 2,435 2,376 4,653 2,100 5,020 2,959 12,108 7,434 Idaho 11,953 11,513 0 0 13,562 11,169 25,514 22,681 Illinois 21,332 20,405 21,071 21,070 49,135 36,392 91,537 77,867 Indiana 9,914 7,614 15,458 12,800 65,817 51,705 91,190 72,119 Iowa 7,503 7,186 17,368 17,291 30,964 24,661 55,835 49,138 Kansas 10,828 10,381 0 0 40,532 33,078 51,360 43,459 Kentucky 19,567 17,761 2,945 913 46,719 33,316 69,231 51,991 Louisiana 14,225 13,760 15,570 375 20,286 16,001 50,082 30,136 Maine 596 491 12,957 12,639 34,634 17,262 48,187 30,393 Maryland 334 217 0 0 3,588 2,481 3,922 2,699 Massachusetts 1,084 1,049 0 0 10,888 8,371 11,972 9,420 Michigan 23,718 22,730 19,449 19,230 48,864 38,177 92,030 80,136 Minnesota 35,166 33,433 5,714 5,297 24,187 21,027 65,067 59,757 Mississippi 46,300 42,930 0 0 21,172 17,230 67,472 60,161 Missouri 22,034 20,725 2,538 2,193 44,744 34,361 69,315 57,278 Montana 13,143 12,486 15,413 14,756 8,468 6,028 37,024 33,270 Nebraska 23,007 22,228 18,010 18,010 29,723 23,400 70,740 63,638 Nevada 3,103 3,069 0 0 6,353 4,785 9,456 7,855 New Hampshire 234 224 6,400 6,335 13,771 6,605 20,405 13,164 New Jersey 0 0 0 0 597 395 597 395 New Mexico 13,577 12,271 11,770 11,029 26,225 17,788 51,572 41,088 New York 2,753 2,461 15,492 14,681 46,955 39,430 65,199 56,572 North Carolina 9,216 8,686 12,169 12,115 68,756 52,365 90,140 73,166 North Dakota 15,187 14,613 912 835 13,324 10,685 29,423 26,133 Northern Mariana Islands 43 21 46 44 9 0 98 65 Ohio 10,945 10,311 27,209 26,478 44,407 35,432 82,561 72,221 Oklahoma 30,690 29,342 0 0 42,639 34,774 73,328 64,116 Oregon 3,995 3,807 18,130 17,129 36,844 30,965 58,969 51,900 Pennsylvania 1,809 1,627 6,793 6,035 41,195 32,429 49,797 40,091 Puerto Rico 0 0 0 0 114 114 114 114 Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 320 205 320 205 South Carolina 5,594 2,468 8,763 8,282 50,787 31,731 65,144 42,481 South Dakota 10,731 10,510 4,585 4,482 14,307 11,267 29,623 26,260 Tennessee 17,185 16,032 6,834 0 25,645 18,290 49,664 34,322 Texas 100,074 88,332 15,250 0 71,799 56,717 187,123 145,049 Utah 10,092 9,352 8,815 8,176 11,979 7,217 30,886 24,745 Vermont 962 912 6,078 6,047 8,951 5,528 15,992 12,487 Virgin Islands 852 846 0 0 132 85 984 931 Virginia 37,617 35,667 2,698 1,965 27,972 20,661 68,288 58,293 Washington 3,285 3,070 118 117 41,474 32,326 44,877 35,513 West Virginia 16,894 15,508 7,070 5,751 12,455 7,813 36,419 29,072 Wisconsin 79,484 77,377 2,312 2,303 75,780 61,579 157,577 141,259 Wyoming 3,454 3,329 797 784 5,223 4,476 9,474 8,588 Totals $ 2,189,582 $ 2,069,933 $ 365,903 $ 296,139 $ 1,588,359 $ 1,207,348 $ 4,143,844 $ 3,573,420 Note: Disbursements through June 30, 2022. Unlike in Table 5.1, all commitments and disbursements (if any) have been included. Because of the appeals process, funding commitments and disbursements may be made after the program year ended. Source: USAC. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 54 2022 Monitoring Report Section 6 – Subscribership (Voice and Internet) Continuing analysis of telephone subscribership statistics allows one to examine the aggregate effects of Commission actions and industry evolution on households’ decisions to maintain, acquire or drop telephone service. In addition to telephone subscribership statistics, recent surveys by the Census Bureau now also provide information about subscribership to high-speed Internet services. Starting in 2016, this section includes telephone and Internet expense statistics for lower-income households. Starting in 2017, this section includes fixed broadband deployment and subscription information for ILECs . This chapter presents comprehensive data on telephone subscribership and expense statistics and information collected by the Bureau of the Census, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the FCC primarily through the American Community Survey (ACS), the Current Population Survey (CPS), the Consumer Expenditures Survey (CE), and FCC Form 477. The section also provides national and state-level estimates of high-speed Internet adoption based on the ACS. Along with telephone and high-speed Internet subscribership statistics for the nation and each of the states, data are provided on subscribership for various demographics. For telephone service, particular attention is given to subscribership and expenses for lower income households given the Commission’s various low-income programs such as Lifeline. To provide regular, high-quality data on telephone subscribership, the Commission requested that the Census Bureau include questions on telephone availability as part of its CPS, which monitors demographic trends between decennial censuses. The CPS is a staggered panel survey in which the people residing at selected addresses are included in the survey for four consecutive months in one year and the same four months in the following year. Use of the CPS has several advantages: it is conducted every month by an independent and expert agency; the sample is large; and the questions are consistent. Thus, changes in the results can be compared over time with a reasonable degree of confidence. In addition to the CPS, the ACS also provides data for calculating a measure of telephone subscribership. The ACS replaced the decennial census long form and thus also provides a wealth of data and large sample sizes, though on a less frequent basis than the CPS. Whereas the CPS reports household subscribership, the ACS follows the design of past decennial censuses and reports telephone subscribership for occupied housing units. In this chapter, subscribership measures from the CPS, the ACS, and decennial censuses (prior to the ACS) are reported as complements to each other.9 Historically, the ACS provided telephone subscribership data, and since 2013 now also asks whether households have access to the Internet. The ACS asks, “At this house, apartment, or mobile home – do you or any member of this household access the Internet?” Statistics based on 2019 data from the ACS on high-speed Internet subscribership have been incorporated into this report. Since the ACS is conducted throughout the year, a 1-year average is calculated using the data. 9 Subscribership statistics derived from the CPS cannot be directly compared with the subscribership estimates based on the responses to the long forms of the 1990 and 2000 decennial censuses or the ACS. This is due to differences in sampling techniques and survey methodologies as well as differences in the context in which the questions are asked. For example, the 2013 ACS reported 97.7% of all occupied housing units in the United States had telephone service available, whereas the March 2013 CPS data showed a household subscribership of 96.0%. This difference is statistically significant and may indicate that the CPS value is on the low side and the ACS value is on the high side, with the most probable value lying somewhere in between. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 55 2022 Monitoring Report The specific questions regarding telephone availability asked in the CPS are: “Does this house, apartment, or mobile home have telephone service from which you can both make and receive calls? Please include cell phones, regular phones, and any other type of telephone.” And, if the answer to the first question is “no,” this is followed up with: “Is there a telephone elsewhere on which people in this household can be called?” If the answer to the first question is “yes,” the household is counted as having a telephone “in unit.” If the answer to either the first or second question is “yes,” the household is counted as having a telephone “available.” In contrast to the CPS, the ACS in 2019 simply asks: “Does this house, apartment, or mobile home have telephone service from which you can both make and receive calls? Include cell phones.” Thus, the ACS question is most similar to the CPS’s “in unit” subscribership rather than “available.” Although the CPS is conducted every month, not all questions are asked every month. The telephone questions are asked once every four months. The changes in the CPS estimates reflect changes over the preceding four months. Aggregated summaries of the responses are reported to the Commission, based on the surveys conducted through March, July, and November of each year. The ACS provides annual telephone subscribership statistics based on data collected monthly throughout the year. The CPS data are based on a nationwide sample of about 50 to 60 thousand households in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The CPS does not cover outlying geographic areas that are not states, such as Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands.10 The ACS form is sent to approximately 250 thousand addresses per month, for a total of about 3 million addresses per year. The ACS covers the states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. The questions and answer categories used to collect ACS data on computer and Internet use were revised in 2016. The changes in high-speed Internet subscribership may be due to the revised wording and improved measurement, rather than a result of changes in the Internet use. Due to the pandemic, the standard ACS 2020 1-year data were not released. Census instead released a series of experimental estimates from the 1-year data. This is because certain groups were unable to be interviewed to establish weights created in the same way as other years. We maintain 2019 data in these cases. Section 6 also presents broadband subscription and deployment information from ILEC’s Form 477 and study area boundary submissions. Additionally, carriers participating in modernized Connect America Fund programs must file broadband deployment data with USAC’s HUBB (High Cost Universal Broadband) portal showing where they are building out mass-market, high-speed Internet service. These deployment data have been rolled up by funding mechanism and compared against their deployment obligations. 10 Annual data for Puerto Rico has been available from the ACS starting with 2005. The percentage of occupied housing units with voice service for the last five years of available data are reported in Table 6.6. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 56 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.1 – Household Voice Subscribership in the United States, 1983 – 2022 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey Updated on January 17, 2024 Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 57 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.2 – Household Voice Penetration by Income, 1997 – 2022 (in 1984 Dollars) $9,999 or $10,000 - $20,000 - $30,000 - $40,000 or All Less $19,999 $29,999 $39,999 Greater Households 1997 86.0 93.0 96.5 97.6 98.2 94.0 1998 85.7 93.7 96.1 97.4 98.2 94.1 1999 85.5 92.9 96.0 97.2 98.2 94.0 2000 87.5 93.3 96.1 97.3 98.0 94.5 2001 87.6 93.4 95.9 97.1 97.8 94.4 2002 89.1 94.3 96.9 98.1 98.8 95.5 2003 89.2 94.6 97.0 98.1 98.8 95.5 2004 88.0 93.2 95.3 96.7 97.7 94.2 2005 86.4 91.2 94.1 95.2 96.0 92.5 2006 86.3 91.8 94.4 95.4 96.5 92.9 2007 88.4 94.1 95.9 96.8 97.9 94.6 2008 89.7 94.3 96.2 97.4 98.3 95.2 2009 90.4 95.2 96.6 97.3 98.3 95.6 2010 91.9 95.8 96.9 97.7 98.6 96.1 2011 91.5 95.9 96.8 97.8 98.3 95.9 2012 92.0 95.3 96.9 97.8 98.3 95.9 2013 92.6 95.6 97.0 97.2 98.3 96.0 2014 93.1 95.9 96.7 97.9 98.2 96.3 2015 93.2 96.0 97.1 97.7 98.1 96.4 2016 93.2 96.4 97.0 97.6 98.0 96.4 2017 93.1 96.0 96.9 97.5 97.8 96.3 2018 92.9 96.3 97.1 97.5 97.6 96.3 2019 93.1 96.1 96.3 97.1 97.8 96.2 2020 94.2 96.5 97.5 97.7 98.2 97.0 2021 94.9 97.0 97.3 97.7 98.2 97.1 2022 95.2 96.9 97.8 97.5 98.0 97.1 Notes: Income groups classified by 1984 dollars. For a conversion to current-year dollars, consult Table 6.3. Total penetration rates may differ slightly from those in Table 6.1 due to sampling differences between the March CPS and the March CPS Supplement. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (March CPS Supplement). Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 58 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.3 – Nominal Dollar Equivalents by Year 1984 $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 1997 15,595 31,190 46,785 62,380 1998 15,809 31,618 47,427 63,236 1999 16,082 32,164 48,246 64,328 2000 16,686 33,372 50,058 66,744 2001 17,173 34,346 51,519 68,692 2002 17,427 34,854 52,281 69,708 2003 17,953 35,906 53,859 71,812 2004 18,265 36,530 54,795 73,060 2005 18,840 37,680 56,520 75,360 2006 19,474 38,948 58,422 77,896 2007 20,015 40,030 60,045 80,060 2008 20,812 41,624 62,436 83,248 2009 20,732 41,464 62,196 82,928 2010 21,212 42,423 63,635 84,846 2011 21,780 43,561 65,341 87,122 2012 22,358 44,716 67,074 89,432 2013 22,687 45,375 68,062 90,750 2014 23,031 46,061 69,092 92,122 2015 23,014 46,027 69,041 92,054 2016 23,210 46,419 69,629 92,839 2017 23,762 47,525 71,287 95,049 2018 24,323 48,646 72,969 97,292 2019 24,776 49,552 74,328 99,104 2020 25,157 50,315 75,472 100,630 2021 25,816 51,633 77,449 103,266 2022 28,022 56,044 84,065 112,087 Note: All numbers based on CPI non-adjusted series, March 1984 base of 102.6. This table shows the nominal dollar equivalents for each 1984-dollar amount used in classifying income categories in Tables 6.2 and 6.8. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 59 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.4 – Historical Voice Penetration Estimates Percentage of Occupied Housing Percentage of Households with Units with Telephone Service 1 Telephone Service 2 1920 35.0 1930 40.9 1940 36.9 1950 61.8 1960 78.3 1970 90.5 1980 92.9 1990 94.8 93.3 2000 97.6 94.4 2001 96.9 94.9 2002 96.6 95.3 2003 96.2 95.1 2004 95.7 93.8 2005 94.8 93.1 2006 94.1 93.6 2007 94.6 94.8 20083 98.2 95.2 2009 97.7 95.7 2010 97.5 95.8 2011 97.4 95.7 2012 97.4 95.9 2013 97.7 95.9 2014 97.6 96.1 2015 97.4 96.3 2016 97.0 96.4 2017 98.5 96.1 2018 98.5 96.1 2019 99.0 96.1 2020 NA4 97.4 2021 99.1 97.0 5 2022 NA 96.8 1 Housing Unit penetration statistics are from the U.S. Census Bureau's Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970, Part 2, page 783 (1920 - 1970); the decennial censuses (1980 - 2000); and the Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 1-year estimates (2001 - 2019, 2021). 2 Household penetration data (1990 - 2019, 2021) are annual averages from the U.S. Census based on the Current Population Survey. For 2021, July CPS data are used. 3 Errata #53: released April 12, 2010, regarding 2008 ACS 1-year and 2006-2008 ACS 3-year estimates for household kitchen facilities and telephone service. Two errors were found affecting the 2008 ACS 1-year data and the 2006-2008 ACS 3-year data for telephone service. The errors involve the last two items in Question 8 on the housing section of the 2008 ACS questionnaire which asks whether the housing unit has telephone service (including cell phones). The error involved the incorrect capture of the responses to those items. It affected the estimates of householders who reported no telephone service, resulting in an underestimate of "no" responses and an increased imputation rate for both items. At the national level, the percent of households reporting no telephone service in 2008 was 1.8 percent; however, after correcting the data capture error, the percent reporting no telephone service is approximately 2.8 percent. 4 ACS statistics for 2020 are experimental due to COVID-19 impacting the ACS. 5 ACS statistics for 2022 are not available. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 60 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.5 – Voice Penetration by Selected Demographic Characteristics (Percentage of Households with Voice Service) Characteristic 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Persons in Household 1 94.3 94.3 96.2 95.8 95.9 2 - 3 96.7 96.7 97.9 97.5 97.2 4 - 5 97.3 97.1 97.9 97.7 97.4 6 + 96.5 96.3 97.3 97.0 97.2 Age of Householder 15 - 24 Yrs Old 95.9 95.5 97.5 96.6 96.9 25 - 54 Yrs Old 96.1 96.2 97.4 97.2 96.9 55 - 59 Yrs Old 96.4 95.6 97.3 97.0 96.2 60 - 64 Yrs Old 96.3 95.9 97.5 96.9 96.8 65 - 69 Yrs Old 96.5 96.5 97.4 96.9 97.2 70 - 99 Yrs Old 95.9 95.8 97.3 96.7 96.8 Race of Householder White 96.5 96.4 97.6 97.2 97.0 Black 94.2 94.7 96.5 96.2 96.1 Hispanic Origin 94.4 94.2 96.3 95.6 95.6 Total United States 96.1 96.1 97.4 97.0 96.8 Note: From 2018 to 2021 values are annual averages. For 2022, values are July 2022 figures since complete 2021 figures were unavailable at the time of publication. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 61 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.6 – Voice Subscribership by State, 2015 – 2021 (Percentage of Occupied Housing Units with Voice Service) 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2021 Alabama 97.2 96.9 98.4 98.0 98.6 98.9 Alaska 97.3 97.5 98.9 98.7 98.6 99.0 Arizona 97.4 96.4 98.1 98.4 98.8 98.9 Arkansas 96.4 96.3 97.8 98.0 98.6 99.0 California 97.8 97.4 98.8 98.8 99.1 99.1 Colorado 97.9 96.9 98.7 98.6 99.2 99.2 Connecticut 98.5 97.9 98.9 98.9 99.2 99.2 Delaware 98.3 97.4 98.2 99.2 99.5 99.3 District of Columbia 97.2 96.4 97.0 98.8 99.0 99.0 Florida 97.1 96.4 98.3 98.4 98.8 99.0 Georgia 97.3 97.0 98.5 98.5 99.0 99.1 Hawaii 97.7 97.0 98.4 98.2 98.8 99.4 Idaho 97.3 96.4 98.2 98.4 99.3 99.2 Illinois 97.6 96.9 98.5 98.5 99.0 99.2 Indiana 97.4 97.1 98.2 98.3 98.6 99.2 Iowa 97.5 96.9 98.4 98.7 99.0 99.2 Kansas 97.1 96.4 98.0 98.5 99.1 99.2 Kentucky 97.3 97.0 98.2 98.5 98.8 98.8 Louisiana 97.2 97.0 98.0 98.2 98.8 98.8 Maine 97.6 97.6 98.5 98.7 99.0 99.2 Maryland 97.7 97.4 98.8 98.7 99.1 99.2 Massachusetts 98.1 98.1 98.9 98.8 99.2 99.2 Michigan 97.4 97.0 98.5 98.4 99.2 99.3 Minnesota 97.3 97.5 98.8 98.7 99.3 99.3 Mississippi 97.0 96.7 98.2 98.2 98.6 98.7 Missouri 97.2 96.9 98.3 98.5 99.0 99.1 Montana 97.0 96.3 97.9 97.5 98.7 98.9 Nebraska 97.3 97.2 98.6 98.5 99.1 99.1 Nevada 97.2 96.5 98.3 98.1 98.7 98.9 New Hampshire 98.3 98.2 98.9 98.9 99.1 99.3 New Jersey 97.8 97.4 99.0 98.9 99.1 99.2 New Mexico 96.6 96.2 97.6 97.8 98.5 98.6 New York 97.9 97.3 98.6 98.4 98.8 99.1 North Carolina 97.6 96.6 98.5 98.6 99.0 99.2 North Dakota 96.9 97.6 98.6 98.5 99.2 98.9 Ohio 97.3 96.7 98.6 98.6 99.0 99.1 Oklahoma 97.0 96.6 98.2 98.2 98.9 98.9 Oregon 97.3 96.7 98.7 98.9 99.2 99.3 Pennsylvania 98.0 97.7 98.5 98.6 99.0 99.0 Rhode Island 98.1 97.5 99.0 98.8 99.2 98.5 South Carolina 97.0 96.1 98.3 98.5 98.9 99.1 South Dakota 96.7 96.4 97.6 97.9 98.4 98.8 Tennessee 97.6 97.1 98.4 98.4 98.6 98.8 Texas 97.4 96.3 98.2 98.4 99.0 99.1 Utah 97.7 97.2 98.4 99.0 99.3 99.4 Vermont 97.9 97.2 98.6 98.0 98.7 99.2 Virginia 97.6 97.5 98.9 98.9 99.2 99.2 Washington 97.5 97.0 99.0 98.7 99.1 99.3 West Virginia 97.3 96.9 97.1 98.4 98.5 98.8 Wisconsin 97.3 97.0 98.4 98.4 98.9 99.2 Wyoming 97.4 97.1 98.9 98.9 99.1 99.2 Total United States 97.4 97.0 98.5 98.5 99.0 99.1 Puerto Rico 95.5 96.0 96.0 95.8 96.5 97.6 Note: 'Total United States' does not include Puerto Rico. Note: 2020 data unavailable due to Covid-19 impacts to ACS data. Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Table DP04. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 62 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.7 – Voice Penetration by State, Selected Years (Percentage of Households with a Telephone in Unit) 1984 1996 2000 2010 2021 Alabama 88.4 92.2 91.9 95.2 97.8 Alaska 86.5 94.4 94.3 97.1 99.3 Arizona 86.9 93.1 93.9 95.2 99.0 Arkansas 86.6 86.9 88.6 93.4 93.6 California 92.5 95.0 95.8 96.4 96.4 Colorado 93.2 95.5 96.3 97.7 98.7 Connecticut 95.5 97.5 96.4 97.9 98.2 Delaware 94.3 96.1 96.3 97.4 98.7 District of Columbia 94.9 93.0 93.2 91.1 98.0 Florida 88.7 93.1 92.1 93.7 92.2 Georgia 86.2 89.7 91.1 93.0 96.4 Hawaii 93.5 94.8 94.7 95.7 98.3 Idaho 90.7 92.9 93.9 97.9 98.4 Illinois 94.2 93.0 91.5 95.2 98.8 Indiana 91.6 93.7 94.5 92.5 98.2 Iowa 96.2 96.6 96.2 97.7 98.6 Kansas 94.3 93.9 94.8 97.5 98.6 Kentucky 88.1 92.3 93.3 95.0 95.3 Louisiana 89.7 91.1 92.6 96.5 97.3 Maine 93.4 96.5 97.9 98.2 99.0 Maryland 95.7 96.7 95.0 96.2 97.9 Massachusetts 95.9 95.7 94.6 97.6 98.6 Michigan 92.8 95.0 95.0 96.8 97.4 Minnesota 95.8 97.1 97.4 98.5 98.8 Mississippi 82.4 87.5 89.2 96.0 97.7 Missouri 91.5 95.3 95.8 96.1 98.6 Montana 91.0 94.3 94.6 94.9 98.2 Nebraska 95.7 96.0 97.3 95.6 99.1 Nevada 90.4 93.5 94.0 96.6 96.8 New Hampshire 94.3 96.1 97.7 98.2 98.8 New Jersey 94.8 93.6 94.6 95.9 88.0 New Mexico 82.0 86.2 91.2 92.4 95.1 New York 91.8 93.4 95.1 94.8 94.8 North Carolina 88.3 93.5 93.9 95.5 97.7 North Dakota 94.6 96.3 95.8 98.5 98.1 Ohio 92.4 94.5 94.8 96.7 97.9 Oklahoma 90.3 91.3 91.2 95.7 98.3 Oregon 90.6 96.0 94.8 97.6 99.3 Pennsylvania 94.9 96.9 96.6 98.2 98.7 Rhode Island 93.6 95.7 94.9 97.2 98.2 South Carolina 83.7 91.3 93.2 94.3 98.3 South Dakota 93.2 93.3 94.3 97.8 97.5 Tennessee 88.5 94.0 95.5 92.2 98.0 Texas 88.4 91.0 93.5 95.2 98.6 Utah 92.5 96.7 95.9 96.7 97.1 Vermont 92.3 95.9 95.6 98.1 98.6 Virginia 93.1 94.9 95.4 95.3 98.0 Washington 93.0 94.5 94.9 98.1 99.0 West Virginia 87.7 92.9 94.0 96.2 98.9 Wisconsin 95.2 97.0 94.8 98.3 98.2 Wyoming 89.9 95.0 94.7 97.3 97.6 Total United States 91.6 93.9 94.4 95.8 97.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 63 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.8 – Household Voice Penetration by State and Income, 2021 (in 1984 Dollars) $9,999 or $10,000 to $19,999 to $30,000 to $40,000 or All Less $19,999 $29,999 $39,999 More Households Alabama 97.9 98.9 98.1 98.8 98.7 98.4 Alaska 98.2 98.7 100.0 99.0 100.0 99.3 Arizona 98.3 98.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.3 Arkansas 95.9 94.9 94.0 96.7 97.6 95.7 California 93.3 95.0 96.5 94.6 97.1 95.6 Colorado 99.3 99.6 99.4 98.8 99.2 99.3 Connecticut 96.8 100.0 97.3 100.0 98.8 98.6 Delaware 98.9 97.3 99.2 100.0 99.1 98.8 District of Columbia 96.3 96.9 100.0 99.2 98.2 97.9 Florida 90.0 93.2 92.5 90.9 95.4 92.6 Georgia 93.7 95.1 97.1 96.9 97.2 95.9 Hawaii 92.8 98.6 97.3 98.5 98.7 97.5 Idaho 99.1 97.8 99.5 100.0 98.5 98.8 Illinois 99.0 99.6 98.8 99.5 99.0 99.2 Indiana 95.4 94.8 96.9 98.8 98.5 96.8 Iowa 100.0 99.5 97.8 99.4 99.6 99.3 Kansas 98.0 100.0 100.0 99.2 99.5 99.4 Kentucky 92.5 97.7 98.2 96.3 97.0 96.0 Louisiana 94.6 97.3 98.6 99.6 97.7 97.2 Maine 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.2 100.0 99.9 Maryland 98.5 96.9 98.1 97.6 98.6 98.1 Massachusetts 97.1 96.3 98.6 100.0 98.8 98.2 Michigan 91.1 98.1 97.3 98.0 98.0 96.4 Minnesota 99.5 97.5 100.0 99.3 98.9 98.9 Mississippi 95.8 97.1 95.7 99.4 97.9 96.9 Missouri 96.5 96.0 98.6 100.0 98.9 97.8 Montana 97.2 97.7 100.0 100.0 98.3 98.4 Nebraska 95.7 98.7 98.5 97.5 98.2 97.9 Nevada 94.8 98.7 98.0 99.2 97.5 97.5 New Hampshire 100.0 98.2 99.2 100.0 98.3 98.9 New Jersey 88.6 93.6 93.1 94.4 94.1 92.9 New Mexico 87.7 95.4 95.7 96.3 96.7 93.8 New York 91.2 91.8 96.7 92.5 95.3 93.6 North Carolina 97.0 95.8 98.5 99.5 96.9 97.2 North Dakota 96.4 98.5 98.9 97.1 99.6 98.3 Ohio 99.1 99.2 99.6 100.0 99.8 99.5 Oklahoma 94.7 99.0 100.0 98.1 99.4 98.1 Oregon 96.6 99.2 99.7 99.1 99.2 98.9 Pennsylvania 98.1 98.5 99.7 100.0 98.7 98.9 Rhode Island 95.2 97.6 98.5 98.8 99.7 98.2 South Carolina 97.5 98.3 99.1 100.0 99.2 98.7 South Dakota 94.5 98.8 97.4 98.8 98.2 97.8 Tennessee 98.1 99.0 99.4 98.5 97.7 98.5 Texas 97.9 98.9 99.5 99.5 99.1 98.9 Utah 96.9 98.3 98.6 96.2 97.7 97.7 Vermont 95.2 99.3 100.0 98.4 100.0 98.6 Virginia 95.5 99.5 99.8 100.0 99.0 98.8 Washington 95.5 99.3 99.2 99.2 99.8 98.9 West Virginia 94.8 99.5 95.7 98.6 99.5 97.5 Wisconsin 95.1 96.6 99.0 99.5 99.7 98.0 Wyoming 96.1 98.5 98.2 98.2 99.2 98.1 Total United States 95.2 96.9 97.8 97.5 98.0 97.1 Note: Income categories use 1984 dollars. For a conversion to current-year dollars, consult Table 6.3. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (March CPS Supplement). Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 64 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.9 – Internet Use by Selected Characteristics, 2021 Percent with high-speed Internet subscription1 All Households 90.1 Household Income 2 Less than $20,000 73.6 $20,000 - $74,999 88.2 $75,000 or more 96.5 Metropolitan Status 3 Metropolitan Area 91.1 Nonmetropolitan Area 82.6 Urban / Rural Area3 Rural Area 86.6 Urban Area 91.0 All Individuals 89.4 Age 4 Under 18 95.3 18 - 64 93.9 65 + 83.1 Race and Hispanic Origin5 White alone, non-Hispanic 92.8 Black alone, non-Hispanic 89.4 Asian alone, non-Hispanic 96.1 Hispanic (of any race) 91.9 American Indian 86.3 1 High-speed service includes all Internet service other than dial-up. 2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Table B28004 3 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Table B28002 4 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Table B28005 5 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Tables B28009 (A, B, C, D, and I) Note: 2020 Data unable to be presented due to Covid-19 impacts on ACS 1 year data. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 65 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.10 – High-Speed Internet Penetration for Households by State, 2016 – 2021 2016 2017 2018 2019 2021 Alabama 74.7 78.1 79.3 81.6 85.0 Alaska 85.7 86.1 87.5 87.8 90.7 Arizona 83.1 85.7 86.2 87.2 91.4 Arkansas 70.9 73.0 76.9 79.8 85.5 California 85.4 87.7 88.7 89.8 92.9 Colorado 86.9 88.2 89.4 91.0 93.0 Connecticut 84.1 85.5 87.0 88.5 92.2 Delaware 83.3 86.2 88.4 88.8 91.9 District of Columbia 79.8 82.7 86.1 87.3 90.1 Florida 81.2 83.2 85.2 86.8 90.5 Georgia 80.7 82.7 83.7 85.0 90.0 Hawaii 83.2 84.5 85.7 88.0 91.3 Idaho 79.4 82.5 86.2 88.4 90.5 Illinois 82.0 83.6 85.1 86.0 89.8 Indiana 79.2 81.2 82.8 83.9 89.3 Iowa 79.6 81.8 83.6 83.9 88.3 Kansas 80.3 83.0 84.3 85.2 89.8 Kentucky 77.3 78.9 81.7 83.1 87.1 Louisiana 74.4 75.6 78.1 80.6 85.4 Maine 80.7 82.0 84.0 84.9 89.8 Maryland 85.8 87.7 88.2 89.1 91.8 Massachusetts 85.5 86.8 87.9 88.9 92.2 Michigan 80.5 82.8 84.1 85.9 90.0 Minnesota 83.5 85.9 86.8 87.9 91.3 Mississippi 70.7 73.4 76.3 76.8 81.8 Missouri 79.3 81.3 82.9 84.8 88.5 Montana 78.9 81.3 83.6 85.0 88.8 Nebraska 81.6 84.4 85.7 87.0 89.8 Nevada 80.9 83.4 85.9 85.6 90.5 New Hampshire 86.4 88.4 89.1 89.2 92.3 New Jersey 84.2 86.8 88.0 89.4 91.9 New Mexico 73.7 76.4 76.9 78.5 84.3 New York 81.7 83.4 85.3 86.2 90.4 North Carolina 79.0 81.6 83.5 85.3 88.9 North Dakota 81.4 81.3 80.3 84.1 88.1 Ohio 80.9 83.2 84.5 85.4 88.9 Oklahoma 77.2 79.7 81.9 83.6 87.8 Oregon 84.9 86.8 87.9 89.0 91.6 Pennsylvania 80.5 81.5 84.1 85.6 88.8 Rhode Island 82.8 85.5 85.3 87.7 90.8 South Carolina 77.0 79.2 81.5 82.7 87.8 South Dakota 79.5 80.6 82.1 85.0 88.0 Tennessee 76.7 79.4 82.1 83.0 88.0 Texas 80.5 83.3 84.5 86.3 90.1 Utah 85.4 87.8 90.0 90.8 93.5 Vermont 81.1 81.4 82.5 83.4 89.2 Virginia 83.4 84.8 85.6 86.7 90.6 Washington 87.4 89.1 90.0 91.2 93.5 West Virginia 74.2 76.0 79.0 81.0 85.0 Wisconsin 81.3 83.3 84.4 86.0 89.6 Wyoming 83.2 83.7 85.7 87.8 90.3 Total United States 81.4 83.5 85.1 86.4 90.1 Puerto Rico 59.3 60.9 62.2 68.2 76.5 Note: High-speed Internet service includes all Internet service other than dial-up. 2020 Data unable to be presented due to Covid-19 impacts on ACS 1 year data. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Table B28002. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 66 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.11 – Residential Fixed Connections per Household by Speed Tier as of December 31, 2021 (Households and Subscribers in thousands) At least 200 Kbps in any 10 Mbps Download 25 Mbps Download 100 Mbps Download Households direction 1 Mbps upload 3 Mbps Upload 20 Mbps Upload Subscribers Ratio Subscribers Ratio Subscribers Ratio Subscribers Ratio Alabama 2,011 1,644 0.82 1,507 0.75 1,355 0.67 519 0.26 Alaska 269 230 0.86 214 0.80 167 0.62 * * American Samoa 9 * * * * * * 0 0.00 Arizona 2,705 2,534 0.94 2,411 0.89 2,229 0.82 525 0.19 Arkansas 1,199 955 0.80 842 0.70 726 0.61 293 0.24 California 3,475 2,569 0.93 2,109 0.90 1,397 0.85 3,727 0.28 Colorado 2,257 2,185 0.97 2,085 0.92 1,946 0.86 529 0.23 Connecticut 1,418 1,331 0.94 1,287 0.91 1,171 0.83 417 0.29 Delaware 386 395 1.02 387 1.00 385 1.00 140 0.36 District of Columbia 312 279 0.90 274 0.88 271 0.87 116 0.37 Florida 8,529 8,386 0.98 8,089 0.95 7,756 0.91 3,126 0.37 Georgia 4,020 3,634 0.90 3,433 0.85 3,193 0.79 1,529 0.38 Guam 43 * * * * * * * * Hawaii 490 499 1.02 488 1.00 * * * * Idaho 676 615 0.91 550 0.81 443 0.66 211 0.31 Illinois 4,998 4,281 0.86 4,079 0.82 3,786 0.76 1,564 0.31 Indiana 2,667 2,274 0.85 2,111 0.79 1,938 0.73 813 0.30 Iowa 1,288 1,081 0.84 980 0.76 865 0.67 360 0.28 Kansas 1,151 1,007 0.88 943 0.82 856 0.74 336 0.29 Kentucky 1,797 1,543 0.86 1,422 0.79 1,275 0.71 500 0.28 Louisiana 1,831 1,470 0.80 1,361 0.74 1,218 0.67 429 0.23 Maine 582 587 1.01 540 0.93 468 0.80 68 0.12 Maryland 2,321 2,171 0.94 2,126 0.92 2,093 0.90 932 0.40 Massachusetts 2,749 2,583 0.94 2,526 0.92 2,508 0.91 794 0.29 Michigan 4,041 3,533 0.87 3,348 0.83 3,132 0.78 989 0.24 Minnesota 2,253 2,019 0.90 1,894 0.84 1,733 0.77 457 0.20 Mississippi 1,158 869 0.75 770 0.67 630 0.54 283 0.24 Missouri 2,479 2,117 0.85 1,916 0.77 1,704 0.69 759 0.31 Montana 447 403 0.90 363 0.81 311 0.70 57 0.13 Nebraska 773 674 0.87 634 0.82 578 0.75 198 0.26 Nevada 1,177 1,091 0.93 1,045 0.89 989 0.84 256 0.22 New Hampshire 556 561 1.01 539 0.97 511 0.92 135 0.24 New Jersey 3,426 3,264 0.95 3,209 0.94 3,178 0.93 1,945 0.57 New Mexico 829 702 0.85 628 0.76 546 0.66 108 0.13 New York 7,715 6,941 0.90 6,845 0.89 6,605 0.86 3,908 0.51 North Carolina 4,160 3,958 0.95 3,658 0.88 3,459 0.83 1,359 0.33 North Dakota 322 283 0.88 276 0.86 266 0.83 151 0.47 Northern Mariana Isl. 14 * * * * * * 0 0.00 Ohio 4,808 4,265 0.89 4,033 0.84 3,713 0.77 1,029 0.21 Oklahoma 1,535 1,257 0.82 1,148 0.75 1,021 0.66 368 0.24 Oregon 1,671 1,521 0.91 1,424 0.85 1,335 0.80 346 0.21 Pennsylvania 5,210 4,647 0.89 4,395 0.84 4,285 0.82 1,477 0.28 Puerto Rico 1,340 661 0.49 578 0.43 379 0.28 124 0.09 Rhode Island 441 403 0.91 401 0.91 399 0.90 205 0.47 South Carolina 2,048 1,919 0.94 1,824 0.89 1,680 0.82 696 0.34 South Dakota 350 310 0.89 303 0.87 290 0.83 113 0.32 Tennessee 2,742 2,404 0.88 2,287 0.83 2,155 0.79 1,041 0.38 Texas 491 9,604 0.92 9,234 0.88 8,558 0.82 4,062 0.39 Utah 1,057 986 0.93 946 0.90 885 0.84 313 0.30 Vermont 271 268 0.99 237 0.87 199 0.73 41 0.15 Virgin Islands 39 * * * * * * * * Virginia 3,321 2,952 0.89 2,801 0.84 2,733 0.82 1,134 0.34 Washington 2,974 2,712 0.91 2,538 0.85 2,389 0.80 626 0.21 West Virginia 743 568 0.76 491 0.66 427 0.58 144 0.20 Wisconsin 2,428 2,156 0.89 1,991 0.82 1,778 0.73 446 0.18 Wyoming 234 214 0.91 198 0.84 180 0.77 38 0.16 Total 128,265 115,624 0.90 109,815 0.86 102,646 0.80 40,097 0.31 Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 67 2022 Monitoring Report Note: Mbps = megabits per second and kbps = kilobits per second. * = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality. Note: Column Ratio = The ratio of the reported number of fixed residential connections (from FCC Form 477) to the estimated number of households (from the 5-year ACS). This is a loose estimate of the share of households with fixed-location connections and is not bounded by 1—the numerator and denominator of this ratio are both themselves estimates and come from different sources. Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding. Sources: FCC Form 477 (Connections); Census 2020 (Households for the fifty states, District of Columbia, and the 5 United States territories.) Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 68 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.12 – Telephone Service, Internet Access, Telephone Expenses, and Internet Expenses in Low- Income Households All statistics between group 1 and group 2 are statistically significantly different at a confidence level of 99.9%. 1 The telephone expenses include residential phone service, VOIP, phone cards, and cellular phone service. Note: Group 1 contains occupied housing units where the household income is less than or equal to 135% of the 2020 Federal Poverty Guideline for the household. Group 2 contains occupied housing units where household income is greater than 135% of the Federal Poverty Guideline, but less than or equal to 200% of the Federal Poverty Guideline for that Household. Note: Expenses are calculated for everyone in the income groups (All) and for only those who have telephone or internet expenses in the income groups (With Expenses Only). Note: The 2016 Lifeline Modernization Order included affordability of voice and broadband service as a component of the program’s goals and directed WCB (Wireline Competition Bureau) to measure the extent to which voice and broadband service expenditures exceed two percent of low-income consumers’ disposable household income as compared to the next highest income group. Lifeline and Link Up Reform and Modernization, et al., WC Docket No. 11-42 et al., Third Report and Order, Further Report and Order, and Order on Reconsideration, 31 FCC Rcd 3962, 4112, para. 408 (2016). Note: 2020 Household data unable to be presented due to Covid-19 impacts on ACS PUMS data. Source: American Community Survey 2019 Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) data for telephone service and internet access and Consumer Expenditure Survey 2020 public-use microdata (PUMD) for telephone and internet expenses and after-tax income. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 69 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.13 – Voice Lines and Consumer-Only Broadband Subscribers at Year-End for Rate-of-Return Carriers (in Thousands) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Legacy Switched Access Voice Lines 2,210 2,080 1,403 1,294 1,182 Consumer-Only Broadband 239 332 395 552 704 Total 2,449 2,412 1,799 1,846 1,885 A-CAM Carriers Switched Access Voice Lines 1,114 900 635 634 594 Consumer-Only Broadband 55 56 97 147 181 Total 1,169 955 731 781 775 A-CAM II Switched Access Voice Lines NA NA 480 467 435 Consumer-Only Broadband NA NA 75 115 147 Total NA NA 555 581 582 Alaska Plan Switched Access Voice Lines 63 59 50 49 48 Consumer-Only Broadband 11 14 17 21 23 Total 73 74 67 70 71 Total Rate-of Return Switched Access Voice Lines 3,386 3,039 2,568 2,444 2,259 Consumer-Only Broadband 305 402 584 835 1,055 Total 3,692 3,441 3,152 3,279 3,314 Note: A-CAM stands for Alternative Connect America Cost Model. Carriers that elected A-CAM II will have their lines included in Legacy prior to the inception of the program in 2019. Sources: Data for Legacy carriers are from FCC Form 507. Data for A-CAM and Alaska Plan carriers for 2017 and 2018 are from NECA's Annual USF filings. Data for A-CAM and Alaska Plan carriers for 2019-2021 are from FCC Form 507. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 70 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.14 – Fixed Connections for Incumbent Rate-of-Return Carriers (in Thousands) Speed Tier and Year Residential Business Total At Least 4 Mbps December 2015 1,355 146 1,500 December 2016 1,599 164 1,764 December 2017 1,815 191 2,005 December 2018 2,084 212 2,296 December 2019 2,277 222 2,498 December 2020 2,578 240 2,818 December 2021 2,803 264 3,067 At Least 10 Mbps December 2015 853 90 943 December 2016 1,120 114 1,234 December 2017 1,421 150 1,571 December 2018 1,753 178 1,931 December 2019 2,023 196 2,219 December 2020 2,375 219 2,594 December 2021 2,634 243 2,877 At Least 25 Mbps December 2015 264 22 286 December 2016 417 35 452 December 2017 715 61 776 December 2018 1,016 90 1,107 December 2019 1,343 121 1,464 December 2020 1,762 154 1,917 December 2021 2,114 187 2,301 At Least 100 Mbps December 2015 67 5 72 December 2016 128 9 137 December 2017 211 16 227 December 2018 368 25 393 December 2019 537 38 575 December 2020 809 59 868 December 2021 1,135 85 1,220 Notes: All connections below 25 Mbps have a minimum upstream speed of 1 Mbps. All connections with at least 25 Mbps have a minimum upstream of 3 Mbps. All connections with at least 100 Mbps have a minimum upstream of 20 Mbps. Data from 2015 - 2020 may be revised from the 2021 Monitoring Report due to respondents' refiling of Form 477. Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding. Source: FCC Form 477. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 71 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.15 – Fixed Deployments for Incumbent Rate-of-Return Carriers (in Thousands) Population in Housing Units in # of Deployed Census Speed Tier and Year Deployed Census Deployed Census Blocks Blocks Blocks At Least 4 Mbps December 2016 894 9,996 4,685 December 2017 926 10,300 4,833 December 2018 940 10,358 4,853 December 2019 987 10,810 5,071 December 2020 988 10,854 5,115 December 2021 753 10,894 5,083 At Least 10 Mbps December 2016 788 9,349 4,363 December 2017 839 9,767 4,573 December 2018 859 9,848 4,620 December 2019 936 10,566 4,953 December 2020 936 10,575 4,977 December 2021 733 10,786 5,031 At Least 25 Mbps December 2016 499 6,512 3,035 December 2017 571 7,227 3,379 December 2018 606 7,617 3,557 December 2019 724 8,798 4,111 December 2020 784 9,418 4,417 December 2021 639 9,778 4,556 At Least 100 Mbps December 2016 276 3,551 1,633 December 2017 351 4,388 2,030 December 2018 430 5,183 2,398 December 2019 508 6,017 2,790 December 2020 577 6,755 3,151 December 2021 507 7,762 3,588 Note: All connections below 25 Mbps have a minimum upstream speed of 1 Mbps. All connections of at least 25 Mbps have a minimum upstream of 3 Mbps. All connections of at least 100 Mbps have a minimum upstream of 20 Mbps Note: December 2019 data based upon updated Study Area Boundaries. Note: December 2021 data based on Census 2020 data while prior years based on Census 2010 data. Total census blocks decreased by 2,897,431 in Census 2020, leading to lower census blocks reported covered for each speed category in December 2021. Source: FCC Form 477 Submissions. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 72 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.16 – Overview of Broadband Obligations and Deployment by High-Cost Support Mechanism as of December 31, 2021 (in Thousands) Obligations 1 Subtotal Reasonable Fund 4/1 10/1 25/3 25/52 50/52 100/52 100/20 100/25 1000/100 1000/500 Obligations Request ACAM 26,930 170,884 452,954 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 650,768 65,707 ACAM II 24,042 0 363,452 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 387,494 67,840 AK Plan 1,463 12,414 49,665 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 63,542 0 CAF BLS 0 0 474,207 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 474,207 0 CAFII 0 3,655,908 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,655,908 0 CAFII AUC 0 368 359,033 0 0 0 254,892 0 0 134,656 748,949 0 RBE4 0 1,679 25,211 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26,890 0 Total 52,435 3,841,253 1,724,522 0 0 0 254,892 0 0 134,656 6,007,758 133,547 Deployed Locations Reported in the HUBB 1 Total Broadband Total Deployed Fund 4/1 10/1 25/3 25/5 50/5 100/5 100/20 100/25 1000/100 1000/500 Locations Satisfying 3 Deployed 3 Obligations ACAM 30,858 149,552 118,751 67,442 5,369 0 12,881 57,630 0 66,532 509,015 432,142 ACAM II 7,364 24,534 98,854 18,744 1,848 0 8,459 79,431 0 110,617 349,851 299,617 AK Plan 51 11,564 21,145 0 9,742 4,132 0 0 351 2,949 49,934 46,875 CAF BLS 3,337 33,202 136,387 72,850 5,200 0 30,879 215,705 0 386,581 884,141 370,572 CAFII 0 3,730,465 131,639 36,898 0 0 95,123 7,313 0 7,690 4,009,128 3,536,465 CAFII AUC 0 56 44,370 3,316 140 0 62,727 6,236 0 74,533 191,378 181,474 RBE4 0 592 501 15,708 0 0 0 2,858 0 3,991 23,650 23,370 Total 41,610 3,949,965 551,647 214,958 22,299 4,132 210,069 369,173 351 652,893 6,017,097 4,890,515 1 Obligations and deployment are in megabits per second (Mbps). For both obligations and deployments, 4/1 and 6/1 have been combined. Actual obligation and deployment speeds for each study area are listed in Supplemental Table S.6.6. Data from the Bringing Together Puerto Rico Fund, Connect USVI Fund Stage 2 Competition, and Rural Digital Opportunity Fund are not included because the carriers have not yet reached an interim deployment obligation. 2 Rural Digital Opportunity Fund obligations have not been included here because the carriers authorized under this program are still in the early stages of deployment. For over 99% of the estimated locations covered by authorized winning bids, carriers are required to offer voice and broadband service at speeds of at least 100/20 Mbps. 3 Carriers may satisfy slower speed class obligations with higher speed deployments. Where carriers have deployed more than their required obligations for a given speed class, only the required deployments are included in the Total Deployed Satisfying Obligations. 4 Some carriers receiving RBE support had their obligations and deployments reduced. For details, see note in Supplementary Table 6.6. Source: USAC HUBB Data as of March 31, 2022. A carrier’s deployment data must be reported into the HUBB by March 1 of the year following the deployment. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 73 2022 Monitoring Report Table 6.17 – High Cost Supported Broadband Deployment by State as of March 31, 2022 (in Thousands)1 Total Deployed Satisfying State Obligations Locations Deployed Obligations 2 Alabama 172,799 186,432 147,631 Alaska 102,864 76,616 73,100 American Samoa 4,065 142 142 Arizona 76,879 44,503 40,397 Arkansas 181,956 201,137 165,174 California 303,886 275,779 244,164 Colorado 79,612 66,215 64,708 Connecticut 1,388 1,143 1,143 Delaware 1,343 1,773 1,338 Florida 95,889 118,506 84,537 Georgia 191,847 212,094 163,400 Guam 10,972 12,509 10,972 Hawaii 15,017 10,864 10,864 Idaho 51,698 39,343 36,926 Illinois 153,838 144,848 120,350 Indiana 198,834 200,974 170,858 Iowa 184,574 173,202 151,875 Kansas 112,798 118,690 90,523 Kentucky 184,746 238,248 171,979 Louisiana 125,087 141,398 107,528 Maine 57,721 51,254 47,704 Maryland 8,233 5,600 5,203 Massachusetts 5,758 4,768 3,778 Michigan 245,938 254,455 211,076 Minnesota 311,316 289,707 267,498 Mississippi 185,776 206,790 159,316 Missouri 327,396 276,660 252,886 Montana 86,072 81,074 69,433 Nebraska 82,573 71,852 65,729 Nevada 25,877 14,192 11,057 New Hampshire 16,083 19,014 15,159 New Jersey 2,691 2,266 2,021 New Mexico 61,573 48,376 38,105 New York 142,190 123,939 104,322 North Carolina 93,988 125,808 84,754 North Dakota 57,525 78,741 52,036 Northern Mariana Islands 11,143 4,547 4,547 Ohio 187,246 197,647 175,868 Oklahoma 159,492 106,606 80,515 Oregon 80,381 73,065 66,899 Pennsylvania 151,039 117,756 91,747 Rhode Island 165 50 50 South Carolina 105,713 195,503 98,267 South Dakota 70,563 74,039 59,413 Tennessee 160,444 212,267 146,867 Texas 341,198 407,244 305,379 Utah 33,275 54,164 23,681 Vermont 38,469 36,760 32,375 Virginia 119,939 87,740 79,110 Washington 111,850 95,719 87,090 West Virginia 107,221 89,312 86,902 Wisconsin 335,710 328,417 289,583 Wyoming 33,108 17,349 14,536 Nationwide 6,007,758 6,017,097 4,890,515 Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 74 2022 Monitoring Report 1 Obligation and deployment speeds for each study area are listed in Supplemental Table S.6.8. This table includes information for A-CAM, A-CAM II, AK Plan, CAF BLS, CAF II Model, CAF II Auction and RBE. Data from the Bringing Together Puerto Rico Fund, Connect USVI Fund Stage 2 Competition, and Rural Digital Opportunity Fund are not included because the carriers have not yet reached an interim deployment obligation. 2 Carriers may satisfy slower speed class obligations with higher speed deployments. Where carriers have deployed more than their required obligations for a given speed class, only the required deployments are included in the Total Deployed Satisfying Obligations. Source: USAC HUBB Data as of March 31, 2022. A carrier’s deployment data must be reported into the HUBB by March 1 of the year following the deployment. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 75 2022 Monitoring Report Section 7 – Price Indices This section contains information on telephone price indices using data from the Consumer Price Index (CPI) maintained by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The BLS collects information on telephone service as part of the CPI.11 The monthly price indices represent prices sampled in the middle of the month. The CPI for telephone services is based on a “market basket” intended to represent the telephone- related expenditures of a typical urban household. It includes both land-line telephone service and wireless telephone service. In January 2010, BLS discontinued collecting four land-line telephone indices, including local charges, long distance charges, interstate toll calls, and intrastate toll calls. These four indices were combined into a single land-line telephone service index, which began in December 2009. The Producer Price Index (PPI), also published by BLS, continues to release sub-indices for telephone services. We no longer include them in this report because they have become less meaningful as the bundling of telephone services has become more common in the land-line telephone industry.12 11 BLS publishes two sets of Consumer Price Indices. The CPI-U, used herein, is based on expenditures of all urban consumers. The CPI-W series is based on expenditures of urban wage earners and clerical workers. Monthly CPI data can be found on the Internet at www.bls.gov/cpi/. 12 PPI data are available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/ppi/. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 76 2022 Monitoring Report Table 7.1 – Long-Term Changes for Various Price Indices (Compounded Average Percentage Growth Rate) 1971 - 2021 2011 - 2021 CPI All Items (SA0) 3.9 2.2 CPI All Services (SAS) 4.5 2.6 CPI Telephone Services (SEED) 1.4 - 0.6 CPI Major Categories: - Food & Beverages (SAF) 3.9 2.3 - Housing (SAH) 4.1 2.6 - Apparel (SAA) 1.4 0.2 - Transportation (SAT) 3.7 2.0 - Medical Care (SAM) 5.5 2.8 - Recreation (SAR) * 1.1 - Other Goods & Services (SAG) 4.9 2.2 CPI Public Transportation (SETG) 3.6 - 1.2 CPI Utility (Piped) Gas Service (SEHF02) 4.8 1.8 CPI Electricity (SEHF01) 3.9 1.7 CPI Water & Sewerage Maint. (SEHG01) 5.7 4.2 CPI Postage (SEEC01) 4.5 3.7 * Series not established until 1993. Note: The CPI Telephone Services index was revised in December of 1997. To calculate values in this table, Series MUUR0000SE270A is used for periods prior to this revision and CUUR0000SEED is used for periods after the revision. After each row, the series ID is provided and should be proceeded by CUUR0000 when referencing the series. Note: The Compound Annual Growth Rate is a smoothed rate of growth calculated in three steps. First, divide the ending value by the beginning value. Second, raise the result of that division to a power equal to one divided by the number of years in the period. Finally, subtract 1 from the result of the second step. Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 77 2022 Monitoring Report Table 7.2 – Annual Changes in CPI Telephone Services and all Items Indices All Goods and Land-line Telephone Wireless Telephone Telephone Services Services Services Services BLS Series ID CURR0000SA0 CUUR0000SEED CUUR0000SEED04 CUUR0000SEED03 2000 3.4 -2.3 * -12.3 2001 1.6 1.3 * -5.5 2002 2.4 0.2 * 0.3 2003 1.9 -2.7 * -1.3 2004 3.3 -2.5 * -1.4 2005 3.4 0.4 * -1.5 2006 2.5 1.7 * 0.0 2007 4.1 2.1 * -0.9 2008 0.1 2.9 * 0.5 2009 2.7 1.0 * -1.1 2010 1.5 -0.9 2.2 -3.6 2011 3.0 -0.3 1.9 -2.3 2012 1.7 0.3 1.9 -0.8 2013 1.5 0.0 3.0 -2.0 2014 0.8 -2.1 1.8 -4.0 2015 0.7 0.7 2.2 0.0 2016 2.1 -2.8 0.9 -4.2 2017 2.1 -6.5 2.2 -10.2 2018 1.9 -2.4 0.0 -3.2 2019 2.3 1.6 6.9 -0.3 2020 1.4 4.2 4.6 4.1 2021 7.0 0.7 5.8 -0.3 * Series not established until December 2009. Note: Values report the percent change from December of the previous year through December of the year shown. Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 78 2022 Monitoring Report Table 7.3 – Monthly Consumer Price Indices (December 2009 = 100) Land-line Telephone Wireless Telephone All Goods and Services Telephone Services Services Services BLS Series ID CUUR0000SA0 CUUR0000SEED CUUR0000SEED04 CUUR0000SEED03 2018 January 114.78 88.56 117.47 75.39 February 115.30 88.24 117.67 74.98 March 115.56 88.21 116.73 75.16 April 116.02 88.19 116.52 75.18 May 116.50 88.32 116.81 75.26 June 116.50 88.36 117.12 75.24 July 116.70 88.48 117.79 75.24 August 116.76 88.13 117.50 74.90 September 116.90 88.21 117.94 74.90 October 117.10 88.03 116.67 74.97 November 116.71 86.63 117.06 73.29 December 116.34 86.54 117.32 73.13 2019 January 116.56 86.55 117.87 73.02 February 117.05 86.52 118.19 72.92 March 117.71 86.52 118.59 72.83 April 118.34 86.66 118.71 72.97 May 118.59 86.72 119.25 72.92 June 118.61 86.89 119.69 73.01 July 118.81 86.99 120.45 72.97 August 118.80 86.95 120.67 72.87 September 118.90 87.16 122.14 72.80 October 119.17 87.38 123.47 72.76 November 119.11 87.80 125.03 72.90 December 119.00 87.91 125.44 72.94 2020 January 119.46 88.14 127.49 72.93 February 119.79 88.03 127.92 72.77 March 119.53 88.03 128.00 72.76 April 118.73 88.23 129.07 72.83 May 118.73 88.22 128.52 72.88 June 119.38 88.10 128.17 72.80 July 119.38 88.10 128.17 72.80 August 120.36 91.28 127.90 76.03 September 120.53 91.48 128.53 76.14 October 120.58 91.73 130.92 76.11 November 120.50 91.64 131.13 75.99 December 120.62 91.58 131.24 75.92 2021 January 121.13 91.68 132.04 75.93 February 121.79 91.84 133.30 75.93 March 122.66 91.66 133.94 75.67 April 123.67 91.57 133.69 75.61 May 124.66 91.77 135.19 75.63 June 125.81 91.95 136.35 75.67 July 126.42 91.88 136.90 75.54 August 126.68 91.96 138.64 75.40 September 127.03 92.18 137.94 75.72 October 128.08 92.30 138.88 75.71 November 128.71 92.26 138.62 75.71 December 129.11 92.24 138.89 75.66 2022 January 130.19 92.28 140.23 75.55 February 131.38 92.43 140.97 75.62 March 133.14 91.85 140.64 75.09 April 133.88 91.99 141.69 75.11 May 135.35 91.96 141.54 75.10 June 137.21 91.89 141.74 75.00 July 137.20 91.85 141.55 74.99 Note: Series values for “All Goods and Services” are converted from the 1982-1984 base index series reported by the Bureau of Labor 'Statistics (BLS). Series values for “Telephone Services” and “Wireless Telephone Services” are converted from the December 1997 base index series reported by BLS. Series are not seasonally adjusted. Series may be referenced via the BLS website with the Series ID listed at the top of each column. Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service 79 2022 Monitoring Report